CN1894095A - 箔对热塑性聚合物的粘合 - Google Patents
箔对热塑性聚合物的粘合 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1894095A CN1894095A CNA2004800376921A CN200480037692A CN1894095A CN 1894095 A CN1894095 A CN 1894095A CN A2004800376921 A CNA2004800376921 A CN A2004800376921A CN 200480037692 A CN200480037692 A CN 200480037692A CN 1894095 A CN1894095 A CN 1894095A
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Abstract
公开了一种多层结构,其包括了,通过使用乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物组合物作为粘结层,层压至热塑性组合物上的箔层或从它们制备。该多层结构可用于包装膜和工业膜。还公开了一种制备该结构的层压方法。还进一步公开了包括该结构的包装件。
Description
本发明的领域
本发明涉及箔(foil)对包括乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物的热塑性组合物的粘合,涉及包括层压至热塑性组合物上的箔的多层结构,以及涉及包括这些多层结构的包装材料。
本发明的背景
铝箔(Al)作为水分和气体阻隔层广泛应用于食品包装工业。由于箔具有差的耐挠曲龟裂性、不能形成真空密封和成本的原因,它通常以多层结构与其它材料如纸、聚乙烯(PE)和取向聚丙烯(OPP)相结合。应用包括许多干性食品的包装材料如粉末饮料混合物的小袋和非包装应用。一些普通的多层结构包括纸/LDPE/Al/LDPE和OPP/底漆/LDPE/Al/LDPE,其中LDPE是低密度聚乙烯,纸或OPP提供劲度和印刷表面。底漆允许LDPE粘结到OPP基材上,第一LDPE层提供对铝箔的粘合,第二LDPE层作为密封层。
这些结构通常通过挤出涂覆或层压的方式制备,它包括在基材之间铺设聚合物的熔体幕涂层,所述基材在与冷辊接触的同时高速移动。聚乙烯对箔的粘合可以通过在高涂布温度(300到330℃)下加工以使一部分该聚乙烯氧化的方式获得。LDPE的氧化产生对铝箔提供适度粘合的极性物质。
在许多应用中,使用LDPE或LLDPE(线性低密度聚乙烯)膜,而不使用LDPE涂层作为密封剂。例如:纸/LDPE/Al/LDPE/PE膜。PE膜可以是LDPE或LLDPE,但通常是基于LLDPE的。PE膜具有与LDPE涂层相比的多个优点:例如,考虑到密封界面的填缝,PE膜可以制备得比涂层更厚。LLDPE膜提供更高的密封强度。吹胀薄膜具有更好的强度和抗撕裂性。吹胀薄膜提供更大的劲度。在比挤出涂覆低得多的温度下进行加工的吹胀薄膜具有较少的味道和气味问题(与LDPE的氧化有关)。
LDPE是目前用于挤出层合的主要树脂。然而,使用LDPE来将PE膜挤出层合到铝箔上的一个根本问题是LDPE对铝箔的粘合随时间而“老化”。首先LDPE对铝箔的粘合仅仅是勉强够格,但经过一至几个星期的时间,其粘结强度常常降至在应用中不再发挥作用的水平。一种解释是老化可能与LDPE的二级结晶度有关。在层压过程中,LDPE迅速骤冷,出现很少的一级结晶。随着时间的推移,可以形成少量的“二级”晶体。随着PE结晶,它发生收缩。收缩可以对键合产生应力并减小剥离强度。LDPE-Al键合是结构中的这些键作用当中的最弱的(LDPE与PE膜的键合一般是不可分离的),因此其剥离强度下降。
在将箔粘合到非极性聚合物组合物上时,使用附加聚合物组合物作为粘合剂或″连系”层可能是有益的。通常,较大极性的聚合物材料比较小极性的材料更容易粘合到箔上。然而,很好粘着到箔上的极性聚合物不能很好的粘着到非极性聚合物上。因此,优选粘结层具有允许它粘着到箔和非极性聚合物两者上的性能的平衡性。
化学底漆有时被用于增进对非极性的基材的粘合,但是这增加了成本,并对于溶剂型体系而言会引起环境问题。因此,希望不使用底漆而将箔粘着到非极性聚合物组合物上。
本发明的概述
本发明包括一种能够包括多层结构的组合物或能够由多层结构制备的组合物。该结构可包括或制备自下述层,即,至少一层箔,至少一层乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物组合物,至少一层热塑性聚烯烃组合物,和任选的包括纸、聚酯、聚酰胺、乙烯-乙烯醇、聚乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物或其离聚物、聚偏氯乙烯、酸酐改性的乙烯均聚和共聚物或它们的两种或多种的组合的附加层。
