DD247126A3 - ROSTER SEGMENTS FOR SWINGFOILERS AND PINCH FROGS, ESPECIALLY FOR SEPARATING FORMING AND CASTINGS - Google Patents

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to reduce the expense of destroying the molding tubers, preventing the Havariegefahr resulting from Gußstueckverklemmungen, reducing the Gußstueck Committee resulting from excessive vibration stress and the resulting resulting Laermabstrahlung. The object of the invention is to provide grate segments and a Rostschwingfoerderer in which with sufficient separation effect of the Gussstueckverhakung counteracting, largely closed surface is formed and the possibility of adaptation to different molding material Gussstübckverhaeltnisse exists. The object is achieved according to the invention by grate segments, in which a closed, provided with small breakthrough surface is formed between the Roststaeben, which consists of at least two Teilflaechen on at least a second lower level. Fig. 11

Description

For this 7 pages drawings

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to grate segments and a grate vibratory conveyor, in particular for separating highly compressed tubers prone molding material and castings in foundries.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

For the separation of molding material and castings are used in automatic molding equipment in general grate vibratory conveyor whose grate surface must be designed so that

- The free-flowing (strongly dried) molding material falls quickly through the rust openings in view of the limited length of rust;

- The resulting molding tubers are crushed so that they fall through the grate openings and

- In the grate openings snagging and / or jamming of the Rohgußstücke including the circulation material excluded or largely avoided.

In practice, a variety of solutions are realized to achieve these technical premises, but all have certain technical defects. For example, grate segments with conical longitudinal gaps are frequently mentioned as a proven solution for avoiding casting hooking and / or jamming (presentation by Foundry Design Corp. to the Foundry - Colloquium on 7.3.1984 in Leipzig). Such an arrangement is presented, for example, in the commercial patent 124287. In the conical longitudinal column grates, the gap widened in the conveying direction, so that the jammed castings are to be freely vibrated again due to the "conveying force." Under practical conditions of use, however, the "conveying force" is generally too low to vibrate the hooked castings again. Reducing the clearance between the individual grate bars, while reducing the likelihood of molding hooking and / or jamming, also reduces the likelihood of mold shred crushing, a significant requirement for the grate vibratory conveyor.

By attaching partially clock-controlled restraints at the end of the vibrating conveyor rust is trying to compensate for the disadvantage of insufficient Formstoffkollenseparierung (document S7063 Fa.Schenk).

Similar devices for the improvement of Formstoffknollenzerkleinerung are also in the journal "Hoists and conveyors" 10th volume Issue 7 "Use of vibrating vibratory conveyors in foundries" recommended for use. These retainers at the end of the grate vibratory conveyor cause castings and molded tubers to accumulate at the end of the grate vibratory conveyor. This "stagnation phase" has the consequence that the vibrating castings destroy the molding tubers, but also that damage to the casting occur.The retention device can thus be used only in shock-resistant casting.According to the damaging results in a very intense noise, the demands precludes environmentally friendly technology and equipment.

Another variant of the Formstoffknollenzerkleinerung is in the magazine "Foundry Trade Journal" (1983) "Casting Shake

It is recommended that where molding tubers bring considerable technical and technological problems to the Rotary Vibratory Conveyor, a rotary drum downstream of the Rotary Drum is not required for subsequent addition to a rotary drum, but not all castings The most important prerequisite for this is the rolling ability of the casting. In addition, space problems can make the use of downstream rotary drums impossible, eg when retrofitting existing plants.

