CN1705953B - Active interferometric signal analysis in software - Google Patents

Abstract

Techniques are provided for performing active interferometric signal analysis in software. The techniques exploit expressor functions designed to extract spectral invariants of events of interest associated with an arrayed platform device used to detect the signal pattern to be analyzed. Various techniques for generating expressor functions are also provided. Depending upon the implementation, the techniques provide for both detection and quantitation analysis by exploiting either constructive or destructive interferometric analysis using reverberant convergence to detect resonance events. The techniques achieve software emulation of wave-particle interactions and wave-wave interactions and can operate in either the frequency domain or the phase domain. The techniques may be used for analyzing static spatial systems, static data from arrayed measurement platforms, dynamical systems, spatio-temporal systems or plasma systems.

Description

Active interferometric signal analysis in the software

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to the active signal analytic system, particularly the interferometric signal analysis system.

Related application

The application is application on August 9 calendar year 2001, the Application No. 09/913 that is entitled as " Method and System forSignal Detection in Arrayed Instrumentation Based on QuantumResonance ", 132 part continuation application, Application No. 09/913,132 is national phase application of the PCT application number US00/04076 of application on February 17th, 2000, require on February 22nd, 1999 to apply for, the Application No. 09/253 that is entitled as " Method andApparatus for Analyzing HybridizedBiochip Patterns using ResonanceInteractions Employing Quantum Expressor Functions ", 789, present U.S. Patent number 6,136,541 right of priority, all applications are all incorporated into by reference at this.Based on Application No. 09/253, the following patent of the application that 789 same times submitted to is also all incorporated into by reference at this: the U.S. Patent number 6 that is entitled as " Method and Apparatusfor Interpreting Hybridized Bioelectronic DNA Microarray Patterns UsingSelf-scaling Convergent Reverberant Dynamics ", 142,681, with the U.S. Patent number 6 that is entitled as " Method and Apparatus for Exponentially Convergent TherapyEffectiveness Monitoring Using DNA Microarray Based Viral LoadMeasurements ", 245,511.Following temporary patent application is also all incorporated into by reference at this: application on July 9th, 2002, the Application No. 60/395 that is entitled as " Active Signal ProcessingTechnique Using ResonanceInterferometry ", 074, application on July 29th, 2002, the Application No. 60/399 that is entitled as " High-ThroughputQuantitation of Signals from Arrayed Platforms UsingResonance Interferometry ", 227, application on September 3rd, 2002, the Application No. 60/408 that is entitled as " Technique for Analysis andQuantitation of ArrayedInformation Structures ", 057, application on September 5th, 2002, the Application No. 60/408,844 that is entitled as " System and Method for Analysis and Quantitation ofArrayed Platforms ".Application No. 60/440,253 on January 15th, 2003 application, that be entitled as " Technique for Detection and Quantitation of ArrayedPlatform Signals ".

Background technology

1. passive and active interferometric signal analysis is summarized

Verified, interference analysis is for carrying out signal analysis, particularly in the detection signal pattern (signal patterns) for example the concern incident (events of interest) in the two dimensional image be useful.An example of interference analysis comprises, utilizes for example aircraft of moving target of radar pulse irradiation, and these radar pulses and this target interact and interfere with each other, and reflected back is given for example antenna of a sensing device then.The signal that antenna is received and the signal of original transmission compare, and detect the spectrum signature of the uniqueness of this target as possible, so that discern this target.The interference analysis of this form is called as " active analysis ", because be used to shine signal and this target and other signal interaction of concern incident, initiatively to revise resulting interference pattern.In other words, just initiatively changed in analyzed system.With regard to radar, pay close attention to incident electromagnetic field on every side exactly and initiatively changed.

A kind of replacement type of signal analysis is " passive assay ", and wherein detected signal is processed, discerns the concern incident as possible therein.Concrete example comprises the filtering image of attempting to strengthen feature in image.These technology are considered to passive, because do not have noise or other signal to be added into just in analyzed system.Particularly, passive interference analysis generally includes, under the situation that does not add noise or other signal, and the observed intensity mode or the processing of phase information.Usually, the passive assay system adopts parametric technique, for example matched filter techniques, maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) technology, maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) technology, svd (SVD), classical Fourier analysis, parameter distribution troop (PCA) or median filter variable.Also can use nonparametric technique.In addition, can also use quantitatively and clustering technique, for example " computed in software " and variant thereof, it comprises neural network, fuzzy logic system and Bayesian inference system.Though many passive assay technology are used, each is requirement all, and the intensity of observation signal appears at wherein background signal greater than it.In addition, any variation (variability) in necessary correct estimated background signal of analytic system and the correct estimated background signal.In some cases, (spread spectrum, S-S) the amplitude correlativity is provided with background deduction, and it is non-linear to adopt calibration and normalization to compensate detecting device for spread spectrum.Therefore, have various restrictions for passive assay, especially can not detected intensity less than or approach the signal of background intensity level.

With regard to the analysis of heterozygosis (hybridized) biological micro-array pattern, up to now, passive assay is unique form of the analysis of execution always.Briefly, the output of the signal mode of biological micro-array is standardized, with compensation dyeing, scanner or array influence.Then, to the feature of background signal, transcribe (transcript) or chip (chip) level is made an estimation.Then, background correction from prospect, and calculate the ratio of prospect subtracting background, close the differential expression of injection-molded to quantify representative.This calculating usually is to utilize channel recently to carry out.Under any circumstance, the example of the passive assay of heterozygosis digitized image pattern comprises PCA, SVD, MLE, hidden Markov model (HMM) and various statistical method.Because this technology is passive, thereby is subjected to restriction recited above easily, especially, only transcribe can be detected for the heterozygous genes on estimated background.In addition, the lofty tone in having the target of low expression occurs with changeability (call variability), and the high CV in the folding change calculations takes place.When processing had the platform of limited dynamic range or agreement, deflection result (Skewed results) can take place.Be typically, passive heterozygosis analytical technology requires the data and the sample of enormous quantity, to allow to drive the accurate of this statistics of calling analysis.Up to now, the effort that improves the accuracy and reliability of the passive techniques be used to analyze the heterozygosis digitized image comprises that wet (wet) signal enlarges and biological the enhancing.It has been minimum that the calculating of passive assay strengthens.

So after this, computer system has been confined to carry out passive assay very much, and active analysis is only to be carried out by hardware system to a great extent.

2. hardware based active signal analysis

Utilize hardware based active interferometric signal analysis, external drive is provided for analyzed system, and system analyzed be for a kind of interaction is provided, interacting produces other information or some variations in system's qualitative property is provided.Be typically, external drive comprises that the noise of certain form injects, and this causes the non-linear coupling between noise and the analyzed intrasystem concern incident, and it has strengthened these incidents.As mentioned above, the example that active signal is handled (ASP) is a radar, and wherein being injected into the intrasystem signal of being analyzed is radar signal.Another example is superconductive quantum interference equipment (SQUID), and it utilizes the quantum effect of superconduction to detect magnetic field.Some other example comprises image intelligent (IMINT), signal intelligent (SIGINT), electronic intelligence (ELINT) equipment.In addition, active signal has been used to the femto laser instrument.Although these hardware based systems provide enhancing signal in some environment, the manufacturing of this type systematic and operating cost costliness, and can only physical manipulation or produce very specific signal of type.

3. harmonic technology at random

Typical active system of another that realize in software or technology are resonance at random, wherein noise are applied to analyzed an image or a system, to improve the signal to noise ratio (snr) of output.Utilize resonance at random, according to the bistable state nonlinear dynamic system detecting device is carried out modeling, it is enhanced by applying the sinusoidal forcing function of additional random noise element and one-period.When SNR along with the increase of noise level during through a maximal value, resonance produces at random.The amount of the noise that is applied in by suitable selection can strengthen the concern incident, so that the signal below the background can be detected.

Be to adopt the noise source resonance at random of standard Gaussian noise pattern for example utilize classics traditionally.But interchangeable is to adopt the resonance at random of the quantum noise that utilizes a definite form.In this respect, what shown is, irradiation with bistable system of weak resonance laser field causes long-life relevant tunnel motion, its amplitude is as the function of lax (relaxation) speed of two-bed system and field intensity, showed quantum resonance (QSM) (referring to Makarov DE.Makri N. " Stochastic resonance and nonlinear response indouble-quantum-well structures " Physical Review (4): R2257-R2260 B.52,1995Jul 15) at random.In essence, QSR is the enhancing of the driven quantum mechanical system responses that causes of quantum noise.

