CN113100442B - 一种蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片及其制备工艺,属于食品和保健品领域。所述的嚼含片按重量份数计包括以下组分:蜂王浆冻干粉20‑50份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉20‑50份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉5‑15份、赤藓糖醇5‑12份、助剂2‑5份。本发明通过组分的合理配比,能够显著改善睡眠、增强免疫力,具有抗疲劳、抗衰老、促进术后伤口愈合的功效;制备过程中对中华鳖和中华草龟进行全组分入药,并采用酶解、发酵、真空浓缩、真空干燥的方式,使中华鳖和中华草龟中的有效成分充分释放,突破了甲鱼和乌龟异腥味,保持了甲鱼乌龟营养成份不损失,提供的嚼含片,营养成分含量高,可常温贮藏、携带方便、服用便捷、易于消化吸收、卫生安全。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品和保健品领域,具体涉及一种蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片及其制备工艺。
背景技术
蜂王浆是一种高蛋白,其中蛋白质约占蜂王浆干物质的50%,其中有2/3为清蛋白,1/3为球蛋白,蜂王浆中的蛋白质有12种以上,此外还有许多小肽类。蜂王浆还含有脂肪、糖类和类似乙酰胆碱样物质,以及多种人体需要的氨基酸和生物激素等。蜂王浆含有9种固醇类化合物,目前已被鉴定出三种,它们是豆固醇、胆固醇和谷固醇。另外还含有矿物质,铁、铜、镁、锌、钾、钠等。蜂王浆含有维生素A和维生素B,尤其是B族维生素特别丰富。另外主要有硫胺素(B1)、核黄素(B2)、吡哆醇(B6)、维生素B12、烟酸、泛酸、叶酸、生物素、肌醇、维生素C、维生素D等,其中泛酸含量最高。蜂王浆是世界公认的保健食品,100多年来国内外研究已证实,王浆或王浆冻干粉具有改善睡眠、增强食欲、提高免疫力、抗疲劳、抗衰老作用。蜂王浆味甘酸、性平,入脾、肝经;有滋补,强壮,益肝,健脾的功效;用于病后虚弱、小儿营养不良、老年体衰、传染性肝炎、高血压病、风湿关节炎、十二指肠溃疡等症具有润燥通便的功效,绝大多数患习惯性便秘的患者,只要坚持长期口服足量的蜂乳,基本上都能摆脱便秘的困扰。蜂王浆能明显增强人体对多种致病因子的抵抗力,促进脏腑组织的再生与修复,调整内分泌及新陈代谢,还能有效地增进食欲,改善睡眠并促进生长发育,对人体有极强的保健功能和医疗效果。蜂乳能加强机体抵抗力及促进生长,口服或注射能增大红细胞的直径和网织红细胞的血红蛋白,血铁含量显著增加,并使血小板数目增多。长期服用蜂王浆可以促进食欲、增强体质,消瘦的人长期使用亦可增加体重,使人精力充沛、睡眠良好、心情舒畅。
临床医学上,王浆在提高老年人和体弱多病者抵抗力、改善营养不良、发育迟缓和皮肤新陈代谢、治疗更年期综合证、肝病、糖尿病、高血压、神经系统疾病、心血管疾病和作为抗肿瘤辅助作用。
中华龟鳖是中国几千年来的本土品种,是地球上的古老生物。亿万年前与恐龙共生。恐龙灭绝了,龟鳖却顽强地生存至今。龟鳖具有极强的生命力和长寿基因,有千年王八万年龟和龟年鹤寿的民间传说,给人类利用龟鳖养生保健提供了重要依据。千百年来,龟鳖作为食药同源的保健美食,在我国已积淀了很深厚的文化底蕴。
中华草龟,即乌龟。明代药学家李时珍在“本草纲目”中记载“介虫三百六十而龟为之长。龟,介虫之灵长者也”,“龟能通任脉,故取其肉以补心、补肾、补血,皆以养阴也”。中华草龟肉富含蛋白质、氨基酸及不饱和脂肪酸,含有钙、磷、铁等多种微量元素和多种维生素。具有滋阴补阳,散结调节免疫,增强免疫力,有抗疲劳和抗衰的功效。对肝肾阴虚、产后体虚,脱肛、子宫下垂及性功能低下等有较好的作用。
中华鳖,又称甲鱼,鳖肉味鲜美,营养丰富,是一种药食同源的高级养生补品。中医药认为鳖有活血消瘀,滋阴清补的功效,通常将它作为重病后体质虚弱或外科手术后促进伤口愈合的滋补保健食品。民间普遍认为,经常吃甲鱼有防治多种疾病,有防癌、治癌的作用,特别是对癌症病人化疗的血球低下、免疫力低下者有作用。
中华鳖含有18种氨基酸,富含二十碳五烯酸,简称EPA和二十二碳六烯酸,简称DHA为主的不饱和脂肪酸。又称欧米伽-3不饱和脂肪酸及微量元素钙和维生素,特别在甲鱼裙边里含有很高的维生素B17,是联合国卫生组织(WHO)认可的抗癌物质。
但是将蜂王浆和龟鳖肽混合使用的报道却很少,经检索中国专利申请2005100616211中公开了一种微米糖参西天龟鳖铬蜂胶降糖消疲颗粒、胶囊与片剂制备方法,该申请采用经高科技气流超细粉碎技术加工的微米党参粉、微米西洋参粉、微米红景天粉、微米龟板粉、微米鳖甲粉、微米甲基吡啶酸铬粉及蜂胶粉、异麦芽糖醇粉等原料组合加工成颗粒、胶囊与片剂。使中老年糖尿病人能在获得数十种营养物质的同时,还因添加了被誉为东方滋补瑰宝的微米党参粉、微米红景天粉等成分,使其更强化了滋阴降糖和抗疲劳、增强免疫力的保健功能。但是该申请中仅使用了龟板和鳖甲,营养成分未全部利用,并且只是对其进行了粉碎,容易造成有效成分的流失,并且服用时后感差,服用后吸收率低。
因此,亟需提供一种口感高,有效成分含量高,消化吸收率高的蜂王浆龟鳖肽组合物。
发明内容
基于现有技术中存在的问题,本发明旨在提供一种口感高,有效成分含量高,消化吸收率高的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片及其制备工艺。