本发明还包括可以提高箔对热塑性组合物的粘合性的方法。该方法可包括在箔层和热塑性聚烯烃组合物层之间结合(如挤出)乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物组合物。
本发明还包括包含多层结构的包装材料。
本发明的详细说明
热塑性组合物是在压力下加热时能够流动的聚合物材料。熔体指数(MI)是在控制的温度和压力条件下聚合物流过规定的毛细管的质量流动速率。这里报道的熔体指数是根据ASTM 1238,在190℃下使用2160g重物测定的,MI值以克/10分钟为单位记录。这里描述的热塑性组合物适于通过挤出加工制备膜和多层结构。
这里使用的术语“箔”指薄的柔性金属膜或片材,尤其是铝膜或片。它也指其中至少一层铝被粘着到其它材料的附加层上的多层结构,前提条件是该多层结构的至少一面是铝层。
术语“乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物”包括烷基部分含有四个碳原子的乙烯和丙烯酸丁酯的共聚物。“乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯(缩写为EBA)”指乙烯(缩写为E)和丙烯酸丁酯(缩写为BA)的共聚物。值得注意的是,从丙烯酸正丁酯共聚单体(EnBA)制备的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物。值得注意的是,从丙烯酸异丁酯共聚单体(EiBA)制备的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物。优选的是EnBA共聚物。
引入到乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物中的丙烯酸丁酯共聚单体的相对量,原则上能够在从总共聚物量的几个wt%到高达40wt%或甚至更高的范围内广泛地变化。乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物中存在的丙烯酸丁酯基团的相对量,可被视为确定所得乙烯共聚物被看作是极性聚合物组合物为何种程度和到什么程度。
优选地,丙烯酸丁酯共聚单体在乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物中具有5-30wt%,可选择地,7-27wt%含量范围,更优选15-30wt%,可选择地,17-27wt%。
乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物可由聚合物领域众所周知的方法,使用高压釜或者管式反应器制备。共聚反应可以在高压釜内以连续生产过程进行:乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯、和任选的溶剂如甲醇(参见US专利5,028,674),和引发剂一起被连续加入在US 2,897,183中公开的那一类型的搅拌式高压釜中。添加速率取决于变量,如聚合温度、压力、和丙烯酸丁酯单体在获得共聚物的目标组成所需要的反应混合物中的浓度。有时,也希望使用调聚体,如丙烷,来控制分子量。反应混合物连续从高压釜中除去。反应混合物离开反应容器之后,共聚物由传统方法,例如在减压和高温下蒸发非聚合材料和溶剂,与未反应单体和溶剂(如果使用溶剂)分离。
管式反应器制备的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物不同于现有技术公知的更为普通的高压釜制备的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯。因此,对本发明来说,术语或短语“管式反应器制备的”乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物,表示在高压和高温下在管式反应器等反应器中制备的乙烯共聚物,其中,通过在管式反应器内沿着反应流路有意引入单体而削弱或部分补偿乙烯和丙烯酸丁酯各共聚单体的不同反应动力学的固有的结果。正如现有技术中一般公认的,此类管式反应器共聚合技术可以制备出具有沿着聚合物骨架的较大相对不均匀度的共聚物(共聚单体的更象嵌段的分布),倾向于减少长链支化的存在,并产生一种比在高压搅拌高压釜式反应器中以相同的共聚单体比制备的共聚物具有更高的熔点的共聚物。管式反应器制备的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物通常比高压釜制备的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物更有劲度、更有弹性。