In any case so far, traditional resonance at random and QSR only are used for a little dynamic system, and the system at time dependent number of signals strong point promptly only is provided.Strengthen at random that another technology of resonance is that so-called array strengthens resonance (AESR) at random, its at random resonance expand to two-dimentional dynamic system, although still be subject to static system.Though make moderate progress, AESR typically is subject to has the very analysis of the system of small freedom of motion.

Thereby most of traditional active signal analytic systems do not realize in software, and those analytic systems that realize in software have sizable restriction usually.Therefore, desirablely be, new or improved technology are provided, be used for realizing at software the processing of active signal, for these targets, each scheme of the present invention is suggested.By realize the active signal analysis in software, all advantages relevant with the software systems on the hardware system can be utilized, and comprise lower expense, enhanced flexibility, enhanced robust, portability or the like.

Especially, be desirable to provide an active signal disposal system that in software, realizes, can in an assembled state space, detect the concern incident in space, time or the space-time system, wherein state space be disperse with continuous, wherein ground unrest is astable.Ideally, system can analyze the signal of receiving from the various variants of array platform detector configurations (what comprise linear, array, spectrum changed with the time), and can handle the N property system.In addition, ideally, improved system can analyze has signal and the background ratio is 10 ^-4Signal.For the analysis of the biological specimen that is applied to the microarray platform, this subsystem or technology can detect and quantitatively special heterozygosis (for example genome incident) and special combination (binding) incident (for example protein bound incident) ideally.In relating to genome range, it (is that array provides every array 10 that system should be able to handle from high density gene expression microarray ²To 10 ⁶Individual spot (spot)) data, it has represented the system of index (spatiallyindexed) on discrete, the space, and this system has high probe density (is every spot 10 ⁶To 10 ⁹Individual probe).

Summary of the invention

According to the present invention, provide the technology of in software, carrying out active interferometric signal analysis.The enforcement of dependence technology, grow (constructive) or (destructive) interference analysis that disappears mutually (or combination long mutually and that destructive interference is analyzed) mutually by adopting, this technology provides two kinds to detect and quantitative test, and these analysis and utilizations reverberate convergence (reverberant convergence) and detect the resonance incident.This technology can realize the software simulation of wave-particle interaction (wave-particle interactions) and wave-wave interaction (wave-wave interactions), can work in frequency domain or phase field.This technology can be used for analyzing static space system, the static data from the array measurement platform, dynamic system, space-time system or plasma system.

In brief, this technology adopts expressor function, and the expressor function is designed to refuse any interaction noise or the background clutter from the possible concern incident in the analyzed array data.More specifically be, the design of expressor function is for extracting the spectral invariant of possible concern incident, and the concern incident is with to be used for detection arrays array of data equipment relevant.Various scheme of the present invention all is devoted to the generation of expressor function.Typically, the expressor function is designed to comprise the non-Gaussian noise of a definite form, for example quantum noise, pseudo noise, stable (polycyclostationary) noise of many rings, stable (cyclostationary) noise of ring, steady state noise, astable noise or system's biasing.Preferably, before the array data application table was reached subfunction, array was pretreated, array data is transformed into a spectral domain, wherein composed harmonic wave and paid close attention to incident to a pre-service dynamic system with parametric representation.Pre-service can be carried out by using a pre-service function, the pre-service function comprises, for example 1-D Fourier function, 2-D Fourier function, N-D Fourier function, Time Division Multiplexing function, wavelength-division multiplex (WDM) function, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) function, radial basis function, small echo kernel function, fractal (fractal) function or soliton function.Array data self can be space 1-D array, space 2-D array, spatial point transmitter array, time point transmitter array, event transmitter array, spectrum point transmitter array or the form of the virtual array that constitutes by the apart point transmitter of combination.

According to an exemplary method, provide a technology to be used to the having seedbed to analyze a signal mode representing array data, with identification concern incident wherein.Represent a signal mode of array data to be transfused to, produce mode of resonance based on the interference between composite noise and the signal mode.Next step, the resonance in the mode of resonance relevant with the concern incident is detected.Preferably, this signal mode of pre-service before the step that signal mode is applied composite noise.

In first exemplary system embodiment, just be called as here in " open loop interference system ", system is provided to be used to analyze the array signal pattern that the array platform device produces, with the concern incident in the identification signal pattern.This system comprises an expressor function input block, and this unit is used to import the expressor function of previous generation, and function can extract space, space-time or the spectral invariant of the concern incident relevant with the specific array platform device that is used.System also comprises a pretreatment unit, is used for the array signal pattern is carried out pre-service.An active interference coupler is used for pre-service array signal pattern and expressor function are carried out convolution (convolve), to interfere ground to strengthen the part of the pre-service pattern relevant with the concern incident, if the concern incident exists, then be present in the pretreated pattern.System also comprises a resonance identification detector, and it is used to discern the generation of the concern incident in the signal mode after the convolution.

In second exemplary system embodiment, here be also referred to as in " goal-oriented interference system ", this system that is used to analyze the array signal pattern comprises an expressor function input block that is used to import the expressor function of previous generation, with a self-adaptation interference coupler that is used for pre-service array signal pattern, with array signal mode switch to a spectral domain, simultaneously signal mode and expressor function are carried out convolution, in order that the part of interfering ground enhancing signal pattern is with identification concern incident, if the concern incident exists, then be present in the signal mode.

In the 3rd exemplary system embodiment, here be also referred to as in " interference system of self-organization ", this system comprises a pretreater that is used for pre-service array signal pattern, with an expressor function adaptive unit, this unit produces pretreated expressor function based on the expressor function (promptly with the irrelevant universal expression subfunction of the particular platform that is used) of the standard of input with based on a pretreated signal mode, interfere ground to strengthen the part of described pretreated signal mode simultaneously with identification concern incident, if this concern incident exists, then be present in the signal mode.

In the 4th exemplary system embodiment, here be also referred to as in " interference system of iteration ", this system comprises an expressor function input block that is used to be input as the expressor function of the previous generation that the platform that is used obtains, and is used for a pretreater and iteration convolution coupling mechanism of pre-service array signal pattern.This system also comprises an adaptive controller unit controlling coupling mechanism, with iteratively with selectively with expressor convolution of functions to a pretreated signal mode, and up to obtaining the predetermined degree of convergence, the concern incident in the signal mode that strengthens with identification.

The present invention proposes and in software, carry out the various technology that active signal is analyzed, the embodiment of method, system and computer product is provided.

Description of drawings

According to detailed description hereinafter, when with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is more obvious that characteristics of the present invention, purpose and advantage will become, and wherein similarly reference symbol is all being represented corresponding sign in the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a calcspar, the general introduction of the system unit of first exemplary embodiment of the present invention (open loop interference system) is provided, and this embodiment provides independent expressor function generation unit, pretreater, active interference coupler and resonance identification detector parts;

Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram, and the general introduction of the method step that is used for first exemplary embodiment of the present invention is provided;

Fig. 3 is a calcspar, and the general introduction of the system unit of second exemplary embodiment of the present invention (goal-oriented interference system) is provided, and this embodiment provides a self-adaptation interference coupler;

Fig. 4 is a process flow diagram, and the general introduction of the method step that is used for second exemplary embodiment of the present invention is provided;

Fig. 5 is a calcspar, and the general introduction of the system unit of the 3rd exemplary embodiment of the present invention (interference system of self-organization) is provided, and this embodiment provides an expressor function adaptive unit;

Fig. 6 is a process flow diagram, and the general introduction of the method step that is used for the 3rd exemplary embodiment of the present invention is provided;

Fig. 7 is a calcspar, and the general introduction of the system unit of the 4th exemplary embodiment of the present invention (interference system of iteration) is provided, and this embodiment provides an adaptive controller that is used for controlling iteratively an independent iteration interference system;

Fig. 8 is a process flow diagram, and the general introduction of the method step that is used for the 4th exemplary embodiment of the present invention is provided;

Fig. 9 has illustrated can be by the combination of the array data signal mode of any embodiment processing of the present invention; With

Figure 10 has illustrated the combination of pre-service function and expressor function, and it can be used in combination with any embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 1 l has illustrated and can adopt an exemplary plane matrix detecting device of the present invention and active interference analysis system;

Figure 12 has illustrated the various plane matrix detecting devices that can be used in combination with any embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 13 has illustrated the structure of an exemplary array platform that is used to produce array data, and this array data can be used for any embodiment of the present invention; With

Figure 14 is a process flow diagram, summarized at least the group method of the present invention according to one of them exemplary embodiment.