For castings that are very willing to subsidize, such. As flat furnace or Elektroguß, the grate segments can have cross gaps antstelle the longitudinal slots for better Formstoffknollenzerkleinerung. Although these cross-gaps improve due to the higher flow resistance, the Formstoffknollenzerkleinerung, but very significantly increase the likelihood of Gußverklemmungen and / or -hooks such that only very willing to subsidy castings can be used. The use in a foundry with different casting ranges (customer foundry) is thereby excluded.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to reduce the effort to destroy the molding tubers, reducing the Havariegefahr resulting from Gußverklemmungen and / or -hakings, reducing the resulting excessively high vibration stress Gußstück Committee and the noise emission caused thereby.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide grate segments for a vibratory conveyor and a grate vibratory conveyor for separating molding material and castings with such a closed surface of the conveying and separating plane that the entanglement of castings and in particular of circulation material is largely prevented, but at the same time a satisfactory Separation of tuberous molding materials and the adaptation of the vibrating conveyor to different molding material casting ratios is ensured.

The object is achieved by grating segments, in which between the grate bars a closed provided with small openings surface is formed, which consists of at least two partial surfaces on at least one lower level. The partial surfaces expediently consist of perforated sheet metal segments overlapping against the conveying direction in the shape of a roof tile or of perforated sheet metal strips with transverse bars placed at a distance from one another. A further advantageous embodiment of the grate segments according to the invention provides that a lower level forming perforated metal strips, which are attached to the underside of a central level forming cross bars, with their width the clearance of the resting on the transverse bars, arranged in the conveying direction, the upper level of Corresponding conveying and separating plane forming grate bars, or to let them slightly beyond. As a result, passage slits are formed between the lower edges of the grate bars and the upper edges of the perforated plate scraps in the height of the cross bars and approximately in the width of the grate bars Durchlaßspalten.

The grate vibrating conveyor according to the invention has a conveying and separating plane in which at least two grate segments are arranged downstream of the grate segments of the known type in the conveying direction, in which a closed surface provided with small perforations is present between the grate bars at least two partial surfaces with at least one second lower level exists.

The grate segment design according to the invention has the following advantages over the known designs: The arrangement of the conveying and separating plane in two or three level levels ensures destruction of the molding tubers, while the closedness of the conveying surface prevents casting hooking and / or jamming. The fact that increased "vibration forces" are unnecessary, a gentle cast iron transport is guaranteed, so that minimize the damage in transit of the casting Another important advantage is the safe destruction of the molding tubers, so that no additional tuber comminuting devices are required.

embodiment

The invention will be explained in more detail in two embodiments with reference to a drawing. The drawing shows in

- Figure 1: a schematic representation of a longitudinal section through a grate vibrating conveyor for separating molding material

and castings,

FIG. 2: a plan view of the grate segments equipped with perforated sheet segments (1st exemplary embodiment),

FIG. 3 is a sectional view according to line A-A in FIG. 2,

FIG. 4 is a sectional view along the line B - B in FIG. 2,

FIG. 5: a plan view of the grate segments equipped with perforated metal strip strips (variant of the first exemplary embodiment),

FIG. 6 is a sectional view according to FIG. 5C, FIG.

FIG. 7 shows a sectional view according to the line D-D in FIG. 5,

FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section through the conveying and dividing plane of a grate vibrating conveyor reproduced in part in the form of staggered grate segments (variant of the first exemplary embodiment)

Figure 9: like Figure 8, with another variant of grid segments

FIG. 10 shows a further plan view analogous to FIG. 2 with a further variant of grate segments and their interconnection to the conveying and separating plane,

FIG. 11: the three-dimensional representation of a second embodiment of a grate segment,

FIG. 12 is a sectional view along the line E-E in FIG. 11,

FIG. 13: like FIG. 12 with a further variant of a grate segment,

- Figure 14: a grate segment in structure-silenced design.

The illustrated in Figure 1 known rust vibrating conveyor 1 consists of a conveying and parting plane 2, which is composed of the technological conditions adapted grate segments 3 and 4 and / or 5, a Formstoffördererebene 6 of spring elements 7 and the balancing mass drive (rotating imbalances) 8, which sets the entire vibrating conveyor 1 in a linear oscillatory motion. The task of the molded bale 9 is carried out in free fall generally on the first of the grate segments 3. The separation process runs in the conveying direction 10 from.

