CN113054719B - Power supply protection circuit and application device thereof - Google Patents
Power supply protection circuit and application device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113054719B CN113054719B CN202110447971.0A CN202110447971A CN113054719B CN 113054719 B CN113054719 B CN 113054719B CN 202110447971 A CN202110447971 A CN 202110447971A CN 113054719 B CN113054719 B CN 113054719B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a power supply protection circuit and an application device thereof, which are applied to the technical field of power electronics. According to the power supply protection circuit provided by the invention, when the main control switch is turned off, the input voltage of the BMS power supply is controlled within the preset safety range through the protection circuit, so that the BMS power supply is ensured not to bear the over-high voltage, and the safe operation of the BMS power supply and the whole BMS is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of power electronics, and in particular, to a power protection circuit and an application apparatus thereof.
Background
In the existing energy storage system, a working power supply of a BMS (Battery MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) can be obtained from a charging and discharging main circuit in the system, see fig. 1, fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the energy storage system in the prior art, a main control switch K1 in the BMS is connected between an energy storage Battery and charging and discharging equipment in series, an input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the charging and discharging main circuit where the main control switch K1 is located, and the working power supply is used for receiving electric energy output by the charging and discharging equipment or the energy storage Battery and transmitting the electric energy to a control module in the BMS so as to realize power supply of the whole BMS.
In practical applications of energy storage systems, energy storage batteries include both charge and discharge conditions. When the energy storage battery is in a charging working condition, the output voltage of the charging and discharging equipment is required to be higher than the voltage of the energy storage battery, so that the energy storage battery can be charged at a certain current value.
However, in the process of charging the energy storage battery by the charge and discharge device, if the main control switch K1 is suddenly disconnected due to an abnormal fault, the charge load of the charge and discharge device is instantaneously withdrawn, and a high bus voltage is generated on the bus between the charge and discharge device and the main control switch K1, which easily causes the damage of the BMS power supply due to the overvoltage, and even threatens the operation safety of the whole BMS.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a power supply protection circuit and an application device thereof, wherein a BMS power supply is respectively connected with a protection circuit and a charging and discharging main loop, and when a main control switch is disconnected, the protection circuit can control the input voltage of the BMS power supply to be in a preset safety range, so that the safe operation of the BMS power supply and the whole BMS is ensured.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a power supply protection circuit comprising: a main control switch and a protection circuit, wherein,
The main control switch is connected in series between the energy storage battery and the charging and discharging equipment to form a charging and discharging main loop;
the BMS power supply is connected with the charge-discharge main loop through the protection circuit;
when the main control switch is disconnected, the protection circuit controls the input voltage of the BMS power supply to be within a preset safety range.
Optionally, the protection circuit comprises a voltage clamp circuit, wherein,
When the main control switch is disconnected, the voltage clamping circuit clamps the input voltage of the BMS power supply within a safety range corresponding to the output voltage of the energy storage battery.
Optionally, the main control switch comprises a positive main switch and a negative main switch, the voltage clamping circuit comprises a diode, wherein,
The positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the positive electrode main switch;
the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the negative electrode main switch;
the positive pole of the diode is connected with the equipment side of the positive pole main switch, and the negative pole of the diode is connected with the battery side of the positive pole main switch.
Optionally, the protection circuit comprises a first switching circuit, wherein,
The first switch circuit is mechanically linked with the main control switch;
when the main control switch is disconnected, the first switch circuit disconnects the BMS power supply from the charging and discharging main circuit.
Optionally, the first switch circuit comprises a positive protection switch and a negative protection switch, wherein,
The positive electrode protection switch is connected in series between the positive electrode of the charging and discharging main loop and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative electrode protection switch is connected in series between the negative electrode of the charging and discharging main loop and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply.
Optionally, the main control switch comprises an anode main switch and a cathode main switch;
the positive electrode protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
The negative electrode protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
Or alternatively
The positive electrode protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative electrode protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply.
Optionally, the main control switch comprises an anode main switch and a cathode main switch;
the positive electrode protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
The negative electrode protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
Or alternatively
The positive electrode protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
The negative electrode protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply.
Optionally, the positive electrode protection switch and the negative electrode protection switch are integrally arranged.