Embodiment

With reference now to accompanying drawing,, exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described.

A. open loop interference system

1. general introduction

Fig. 1 has described the exemplary system parts that are used for first exemplary embodiment of the present invention on a higher aspect.The left side shows the parts that only use in the design phase; The right shows the parts that use in the actual analysis process of an input signal.In brief, during the design phase, expressor function generating unit 100 special characteristics based on plane matrix detecting device 102, and based on the calibration data that from plane matrix 102, obtains, produce one or more deviser's expressors (designer expressor) function, plane matrix detecting device 102 is used to detect will processed signal mode.Calibration data is based on known concern incident and is produced.In other words, comprise the input signal of known concern incident or physical samples and be applied to detecting device to produce calibration data.In one example, the plane matrix detecting device is a genome (genomic) biochip/microarray, and calibration data is to obtain from the biological specimen that comprises the known expression formula.The layout and its coherent noise or the background signal feature that comprise array by the feature of the plane matrix detecting device of expressor function generating unit input.In case produced the expressor function based on calibration data for the particular platform array detector, the design phase just is done, then, expressor function generating unit just no longer needs, unless adopted the plane matrix detecting device of a replacement.

The parts that use during the actual motion stage of system comprise, produce the above-mentioned plane matrix detecting device 102 of detection signal pattern, pretreater unit 104 with pre-service detection signal pattern, (signal mode is converted to an example of the technology of a spectral domain signal mode is converted to a spectral domain, please refer to the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 10/430664 of application on May 5th, 2003, title is " Method and System for Characterizing MicroarrayOutput Data ", by reference it is all incorporated into) herein, wherein compose harmonic wave and pay close attention to incident to a predetermined dynamic system (for this reason, applicable feature is imported into this pretreater unit) with parametric representation.The operation phase parts also comprise an active interference coupler 106, and it carries out convolution to pretreated signal mode and the previous expressor function that produces.Carrying out convolution is in order to strengthen the part of the pretreated signal mode relevant with the concern incident with interfering, if the concern incident exists, then to be present in the pretreated signal mode.Convolution is carried out by reverberating convergence, and with the enhancing that analogue active is interfered, this will be explained below.At last, this system also comprises a resonance identification detector 108, and its signal mode after to convolution is handled to discern specific concern incident, if the concern incident exists, then appears in the signal mode after the convolution.

Except the plane matrix detecting device, it is a physical hardware components, and all other parts can be realized in software, hardware, firmware or its certain combination among Fig. 1.Especially, each parts can be the computer product that is used to carry out described function.In one example, each parts is software modules moving in single general purpose programmable computer.In other cases, software module is to utilize independent microprocessor or special-purpose integrated chip (ASIC) and realize.Also have some examples to be, some parts are transplanted in the software, and other parts are realized with hardware fully.Can be understood that possible embodiment is consistent with the present invention on a large scale, does not attempt to describe all possible configuration here.

With reference now to Fig. 2, summarizes method step relevant among Fig. 1 briefly with the open loop interference system.Although these steps are advantageously to be carried out by the system among Fig. 1, these steps can be carried out by any other suitable system.On the contrary, the system among Fig. 1 or its part can be used to carry out and be different from method shown in Figure 2.In various other accompanying drawings in the present patent application also is like this.In any case, in step 110, be transfused to from a signal mode that from the particular platform array detector, obtains, in step 112, be designed to be transfused to for the expressor function of concern incident extraction spectral invariant, the concern incident is detectable by the particular platform array.Then, in step 114, the signal mode of input is pretreated so that signal mode is transformed into spectral domain, wherein composes harmonic wave and pays close attention to incident in above-mentioned pre-service dynamic system with parametric representation.In step 116, utilize then and reverberate convergence pretreated signal mode and expressor function are carried out convolution, with the active interference partial enhanced of the simulation signal mode relevant, thereby produce a signal mode (this paper also is referred to as the signal mode of an enhancing) after the convolution with the concern incident.In step 118, the signal mode after the convolution is detected with identification concern incident wherein at last.

Be to be noted that in step 112, do not need to import a series of particular attention given incident.On the contrary, this technology is used for only detecting the possible concern incident that input pattern exists based on input pattern and the previous expressor function that produces.Therefore, the technology among Fig. 2 is not only to be used for seeking to determine whether specific pretreated concern incident appears at a diagnostic techniques of the signal mode of input.This will be more readily understood according to the example that hereinafter describes in detail.

2. exemplary embodiment

Now at length in the key drawing 1 various parts or in Fig. 2 performed math equation in the process of wide variety of method steps.In this example, adopted quantum expressor function.But it is as described below, revise on demand under the situation of equation in the factors such as extraction core length (extraction core length), platform coherence and expectation susceptibility that depend on such as signal and background intensity, analyzed concern incident, other expressor function replacedly uses.

Exemplary equation is relevant especially with condition, and wherein background is 10 to 1000 times of signal intensity.

At first, in the design phase, the expressor function generating unit 100 input plane matrix detector feature among Fig. 1 are expressed as on the mathematics:

Ψ[Ω(N，M，T，Λ)]

Wherein (T Λ) represents to extract core corresponding to a pre-service of one or more concern incidents Ω for N, M.Symbol N (0:n), M (0:m), T (1:k), Λ (0:p) represent space, time and the spectrum dimension of array platform physics or virtual described among Figure 11 respectively.Pre-service provides in the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 10/430664 application, that be entitled as " Method and System for Characterizing Microarray Output Data " on May 5th, 2003 corresponding to the detailed content of the extraction core of the incident of concern.

Expressor function generating unit is also imported calibration data (j sample), is expressed as on the mathematics:

Based on the calibration data of input, the calculating that provides below is provided in expressor function generator unit.

In certain embodiments, (QEF ' s) be based on one or more concern incidents is that the based signal pattern is calculated to quantum expressor function.QEF produces by following steps:

(a), select coupling rotation boson (Spin Boson) basic system of a standard by regulating the Hamilton function for the first time for this system;

(b) be that Hamilton function (Hamiltonian) calculates harmonic amplitude | P _m|

(c) produce an order function (OF)

(d) utilize sample to measure conveying (entrainment) state of OF with basic true value data (ground truth data); With

(e) utilize the calibration sample to modulate OF to produce QEF

The sample of the complete characterization of concern incident is used to produce a QEF that platform is specific.Using the Hamilton function, is because these functions provide the Fundamentals of Mathematics that are used to determine in the dynamic behaviour of the system of each coordinate and each momentum.The Hamilton function system by kinetic energy and potential energy further by characterization.They are conservations to a key characteristic of Hamilton function system in relaxation, do not have energy dissipation.Use as the rotation boson Hamilton function of the Hamilton function system of a special type allows to utilize quantum resonance phenomena at random.Hamilton functional equation and Hamilton function are suitable for understanding well the notion in the dynamic system theory and the dynamic equation of motion.(referring to " Theory and Problems of LagrangianDynamics ", Ed.Dare A.Wells, Schaum ' s Outline Series, McGraw-HillCompany, NY, 1967, pages 316-321; Elements of Hamiltonian Mechanics ", Dter Haar, Pergamnon Press, 1960, pages 95-102; And " StatisticalMechanics ", R.K.Pathria, Pergamon Press, Toronto, 1972, pages 6-7,136-147).