这一性质的管式反应器制备的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物可从E.I.duPont de Nemours and Company(DuPont),Wilmington Delaware商购。
上述管式反应器乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物的实际制备优选在高温下的高压管式反应器中沿着该管附加引入反应物共聚单体制备,不能仅仅在搅拌式高温高压的高压釜型反应器中制造。然而,相似的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚材料可以在一系列高压釜反应器中制备,其中共聚单体置换是通过在US专利3,350,372、3,756,996、和5,532,066中公开的多区段引入反应物共聚单体来实现的,因而这些高熔点材料可以被认为是等同的。
对于另外的关于管式反应器制备的和高压釜制备的乙烯/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物的差异的一般讨论,参见Richard T.Chou,Mimi Y.Keating和Lester J.Hughes,“High Flexibility EMA made from High PressureTubular Process″,Annual Technical Conference-Society of PlasticsEngineers(2002),60th(Vol.2),1832-1836.CODEN:ACPED4 ISSN:0272-5223;AN 2002:572809。
适用于本发明的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物可从DuPont获得。可从DuPont获得的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物的特定例子参见表A。
表A
共聚物 | 丙烯酸丁酯wt% | 熔融指数(g/10min) |
EBA-1 | 7 | 1.1 |
EBA-2 | 7 | 1.1 |
EBA-3 | 17 | 1.5 |
EBA-4 | 17 | 1.8 |
EBA-5 | 27 | 4.3 |
EBA-6 | 17 | 7.4 |
可用于本发明的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物可在分子量上有变化,如表A的熔体指数范围所示。聚合物组分熔体指数(MI)等级的特定选择,通过将EBA在挤出层合中的可加工性与在箔和热塑性组合物之间的粘合的需要进行平衡来影响。优选的是具有约4-约12g/10min的MI的乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物。值得注意的是,EBA-5和EBA-6分别具有4.3和7.4g/10min的MI。
用于本发明的EBA组合物可以任选进一步包括诸如热和紫外(UV)稳定剂、UV吸收剂、抗静电剂、加工助剂、萤光增白剂、颜料、润滑剂等的添加剂。这些常用组分一般以0.01-20wt%、优选0.1-15wt%的量存在于用于本发明的组合物中,只要它们不破坏聚合物的粘合作用。
用于本发明的EBA组合物可以任选进一步包括约1-约30wt%、优选5-25wt%、更优选10-20wt%的聚烯烃,如聚乙烯或聚丙烯。聚烯烃可以被加到EBA组合物中以改进与聚烯烃基材的相容性。
任选可以任何已知的方法向组合物中引入此类常用成分。该引入可以通过例如干混、挤出各种成分的混合物、普通母料技术等实现。任选的聚烯烃也可以作为再循环方法的一部分被引入。
适用于本发明的聚烯烃可以是聚丙烯或聚乙烯聚合物和包括乙烯或丙烯的共聚物。聚乙烯(PE)和聚丙烯(PP)可以由任何本领域普通技术人员所知的方式制备,包括众所周知的齐格勒-纳塔催化聚合反应(例如,US 4,076,698和US 3,645,992)、金属茂催化聚合反应(例如,US5,198,401和US 5,405,922)、和自由基聚合反应。因为这些方式为本领域普通技术人员所熟知,为了简洁省略对其的描述。PE聚合物可以包括线性或支化聚乙烯如高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、LLDPE、极低或超低密度聚乙烯(VLDPE或ULDPE)、和LDPE。适用于本发明的聚乙烯的密度包括所有已知的PE并且能够是在0.865g/cc-0.970g/cc范围内。这里使用的线型聚乙烯可以引入α-烯烃共聚单体如丁烯、己烯或辛烯,以将它们的密度降至所述的密度范围。这里使用的术语“聚乙烯”一般指任何或所有上述的包括乙烯的聚合物。