If the molded bales contain 9 cast screws with small castings, then in the conveying direction 10 after the grate segments 3 grate segments 4 according to FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and / or FIGS. 5, 6, 7 are arranged. According to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the grate segments 4 consist of two longitudinal supports 11, whose outer spacing 12 corresponds to the inside width of the grate vibrating conveyor 1, of two to four cross members 13 (FIG. 4), which are fastened to the longitudinal members 11 Between the grate bars 14 are provided with apertures surfaces 15 which consist of partial surfaces 16, which by parallel to the grate bars 14 welded, counter to the conveying direction lOsägezahnförmig overlapping arranged perforated plate segments 17 or plane perforated metal strip 18 are formed with a hole diameter 19 of 6.0-25.0 mm and a hole center distance 20 of 8.0-30.0 mm. On the flat perforated metal strips 18 perpendicular to the conveying direction 10 extending transverse rods 21 are placed (Figure 5). The distance 22 between the grate bars 14 is, depending on the arrangement of the grate segments 4, in the grate vibrating conveyor 1 between 50-150mm, wherein seen in the conveying direction 10, the distance 22 from grate segment 4 to grate segment 4 to the discharge end of the grate conveyor 1 towards less. The length 23 of the perforated plate segments 17 is 50-200 mm. The height difference 24 from the upper edge of the perforated sheet segment 17 or of the perforated sheet metal strip 18 to the upper edge of the roasting rods 14 is between 10 and 50 mm. The height 25 (Figure 7) of the cross bars 21 is 5-12 mm.

The grate segments 4 of the conveying and separating plane 2 are arranged horizontally in a first embodiment variant (eg, FIG. 4). In a second embodiment variant form the grate segments 4 in the conveying direction 10 step-like rising trapezoids (Figure 8), wherein the increase 26 is 5-8 ° relative to the horizontal and between the grate segments 4 a step with a transfer height 27 is present. A third embodiment provides that the conveying and separating plane 2, as described above (variant 2), first increase by 5-8 ° and then after each three quarters to four fifths of the length 28 (Figure 9) of the grate segment 4 on the preferred 5.0-20.0 mm transfer height 27 to drop again. In the grate segments 4, with an 80 mm distance 22 of the grate bars 14 are on the perforated plate segments 17 and on the transverse bars 21 in the embodiment with perforated strips 18 in every second grate bar gap (area between two grate bars 14), each offset by a grate bar gap, Flat iron 29 arranged, the upper edge is 2-5 mm above the upper edge of the grate bars 14 and have a width of 10-20 mm (Figure 10). Within the length 28 of the grate segments 4, two rows of flat bars 29 are each mounted on one third and two thirds or a quarter and three quarters of the length 28.

The grate bars 14 of the individual grate segments 4 are arranged in the plan view (Figure 10) so that they have an offset 30 of grate segment 4 to grate segment 4.

On the basis of a second embodiment, which is mainly used in cast screws with medium and larger castings and larger quantities of molding material, a further embodiment of the invention is illustrated. Analogous to the first embodiment, the transfer of the mold bale 9 takes place on grate segments 3 known construction. This is followed in the conveying direction 10 two or three grate segments 5 of the embodiment described below. After these grate segments 5, one or two grate segments 4 of the embodiment described in the first embodiment are occasionally arranged at the discharge end of the grate vibrating conveyor 1.