QEF encodes to quantum noise, to drive the sequence in an asymmetric bistable state quantum-mechanical system.The appearance of resonance requires the energy of this two states asymmetric.Be that transition makes up a rate equation between the two states of a bistable system, like this, according to the rate of transition Ф between two kinds of asymmetric quantum overlaying states+and Ф-, this dynamically can be by characterization, and wherein (interwell) rate of transition is more many slowly than relaxation rate between well between driving frequency and well.The signal to noise ratio (snr) of such overlapping system is as follows:

$\mathrm{SNR}=\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{4}\frac{{\mathrm{\Φ}}_{+0}}{1+\exp [{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_0/{\mathrm{\κ}}_B{T}_0]}{\left[\mathrm{\δ}\right[\frac{\mathrm{\ϵ}}{{\mathrm{\κ}}_{B}T}\left]\right]}^2\mathrm{\ϵ}$

κ wherein _BBe Boltzmann (Boltzmann) constant, T is a temperature, and asymmetric energy ε is as follows for Sine Modulated:

ε＝ε ₀+δ _ε×cosω _st

C(τ)＝<n ₊(t+τ|q ₊，t)n ₊(t|q _o，-∞)>

For above bistable system, power spectrum S (ω) can be represented by the Fourier transform of C (τ), comprises a general Lorentz broadband noise background, and the δ-peak of function when ω=0, driving frequency ω _sAnd and harmonic wave.The related function of a measurement of quantum noise be by C (t)=＜n _{+ i}(t) n _{+ I}(t+ τ)〉provide each n wherein _{+ I}=0 or 1, this＜point out the mean value of a plurality of data point i of obtaining at the interval that equates, and provide by it

At state q ₀T afterwards+probability of quantum state provides as follows:

n ₊(t|q _o，-∞)

Hamilton function commonly used is coupled to all (ensemble) of harmonic oscillator to said system, provides as follows:

In above-mentioned Hamilton function, ε represents asymmetric energy, and △ is the tunnel matrix element, and σ _iBe the Pauli rotation matrix, ξ _ηBe to have frequencies omega _ηA harmonic oscillator creation operator.

An important aspect is that exporting with pretreated discrete microarray after the conversion is coupled to a mathematical model, and this mathematical model is used to have the quantum mechanics dynamic system of special characteristic.The specific exemplary parameter of using in calculating the Hamilton function is to be proposed by following article, be A.J.Legett et al., Reviews of Modem Physics, 59,1,1987and A.O.Caldiera and A.J.LegettAnnals of Physics, 149,374,1983.Parameter is important for the off-line simulation of this rotation boson system on digital machine.Then, the observable of experience is collected, and is used for estimating and calculate spectral property that this is the actual use of this method.

The experience of said system or the actual parameter of analysis will be worked with present technique because the robustness of this method only rely on the integral body of this system representation and qualitative features with and the details of spectrum harmonic wave.This is important, because this method is insensitive to the nuance and the special feature of reality driving mathematic system basically.

The information of relevant environmental impact is included among the spectral density J (ω):

$J\left(\mathrm{\&omega;}\right)=(\mathrm{\&pi;}/2)\&times;{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}_{\mathrm{\&eta;}}{V}_{\mathrm{\&eta;}}^2\mathrm{\&delta;}(\mathrm{\&omega;}-{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_{\mathrm{\&eta;}})$

Harmonic amplitude determines a progressive state S ^∞(ω) weight of the δ spike of averaging spectrum power density.ε represent to rotate and the boson system between stiffness of coupling, P ₀Definition lacks the equilibrium state of driving force.Power spectrum density (PSD) is the notion of a fine understanding in the signal Processing, and is the basis of many computational algorithms.For being divided into a spectrum signal paying close attention to wave band, power spectrum density is one group of measured value as the average power in each bands of a spectrum in form, and each bands of a spectrum is standardized by bandwidth.Formal definition can " Cyclostationarity in Communications andSignal Processing ", Ed.William Gardner, and 1994, IEEE Press, NY finds among the pages46-47.

The power amplitude η of m the frequency component in equilibrium state space _mUtilize equation to calculate:

η _m(Ω，ε)＝4π|P _m(Ω，ε)|

Phase shift is provided by following formula:

The parsing of external force is provided by following formula:

$P_m(\mathrm{\&Omega;},\mathrm{\&epsiv;})=\frac{\mathrm{\&gamma;}}{\mathrm{\&gamma;}-\mathrm{im\&Omega;}}\frac{2{\mathrm{\&omega;}}_c}{\mathrm{\&pi;}}h(-\mathrm{im\&Omega;},\mathrm{\&gamma;})$

Parameter γ, ε ₀Be be scheduled to and be special design.Typically, 0.001 and 0.0001 value is to be used for γ and ε separately ₀In above-mentioned expression formula | the weight of the pulse δ of Pm| decision averaging spectrum power density.

For some embodiment, design QEF as follows: the power spectrum density amplitude of power spectrum density (PSD) amplitude of the pretreated concern incident of extracting and above-mentioned rotation boson system is mated, so that markers at random and that determine is complementary, and make the markers feedback coupling to noise statistics and degree of asymmetry.Present technique adopts an iteration conjugate gradient relaxation method fully automatically, be used for asymmetric basic system with change after, compose coupling between the pretreated extraction core.The details of determining to depend on the employed bioelectronics substrate of actual analysis of QEF.But this method is blanket to all array implement examples.In addition, this method is highly telescopic (because off-line design transaction-space time (offlinedesign trade-space time) is irrelevant with the complexity of calculating) to the array dimension.Because system is a coupled system by multiple factor decision, the stable resonance efficiency that directly relates to the downstream of convergence criterion and relaxation method.

The generation of order function

The generation of the order function (OF) of basic true value is as follows.Order function (OF) is used for basic true value, and wherein basic true value represent a state, and it is the pixel intensity that is used for developing the selected sample that QEF uses that one of them positive signal to noise ratio (snr) is hoped.

The order function of classics uses with following form:

$H\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=-\underset{k=-\&infin;}{\overset{\&infin;}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{h}_k{Z}_k{e}^{-2\mathrm{\&pi;ik\&theta;}}$

Wherein $i=\sqrt{-1},$

$h_k=\underset{0}{\overset{1}{\&Integral;}}\mathrm{d\&theta;h}\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)e^{-2\mathrm{\&pi;ik\&theta;}},$

0＜θ＜1

:

$h_k=\underset{0}{\overset{1}{\&Integral;}}\mathrm{d\&theta;h}\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)e^{-2\mathrm{\&pi;ik\&theta;}}$

Be called as Di Yaduo (Diado) integration.

In this was used, QEF was that this dynamic system obtains from gang's index system according to the dynamic system design of standard.The Daido integration is a particular item that is used to make up order function, and order function is used to make up QEF then.

OF utilizes an order to mate and calculates, and order mates the variation of the density function that means certain index family near 0 (0.000001-0.0001).The free energy of density function is as follows:

$p\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}}\underset{-\&infin;}{\overset{\&infin;}{\&Integral;}}{\mathrm{\&xi;}}^a{\mathrm{\&xi;}}_b{e}^{\left[\mathrm{i\&lambda;}(X_a^b-x{\mathrm{\&delta;}}_a^b)\right]}\mathrm{d\&lambda;}$

ξ wherein ^aAnd ξ _bRepresent state vector, X _a ^bRepresent the observable at random in the symmetric bilinear form, λ representation feature function, the extracted amount that the MS that is used to control oneself is annotated in the relevant sample of reference target comes the calculated characteristics function (referring to D.C.Brody and L.P.Hughston, " Geometryof Quantum Statistical Inference ", Physics Review Letters, 77 (14), pp.2851-2855,1996).

The decision of feed status

The result of the Daido theory of carrying from the multiple-limb of coupling nonlinear oscillator has been used in OF derivation (derivation), wherein many different feed statuss coexistences.For example, carrying out a priori of carrying measures.This obtains by utilizing an approximate Daido integration, the Z in the zone when the Daido integration occupy border when the concern incident＞expectation detection threshold _k=PSD maximal value (referring to Physics Review Letters, 77 (7), 1406-1411).The multiplier constant is to be used to guarantee Z in advance _kTest below satisfying:

● maximum power spectral densities (PSD) coupling; With

● norm L on even harmonics ₂＜e, wherein (Barrier) limit in the e=NS-MRF resistance, suppose be complete space at random (CSR) suppose, this comes into question in U.S. Patent number 6136541, patent name is " Method and Apparatus for Analyzing Hybridized BiochipPatterns using Resonance Interactions Employing Quantum ExpressorFunctions ", by reference it is all incorporated into herein.Be pointed out that NS-MRF is meant astable Markov random field representation.