Optionally, the first switching circuit comprises an auxiliary protection switch, wherein,
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the charging and discharging main loop and the target pole of the BMS power supply;
Wherein the target electrode comprises a positive electrode or a negative electrode;
and the other electrode of the charge-discharge main loop, which is beyond the target electrode, is connected with the other electrode of the BMS power supply, which is beyond the target electrode.
Optionally, the main control switch comprises an anode main switch and a cathode main switch;
The target electrode comprises a positive electrode;
the auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the positive main switch and the positive input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the negative electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the positive main switch and the positive input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the negative electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the positive main switch and the positive input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the negative electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the positive main switch and the positive input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the negative main switch.
Optionally, the main control switch comprises an anode main switch and a cathode main switch;
The target electrode comprises a negative electrode;
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the negative main switch and the negative input end of the BMS power supply;
The positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the positive electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the negative main switch and the negative input end of the BMS power supply;
the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the positive electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the negative main switch and the negative input end of the BMS power supply;
the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the positive electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the negative main switch and the negative input end of the BMS power supply;
the positive input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the positive main switch.
Optionally, the auxiliary protection switch is integrated with the main control switch.
Optionally, the protection circuit comprises a second switching circuit and a voltage dividing circuit, wherein,
One end of the second switch circuit is connected with the battery side of the main control switch, and the other end of the second switch circuit is connected with the BMS power supply;
the input end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with the equipment side of the main control switch, and the first output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with the BMS power supply;
the second switch circuit receives a first control signal and is used for communicating the BMS power supply with the main control switch battery side based on the first control signal;
the first control signal is generated when the main control switch is closed;
when the master control switch is disconnected, the voltage dividing circuit controls the input voltage of the BMS power supply to be within the preset safety range.
Optionally, the second output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with the second switch circuit;
And the voltage dividing circuit outputs the first control signal within a preset time period from the closing of the main control switch.
Optionally, the main control switch includes an anode main switch and a cathode main switch, and the second switching circuit includes: a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch, wherein,
The first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are connected in parallel to form a parallel branch;
One end of the parallel branch is connected with the battery side of the positive main switch, and the other end of the parallel branch is connected with the positive input end of the BMS power supply;
the input end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with the equipment side of the positive main switch;
the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is respectively connected with the first output end of the voltage dividing circuit and the battery side of the negative electrode main switch;
and a second output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with a control end of the first controllable switch.
Optionally, the second controllable switch receives a second control signal, and controls the second controllable switch to disconnect the BMS power supply from the positive main switch based on the second control signal.
Optionally, the master control switch and the first switch circuit receive a third control signal at the same time;
the third control signal is used for controlling the master control switch to be disconnected and controlling the first switch circuit to disconnect the BMS power supply from the charging and discharging main loop.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a battery management system comprising: a BMS power supply, a BMS control module and a power protection circuit according to any of the first aspects of the invention, wherein,
The BMS power supply is respectively connected with the BMS control module and the power supply protection circuit;
the BMS power supply supplies power to the BMS control module.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an energy storage system comprising at least one energy storage battery, a charge-discharge device and a battery management system according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein,
Each energy storage battery is connected with the charging and discharging equipment through the battery management system;
The charging and discharging equipment is connected with a public power grid.
The power supply protection circuit comprises a main control switch and a protection circuit, wherein the main control switch is connected in series between an energy storage battery and charging and discharging equipment to form a charging and discharging main loop, a BMS power supply is respectively connected with the protection circuit and the charging and discharging main loop, and when the main control switch is disconnected, the protection circuit can control the input voltage of the BMS power supply to be in a preset safety range. According to the power supply protection circuit provided by the invention, when the main control switch is turned off, the input voltage of the BMS power supply is controlled within the preset safety range through the protection circuit, so that the BMS power supply is ensured not to bear the over-high voltage, and the safe operation of the BMS power supply and the whole BMS is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are necessary for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention and that other drawings may be obtained from them without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system according to the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a1 st power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power protection circuit of the 2 nd type according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a3 rd power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a 4 th power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a 5 th power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a power protection circuit of the 6 th kind provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a7 th power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an 8 th power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a 9 th power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a 10 th power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an 11 th power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a 12 th power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a 13 th power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a 14 th power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a 15 th power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a1 st power protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the power protection circuit provided in the embodiment includes: a main control switch K1 and a protection circuit, wherein,
The main control switch K1 is connected in series between the energy storage battery and the charging and discharging equipment, namely the energy storage battery, the main control switch K1 and the charging and discharging equipment are sequentially connected in series, and a charging and discharging main loop is formed after the series connection.