本发明将蜂王浆冷冻干燥,减少其活性物质的损失,中华草龟肉和中华鳖整只鳖经过酶解、发酵、真空浓缩、真空干燥成小分子肽游离氨基酸。制备得到的嚼含片具有易于食用、消化吸收、携带方便、卫生安全,常温贮存时间长等优点,提供了一种改善睡眠,抗疲劳、抗衰老,促进手术伤口愈合和癌症化疗放疗增强体质的保健食品。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:
一种蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,按重量份数计包括以下组分:蜂王浆冻干粉20-50份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉20-50份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉5-15份、赤藓糖醇5-12份和助剂2-6份。
优选地,所述的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,按重量份数计包括以下组分:蜂王浆冻干粉25-45份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉25-45份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉8-12份、赤藓糖醇8-10份和助剂3-6份。
再优选地,所述的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,按重量份数计包括以下组分:蜂王浆冻干粉30-40份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉30-40份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉10-12份、赤藓糖醇9-10份和助剂4.5-6份。
所述的助剂为二氧化硅和硬脂酸镁;优选地,所述的助剂为质量比2:1的二氧化硅和硬脂酸镁。
在一些优选实施方案中,所述的蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉的质量比为1:1:0.1-0.5;
优选地,所述的蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉的质量比为1:1:0.2-0.4;
再优选地,所述的蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉的质量比为1:1:0.3;
本发明还提供了上述蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取新鲜优质蜂王浆过滤,研磨,冷冻真空干燥后粉碎过80目筛,备用;
(2)将活中华鳖和中华草龟宰杀去内脏、脂肪,清洗干净后破碎成块状,经酶解、发酵、真空浓缩、真空干燥后粉碎过120目筛,备用;
(3)按配方用量称取蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉混合搅拌均匀,得到混合料;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的混合料用95%的酒精均匀喷雾加湿制成颗料,烘干酒精后,得到颗粒;
(5)将步聚(4)制成的颗料压片,即得蜂王浆龟鳖肽片。
上述步骤(1)中所述的冷冻真空干燥的具体操作步骤为:步骤(1)中所述的冷冻真空干燥的具体操作步骤为:将研磨后的蜂王浆置于真空度为0.07MPa-0.09MPa,温度为-30℃--35℃的真空干燥箱中进行冷冻真空干燥20-26小时,得到蜂王浆冻干粉。
上述步骤(2)中所述的酶解步骤中使用酶选自蛋白酶;
优选地,所述的蛋白酶选自蛋白酶D和蛋白酶M的混合物;
再优选地,所述的酶为质量比1-2:1的蛋白酶M和蛋白酶D的混合物;
酶解过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加酶的质量比为1000:1-3(g/g)。
优选地,所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加酶的质量比为1000:1(g/g)。
所述的酶解温度为50℃-55℃,酶解时间为4-6小时。
上述步骤(2)中所述的发酵步骤中使用的发酵菌种选自枯草芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌中的一种或几种;
优选地,所述的发酵菌种选自酵母菌和/或枯草芽孢杆菌;
再优选地,所述的发酵菌种为质量比2-4:1的酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的混合物;
发酵过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加菌种的质量比为10000:3-5(g/g)。
优选地,所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加菌种的质量比为10000:3(g/g)。
所述的发酵温度为20℃-25℃,发酵时间为30-50小时.