Partly adopted the notion of feed status, handled as special circumstances of the coupling nonlinear oscillator in the balance because this method will be included in corresponding to the spectra system in the extraction core of the incident of concern.But because the imperfection of equipment, signal decay and other restriction, the bonding state of many conveyings (being background and clutter condition) can coexist.When OF be Z order peak value the time (but each pay close attention to the incident centre of form unimodal around), a PSD is desirable.Unimodal shortage means that concern incident is undesirable or does not exist.It shows that also the resonance track (being maximum S R enhancing place) of this method is obtained.

Basic true value based on the OF modulation

As described below, the OF of basic true value is modulated to produce QEF.Under controlled calibration, as mentioned above,, obtain maximum SNR and strengthen (optimum resonance) when OF produces one when unimodal.This is an important design point, is used for coupling rotation boson system matches to synthetic QEF.The particular form of the QEF that is used is the parameter of the general OF shown in top.Like this, this illustrative methods adopts two intensions of OF: (a) parametric form of QEF (it more approaches classical field formalism) and (b) Exponential Attractor of a dissipative system (attractor).These two OF are coupled then again, with the sample convolution that makes up the employed spectrum transition of QEF.

Resulting QEF is provided by following formula:

Typically, have only 3 to 25 PSD peak values to be considered for the spectrum coupling.

QEF utilizes a matrix or array preferably to utilize matrix or array to come digitizing ground expression, this matrix or array after wanting analyzed spectrum conversion with pretreated extraction core in have identical quantity element.In this exemplary embodiment, this belongs to the pre-service that rearmounted heterozygosis microarray intensity output is carried out, so that it becomes the form that can carry out convolution with quantum expressor function.

Main limit restriction among the QSR that this illustrative methods is avoided relates to being complementary with definite markers and the asymmetric dynamic system of coupled outside at random in " domain system ", because this has limited the practicality of continuous data.Add up the requirement that (statistical mechanics of being responsible for producing the signal projector that closes injection-molded) replaces markers to mate with the overall space that above-mentioned generator is represented, can begin the analysis of one group of new fully discrete system.Need satisfy the condition that maximizes QEF generator ability by the derivation signal projector, a QEF who suitably makes up and regulate can extract and strengthen a whole group of concern, to produce one or more expressor functions, be expressed as on the mathematics:

$Q^0:\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{q}({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="q"\; filenames="S03819154719960408E000091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_1,{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="q"\; filenames="S03819154719960408E000091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">q</figure-callout>}}_2,...,q_p)$

B. pre-service

Be expressed as on the signal mode output mathematics of plane matrix detecting device 102

I(N，M)

Pretreatment unit 104 utilizes input signal pattern to carry out mathematical computations to produce pretreated output mode signal, details are referring to U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 10/430664 application, that be entitled as " Methodand System for Characterizing Microarray Output Data " on May 5th, 2003, by reference this patented claim is all incorporated into, described pretreated output mode signal is expressed as on mathematics herein:

Ω(N，M)

C. convolution coupling

Active interference coupler 106 utilizes pretreated signal mode to carry out following mathematical computations: Be defined as a vector, it comprises the pretreated component from the incident of concern, and

${\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{\left(i\right)}={\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{(i-1)}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q}}^{\left(i\right)}$

Q wherein ⁽¹⁾Represent the QEF after the convolution i time.Thereby

${\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{\left(1\right)}={\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{\left(0\right)}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q}}^{\left(1\right)}$

${\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{\left(2\right)}-{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{\left(1\right)}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q}}^{\left(2\right)}={\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{\left(0\right)}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q}}^{\left(2\right)}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q}}^{\left(1\right)}$

Wherein The QEF that representative produces in step before and (its dimensionless quantity (dimensionless quantity))

Wherein Representative is to the i time disturbance of QEF, and this is to cause by carrying out disturbance to one in its spectral component.

Beginning k=1 is to the circulation of n

The circulation (being set at a big respective value) of beginning j=1 to 1000

The k component of disturbance QEF is as follows:

Q ^j(k)＝[Q ^j-1(k)+jC ₁sin(w ₀j+C ₁)] ⁺

Wherein

${\left[x\right]}^{+}=\left\{\begin{array}{ccc}x& \mathrm{if}& x\&GreaterEqual;0\\ 0& \mathrm{if}& x<0\end{array}\right\}$

And

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="C"\; filenames="S03819154719960408E000091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{2\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{360}\right);$ represents a little constant;

Make w ₀=according to the variance that is worth calculating down,

F wherein _PcExpression is corresponding to the pretreated spectrum vector of the known concern incident that occurs in just analyzed array pattern.As an example, f _PcThe spectral component of expression positive control.The convolution iteration can be represented as:

$R_{\mathrm{kj}}=\frac{{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{(j-1)}\&CenterDot;{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q}}^j}{f_{\mathrm{nc}}^{(j-1)}\&CenterDot;{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{Q}}^j}$

F wherein _NcThe spectral component of a standard negative control of expression, or known in array image the pretreated track (footprint) of non-existent concern incident.

After each convolution iteration, check its monotonicity

$\frac{R_{\mathrm{kj}+2}}{R_{\mathrm{kj}+1}}>1\mathrm{AND}\frac{R_{\mathrm{kj}+1}}{R_{\mathrm{kj}}}>1$

If, then withdraw from circulation, (this means that this specific k component is important, promptly we have broken away from negative control to carry out overall QEF iteration.)

If not, then continue

Finish the j circulation

Finish the k circulation

Disperse if detect dullness between just analyzed pretreated extraction core and standard negative control, then can carry out overall QEF iteration, all then spectrum harmonic waves repeat same convolution coupling operation.Overall situation QEF iteration is provided by following:

Be provided with ${\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{r}}^0={\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{q}}^{(j+2)}$

For m=1 to 25 (selection is a little count value)

Calculate ${\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{r}}^m={\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{r}}^{m-1}+(m+j){\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="C"\; filenames="S03819154719960408E000091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_1\sin ({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_0(m+j)+C_1)+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m\; C"\; filenames="S03819154719960408E000091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}{C}_{}{}_2\sin ({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_{1m}+C_2)$

ω wherein ₁Capture component

With

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="S03819154719960408E000091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_2={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="C"\; filenames="S03819154719960408E000091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_1+\mathrm{\&epsiv;}\left(\frac{\mathrm{ParsevalAvgfromPos}.\mathrm{Con}.\mathrm{PM}}{\mathrm{ParsevalAvgfromNeg}.\mathrm{Con\; PM}}\right)$

Variance

Wherein Parseval Avg from Pos.Con.PM standard referring to known existence Pa Sai of paying close attention to incident cuts down your type quantity, and Parseval Avg from Neg.Con.PM refers to the Pa Sai that a known non-existent standard pays close attention to incident and cuts down your type quantity.

Selected ε is less, and 0.0001.

After each coupling mechanism iteration, calculate R once more _m

$R_m=\frac{\left({\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{j+m-1}\right)\&CenterDot;\left({\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{r}}^m\right)}{\left({\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}_{\mathrm{Nc}}^{j+m-1}\right)\&CenterDot;\left({\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{r}}^m\right)}$

Calculate R continuously _m, R _M+1, R _M+2...

Check after each convolution iteration

$\frac{R_{m+2}}{R_{m+1}}>1\mathrm{AND}\frac{R_{m+1}}{R_m}>1$

If satisfy the condition of above-mentioned test, then resonance is concluded, and thinks that the concern incident exists.

If the monotonicity test crash then utilizes following expression that pretreated test pattern is standardized.

If for any component

${\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{\left(j\right)}-{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{(j-i)}>{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}_{\mathrm{pc}}^{\left(g\right)}-{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}_{\mathrm{Nc}}^{\left(c\right)}$

Then

${\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{\left(j\right)}={\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{\left(j\right)}-\left(\frac{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{\left(j\right)}-\mathrm{\&Sigma;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{f}}^{(j-1)}}{25}\right)$

Target of hypothesis has the spectrum harmonic wave of 25 concerns above.