In the following description, for convenience of description, a side of the main switch K1 connected to the energy storage battery is defined as a battery side of the main switch K1, and a side of the main switch K1 connected to the charge and discharge device is defined as a device side of the main switch K1. Further, the connection end of the energy storage battery and the connection end of the charging and discharging device are divided into an anode and a cathode, based on which, a switch for controlling the communication state between the energy storage battery and the anode of the charging and discharging device in the main control switch K1 is defined as an anode main switch, and a switch for controlling the communication state between the energy storage battery and the cathode of the charging and discharging device in the main control switch K1 is defined as a cathode main switch.
Further, in practical applications, the energy storage battery connected to the battery side of the main control switch K1 often includes one or more energy storage batteries, which are shown as one energy storage battery in this embodiment and the following embodiments, but this is not a limitation on the number of connection of the energy storage batteries. As for the charge and discharge device, based on the energy storage technology in the prior art, an energy storage inverter can be selected for implementation in most cases.
The BMS power supply is connected with the charge-discharge main loop through the protection circuit, and when the master control switch K1 is disconnected, the protection circuit controls the input voltage of the BMS power supply to be in a preset safety range.
It should be emphasized that the power protection circuit provided in the embodiments of the present invention focuses on explaining the basic connection relationship and functions of the main control switch, particularly the protection circuit, and regarding the specific implementation of the protection circuit and the specific circuit topology corresponding to the specific implementation, the power protection circuit will be developed in the subsequent embodiments. Therefore, the BMS power supply described in this embodiment is connected to the charging and discharging main circuit through the protection circuit, which does not necessarily mean that the protection circuit is connected in series between the charging and discharging main circuit and the BMS power supply, and the connection relationship between the BMS power supply, the protection circuit, and the charging and discharging main circuit may be different due to the different structures of the protection circuits, so long as the connection relationship that the BMS power supply input voltage controlled by the protection circuit is within the preset safety range when the master switch K1 is disconnected is ensured, and the connection relationship belongs to the defined range of the BMS power supply connection with the charging and discharging main circuit through the protection circuit in the above description.
In summary, according to the power supply protection circuit provided by the invention, when the main control switch is turned off, the input voltage of the BMS power supply is controlled within the preset safety range through the protection circuit, so that the BMS power supply is ensured not to bear the over-high voltage, and the safe operation of the BMS power supply and the whole BMS is ensured.
Based on the foregoing, various embodiments of the present invention are described below:
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power protection circuit of the 2 nd type provided in the embodiment of the present invention, in the power protection circuit provided in the embodiment of fig. 2, the protection circuit includes a voltage clamping circuit, and when the master switch K1 is turned off, the voltage clamping circuit clamps an input voltage of the BMS power supply within a safety range corresponding to an output voltage of the energy storage battery.
Specifically, the voltage clamp circuit includes a diode D1. As shown in fig. 3, the positive input terminal of the BMS power is connected to the battery side of the positive main switch of the main switch K1, and the negative input terminal of the BMS power is connected to the device side of the negative main switch of the main switch K1.
The positive pole of the diode D1 is connected with the battery side of the negative pole main switch, and the negative pole of the diode D1 is connected with the equipment side of the negative pole main switch.
When the power protection circuit provided by the embodiment is specifically applied, the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is powered on the c point at the equipment side of the master control switch K1, the positive electrode input end is powered on the a point at the battery side of the master control switch K1, and when the master control switch K1 acts, the power supply of the BMS power supply is controlled by the master control switch K1.
When the main control switch K1 is closed, the BMS power supply is electrified to work normally (U B＝UO＝UI), and when the charging and discharging equipment charges the energy storage battery with high current and high voltage, if the main control switch K1 is disconnected due to abnormal faults, the U O is abnormally increased, and the voltage value of the U B is basically unchanged because the voltage of the energy storage battery is not suddenly changed; however, the charging and discharging equipment has response time, and the main control switch K1 still keeps output power when being disconnected, and the voltage of U O can be raised to generate dangerous voltage. The diode D1 is connected between the point D and the point c, and the diode D1 clamps the potential of the point c near the potential of the point D, so that U I≈UB, namely the input voltage of the BMS power supply is clamped in a safety range corresponding to the output voltage of the energy storage battery, and the protection of the BMS power supply is realized.
