DE102007057310A1 - Internal combustion engine, has exhaust manifolds supplying exhaust gas into turbocharger that is connectable to engine and integral with respective assigned cylinder heads of cylinders - Google Patents

Abstract

The engine (10) has exhaust manifolds (18) for supplying exhaust gas into a turbocharger (12) that is connectable to the engine. The manifolds are integral with respective assigned cylinder heads (16) of cylinders (14). The manifolds are united at ends (20, 24) to connect with an appropriate flute of a turbine e.g. twin scroll turbine, of the turbocharger. The unification of the manifolds is selected in such a manner that an optimal volume e.g. cylinder volume, of an exhaust tract is attained.

Description

The The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with integrated exhaust manifolds, which are connectable to the turbine of a turbocharger.

to Exploitation of exhaust pulses in turbochargers when opening the exhaust valves are induced, are now called. Twin-scroll Turbine housing used. Here is the manifold externally bolted to the cylinder head and the turbine housing is in turn screwed to the manifold. This has the Disadvantage that the volume in front of the turbine is relatively large. This in turn is an optimal utilization of the exhaust pulse in Ways.

In the DE 10 2006 049 392 A1 For example, such a twin-scroll turbine is disclosed. The twin-scroll turbine has two separate inner lines, which extend from two inlet ports. In this case, a first or second scroll line respectively extends from the first and second input connection. The first and second scroll lines extend in a spiral shape and allow the exhaust gas to flow to a variable nozzle. This exhaust gas then turns the corresponding turbine rotor.

Therefore It is the object of the present invention to provide a connection between Exhaust manifolds and an internal combustion engine and a turbine to create a turbocharger that has improved use of Exhaust pulses allowed.

These Task is by an internal combustion engine with the characteristics of Patent claim 1 solved.

• – wobei Abgaskrümmer zum Zuführen von Abgas in einen an den Verbrennungsmotor anschließbaren Turbolader vorgesehen sind,
• – wobei die Abgaskrümmer dabei integral mit einem jeweiligen zugeordneten Zylinderkopf eines Zylinders verbunden sind.

Accordingly, according to the invention an internal combustion engine with at least four cylinders is provided,

• Wherein exhaust manifolds are provided for supplying exhaust gas into a turbocharger connectable to the internal combustion engine,
• - Wherein the exhaust manifolds are integrally connected to a respective associated cylinder head of a cylinder.

Of the Internal combustion engine has the advantage that the respective exhaust manifold is integrated in the cylinder head and integrally formed therewith is. This way, the exhaust manifold does not need to be as in the State of the art, are bolted to the engine. This creates a smaller volume in front of the turbine with one the turbocharger connected to the internal combustion engine. this leads to turn to a better utilization of exhaust pulsation.

advantageous Refinements and developments of the invention will become apparent the dependent claims and the description with reference on the drawings.

In an embodiment of the invention at least two exhaust manifolds are brought together to one end, around with a corresponding flood of a turbine of the turbocharger to be connected.

In another embodiment of the invention is the merging of exhaust manifolds so chosen, so that the best possible volume the exhaust tract can be reached, for example, one or almost a cylinder volume. This has the advantage of being a maximum Use impact energy for turbine acceleration leaves and the efficiency of the turbine in particular increase a critical lower speed range.

According to one another embodiment of the invention are, for example, a first and a third exhaust manifold, which are connected to a first and third cylinder head, each merged at its end and a second and fourth exhaust manifold, which are each connected to a second and fourth cylinder head are each brought together at their end. This can essentially at both mergers of cylinders the same volume or a similar volume be achieved in the respective exhaust system.

In a further embodiment of the invention are, for example, a first and fourth exhaust manifold, which are connected to a first and fourth cylinder head, each merged at their end. Furthermore are a second and third exhaust manifold, each with a second and third cylinder head are connected, respectively merged at their end. The end of the first and fourth exhaust manifold is, for example, with the connected while the larger flood of the turbine the end of the second and third exhaust manifold, for example associated with the smaller flute of the turbine is as similar as possible large or substantially equal volume the merged exhaust manifold and its floods to reach.

In another embodiment of the invention is the merger of the exhaust manifold or whose ends are arranged one above the other. Such an arrangement has the advantage that it combines very well with a pulse turbine while the pulse turbine divides the floods horizontally are.

In a further embodiment of the invention is the merger of the exhaust manifold side by side arranged. This arrangement has the advantage of being very good with a twin-scroll turbine can be combined in which the Floods are divided vertically.