The detailed equation that is used for coupler unit and resonance detector cell is as follows:

Beginning j=1 is to the circulation of N

$\mathrm{\&Delta;j}\&RightArrow;j+1=\frac{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}(f_i\&CenterDot;{\hat{Q}}^{j+1,\mathrm{pm}}/\mathrm{\&Sigma;}(\mathrm{ND}{F}_i^{0,\mathrm{pm}}\&CenterDot;Q^{j+1})}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}(f_i^{o,\mathrm{pm}}\&CenterDot;Q^{j,\mathrm{pm}})/\mathrm{\&Sigma;}(\mathrm{NC}{F}_i^{g,\mathrm{pm}}\&CenterDot;Q^{j,\mathrm{pm}})}$

$\begin{array}{c}{Q}^{j+1}\\ j\&NotEqual;k\end{array}=\stackrel{{^}^j}{Q}$

$\begin{array}{c}{Q}^{j+1}\\ i=k\end{array}=\left[\begin{array}{c}\stackrel{{^}^j}{Q}\\ i=k\end{array}+({\mathrm{\&phi;}}_c\&CenterDot;j)\sin (w_{0}j+{\mathrm{\&phi;}}_c)\right]$

$\mathrm{Check}\frac{{{\mathrm{\&Delta;}}^2}_{j-1,j+2}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;j}}>1$

$\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;j}+1\&RightArrow;j+2}{\mathrm{\&Delta;j}\&RightArrow;j+1}>1|\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;j}\&RightArrow;j+1}{\mathrm{\&Delta;j}\&RightArrow;j}>1$

${\mathrm{\&phi;}}_c=\frac{1}{3}\&CenterDot;\frac{2\mathrm{\&pi;}}{360}$

QEF _r+1＝{QEF _r+A(j，r)+B/r}

B=f (w wherein ₁)

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="W"\; filenames="S03819154719960408E000091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">W</figure-callout>}}_1=\mathrm{\&sigma;}\left(\frac{\sqrt{{\mathrm{PSD}}_{\mathrm{pm},\mathrm{njc}}}}{\sqrt{\mathrm{man}{\mathrm{PSD}}_{\mathrm{pm},\mathrm{njc}}}}\right)$

And

A＝φ _c(j+r)·{sin(w ₀(j+r)+φ _c)}

$B={\mathrm{\&phi;}}_{c_1}r)\&CenterDot;\{\sin (w,\left(r\right)+{\mathrm{\&phi;}}_{c^1})\}$

${\mathrm{\&phi;}}_{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="c"\; filenames="S03819154719960408E000091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}^1}={\mathrm{\&phi;}}_c+\mathrm{\&epsiv;}\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}_1}{{\mathrm{\&sigma;}}_2}\right)\{=0.0001\}$

$W_0=\mathrm{\&sigma;}\left(\frac{{\mathrm{PSD}}_{\mathrm{QEFpc},\mathrm{pm}}}{\max \left({\mathrm{PSD}}_{\mathrm{QEF};\mathrm{pc},\mathrm{pm}}\right)}\right)$

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="W"\; filenames="S03819154719960408E000091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">W</figure-callout>}}_1=\mathrm{\&sigma;}\left(\frac{{\mathrm{PSD}}_{\mathrm{QEF},\mathrm{NC},\mathrm{pm}}}{\max \left({\mathrm{PSD}}_{\mathrm{QEF},\mathrm{NC},\mathrm{pm}}\right)}\right)W_0\&ap;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="w"\; filenames="S03819154719960408E000091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">w</figure-callout>}}_1$

D. resonance sign identification

At last, resonance identification detector 108 utilizes the convolution signal pattern to carry out following mathematical computations, with the concern incident in the identification convolution signal pattern.

When

$\frac{{{\mathrm{\&Delta;}}^2}_{j-1,j+2}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;j}}>1$

$\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;j}+1\&RightArrow;j+2}{\mathrm{\&Delta;j}\&RightArrow;j+1}>1|\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;j}\&RightArrow;j+1}{\mathrm{\&Delta;j}\&RightArrow;j}>1$

Or surpass existing " N " (as 10 as iteration count t ³When iteration) (approaching) to simulating dynamic numerical value,

Stop the resonance iteration.

Preferably, the resonance iteration is carried out in the following way with being digitized: with a matrix of representing matrix application to an expression resonant excitation of resonance equation, connect the same matrix of paying close attention to the pretreated extraction of incident.

The net result of interference analysis is reading of position, and wherein resonance takes place, and (i j) discerns by the row and column numeral.

The resonance output of identification gene expression is explained

For example, about gene expression, in case extract to specific target and observe resonance peak by using QEF, destination address (the k of these positions, l) be mapped to physical features or gene form (it comprises the complementation relevant with the target location (complimentary) RNA or cDNA probe sequence), therefore but the gene of recognition expression if this gene exists, then is present in the analyzed sample.This is a simple enquiry form, can directly read by the name of expressing gene.

Be the open loop interference technique among overview diagram 1 and Fig. 2, array data is to pre-service independent execution before being coupled with the expressor function of spectral domain.Therefore, be independent of pre-service and be performed for obtaining the convergence of reverberating that resonant condition carried out by active interference coupler.Reverberate is that (as the observation of a resonance sign) handled in an open loop that ends at the detection of pretreatment condition.This active interference coupler has been realized the interference of long mutually or two dynamic systems that disappear mutually.

B. goal-oriented interference system

Fig. 3 represents the example system parts of second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.As mentioned above, only the parts that adopt in the design phase are that on the left side is represented, the parts that adopt in the actual analysis process of an input signal are to represent on the right.Those parts of representing among some parts of system among Fig. 3 and Fig. 1 are identical, therefore will be not described in detail.Equally, in the design phase process, expressor function generating unit 200 produces based on calibration data with based on the expressor function of the special characteristic of plane matrix detecting device 202, and in the operation phase process, this plane matrix detecting device produces a signal mode that is used to analyze.But, independent pretreatment unit is not provided.Any independent resonance identification detector is not provided yet.On the contrary, single self-adaptation interference coupler 204 is provided, its work is to carry out convolution with the part of interfering ground enhancing signal pattern and discern the concern incident (if exist to signal mode and expressor function, then be present in the pretreated signal mode) time, simultaneously the signal mode that is detected is carried out pre-service, with with the array signal mode switch to spectral domain.In addition, except plane matrix detecting device (it is a physical hardware components), other parts of all shown in Fig. 3 can be realized in software, hardware, firmware or its some combinations.

Be pointed out that self-adaptation interference coupler 204 is not only carried out previous associated components 104,106 and 108 described operations to Fig. 1.On the contrary, self-adaptation interference coupler 204 is carried out a different set of operation.In brief, utilize the technology among Fig. 3, coupling intelligence combines with pre-service, and the expressor function is coupled in the pre-service function in advance, can see more obviously from following detailed description.Convergence is reverberated with pre-service and is carried out simultaneously, and this is a closed loop program.Therefore, utilize the technology among Fig. 3, pre-service not only is converted to the spectrum data to the space array data, and changes the predetermined state of these data for predetermined dynamic system.Thereby self-adaptation interferes finishing of coupling procedure to comprise the detection of resonance sign, does not therefore need independent resonance label detection unit.

With reference now to Fig. 4, the method step of summarizing relevant goal orientation interference system briefly.In step 206, be transfused to from the signal mode of a particular platform array detector, in step 208, the expressor function that design is extracted spectral invariant by the detectable concern incident of this particular platform array detector is transfused to.In step 210, this input signal pattern is pretreated then, and so that this signal mode is transformed into spectral domain, simultaneously signal and expressor convolution of functions, an active interference of simulation part sub-signal pattern strengthens, with identification concern incident wherein.Above-mentioned technology is the same with utilizing, and does not need to import a series of particular attention given incident during the operation phase.On the contrary, this technology is used for only detecting the possible concern incident that input pattern exists based on input pattern and the previous expressor function that produces.

Those skilled in the art will understand, and the equation that provides above can correspondingly be provided, and the open loop interference system, and like this, resonance identify unit and convolution coupling unit can be merged, and check with the threshold value of carrying out resonance in the normalization process of back convolution.