PP聚合物可以包括丙烯的均聚物、无规共聚物、嵌段共聚物和三元共聚物。丙烯的共聚物包括丙烯与其它烯烃如乙烯、1-丁烯、2-丁烯和各种戊烯异构体等的共聚物,优选丙烯与乙烯的共聚物。丙烯的三元共聚物包括丙烯与乙烯和一种其它烯烃的共聚物。无规共聚物,也称为统计结构共聚物,是其中丙烯和共聚单体以相应于丙烯与共聚单体的进料比的比率随机分布于整个聚合物链上的聚合物。嵌段共聚物由由丙烯均聚物组成的链段和由,例如,丙烯和乙烯的无规共聚物组成的链段构成。这里使用的术语”聚丙烯”一般指任何或所有上述的包括丙烯的聚合物。与嵌段共聚物和它们的制备有关的另外信息可以在由D.C.Allport和W.H.Janes编辑、Applied Science Publishers Ltd在1973年出版的“Block Copolymers”的第4.4和4.7章中找到。
多层结构可以由包括挤出涂覆或层合的方法制备,包括在箔和聚烯烃膜基材之间铺设乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物组合物的熔体幕涂层,当与冷辊接触的同时箔和聚烯烃薄膜基材高速(例如约100-1000英尺/分和优选约300-800英尺/分)移动。熔体幕可以通过将乙烯/丁基共聚物组合物挤出一扁平模头来形成。当离开该口模时乙烯/丁基共聚物组合物的温度优选为约300-340℃,最优选约310-330℃。口模出口和冷辊间的气隙通常为约3-15英寸,优选约5-约10英寸。更高的温度通常引起更高的粘合值,但受聚合物热稳定性的限制。较低的线速度和较高的气隙也利于粘合。典型地,为了获得挤出层合中的最佳粘合,根据由气隙除以线速度所定义的气隙中时间(TIAG)应该为约50-100ms。参见V.Antonov和A.Soutar,1991 TAPPI PLC ConferenceProceedings,第553页。层压材料在冷辊上冷却,并以约100-1000英尺/分钟,优选约300-800英尺/分钟的线速度导出。
用于层压方法的膜实际上可以由本领域普通技术人员已知的任何方法制备。该膜可以是单层或多层聚合物膜。如此,膜和膜结构典型地是流延、挤出、共挤出、层压等方法制备的,包括各种方法(例如吹胀薄膜、机械拉伸等)的取向(单轴或双轴)。各种添加剂可以存在于包括粘结层等在内的各膜层中。添加剂可以是一种或多种抗氧化剂、热稳定剂、紫外(UV)光稳定剂、颜料和染料、填料、消光剂、防滑剂、增塑剂、抗粘连剂和其它加工助剂等。
膜可以根据任何已知方法制备。例如,基膜可以通过使用所谓的“吹胀薄膜”或“扁平口模”法挤出组合物来制备,这是本领域普通技术人员所熟知的。吹胀薄膜可以通过将聚合物组合物挤出经过环形口模和用气流使所得管形膜膨胀来提供吹胀薄膜而制备。流延平膜可以通过将组合物挤出经过扁平口模来制备。离开口模的膜被至少一个含有内部循环流体的辊(冷却辊)或水浴冷却以提供流延膜。
膜可以在膜的即刻骤冷或流延之外进一步取向。该方法包括挤出熔融聚合物层流、骤冷挤出物和在至少一个方向取向骤冷挤出物的几个步骤。“骤冷”描述在低于其熔点下充分冷却以获得固态膜材料的挤出物。
膜可以是非取向、单轴取向(例如纵向)、或双轴取向(例如纵向和横向)。为了获得满意的机械和物理性能的结合,膜优选在所述膜平面的两个互相垂直的方向上双轴取向。
单轴或双轴拉伸膜的取向和拉伸装置是现有技术已知的,并且可以被那些制备本发明膜的本领域普通技术人员采用。此类装置和方法的例子包括,例如,在US专利3,278,663、3,337,665、3,456,044、4,590,106、4,760,116、4,769,421、4,797,235、和4,886,634中公开的那些装置和方法。
吹胀薄膜可以使用双膜泡挤出法取向,其中,同步双轴取向可以通过下述步骤完成,即,挤出初级管,该管随后骤冷,重加热,然后由内部气压引起膨胀以诱导横轴取向,以及由差速辊隙或传送辊以诱发纵向取向的速度拉伸。
获得取向吹胀薄膜的方法在本领域中称为双膜泡技术,可以按照在US 3,456,044中公开的方法来进行。初级管可以由环形口模中熔融挤出。这一挤出的初级管可被快速冷却以使结晶最小化。然后它被加热到取向温度(例如通过水浴)。在膜制造装置的取向区段中,经充气吹胀形成次级管,从而膜在横向呈放射性膨胀,并在一定温度下在纵向被拖曳或拉伸,以致膨胀出现在两个方向,优选同时出现;管的膨胀伴随有急剧的、突然的在拉伸点的厚度的缩减。然后管型膜通过夹辊被再次平整化。该膜可以被再吹胀和经历退火步骤(热固化),在此步骤中它被再次加热以调整收缩性能。