上述步骤(2)中所述的真空浓缩步骤为:在真空度为-0.06MPa-0.09MPa、温度为60℃-80℃的条件下,浓宿至体积减少三分之二以上;
上述步骤(2)中所述的真空干燥步骤为:在真空度为0.075MPa-0.09MPa、温度为60℃-75℃条件下,烘干18-24小时,至水份达8g/100g以下。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)本发明提供的嚼含片,通过组分的合理配比,能够显著改善睡眠、增强免疫力,具有抗疲劳、抗衰老、促进术后伤口愈合的功效;
(2)本发明的配伍合理、原料自然成份、无添加非自然材料。制备过程中对中华鳖和中华草龟进行全组分入药,并采用酶解、发酵、真空浓缩、真空干燥的方式,使中华鳖和中华草龟中的有效成分充分释放,突破了甲鱼和乌龟异腥味,保持了甲鱼乌龟营养成份不损失,使ω-3不饱和脂肪酸、亚麻酸、游离氨基酸及钙、铁等微量元素、多种维生素得以保存;
(3)本发明提供的嚼含片,营养成分含量高,可常温贮藏、携带方便、服用便捷、易于消化吸收、卫生安全。
具体实施方式
具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释,其并不是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
以下实施例中所述的蛋白酶M和蛋白酶D购自天野酶制剂(江苏)有限公司,;所述的酵母菌购自安琪酵母股份有限公司;枯草芽孢杆菌购自潍坊益昊生物技术有限公司。
实施例1一种蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片
按重量份数计包括以下组分:蜂王浆冻干粉20份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉20份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉5份、赤藓糖醇5份、二氧化硅1和硬脂酸镁1。
所述蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取新鲜优质蜂王浆过滤,研磨,将研磨后的蜂王浆置于真空度为0.07MPaMPa,温度为-30℃的真空干燥箱中进行冷冻真空干燥26小时,得到蜂王浆冻干粉,粉碎过80目筛,备用;
(2)将活中华鳖和中华草龟宰杀去内脏、脂肪,清洗干净后破碎成块状,加入质量比为1:1的蛋白酶M和蛋白酶D在55℃条件下进行酶解7小时,得到酶解物;向酶解物中加质量比4:1的酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌在25℃条件下发酵50小时,得到发酵物;将发酵物在真空度为0.09MPa、温度为80℃的条件下,浓宿至体积减少三分之二,得到浓缩液;将浓缩液在真空度为0.075MPa、温度为60℃条件下,烘干18小时,至水份达8g/100g以下,得到干燥物,将得到的干燥物粉碎过120目筛,备用;
(3)按配方用量称取蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉混合搅拌均匀,得到混合料;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的混合料用95%的酒精均匀喷雾加湿制成颗料,烘干酒精后,得到颗粒;
(5)将步聚(4)制成的颗料压片,即得蜂王浆龟鳖肽片。
酶解过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加酶的质量比为1000:3(g/g)。
发酵过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加菌种的质量比为10000:3(g/g)。
实施例2一种蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片
按重量份数计包括以下组分:蜂王浆冻干粉50份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉50份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉15份、赤藓糖醇12份、二氧化硅3和硬脂酸镁2。
所述蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取新鲜优质蜂王浆过滤,研磨,将研磨后的蜂王浆置于真空度为0.09MPa,温度为-35℃的真空干燥箱中进行冷冻真空干燥20小时,得到蜂王浆冻干粉,粉碎过80目筛,备用;
(2)将活中华鳖和中华草龟宰杀去内脏、脂肪,清洗干净后破碎成块状,加入质量比为2:1的蛋白酶M和蛋白酶D在50℃条件下进行酶解4小时,得到酶解物;向酶解物中加质量比2:1的酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌在20℃条件下发酵30小时,得到发酵物;将发酵物在真空度为-0.06MPa、温度为60℃的条件下,浓宿至体积减少三分之二,得到浓缩液;将浓缩液在真空度为0.09MPa、温度为75℃条件下,烘干24小时,至水份达8g/100g以下,得到干燥物,将得到的干燥物粉碎过120目筛,备用;
(3)按配方用量称取蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉混合搅拌均匀,得到混合料;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的混合料用95%的酒精均匀喷雾加湿制成颗料,烘干酒精后,得到颗粒;