C. self-organization interference system

Fig. 5 represents the example system parts of the 3rd exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Different with the system of foregoing description, do not need the independent design phase.On the contrary, all parts move in the actual analysis process of an input signal.In addition, those of some parts and foregoing description are identical, therefore will be not described in detail.In application, plane matrix detecting device 302 produces the signal mode of analyzing usefulness.This signal mode comes pre-service by pretreater unit 304, and as previously mentioned, pretreater unit 304 is used for signal mode is transformed into spectral domain, wherein composes harmonic wave and pays close attention to incident to a pretreated dynamic system with parametric representation.Then, this pretreated signal mode, and the feature of plane matrix detecting device, calibration data and one group of regulate expression subfunction are all imported by expressor function adaptive unit 306.This regulate expression subfunction is the universal expression subfunction, and it is not to employed particular platform customization.Independent design phase expressor function generating unit is not provided.Independent resonance identification detector is not provided yet.On the contrary, pretreated signal mode and pretreated expressor function are carried out convolution with the part of interfering ground enhancing signal pattern with identification concern incident in, expressor function adaptive unit 306 produces pretreated expressor function based on pretreated signal mode with based on the regulate expression subfunction.As mentioned above, except plane matrix detecting device (it is a physical hardware components), other parts of all shown in Fig. 5 can be realized in software, hardware, firmware or its some combinations.

Be pointed out that expressor function adaptive unit 306 is not only carried out the parts separately 100,106 of previous Fig. 1 description and 108 operation.On the contrary, utilize the technology of self-organization interference system, being coupled intelligent and reverberating power embeds the expressor function in advance, and the expressor function is not only the representative as the spectrum sign of technology in technology among Fig. 1 and 2 and Fig. 3 and 4 like this.From following detailed description, can see more obviously.Equally, although pretreatment unit is identical with technology among Fig. 1 and 2, the pre-service array is as the pretreater of expressor function now, thereby produces a suitable pretreated expressor, and himself is corresponding to the detection of resonance sign.Therefore, the generation of suitable pretreated expressor function and output cause the detection of the incident of paying close attention to.Because the expressor function is to the customization of pre-service array, they can not be used for other signal mode that the processing platform array detector detects once more.Equally, as what hereinafter will describe in detail, utilize the technology of self-organization interference system, the operation element of expressor function adaptive unit is on an inner closed loop.

With reference now to Fig. 6, the method step of summarizing relevant self-organization interference system briefly.In step 308, signal mode from a particular platform array detection applicator platform is transfused to, and in step 310, signal mode is carried out pre-service, so that this signal mode is transformed into spectral domain, wherein composes harmonic wave and arrive above-mentioned predetermined dynamic system with parametric representation concern incident.Then, in step 312, pretreated expressor function is produced based on pretreated signal mode with based on the feature of plane matrix detecting device and based on the concern incident.This is to utilize a closed loop program to carry out, and closed loop program has adopted and reverberated convergence, with an active interference enhancing of the simulation part original signal pattern relevant with the concern incident.Therefore, the generation of pretreated expressor function allows directly to detect the concern incident, and does not need further processing.As previously mentioned, during the operation phase, do not need to import a series of particular attention given incident.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the equation that provides above can correspondingly be provided, and the open loop interference system, like this, after the modulation of the OF that produces QEF, be exactly the convolution coupling immediately.

D. iteration interference system

Fig. 7 has represented the example system parts of the 4th exemplary embodiment of the present invention.As mentioned above, only the components list that adopts in the design phase is shown in the left side, and the components list that adopts in the actual analysis process of an input signal is shown in the right, and the parts of having described will be not described in detail.In the design phase process, expressor function generating unit 400 produces the expressor function based on calibration data with based on the specific characteristic of plane matrix detecting device 402, and during the operation phase, this plane matrix detecting device produces a signal mode analyzing usefulness.This signal mode carries out pre-service by pretreater unit 404, and as mentioned above, pretreater unit 404 is transformed into spectral domain with signal mode, wherein composes harmonic wave and pays close attention to time to one a predetermined dynamic system with parametric representation.406 pairs of pretreated signal modes of an iteration interference coupler and the previous expressor function that produces carry out convolution, to interfere ground to strengthen the part of the pretreated signal mode relevant with the concern incident, the concern incident is present in the pretreated signal mode.But, different with the technology of open loop interference system among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, wherein the convolution coupling mechanism is a standalone unit, it is used for utilizing the technology of Fig. 7 to produce final convolution signal pattern, the iteration interference coupler is worked under the control of adaptive controller 408, sequentially to produce iteration convolution signal pattern.As hereinafter explaining more comprehensively, adaptive controller is used to control interference coupler iteratively and selectively the expressor convolution of functions is arrived pretreated signal mode, up to the degree of convergence that obtains being scheduled to, to allow the identification of the concern incident in the enhancing signal pattern.Equally, except the plane matrix detecting device, other parts of all shown in Fig. 7 can be realized in software, hardware, firmware or its some combinations.

With reference now to Fig. 8, the method step of summarizing relevant iteration interference system briefly.In step 410, be transfused to from the signal mode of a particular platform array detector, in step 412, the expressor function that design is extracted spectral invariant by the detectable concern incident of this particular platform array detector is transfused to.In step 414, this input signal pattern is carried out pre-service then,, wherein compose harmonic wave and arrive above-mentioned predetermined dynamic system with parametric representation concern incident so that this signal mode is transformed into spectral domain.In step 416, pretreated signal mode and expressor function by the iteration convolution, to obtain reverberating convergence, are simulated the enhancing of relevant active interferometric signal pattern under the control of controller then, allow to detect the concern incident.As previously mentioned, during the operation phase, do not need to import a series of particular attention given incident.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the equation that provides above can correspondingly be provided, and the open loop interference system, like this, a plurality of QEFs are utilized to obtain an expectation level of resonance, if do not obtain an expectation resonance, select maximally related QEF after each convolution.

E. general characteristic

Described exemplary embodiment above, wherein the array data that the plane matrix detecting device is produced is handled with identification concern incident wherein.Various types of array datas all can be processed.Fig. 9 lists the examples of types of array data that can be processed.Shown example comprises space 2-D data, space 1-D data, some transmitter (emitter) data, time point emitter data, event emitter data, a spectrum point emitter data.Dissimilar array datas can be located in reason separately, or as directed, the virtual array that is combined and handles usefulness to produce.In Fig. 9, virtual array combiner operation of symbol ψ general proxy.For example, if 16 single some transmitters are provided, being combined or merging from the data of these 16 some transmitters produces single 4X4 virtual array and (as is expressed as f (x, y)).The operation that adds up of time of symbol tau general proxy, wherein single value was added up by the time, changed function or data array to produce the single time.For example, if single some transmitter, this transmitter can periodically be taken a sample, some values that add up, the function (as being expressed as f (t)) that the increase time changes.In some cases, the virtual array and the operation that adds up are performed to produce space-time data and (as are expressed as f (x, y, t)).

More particularly, Fig. 9 has represented:

(a) from the form of the Spatial Data of 2-D space array 500 be 2-D function h (x, y);

(b) form from the Spatial Data of 1-D space array 502 is 1-D function k (x);

(c) from the spatial data of one group of some transmitter 504 (for each some transmitter i, i=1...n provides the value that the single non-time changes) by virtual array combiner 506 be incorporated into single 2-D function h (x, y);

(d) time data from a single point transmitter 508 added up by 510 times of time totalizer, produced single 1-D function g (t);

(e) (put transmitter i from the space-time data of one group of independent some transmitter array 512 for each, i=1...n, provide the 2-D array value that the non-time changes), each is added up separately in time by time totalizer 514, produce function p (n separately, y t), is incorporated into the 2-D space-time function by virtual array combiner 516 conversely; With

(f) (put transmitter i from the spectrum data of one group of independent some transmitter 518 for each, i=1...n, output function f (λ) with wavelength variations is provided) be incorporated into the virtual spectrum array of 3-D by virtual array combiner 520, utilize the value that adds up in time by time totalizer 522 to produce a 4-D function g (x then, y, λ, t).