在一个实施方案中,膜通过引起该膜的聚合物链一般在挤出方向上排列的挤压方法来形成。经过高度单轴取向的线性聚合物在取向方向具有相当大的强度,但在横向具有较小的强度。这种排列可以增加膜在挤出方向的强度。
用于本发明的膜可以通过电晕放电、臭氧或该工业中的其它标准方式进行处理,虽然所述处理对于与EBA粘合层的良好粘合是不需要的。使用EBA组合物作为粘合层将膜层压到基材如箔上以得到本发明的多层结构。多层结构的粘合通常通过提高EBA层的厚度获得改进。EBA层的厚度优选为约10-40微米,最优选约15-30微米。
多层结构包括(a)至少一层箔;(b)至少一层乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物组合物;(c)至少一层热塑性聚烯烃组合物;和任选(d)选自纸、聚酯类如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚酰胺类、聚乙烯-乙烯醇、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物及其离聚物、聚偏氯乙烯和酸酐改性的乙烯均聚和共聚物中的材料。
多层结构可以根据上述方法制备,其中,使用EBA共聚物组合物作为粘合层将含箔基材(例如,通过层压或挤出涂覆制备)粘着到包括聚烯烃的膜上。含箔基材、包括聚烯烃的膜(或二者)可以是多层结构。
值得注意的是,包含下述层的多层结构:包括取向聚酯(尤其是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)的层、包括乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物的层、包括箔的层、包括乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物组合物的层、和包括聚乙烯的层。还值得注意的是,包括下述层的多层结构:包括箔的层、包括乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物组合物的层、和包括聚丙烯的层。
这里公开的多层结构用于包装应用或作为包装材料。它们也可以用作工业膜(例如,作为绝热片材的构件)。
包装材料也可以通过,例如,但并不限于印刷、压花、和/或着色被进一步加工以获得向消费者提供关于该产品的信息和/或提供具有令人喜欢的包装件外观的包装材料。
这些包装材料可以通过现有技术公认的标准方法制成包装件如小袋。相应地,本发明提供包括如上所述多层结构的包装件。
下列实施例仅仅用于解释本发明,不作为对这里所述的和/或这里提出权利要求的本发明的范围的限制。
实施例
用于制备层压材料的一般程序
层压材料使用挤出层合法制备。基材A通过使用粘合层B与基材C相结合。
基材A
在实施例1至8中,基材A是取向聚酯(OPET)和铝箔的层压材料:13微米OPET/19微米具有7wt%AA的乙烯/丙烯酸(E/AA)共聚物/9微米铝箔。OPET是由DuPont Teijin Films供应的Melinex7100。(E/AA)共聚物是Nucrel30707,由DuPont制造的具有7%AA的乙烯丙烯酸共聚物。基材A是通过使用直径4.5英寸、长126英寸的单螺杆挤出机(出口温度321℃),将E/AA共聚物经过配有40英寸宽(内部框调幅到29英寸)Cloeren边缘珠粒缩减口模(具有30密耳的缝隙)的在321℃和500ps的背压下操作的ER-WE-PA供料头挤出来制备的,以便形成铺设在箔和OPET层之间的19微米厚的层。模塞和刮板设定值分别是2.25和1.5英寸。口模出口和辊隙(挤出物接触箔和OPET膜的地方)之间的气隙是8英寸。然后所得组合体在10℃下操作的冷却辊上通过。线速度是500英尺/分钟。
粘合层B
在下述实施例中用于层压粘合层B的树脂被列于表1,其中MA代表丙烯酸甲酯,EA代表丙烯酸乙酯,BA代表丙烯酸丁酯和AA代表丙烯酸。树脂e和f是用于制备本发明多层结构的本发明层压方法中的EBA树脂。树脂a是可以与EBA树脂共混形成用于本发明(或用作对比例的粘合剂组合物)的EBA/PE组合物的一种聚乙烯组合物。表1所列的其它树脂用于制备对比例。
表1
树脂 | MI(g/10min) | 共聚单体 | Wt.% | Mole% | 高压釜(A)或管式(T) | 备注 |