The structure of the grate segments 5 differs from that of the grate segments 4 in particular by a different design of the openings provided with apertures, arranged between the grate bars 14 surfaces 15 and these forming partial surfaces 16. By a varied arrangement of the transverse rods 21 and the perforated metal strip 18 is here a larger open space (so-called free screen passage) achieved. At the arranged in the conveying direction 10 two longitudinal members 11 (not shown in Figure 11) are mounted about four cross member 13. Perforated sheet metal strips 18 are welded onto these cross beams 13, the width 31 of which projects beyond the distance 22 of the grate bars 14 slightly by approximately 4.0 mm and symmetrically distributed therefrom. Through this structure, in the horizontal direction Durchlaßspalten 32. On the perforated metal strips 18 are at a distance of 50-200mm transverse bars 21 with a height 25 of 5-20 mm (Figure 12) and / or between the grate bars 14 on the 5th -10 mm reduced height 33 (Figure 13) arranged. On these transverse bars 21, the grate bars 14 are mounted at a clear distance of 50-200 mm, wherein the distance 22 is reduced in the conveying direction 10 of grate segment 5 to grate segment 5 of initially 200mm to 50mm near the discharge end. Through the described arrangement of the perforated plate strips 18, the cross bars 21 and the grate bars 14 formed in the vertical direction passage slots 34 whose length corresponds to the distance between two transverse bars 21 and the height of the height 25 of the transverse bars 21.

When using structure-silenced grate segments (Figure 14), the grate bars 14 are preferably constructed π-shaped, wherein the resulting cavity 35 is filled with einm high temperature resistant Entdröhnungsmaterial 36. The perforated plate segments 17 and / or perforated plate strips 18 are from a distance 22 of the grate bars 14 of about 50 mm sandwich d. H. with interposition of Entdröhnungsmaterials 36, built. Both measures result in a further reduction in noise, so that the use of soundproofing caps is unnecessary.

The arrangement according to the invention of the grate segments 3, 4 and 5 of the conveying path of the grate vibrating conveyor 1 ensures, even with very different casting and molding parameters, a casting / molding material separation corresponding to technological requirements with minimal casting hooking and / or jamming and low noise emission.

On the basis of the illustrated embodiments, this will be explained in more detail.

The grate segments 3 of known construction arranged in the area of the form ball application (for example grate bars 14 arranged at a distance 22 from one another at a distance of 22 with a conically tapered cross section downwards) have an open area of> 50%. As a result, the entire flowable or free-flowing molding material is screened off from the conveying and separating plane 2 so that only casting and molding tubers remain. In this area of the grate vibrating conveyor 1, the risk of entanglement of the casting is very low, since the grape spirits are still connected and the large quantities of molding material exclude this as far as possible. When further conveying the cast grapes, depending on the gate conditions, castings partially separate from the circulatory system, so that the risk of jamming or entanglement of casting on the grate segments 3 of known construction increases. According to the invention, this possibility is reduced by the fact that the conveying and separating plane 2 is formed by the installation of the novel grate segments 4 and / or grate segments 5 as a quasi-closed plane.

The problem of crushing the molding tubers in a size that is sieved by the existing open spaces (holes in the LQchblechsegmenten 17 and / or perforated strip 18 and the passage slots 34 and passageways 32), according to the invention by the different distance 22 of the grate bars 14, be solved by the counter to the conveying direction 10 sawtooth-shaped perforated plate segments 17 or by the arrangement of the transverse rods 21, the flat iron 29 and by the correspondingly arranged with an offset 30 grating segments 4 and 5 respectively. The known grate segments 3 generally do not have a larger spacing 22 of the grate bars 14 than 50mm to minimize the likelihood of molding and / or jamming. Due to this relatively small distance 22 of the grate bars 14, the molding material tubers are conveyed to the grate bars 14 together with the castings. The vibrations which cause the separation of molding material and casting, are not large enough to cause a satisfactory crushing of the molding tubers. Increasing these vibrations with the aim to achieve the crushing of the molding tubers, inevitably leads to a higher casting load and thus more waste and to an unacceptably high noise.

When using the grate segment assembly according to the invention reach the molding tubers, after screening the flowable and free flowing molding material on the grate segments 3 known construction, on a grate segment 4 or 5 with a distance 22 of the grate bars 14 of about 150mm. As a result, the molding tubers, caused by the greater force caused by tensile forces due to bending of the molding tubers and greater pressure due to the smaller contact surface at the edges of the grate bars 14, sheared.