In addition, various types of array datas ((a)-(f)) can further be incorporated into a bigger virtual array (g) by virtual array combiner 524.Equally, the array data of any kind ((a)-(f)) can further be filtered by linearity or non-linear filtration device 526, to produce array function (h).Being integrated into of final data is represented as array data 528 in the chart.As will be appreciated, various array datas can be transfused to, and combination and operation are to produce the independent polynary input function that said system is handled.

In addition, various pretreater functions can be adopted,, various expressor functions can be produced for pretreated array is handled for array data being carried out pre-service.Figure 10 has listed specific example and polytype pre-service function of polytype expressor function.Expressor CWinInetConnection type is identified according to the type of the noise relevant with the expressor function.The example of expressor function comprises quantum expressor function (QEF), classical expressor function (CEF), the classical statistics noise is expressed subfunction (SCNEF), pseudo noise expressor function (PRNEF), system biasing (Systemic Bias) expressor function and based on the expressor function of many circulations static noise (PCS), circulation static noise (CS), static noise (SN), non-static noise (NS).The example of pretreater function comprises 1-D Fourier function, 2-D Fourier function, N-D Fourier function, Time Division Multiplexing function, wavelength-division multiplex (WDM) function, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) function, radial basis function, small echo kernel function, fractal function or soliton function.In a word, can adopt any combination of expressor type function shown in the chart and pretreater type function.

Figure 11 represents to comprise an example system 700 of biological plane matrix 702, and biological plane matrix 702 provides array data to arrive active interference analysis system 704 based on software.This plane matrix comprises a carrier 706, and various thereon probes 708 are bonded by bonding chemical part 710.In the example of Figure 11, probe comprises one or more cDNA, mRNA or oligonucleotide probes, protein, peptide or oligomeric peptide.Along with biological specimen, be applied to probe as blood or urine, detecting device 712 detects consequent pattern, and the form with array data is passed to analytic system then.Analytic system adopts one of above-mentioned general technology to discern the concern incident that is present in the biological specimen.In this sample, the concern incident is exported with the form of one or more " gene calls (gene call) " typically.

Can use various plane matrix detecting device to produce array data.Some examples of platform detecting device are listed in Figure 12.These examples comprise optical table, biomolecule platform, ion platform, biomechanics platform, photoelectron platform, radio frequency platform and other electronics micro equipment.Exemplary biomolecule space array platform comprises: heterozygosis spot cDNA microarray, synthesis of oligonucleotides nucleotide array, spot oligonucleotide array, peptide nucleosides chemical examination (assays), monokaryon glycosides polymorphism (SNP) array, the carbohydrates array, the glucoprotein array, protein array, protein group (proteomic) array, tissue array, antibody array, antigen array, biological assay, ordering microarray (sequencing microarrays), heterozygosis ordering microarray (sequencing by hybridization, SBH), siRNA duplex (siRNA duplexes), the array based on glass of RNAi array (RNAi arrays glass-based arrays), the nylon membrane array, membrane array, the polymeric substrates array, the Capillary Electrophoresis array, gene profile (genospectral) array, electronic array, pearl (bead) array, quantum dot array, the polysaccharide array, spot well (spotted wells) and spot well plate.Typically, above-mentioned any platform can be used as microarray and is performed.Figure 13 shows the parts of a typical microarray, comprises substrate, probe portion, label segment, biological assay part and a detecting device.Exemplary substrate comprises glass, nylon, film and polymkeric substance.Exemplary probe is C DNA probe, spot oligonucleotide (Spotted Oligo.) probe and synthesis of oligonucleotides nucleotide (Syn.Oligo.) probe.Example tag comprises 1-dyeing (1dye) label and 2-dyeing (2dye) label.Exemplary biological assay partly comprises pre-heterozygosis impact damper (Pre-hyb Buffer), heterozygosis impact damper (Hyb Buffer) and washing buffer device (Wash Buffer).Exemplary detectors comprises laser scanner, confocal microscope detecting device, charge (CCDc) and electronics reader.Substrate has specific layout, is showed by feature dimension, various control (positive and negative dyeing and alignment) and probe density.

Figure 14 provides the general introduction of an example technique of the present invention.In brief, the figure shows a signal mode being used to have the seedbed to analyze represent array data to discern the method for wherein paying close attention to incident.In step 700, represent the signal mode of array data to be transfused to, in step 702,, on the interference basis between composite noise and the signal mode, produce mode of resonance according to the technology of having described.In step 704, in the mode of resonance relevant, detect resonance then with the concern incident.The composite noise that uses in step 702 is preferably with the form of quantum expressor function, classical expressor function, classical static noise, pseudo noise, synthetic biasing or its some combinations.With described the same, the form of array data can be space 2-D array, space 1-D array, N-D array, time point transmitter array, event transmitter array, spectrum point transmitter array or the virtual array that constitutes by the apart point transmitter of combination.

The description that exemplary embodiment is provided is in order to make any those skilled in the art can make and utilize the present invention.The various modifications of these embodiment will become apparent to those skilled in the art that under the situation of not utilizing the concrete technical ability of the present invention general principle defined herein can be used for other embodiment.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to embodiment as described herein, and should be given the broadest scope that meets principle disclosed herein and novel features.

Claims (10)

1. one kind is used for the signal mode of the expression array data after the spectrum conversion is analyzed the active target guiding interference computing method of wherein paying close attention to incident to discern, and described method comprises the following steps:

Design one and use the expression formula function that particular spectral obtains;

The signal mode of the expression array data after the described spectrum conversion is coupled with the composite noise that spectrum is converted to, wherein said coupling comprises and adopts in convolution iteration and the global iterative one or two to be coupled, thereby based on the interference generation mode of resonance between the signal mode after described composite noise and the conversion of described spectrum; With

Identification resonance is to produce analysis result in the mode of resonance relevant with the concern incident.

2. method according to claim 1, the form of wherein said composite noise are one or more in the following form: quantum expressor function, classical expressor function, classical statistics noise, pseudo noise or system's biasing.

3. method according to claim 1, the form of wherein said array data are one or more in the following form: space 2-D array, space 1-D array, N-D array, time point transmitter array, event transmitter array, spectrum point transmitter array or the virtual array that constitutes by interblock space burble point transmitter.

4. method according to claim 1 further is included in before the coupling step, and described signal mode is carried out pretreated step.

5. method according to claim 4, wherein saidly described signal mode is carried out pretreated step carry out by using one or more pre-service functions, the form of this pre-service function is 1-D Fourier function, 2-D Fourier function, N-D Fourier function, time division multiplex function, wavelength-division multiplex function, frequency division multiplexing function, radial basis function, small echo kernel function, fractal function or soliton function.

6. method according to claim 1, wherein said array data results from an equipment, and this equipment is selected from following equipment: optical table, biomolecule platform, ion platform, biomechanics platform, photoelectron platform, radio frequency platform, electronics micro equipment.

7. method according to claim 1, wherein said array data results from an equipment, and this equipment is selected from following equipment: heterozygosis spot cDNA microarray, synthesis of oligonucleotides nucleotide array, spot oligonucleotide array, the chemical examination of peptide nucleosides, monokaryon glycosides polymorphism array, the carbohydrates array, the glucoprotein array, protein array, the protein group array, tissue array, antibody array, antigen array, biological assay, the ordering microarray, heterozygosis ordering microarray, the siRNA duplex, the array based on glass of RNAi array, the nylon membrane array, membrane array, the polymeric substrates array, the Capillary Electrophoresis array, the gene profile array, electronic array, the pearl array, quantum dot array, the polysaccharide array, spot well and spot well plate.

8. method according to claim 1, wherein said coupling adopts the convolution iteration to carry out, described convolution iteration comprises signal mode after the conversion of described spectrum and the convolution iteration between the described composite noise, in order to detect corresponding to the individual component of the expressor function of described composite noise by disturbance and to strengthen mode of resonance.

9. method according to claim 1, wherein coupling adopts global iterative to carry out, described global iterative comprises signal mode after the conversion of described spectrum and the global iterative between the described composite noise, in order to detect corresponding to whole components of the expressor function of described composite noise by disturbance and to strengthen mode of resonance.

10. method according to claim 1, wherein said coupling comprise two kinds of convolution iteration and global iterative.

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