(5)将步聚(4)制成的颗料压片,即得蜂王浆龟鳖肽片。
酶解过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加酶的质量比为1000:2(g/g)。
发酵过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加菌种的质量比为10000:4(g/g)。
实施例3一种蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片
按重量份数计包括以下组分:蜂王浆冻干粉25份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉25份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉7.5份、赤藓糖醇8份、二氧化硅2和硬脂酸镁1。
所述蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取新鲜优质蜂王浆过滤,研磨,将研磨后的蜂王浆置于真空度为0.08MPa,温度为-32℃的真空干燥箱中进行冷冻真空干燥24小时,得到蜂王浆冻干粉,粉碎过80目筛,备用;
(2)将活中华鳖和中华草龟宰杀去内脏、脂肪,清洗干净后破碎成块状,加入质量比为1:1的蛋白酶M和蛋白酶D在50℃条件下进行酶解5小时,得到酶解物;向酶解物中加质量比3:1的酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌在20℃条件下发酵40小时,得到发酵物;将发酵物在真空度为0.05MPa、温度为70℃的条件下,浓宿至体积减少三分之二,得到浓缩液;将浓缩液在真空度为0.08MPa、温度为70℃条件下,烘干20小时,至水份达8g/100g以下,得到干燥物,将得到的干燥物粉碎过120目筛,备用;
(3)按配方用量称取蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉混合搅拌均匀,得到混合料;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的混合料用95%的酒精均匀喷雾加湿制成颗料,烘干酒精后,得到颗粒;
(5)将步聚(4)制成的颗料压片,即得蜂王浆龟鳖肽片。
酶解过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加酶的质量比为1000:1(g/g)。
发酵过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加菌种的质量比为10000:5(g/g)。
实施例4一种蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片
按重量份数计包括以下组分:蜂王浆冻干粉40份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉40份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉10份、赤藓糖醇10份、二氧化硅2和硬脂酸镁1。
所述蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取新鲜优质蜂王浆过滤,研磨,将研磨后的蜂王浆置于真空度为0.08MPa,温度为-32℃的真空干燥箱中进行冷冻真空干燥24小时,得到蜂王浆冻干粉,粉碎过80目筛,备用;
(2)将活中华鳖和中华草龟宰杀去内脏、脂肪,清洗干净后破碎成块状,加入质量比为1:1的蛋白酶M和蛋白酶D在50℃条件下进行酶解5小时,得到酶解物;向酶解物中加质量比2:1的酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌在20℃条件下发酵40小时,得到发酵物;将发酵物在真空度为0.05MPa、温度为70℃的条件下,浓宿至体积减少三分之二,得到浓缩液;将浓缩液在真空度为0.08MPa、温度为70℃条件下,烘干20小时,至水份达8g/100g以下,得到干燥物,将得到的干燥物粉碎过120目筛,备用;
(3)按配方用量称取蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉混合搅拌均匀,得到混合料;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的混合料用95%的酒精均匀喷雾加湿制成颗料,烘干酒精后,得到颗粒;
(5)将步聚(4)制成的颗料压片,即得蜂王浆龟鳖肽片。
酶解过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加酶的质量比为1000:1(g/g)。
发酵过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加菌种的质量比为10000:3(g/g)。
对比例1
与实施例4的区别在于:所述的蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉的质量比为1:1:0.8,即蜂王浆冻干粉230/7份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉230/7份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉184/7份,其他操作和步骤与实施例4相同。