Further, referring to fig. 4, another connection method of the voltage clamping circuit is shown in the embodiment shown in fig. 4. Specifically, the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the positive electrode main switch of the main control switch K1, and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the negative electrode main switch of the main control switch K1.
The positive pole of the diode D1 is connected with the equipment side of the positive pole main switch, and the negative pole of the diode D1 is connected with the battery side of the positive pole main switch.
When the power supply protection circuit provided by the embodiment is specifically applied, the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is powered on the front stage d point of the master control switch K1, the positive electrode input end is powered on the rear stage b point of the master control switch K1, and when the master control switch K1 acts, the power supply of the BMS power supply is controlled by the K1. When the main control switch K1 is closed, the BMS power supply is powered on and works normally (U B＝U0＝UI).
When the charging and discharging equipment charges the energy storage battery with high current and high voltage, if the main control switch K1 is disconnected by fault, the U O is abnormally increased, and the voltage value of the U B is basically unchanged because the voltage of the energy storage battery is not suddenly changed; however, the charging and discharging device has response time, and when the main control switch K1 is turned off, output power can still be kept, so that U I can be raised, and dangerous voltage is generated. And the diode D1 is connected between the point a and the point b, when the potential of the point a is far smaller than that of the point b, the diode D1 clamps the potential of the point b near the potential of the point a, so that U I≈UB, namely the input voltage of the BMS power supply, is clamped in a safety range corresponding to the output voltage of the energy storage battery, and the protection of the BMS power supply is realized.
Optionally, the present invention further provides another power protection circuit, in which the protection circuit includes a first switch circuit, and the first switch circuit is in linkage with the main switch, specifically, mechanical linkage, that is, a connection state of the first switch circuit is changed simultaneously with the main switch, when the main switch is turned on, the first switch circuit is turned on, and correspondingly, when the main switch is turned off, the first switch circuit is also turned off, so as to disconnect the connection between the BMS power source and the charge-discharge main circuit.
Alternatively, referring to the embodiments shown in fig. 5 to 8, an alternative configuration of the first switching circuit is given, as well as different connection modes.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 5 to 8, the specific structure of the first switch circuit is the same, and the following description will be given here: the first switch circuit includes a positive electrode protection switch K2 and a negative electrode protection switch K3. The positive electrode protection switch K2 is connected in series between the positive electrode of the charging and discharging main circuit and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply and is used for controlling the communication state between the positive electrode of the charging and discharging main circuit and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply; correspondingly, the negative electrode protection switch K3 is connected in series between the negative electrode of the charging and discharging main loop and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply and is used for controlling the communication state between the negative electrode of the charging and discharging main loop and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply.
Based on the above, referring to fig. 5, in the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the positive electrode protection switch K2 is connected in series between the device side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input terminal of the BMS power supply; the negative electrode protection switch K3 is connected in series between the equipment side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the positive electrode protection switch K2 is connected in series between the battery side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input terminal of the BMS power supply; the negative electrode protection switch K3 is connected in series between the battery side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, the positive electrode protection switch K2 is connected in series between the device side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input terminal of the BMS power supply; the negative electrode protection switch K3 is connected in series between the battery side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the positive electrode protection switch K2 is connected in series between the battery side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input terminal of the BMS power supply; the negative electrode protection switch K3 is connected in series between the equipment side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply.
For the power protection circuit provided in any one of the embodiments of fig. 5 to 8, the first switch circuit is connected in series between the charging and discharging main circuit and the BMS power supply, and the first switch circuit is linked with the master switch. When the master control switch K1 is closed, the first switch circuit is also closed, and the BMS power supply is powered on to work normally; if K1 breaks off due to abnormal faults, the first switch circuit is controlled to be disconnected in a linkage mode, and the input end of the BMS power supply is disconnected with the charging and discharging main loop, so that protection of the BMS power supply is achieved.