abcdefghi | 7966746711 | NoneMAMAEABABAMAAAAA | 01391317272073 | 04.63.14.74.37.48.32.81.2 | ATTTTTAAA | 0.918g/cc,LDPEEBA-5EBA-6 |
基材C
基材C是由80%的丁烯LLDPE(由Nova制造的Sclair 11E1)和20%的高压LDPE(由Nova制造的Novapol LF-0219A)制成的50μ厚的聚乙烯吹胀薄膜。该膜在具有8英寸直径的Victor口模的Welex吹胀薄膜线上制备。引出速度是38英尺/分钟,霜白线高度是26英寸,吸胀比是2.7,平折(layflat)是34英寸。模隙是千分之十五英寸。加工温度是210℃。
层压材料A/B/C通过使用直径4.5英寸、长126英寸的单螺杆挤出机挤出粘合用聚合物来制备。来自挤出机的挤出物流经配有40英寸宽(内部框调幅到29英寸)Cloeren边缘珠粒缩减口模(具有30密耳缝隙)的ER-WE-PA供料头,刮板设定值是1.5英寸和模塞设定值是2.25英寸。粘合层B铺设在基材A和C之间,使它与基材A的箔层相接触。
实施例使用的测试方法
剥离强度:从接近层压材料中心的位置,在纵向切下一英寸宽的带材。除非另作说明,所述层在A-B界面分离并在拉伸试验机上在室温下以12英寸/分钟的分离速度按“T-剥离”配置进行托拉。分离这些层所需要的平均力除以宽度被记为剥离强度。五个分别测定的结果一起平均而获得所给的平均值(表中的值圆整到最接近的10,数值结果为5结尾,按4舍5入调高为整数)。还记载了标准偏差(Std)。参见ASTM F904。原始剥离强度在制备该结构后的四个小时内测量。同一样品的剥离强度通常在50%相对湿度、23℃受控环境下贮存一、四和六个星期后被再次测量。
记载于表2-5中的破坏模式由下述描述符表征:
P=完全干净地从基材剥离,
LS=B/C膜层分离,
E=当其从基材脱离时剥离臂伸长,
D=C层从B层剥离而B层和A层贴在一起,和
FT=箔撕裂。
实施例1,C1-C3
层压材料A/B/C通过使用挤出机出口温度为321℃、气隙为8英寸、线速度为500英尺/分钟、冷却辊温度为10℃、引入为-0.6英寸和夹辊压力为60psig的条件来制备。宽度跨越740mm,夹辊与冷却辊接触长度是约13-约15mm。层B的厚度为约0.6-约0.8密耳。
表2
实施例 | 层B | 对箔的剥离强度,g/in | |||||||||||
原始 | 1星期 | 4星期 | 6星期 | ||||||||||
平均 | 标准 | 模式 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 | ||
1C1C2C3 | fahi | 12403107201070 | 12020120380 | E/PPPLS,P,D | 1390220660630 | 5010200220 | E/PPPP,P/D | 14702407501060 | 4010230340 | E/PPPP,EP,PD | 1530240590910 | 2010110520 | E/PPPP,E/LS,P,E/P |
实施例2-4,C4-C9
层压材料A/B/C通过使用挤出机出口温度为321℃、气隙为8英寸、线速度为500英尺/分钟、冷却辊温度为10℃、引入为-0.5英寸、和夹辊压力为60psig的条件来制备。宽度跨越740mm,夹辊与冷却辊接触长度是约13-约15mm。层B的厚度为约0.6-约0.8密耳。
表3
实施例 | 层B | 对箔的剥离强度,g/in | |||||||||||
原始 | 1星期 | 4星期 | 6星期 | ||||||||||
平均 | 标准 | 模式 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 | ||
234C4C5C6C7C8C9 | fe80%f,20%aah*gbcd | 112011401190260740640760530930 | 12016016010160309050130 | P,P/LSP,P/LSPPP/LSPP,D,LSPE/P,LS | 12601250E/P/D11802303705907305101020 | 14019016010103012040200 | E/PE/P,PPPPP/D,LSPP/D,LS | 1460130013302303106108305101240 | 13023016010601014040350 | E/PP,E/P,P/DP,E/PP+PP/D,LSPP,D,LS | 14101350146023013071011606901030 | 4040401010160220200150 | P/D,LSLS,E/P/DLSP+E/PD,E/PPP,LS |