This first phase of Formstoffknollenzerkleinerung follows in a second phase, the abrasion on the counter to the conveying direction 10 sawtooth overlapped perforated plate segments 17 and on the transverse rods 21. In difficult cases, the installation of flat iron 29 has been proven. In addition, it has proven to be useful in special cases to assist the Formstoffknollenzerstörung by abrasion and thus the recovery of this molding material in that the grate bars 14 are provided on its the conveying and dividing plane 2 forming surface with a caterpillar applied hard metal weld. Since in the conveying direction 10, the distance 22 of the grate bars 14 from the grate segment 4.5 to Rostsegemnt 4,5 reduced, the process of the two phases of Formstoffknollenzerkleinerung repeated so that at the end of the conveying and dividing plane 2 of the molding material, according to the technological requirements , is screened. The results of the grate segment arrangement and design according to the invention show that the operation of such a grate vibratory conveyor, even with smaller oscillation widths (vO = 0.16-0.2 ms " ¹ ) than known grate segment arrangements and design, still a much better cast / molding material separation effected with gentler casting load and less noise radiation.

Claims (9)

Invention claim: 1. grate segment, in particular for grate vibrating conveyor for separating molding material and castings and the hook-free transport of the castings with attached to cross members, the conveying and dividing plane forming grate bars, characterized in that the conveying and separating plane (2) of the grate segments (4,5 ) between the, an upper level forming grate bars (14) forms a closed, provided with small apertures surface (15) and that the surface (15) consists of at least two partial surfaces (16) on at least a second lower level. 2. grate segments according to item 1, characterized in that the partial surfaces (16) by counter to the conveying direction (10) roof-tile overlapping perforated sheet metal segments (17) are formed. 3. grate segments according to item 1, characterized in that the partial surfaces (16) are formed by perforated metal strips (18) at a distance (22) from each other fixed transverse bars (21). 4. grate segments according to item 1, characterized in that the lower level forming a perforated sheet metal strip (18) which are fixed to the underside of a central level forming transverse rods (21), with their width (31) the distance (22) of the the grating bars (14) lying in the conveying direction (10), the upper level of the conveying and separating plane (2) form or slightly project beyond the transverse bars (21), so that between the lower edges (37) of the grate bars (14) and the Upper edges (38) of the perforated metal strip (18) in the height (25) of the transverse rods (21) Durchiaßschlitze (34) and approximately the width (39) of the grate bars (14) Durchlaßspalten (32) are formed. 5. Rostsegemente according to the points 1 to 4, characterized in that the hole diameter (19) of the perforated plate segments (17) and the perforated plate strips (18) between 6.0-25.0 mm, preferably 14.0-20.0 mm and the Hole center distance (20) 8.0-30.0 mm is preferably 17.0-24.0 mm. 6. grate segment according to the points 1 to 5, characterized in that the grate bars (14) are provided on the conveying and separating plane (2) facing surface with a caterpillar applied hard-metal weld. 7. grate vibratory conveyor for separating molded material and castings, characterized in that the conveying and separating plane (2) in the conveying direction (10) consist of grate segments (3) of known type, which at least two grate segments (4,5) are arranged downstream, in which between the grate bars (14) a closed, provided with small openings surface (15) is present, which consists of at least two partial surfaces (16) with at least one second lower level. 8. grate vibrating conveyor according to item 7, characterized in that the conveying and separating plane (2) in the conveying direction (10) successively from grate segments (3) known type, from at least two grate segments (5) with three different height levels and subsequently from at least one other Grate segment (4) with two different levels heights. 9. grate vibrating conveyor according to points 7 or 8, characterized in that the grate bars (14) on the conveyor and parting plane (2) in the conveying direction (10) successive grate segments (4) or (5) have an offset (30), which is preferably half the distance (22) of the grate bars (14) from each other.