Optionally, for the first switch circuit provided in any one of the embodiments of fig. 5 to 8, the positive protection switch and the negative protection switch may be integrally provided, that is, the positive protection switch and the negative protection switch are linked with the master control switch in an integral manner. In practical application, the first switch circuit can refer to the master control switch for selecting a type, namely selecting a switch comprising two breaking knife switches at the same time.
Optionally, referring to the embodiment shown in fig. 9 to 14, the embodiment shown in fig. 9 to 14 shows another alternative construction manner of the first switching circuit, specifically, the first switching circuit includes an auxiliary protection switch K4, where the auxiliary protection switch K4 is connected in series between the charging and discharging main circuit and the target pole of the BMS power supply, and the target pole is an anode or a cathode. Further, the other pole of the charge-discharge main loop is connected with the other pole of the BMS power supply.
Specifically, in the case where the target is an anode:
In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, the auxiliary protection switch K4 is connected in series between the device side of the positive main switch and the positive input terminal of the BMS power supply; the negative input terminal of the BMS power supply is connected with the device side of the negative main switch.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 10, the auxiliary protection switch K4 is connected in series between the battery side of the positive main switch and the positive input terminal of the BMS power supply; the negative input terminal of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the negative main switch.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 11, the auxiliary protection switch K4 is connected in series between the device side of the positive main switch and the positive input terminal of the BMS power supply; the negative input terminal of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the negative main switch.
In addition, the auxiliary protection switch K4 can be connected in series between the battery side of the positive main switch and the positive input end of the BMS power supply; correspondingly, the negative input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the negative main switch.
In the case where the target is a negative electrode:
In the embodiment shown in fig. 12, the auxiliary protection switch K4 is connected in series between the device side of the negative main switch and the negative input terminal of the BMS power supply; the positive input terminal of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the positive main switch.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 13, the auxiliary protection switch K4 is connected in series between the battery side of the negative main switch and the negative input terminal of the BMS power supply; the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the positive electrode main switch.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 14, the auxiliary protection switch K4 is connected in series between the device side of the negative main switch and the negative input terminal of the BMS power supply; the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the positive electrode main switch.
In addition, the auxiliary protection switch K4 can be connected in series between the battery side of the negative main switch and the negative input end of the BMS power supply; correspondingly, the positive input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the positive main switch.
In the power protection circuit provided in any embodiment, the auxiliary protection switch is mechanically linked with the main control switch, and when the main control switch K1 is closed, the auxiliary protection switch is also closed, and the BMS power supply is powered on and works normally; if K1 breaks off due to abnormal faults, the auxiliary protection switch is controlled to be disconnected in a linkage mode, and the input end of the BMS power supply is disconnected with the charging and discharging main loop, so that protection of the BMS power supply is achieved.
Optionally, in any of the above embodiments, the auxiliary protection switch may be integrally provided with the main control switch, and be applied to the energy storage system in a switch manner, so long as the auxiliary protection switch and the main control switch can implement the above linkage action process.
It is conceivable that in the power protection circuit provided in each of the embodiments of fig. 5 to 14, the key that the BMS power can be protected is that the first switch circuit and the main switch can act simultaneously, and the first switch circuit disconnects the communication between the BMS power and the charge-discharge main circuit while the main switch is disconnected. Based on this premise, as an alternative implementation manner, the first switch circuit may also be in linkage with the main control switch in other manners, and may be defined as control linkage with respect to the mechanical linkage in the foregoing embodiment.
Optionally, the main control switch and the first switch circuit may simultaneously receive a third control signal, where the third control signal is used to control the main control switch to be turned off, and at the same time, control the first switch circuit to disconnect the BMS power supply from the charging and discharging main circuit.
The specific construction and connection of the first switching circuit can still be achieved with reference to the embodiments shown in fig. 5-14, except that the mechanical linkage between the switches is changed to control linkage. As for the emission of the third control signal, it may be implemented by a control module in the BMS.
Optionally, referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a 14 th power protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, where the power protection circuit provided by the embodiment includes a main switch K1 and a protection circuit, and the protection circuit includes a second switch circuit and a voltage division circuit.
The second switching circuit comprises a first controllable switch K5 and a second controllable switch K6. Specifically, the first controllable switch K5 and the second controllable switch K6 are connected in parallel to form a parallel branch, one end of the obtained parallel branch is used as one end of the second switch circuit and is connected with the battery side of the positive main switch, and the other end of the obtained parallel branch is used as the other end of the second switch circuit and is connected with the positive input end of the BMS power supply.