对比例2
与实施例4的区别在于:所述的蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉的质量比为1:1:0.2,即蜂王浆冻干粉460/11份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉460/11份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉92/11份,其他操作和步骤与实施例4相同。
对比例3
与实施例4的区别在于,酶解步骤中仅使用蛋白酶D,其他操作和步骤与实施例4相同。
对比例4
与实施例4的区别在于,酶解步骤中蛋白酶M和蛋白酶D的质量比为4:1,其他操作和步骤与实施例4相同。
对比例5
与实施例4的区别在于:发酵步骤中仅使用酵母菌,其他操作和步骤与实施例4相同。
对比例6
与实施例4的区别在于:发酵步骤中酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的质量比为1:2,其他操作和步骤与实施例4相同。
效果实验
1、实施例1-4和对比例3-6制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片中游离氨基酸含量检测
检测方法:GB5009.124-2016,具体见表1和表2。
表1
表2
根据上表1-2的检测数据可以看出本发明提供的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,配伍合理、原料自然成份、无添加非自然材料;制备过程中对中华鳖和中华草龟进行全组分入药,并采用酶解、发酵、真空浓缩、真空干燥的方式,使中华鳖和中华草龟中的有效成分充分释放,突破了甲鱼和乌龟异腥味,保持了甲鱼乌龟营养成份不损失,使游离氨基酸得以保存,实施例1-4制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片中各种氨基酸的含量明显高于对比例3-6,由此可知改变制备过程中酶或菌种的种类,以及含量会明显影响氨基酸的保存量。
2、实施例1-4和对比例3-6制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片中维生素含量检测
检测方法:维生素B1:GB 5009.84-2016;维生素B12:GB5413.14-2010;具体见表3和表4。
表3
表4
根据上表3-4的检测数据可以看出本发明提供的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,配伍合理、原料自然成份、无添加非自然材料;制备过程中对中华鳖和中华草龟进行全组分入药,并采用酶解、发酵、真空浓缩、真空干燥的方式,使中华鳖和中华草龟中的有效成分充分释放,突破了甲鱼和乌龟异腥味,保持了甲鱼乌龟营养成份不损失,使维生素得以保存,实施例1-4制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片中维生素B1和维生素B12的含量明显高于对比例3-6,由此可知改变制备过程中酶或菌种的种类,以及含量会明显影响维生素的保存量。
3、实施例1-4和对比例3-6制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片中微量元素含量检测
检测方法:GB 5009.268-2016第一法;具体见表5。
表5
根据上表5的检测数据可以看出本发明提供的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,配伍合理、原料自然成份、无添加非自然材料;制备过程中对中华鳖和中华草龟进行全组分入药,并采用酶解、发酵、真空浓缩、真空干燥的方式,使中华鳖和中华草龟中的有效成分充分释放,突破了甲鱼和乌龟异腥味,保持了甲鱼乌龟营养成份不损失,使铁、钙等微量元素得以保存,实施例1-4制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片中铁、钙等微量元素的含量明显高于对比例3-6,由此可知改变制备过程中酶或菌种的种类,以及含量会明显影响微量元素的保存量。
4、实施例1-4和对比例3-6制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片中ω-3不饱和脂肪酸含量检测
检测方法:GB 5009.168-2016第二法;具体见表6。
表6
根据上表6的检测数据可以看出本发明提供的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,配伍合理、原料自然成份、无添加非自然材料;制备过程中对中华鳖和中华草龟进行全组分入药,并采用酶解、发酵、真空浓缩、真空干燥的方式,使中华鳖和中华草龟中的有效成分充分释放,突破了甲鱼和乌龟异腥味,保持了甲鱼乌龟营养成份不损失,使ω-3不饱和脂肪酸得以保存,实施例1-4制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片中ω-3不饱和脂肪酸的含量明显高于对比例3-6,由此可知改变制备过程中酶或菌种的种类,以及含量会明显影响ω-3不饱和脂肪酸的保存量。
5、抗疲劳检测
实施例1-4和对比例1-2制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片的抗疲劳检测
小鼠负重力竭游泳时间检测(该试验方法属于本领域常规试验方法)