According to one another embodiment of the invention are the ends of the merged exhaust manifold and / or the floods of the turbine of the turbocharger with a flange device Mistake. With the help of the flange device, the ends can the exhaust manifold and the turbine just flood each other be attached. The parts can here, for example screwed together and optionally in addition be provided with a seal.

The Invention will be described below with reference to the schematic figures the drawings specified embodiments closer explained. It shows:

1 a schematic plan view of an internal combustion engine and a turbocharger associated with it, wherein four exhaust manifolds of the turbocharger are each connected to the respective associated cylinder heads of the internal combustion engine, according to a first embodiment of the invention;

2 a schematic side sectional view through a pulse turbine of the turbocharger and its connection with the internal combustion engine according to 1 ;

3 a section of the turbine housing according to 2 ;

4 a Flanscheinrichtung for attaching the pulse turbine of the turbocharger and the two exhaust manifolds;

5 a schematic plan view of an internal combustion engine and a turbocharger connected to it, wherein four exhaust manifolds of the turbocharger are each connected to the respective associated cylinder heads of the internal combustion engine, according to a second embodiment of the invention;

6 a schematic side sectional view through a pulse turbine of the turbocharger and its connection with the internal combustion engine according to 5 ;

7 a section of the turbine housing according to 6 ; and

8th a Flanscheinrichtung for attaching the pulse turbine of the turbocharger and the two exhaust manifolds.

In all figures are the same or functionally identical elements and devices - if nothing else is indicated - with the same reference numerals been provided.

In 1 is initially a simplified schematic plan view of an internal combustion engine 10 shown with a turbocharger 12 connected is. The internal combustion engine 10 Here, for example, has four cylinders 1-4 14 on. The four cylinder heads 16 the cylinder 14 of the internal combustion engine 10 are each with a corresponding exhaust manifold 18 connected, according to a first embodiment of the invention. For example, the first and third cylinder heads 16 with a first and third exhaust manifold 18 connected. The two exhaust manifolds 18 are again at their end 20 merged with the turbine 22 of the turbocharger 12 to be connected. Furthermore, the second and fourth cylinder head 16 with a second and fourth exhaust manifold 18 connected, the exhaust manifold 18 also at the end 24 are merged with the turbine 22 of the turbocharger 10 to be connected.

According to the invention, the exhaust manifolds 18 preferably in the cylinder heads 16 integrated, ie the exhaust manifold 18 are with the cylinder heads 16 preferably formed in one piece. Furthermore, the turbine 22 on the other end 20 . 24 the exhaust manifold 18 attached, for example by means of screwing.

By integrating the respective exhaust manifold 18 in the assigned cylinder heads 16 the internal combustion engine 10 The volume of the exhaust gas-carrying components can be located in front of the turbine 22 significantly reduce. A double-flow of the turbine 22 This is achieved by putting the ends 20 . 24 the merged exhaust manifold 18 For example, the cylinder 1 and 3 and the cylinder 2 and 4, one above the other in the cylinder head 16 arranges.

In 1 are the exhaust manifolds 18 the first and third cylinder head 16 above the exhaust manifold 18 of the second and fourth cylinder head 16 arranged. The exhaust manifold 18 of the second and fourth cylinder head 16 is indicated here by a dashed line. By the arrangement of the exhaust manifold 18 one above the other or with each other to obtain a special flange, which will be described below with reference to 4 will be explained in more detail. In this flange picture are the ends 20 . 24 the merged exhaust ducts arranged one above the other. This arrangement can in turn be very well with a so-called. Pulse turbine 22 combine. Basically, it is also conceivable the En the 20 . 24 the exhaust manifold 18 to arrange next to each other, for example, to connect to the floods of a twin-scroll turbine (not shown).

In a pulse turbine 22 the exhaust ducts in the turbine housing are split horizontally in contrast to the previously described in the prior art twin-scroll turbine. In the twin-scroll turbine, the exhaust ducts in the turbine housing are vertically divided.

This achieves this with the pulse turbine 22 a minimal volume of exhaust manifolds 18 in front of the turbine 22 , The volume of the exhaust line, for example, the cylinders 1 and 3 is in an optimal arrangement just or substantially at a cylinder volume, which is theoretically optimal. The same applies to the cylinders 2 and 4. Thus, a maximum of impact energy for the turbine acceleration can be exploited and this increases the efficiency of the turbine 22 especially in the critical lower rpm range of the internal combustion engine.