The input end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with the equipment side of the positive main switch, and the first output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with the BMS power supply. The control end of the second switch circuit receives a first control signal and is communicated with the BMS power supply and the main control switch battery side based on the obtained first control signal, wherein the first control signal is generated when the main control switch is closed, namely, when the main control switch is in a closed state, the second switch circuit is communicated with the BMS power supply and the main control switch battery side, so that the BMS power supply is powered on.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 15, the voltage dividing circuit further includes a second output end, where the second output end is connected to the second switch circuit, specifically, is connected to the control end of the first controllable switch K5 in the second switch circuit, and outputs the first control signal through the second output end in a preset period from the closing of the main control switch K1, so as to further control the closing of the first controllable switch K5, so that the BMS power supply is connected to the battery side of the main control switch K1.
The negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the first output end of the voltage dividing circuit and the battery side of the negative electrode main switch respectively, and the voltage dividing circuit controls the first controllable switch K5 to be closed, so that the BMS power supply can be powered on.
Further, when the master control switch K1 is disconnected, the voltage dividing circuit is further used for controlling the input voltage of the BMS power supply to be in a preset safety range, so that the power supply safety of the BMS power supply is guaranteed.
Optionally, the control end of the second controllable switch K6 receives the second control signal, and controls the second controllable switch K6 to disconnect the BMS power supply from the positive main switch based on the second control signal, and active control between the BMS power supply and the charge-discharge main circuit during disconnection can be achieved through the second control signal.
Further, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 15, the embodiment shown in fig. 16 gives a specific configuration of the voltage dividing circuit. Specifically, the voltage dividing circuit includes: the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the energy storage capacitor C1, wherein,
One end of the first resistor R1 is used as an input end of the voltage dividing circuit and is connected with the equipment side of the positive electrode main switch, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with one end of the third resistor R3 through the second resistor R2, and a connection point of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 is used as a first output end of the voltage dividing circuit and is connected with a control end of a first controllable switch (realized based on a switch tube Q1 in the figure). Further, the other end of the third resistor R3 is used as a second output end of the voltage dividing circuit and is connected with the negative input end of the BMS power supply. The energy storage capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the second resistor R2.
The second controllable switch in the second switching circuit is implemented based on a switching tube Q2, and the control terminal of the switching tube Q2 is connected to a control module (not shown in the figure) in the BMS, that is, the aforementioned second control signal may be sent by the control module in the BMS.
Based on the embodiment shown in fig. 16, the positive input end of the BMS power supply takes electricity at the point a of the front stage of the master control switch K1, the negative input end of the BMS power supply takes electricity at the point d of the front stage of the master control switch K1, and the on-off of the switching tube Q1 is controlled by the output signal of the first output end of the voltage dividing circuit.
When the master control switch K1 is closed, the voltage between the point a and the point b is U B, the voltage can be applied to two ends of the voltage dividing circuit, wherein the resistance value of the second resistor R2 is much larger than that of the first resistor R1 and that of the third resistor R3, and the capacitance value of the energy storage capacitor C1 is larger, so that the switching tube Q1 is turned on (U I＝UB) due to the voltage division of the third resistor R3 at the moment when the master control switch K1 is closed, the BMS power supply is powered on, and after the BMS power supply works normally, the BMS control module outputs a third control signal to control the switching tube Q2 to be conducted. Along with the charging of the energy storage capacitor C1 tends to be completed, the voltage dividing circuit formed by R1+R2+R3 cannot keep the switching tube Q1 on (namely, the voltage division of the third resistor R3 tends to be 0V at the moment), the switching tube Q1 is disconnected, and the switching tube Q2 is communicated with the BMS power supply and the charging and discharging main circuit.
When the charging and discharging equipment charges the energy storage battery with high current and high voltage, if the main control switch K1 is disconnected due to abnormal faults, the U O is abnormally increased, but the U 0 needs to be subjected to voltage division through the resistors R1, R2 and R3, namely, the voltage finally output to the BMS power supply is the voltage at two ends of the third resistor R3, and the voltage at two ends of the third resistor R3 can be controlled within a preset safety range based on the magnitude relation of the resistance values, so that the BMS power supply is prevented from being influenced. The voltage of the energy storage battery is not suddenly changed, namely the U B basically keeps unchanged, and the BMS power supply is not damaged.