1.1实验样品:实施例1-4以及对比例1-2制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片。
1.2实验动物:昆明小鼠,提供18-24g,购自南京君科生物工程有限公司。
1.3试验方法:
1.3.1实验分组:将昆明小鼠进行随机分组,共7组,每组10只,分别为实施例1-4组和对比例1-2组,试验周期为7天,实施例1-4组给予实施例1-4制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片作为饲料,对比例1-2组给予对比例1-2制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片作为饲料,对照组使用常规饲料(普通购买小鼠饲料),小鼠自由采食和饮水。
1.3.2小鼠负重力竭游泳时间检测:实验第8天时,选择上午,将尾根部负荷5%体重铅皮的小鼠置于游泳箱中游泳,水深不少于30cm,水温25℃,记录小鼠开始游泳至体力衰竭的时间,体力衰竭的标准为小鼠沉下水面超过10秒钟,60min。观察者应在整个实验过程中使每只小鼠四肢保持运动。如果小鼠浮在水面四肢不动,可用木棒在其附近搅动。
1.4实验结果,见下表7。
表7
动物数(只) | 游泳时间(min) | |
对照组 | 10 | 12.69±7.25 |
实施例1 | 10 | 21.36±6.24* |
实施例2 | 10 | 21.58±9.05* |
实施例3 | 10 | 22.12±8.16* |
实施例4 | 10 | 25.17±7.54** |
对比例1 | 10 | 18.85±9.21 |
对比例2 | 10 | 19.08±8.43 |
注:*与对照组相比P<0.05,**与对照组相比P<0.01。
根据上表7的检测数据可以看出,与对照组相比,对比例1-2不能显著增加小鼠负重力竭游泳时间,实施例1-3组能显著增加小鼠负重力竭游泳时间,实施例4组能极显著增加小鼠负重力竭游泳时间,由此可知本发明是实例1-4制备的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片可以增加抗疲劳性能。
应当说明的是,以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,其特征在于:按重量份数计包括以下组分:蜂王浆冻干粉20-50份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉20-50份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉5-15份、赤藓糖醇5-12份和助剂2-6份;
所述的助剂为二氧化硅和硬脂酸镁;
所述的蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉的质量比为1:1:0.25-0.5;
所述的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取新鲜蜂王浆过滤,研磨,冷冻真空干燥后粉碎过80目筛,备用;
(2)将活中华鳖和中华草龟宰杀去内脏、脂肪,清洗干净后破碎成块状,经酶解、发酵、真空浓缩、真空干燥后粉碎过120目筛,备用;
(3)按配方用量称取蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉混合搅拌均匀,得到混合料;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的混合料用95%的酒精均匀喷雾加湿制成颗料,烘干酒精后,得到颗粒;
(5)将步聚(4)制成的颗料压片,即得蜂王浆龟鳖肽片;
步骤(2)中所述的酶解步骤中使用酶为质量比1-2:1的蛋白酶M和蛋白酶D的混合物;所述的发酵步骤中使用的发酵菌种为质量比2-4:1的酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,其特征在于:按重量份数计包括以下组分:蜂王浆冻干粉25-45份、中华鳖全鳖肽粉25-45份、中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉8-12份、赤藓糖醇8-10份和助剂3-6份;
所述的助剂为质量比2:1的二氧化硅和硬脂酸镁。
3.根据权利要求1所述的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,其特征在于:所述的蜂王浆冻干粉、中华鳖全鳖肽粉和中华草龟肉蛋白肽粉的质量比为1:1:0.3。
4.根据权利要求1所述的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,其特征在于:步骤(1)中所述的冷冻真空干燥的具体操作步骤为:将研磨后的蜂王浆置于真空度为0.07MPa-0.09MPa,温度为-30℃--35℃的真空干燥箱中进行冷冻真空干燥20-26小时,得到干燥后的蜂王浆冻干粉。
5.根据权利要求1所述的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,其特征在于:酶解过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加酶的质量比为1000:1-3。
6.根据权利要求1所述的蜂王浆龟鳖肽嚼含片,其特征在于:发酵过程中所述的中华鳖和中华草龟的总质量与所添加菌种的质量比为10000:3-5。
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