*282℃离开挤出机和口模。
+来自粘结层的PE
实施例5-8:挤出温度的效果
层压材料A/B/C通过使用树脂f作为层B,气隙为8英寸、线速度为500英尺/分钟、冷却辊温度为10℃、引入为-0.5英寸和夹辊压力为60psig的条件来制备。宽度跨越740mm,夹辊与冷却辊接触长度是约13-约15mm。层B的厚度为约0.6-约0.8密耳。挤出温度在约545-约326℃之间变化。
表4
实施例 | 挤出温度℃ | 对箔的剥离强度,g/in | |||||||||||
原始 | 1星期 | 4星期 | 6星期 | ||||||||||
平均 | 标准 | 模式 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 | ||
5678 | 285303314326 | 80079011201170 | 17020150180 | P,LSPPP | 71081010201210 | 16050100200 | P,LSPE/P,PE/P,P | 51072011801560 | 21040210310 | P,LSPP,E/P. | 51077012901600 | 12070100310 | PPP,E/PE/P |
*E/P,LS,E/P/D
实施例9和10:铝箔与BOPP的层压。
在实施例9和10中,基材A是30微米厚的铝箔,粘合用聚合物层B是树脂f,基材C是双轴取向聚丙烯(BOPP,17MB400级,由ExxonMobil制造的)。树脂f在直径为3.5英寸的挤出机中在330℃的熔体温度下被挤出。它被加入Egan供料头和具有外调幅框的T-slot口模。口模缝隙为0.7mm,口模宽度为720mm。冷却辊温度为12℃,气隙为150mm,线速度为100米/分钟。施加于夹辊上的特定力是5.4N/m。电晕处理设定的功率为4.5kW。
表5
实施例 | 基材A | 层B树脂 | 基材C | 原始PS,g/in对箔 | 原始PS,g/in对BOPP |
910 | Al箔Al箔 | ff | Corona-BOPPBOPP | 510-760760 | 510-760760 |
研究表1-5中剥离强度数据表明:使用乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物作为箔与聚烯烃层压中的粘合层,可提供显著更好的粘合,并且这一粘合作用可以长时间保持。
实施例11
基材A是与实施例1-8公开的相同的OPET/Nucrel/箔层压材料。粘合层B为表1中的“f”。基材C为购自日本Toray Plastics(gradeY117)的0.7密耳的OPP膜。层压材料A/B/C按照实施例1-8公开的方法制备。特定的加工条件是:涂布温度324℃、线速度400英尺/分钟、气隙6英寸、冷却辊温度10℃、夹辊压力60psig、和引入为-0.5英寸。
剥离强度的测定是在1星期和4星期时初始尝试。对箔或对OPP的剥离没有发生,表明粘合强度超过了OPP的撕裂强度。
实施例12和13
基材A是2密耳的铝箔。基材B为表1中的“f”。基材C是来自Applied Extrusion Technologies的0.6密耳的OPP膜(gradeB602),其在一侧进行电晕放电处理而在另一侧不作处理。层压材料A/B/C按照实施例1-8所述制备。特定的加工条件是:涂布温度321℃、线速度500英尺/分钟、气隙8英寸、冷却辊温度10℃、夹辊压力60psig、和引入为-0.5英寸。结果示于表6,其中实施例12的二级基材是已处理的OPP,实施例13是未处理的OPP。
表6-对箔的剥离强度,g/in
实施例 | 原始 | 一星期 | 四星期 | ||||||
1213 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 | 平均 | 标准 | 模式 |
12101120 | 10095 | PL,S,P | 15001430 | 12090 | PeelP,P/T | 16101530 | 120225 | P/D/TP/D/T |
测定层B和层C(粘结层和OPP)之间剥离强度的尝试没能发生剥离。它表明粘合强度超过OPP的撕裂强度。
Claims (7)
1.一种多层结构,其包括以下各层或从以下各层生产:至少一层箔,优选铝箔;至少一层乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物组合物,该组合物优选包括1-30wt%聚烯烃;至少一层热塑性聚烯烃,它优选是聚乙烯、聚丙烯、或聚乙烯和聚丙烯二者;和任选的至少一个附加层,该附加层包括以下物质或从以下物层生产:纸、聚酯、聚酰胺、乙烯-乙烯醇、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物或其离聚物、聚偏氯乙烯、酸酐改性乙烯聚合物或它们两种或多种的组合。