The arrangement of the exhaust manifold 18 on the cylinder heads 16 is not yet known from the prior art and has several advantages. An advantage here is that the arrangement of the merger of the exhaust manifold 18 for example, cylinder 1 and 3 above or below the merger of the exhaust manifold 18 Cylinders 2 and 4 a particularly reduced volume combination with the pulse turbine housing can be achieved. Due to the optimal utilization of the efficiency of the turbine 22 be further improved significantly.

The arrangement of the exhaust manifold 18 on top of each other and their connection with the Pulse turbine 22 of the turbocharger 12 are in the 2 and 3 shown.

In 2 is a simplified schematic side sectional view through a pulse turbine 22 of the turbocharger 12 and their connection to the combustion engine 10 shown. The turbine 22 has a turbine wheel 26 on that in the turbine housing 28 on a wave 30 is rotatably mounted. Furthermore, the pulse turbine points 22 two floods 32 on. The floods 32 are arranged one above the other and via a flange device 34 as he is in 4 shown is with the end 20 the first and third exhaust manifold 18 or with the end 24 the second and fourth exhaust manifold 18 connected.

In 2 is shown as the Zweiflutigkeit the Pulse turbine 22 is realized. This is achieved by the end 20 the first and third exhaust manifold 18 above the end 24 the second and fourth exhaust manifold 18 is arranged and with the respective flood 34 the pulse turbine 22 is connected. Basically, the end 20 the first and third exhaust manifold 18 also below the end 24 the second and fourth exhaust manifold 18 be arranged.

In 3 is a section of a longitudinal sectional view through the turbine housing 28 shown. Therein is the turbine wheel 26 shown and above the two superimposed floods 32 the turbine 22 with the ends 20 . 24 the respective combination of exhaust manifolds 18 get connected.

Furthermore, in 4 a front view of the flange device 34 shown, for connecting the turbine 22 of the turbocharger 12 with the ends 20 . 24 the first and third or second and fourth exhaust manifold 18 , The flange device 34 May be at the two ends 20 . 24 the combination of exhaust manifolds 18 be formed and / or on the turbine 22 to the ends 20 . 24 with both floods 32 the turbine 22 to attach to it.

In the case, as he is in 2 is shown, is the flange device 34 for example, at the ends 20 . 24 the first and third and second and fourth exhaust manifold 18 attached. The flange device 34 as they are in 4 is shown, this has two openings 36 on that with the openings of the two floods 32 the pulse turbine 22 of the turbocharger 12 get connected. The Pulse turbine 22 and the ends 20 . 24 the exhaust manifold 18 can do this via the flange device 24 and corresponding holes 38 For example, be screwed together. Optionally, an additional seal can be provided.

In 5 is a highly simplified schematic plan view of an internal combustion engine 10 shown with a turbocharger 12 connected is. The internal combustion engine 10 here also has, for example, four cylinders 1-4 14 on. The four cylinder heads 16 the cylinder 14 of the internal combustion engine 10 each with a corresponding exhaust manifold 18 connected.

The first and second embodiments differ only in that in the second embodiment, the first and fourth cylinder head 16 with a first and fourth exhaust manifold 18 connected is. The two exhaust manifolds 18 are again at their end 20 merged with the turbine 22 of the turbocharger 12 to be connected. Next are the second and third cylinder head 16 with a second and third exhaust manifold 18 connected, the exhaust manifold 18 also at the end 24 are merged with the turbine 22 of the turbocharger 10 to be connected. The made to the first embodiment Therefore, embodiments also apply accordingly for the second embodiment and vice versa.

As in the first embodiment, the exhaust manifolds 18 in the second embodiment, preferably in the cylinder heads 16 integrated, ie the exhaust manifold 18 are with the cylinder heads 16 preferably formed in one piece. Furthermore, the turbine 22 on the other end 20 . 24 the exhaust manifold 18 attached, for example by means of screwing.

A twofoldness of in 6 shown pulse turbine 22 This is achieved by putting the ends 20 . 24 the merged exhaust manifold 18 For example, the cylinder 1 and 4 and the cylinder 2 and 3, one above the other in the cylinder head 16 arranges and the exhaust manifold 18 or their ends 20 . 24 with the floods on top of each other 32 the turbine 22 correspondingly connects.

As in 5 and 6 shown are the exhaust manifolds 18 the first and fourth cylinder head 16 or their end 20 below the exhaust manifold 18 the second and third cylinder head 16 or their end 24 arranged. Here are the exhaust manifold 18 the first and fourth cylinder head 16 , as in 6 is shown, preferably with the smaller, here the lower, flood 32 connected. The exhaust manifold 18 the second and third cylinder head 16 are on the other hand with the larger, here the upper, flood 32 the pulse turbine 22 connected. In this way, the exhaust line of the cylinders 1 and 4 and the associated flood 32 and the exhaust line of the cylinders 2 and 3 and the associated flood 32 preferably a similar volume.