2.根据权利要求1的多层结构,还包括至少一个附加层。
3.根据权利要求1或2的多层结构,其中乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物是在管式反应器中制备的。
4.根据权利要求1、2、或3的多层结构,其中箔是铝箔。
5.一种包括在权利要求1、2、3、或4中所述多层结构的或从该多层结构制备的包装件。
6.权利要求5的包装件,其被制成小袋。
7.包括在箔层和热塑性聚烯烃组合物层之间结合或挤出乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物组合物的方法,从而生产出权利要求1、2、3或4所述的多层结构。
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-
2004
- 2004-10-15 CN CNA2004800376921A patent/CN1894095A/zh active Pending
- 2004-10-15 AU AU2004281270A patent/AU2004281270B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-15 BR BRPI0415579-3A patent/BRPI0415579A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-10-15 EP EP20040795495 patent/EP1675720B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-15 JP JP2006535403A patent/JP5080809B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-15 WO PCT/US2004/034347 patent/WO2005037539A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-10-18 US US10/967,519 patent/US8137776B2/en active Active
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102152543A (zh) * | 2010-12-14 | 2011-08-17 | 郑勇 | 具有铝箔漫反射面金属光泽的聚乙烯镀铝薄膜 |
CN102211431A (zh) * | 2011-03-07 | 2011-10-12 | 苏州海顺包装材料有限公司 | 一种药品包装用冷冲压成型复合硬片 |
CN110028729A (zh) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-19 | 苏州亨利通信材料有限公司 | 铠装缆用铝塑复合带 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2005037539A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
US20050106344A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
JP2007510558A (ja) | 2007-04-26 |
US8137776B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 |
BRPI0415579A (pt) | 2007-01-02 |
EP1675720A1 (en) | 2006-07-05 |
AU2004281270B2 (en) | 2010-05-06 |
AU2004281270A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
JP5080809B2 (ja) | 2012-11-21 |
EP1675720B1 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
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