The second embodiment is not based on a pulse turbine 22 limited as they are in 6 and 7 but can also be applied to other turbines, for example twin-scroll turbines (not shown).

In 7 is a section of a longitudinal sectional view through the turbine housing 28 according to 6 shown and its turbine wheel 26 , Here are the two floods 32 the pulse turbine 22 arranged one above the other. The floods 32 be there with the ends 20 . 24 the respective combination of exhaust manifolds 18 connected.

By the arrangement of the exhaust manifold 18 the second and third cylinder head 16 , in the 6 indicated by a dashed line, over the exhaust manifolds 18 the first and fourth cylinder head 16 one receives a special flange picture, which in the following with reference to 8th will be explained in more detail.

As in 8th shown are the ends 20 . 24 the respectively merged exhaust ducts arranged one above the other, for example, with the illustrated pulse turbine 22 to be combined. When combined with a twin-scroll turbine (not shown), the ends become 20 . 24 however, preferably arranged next to each other. The flange device 34 can do this at the two ends 20 . 24 the combination of exhaust manifolds 18 be formed and / or on the turbine 22 to the ends 20 . 24 with both floods 32 the turbine 22 to attach to it. For this purpose, the flange device, for example, openings or holes 38 on for screwing the exhaust ducts with the turbine 22 ,

Even though the present invention described above with reference to the preferred embodiments it is not limited to that, but to manifold ones Modifiable manner.

According to the invention, in principle, an internal combustion engine or an internal combustion engine 10 with less than or more than four cylinders 14 be provided, for example, with six, eight, ten or twelve cylinders. It can, depending on how many floods 32 a turbine to be connected 22 a turbocharger 12 has, the ends of the exhaust manifold 18 be merged or summarized, so that each end with a flood 32 the turbine 22 can be connected. In this case, in each case the ends of at least two exhaust manifolds 18 be connected to each other, the exhaust manifold 18 for example, to be summarized and connected to a corresponding flood of a turbine so that the volume of the combined exhaust manifold and its flute is as similar or substantially equal to the volume of the other combined exhaust manifold and its associated flute.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

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Cited patent literature

• - DE 102006049392 A1 [0003]

Claims (8)

Internal combustion engine with at least four cylinders ( 14 ): wherein exhaust manifold ( 18 ) for supplying exhaust gas in one to the internal combustion engine ( 10 ) connectable turbocharger ( 12 ) are provided, wherein the exhaust manifold ( 18 ) integral with a respective associated cylinder head ( 16 ) of a cylinder ( 14 ) are connected. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two exhaust manifolds ( 18 ) to an end ( 20 . 24 ) are merged with a corresponding flood ( 32 ) a turbine ( 22 ) of the turbocharger ( 12 ) to be connected. Internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the merging of exhaust manifolds ( 18 ) Is selected such that the best possible volume of the exhaust system is achievable, for example, a cylinder volume. Internal combustion engine according to at least one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that, for example, a first and third exhaust manifold ( 18 ), which with a first and third cylinder head ( 16 ), each at their end ( 20 ) and that a second and fourth exhaust manifold ( 18 ), each with a second or fourth cylinder head ( 16 ), each at their end ( 24 ) are brought together. Internal combustion engine according to at least one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that, for example, a first and fourth exhaust manifold ( 18 ), which with a first or fourth cylinder head ( 16 ), each at their end ( 20 ) and that a second and third exhaust manifold ( 18 ), each with a second or third cylinder head ( 16 ), each at their end ( 24 ) are brought together. Internal combustion engine according to at least one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the merging of the exhaust manifold ( 18 ) is arranged one above the other in order to communicate with a respective flood ( 32 ) a turbine ( 22 ), for example, to be connected to a pulse turbine. Internal combustion engine according to at least one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the merging of the exhaust manifolds ( 18 ) is juxtaposed with a respective flood ( 32 ) a turbine ( 22 ), for example, to be connected to a twin-scroll turbine. Internal combustion engine according to at least one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the ends ( 20 . 24 ) of the merged exhaust manifold ( 18 ) and / or the floods ( 32 ) of the turbine ( 22 ) of the turbocharger ( 12 ) with a flange device ( 34 ) are provided around the ends ( 20 . 24 ) of the merged exhaust manifold ( 18 ) with the floods ( 32 ) of the turbine ( 22 ) To connect, for example by means of screwing, which optionally additionally a seal in the flange can be provided.