The control module of the BMS power supply can send a second control signal to the switching tube Q2 according to the operation requirement after the preset data storage operation is completed, the driving circuit of the switching tube Q2 is actively cut off, and the BMS power supply is disconnected with the positive main switch, so that the BMS power supply is powered down.
To sum up, the power protection circuit provided in this embodiment not only can ensure the power supply safety of the BMS power supply, but also can realize the active control of the BMS power down time, and further avoid losing important data due to sudden power failure.
Optionally, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery management system, including: a BMS power supply, a BMS control module, and a power protection circuit according to any one of the above, wherein,
The BMS power supply is respectively connected with the BMS control module and the power supply protection circuit;
the BMS power supply supplies power to the BMS control module.
Optionally, the embodiment of the present invention further provides an energy storage system, including at least one energy storage battery, a charging and discharging device, and the battery management system provided in the foregoing embodiment, where,
Each energy storage battery is connected with the charging and discharging equipment through the battery management system;
The charging and discharging equipment is connected with a public power grid.
In the invention, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly used for illustrating the difference from other embodiments, and the same similar parts among the embodiments are mutually referred. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. While the invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the methods and technical contents disclosed above, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. A power supply protection circuit, comprising: a main control switch and a protection circuit, wherein,
The main control switch is connected in series between the energy storage battery and the charging and discharging equipment to form a charging and discharging main loop;
the BMS power supply is connected with the charge-discharge main loop through the protection circuit;
when the main control switch is disconnected, the protection circuit controls the input voltage of the BMS power supply to be within a preset safety range.
2. The power protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the protection circuit comprises a voltage clamp circuit, wherein,
When the main control switch is disconnected, the voltage clamping circuit clamps the input voltage of the BMS power supply within a safety range corresponding to the output voltage of the energy storage battery.
3. The power protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the master switch comprises a positive master switch and a negative master switch, the voltage clamp circuit comprises a diode, wherein,
The positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the positive electrode main switch;
the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the negative electrode main switch;
the positive pole of the diode is connected with the equipment side of the positive pole main switch, and the negative pole of the diode is connected with the battery side of the positive pole main switch.
4. The power protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the protection circuit comprises a first switching circuit, wherein,
The first switch circuit is mechanically linked with the main control switch;
when the main control switch is disconnected, the first switch circuit disconnects the BMS power supply from the charging and discharging main circuit.
5. The power protection circuit of claim 4, wherein the first switching circuit comprises a positive protection switch and a negative protection switch, wherein,
The positive electrode protection switch is connected in series between the positive electrode of the charging and discharging main loop and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative electrode protection switch is connected in series between the negative electrode of the charging and discharging main loop and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply.
6. The power protection circuit of claim 5, wherein the master switch comprises a positive master switch and a negative master switch;
the positive electrode protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
The negative electrode protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
Or alternatively
The positive electrode protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative electrode protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply.
7. The power protection circuit of claim 5, wherein the master switch comprises a positive master switch and a negative master switch;
the positive electrode protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
The negative electrode protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
Or alternatively
The positive electrode protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the positive electrode main switch and the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply;
The negative electrode protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the negative electrode main switch and the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply.
8. The power protection circuit of any one of claims 5-7, wherein said positive protection switch and said negative protection switch are integrally provided.
9. The power protection circuit of claim 4, wherein the first switching circuit comprises an auxiliary protection switch, wherein,
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the charging and discharging main loop and the target pole of the BMS power supply;
Wherein the target electrode comprises a positive electrode or a negative electrode;
and the other electrode of the charge-discharge main loop, which is beyond the target electrode, is connected with the other electrode of the BMS power supply, which is beyond the target electrode.
10. The power protection circuit of claim 9, wherein the master switch comprises a positive master switch and a negative master switch;
The target electrode comprises a positive electrode;
the auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the positive main switch and the positive input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the negative electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the positive main switch and the positive input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the negative electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the positive main switch and the positive input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the negative electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the positive main switch and the positive input end of the BMS power supply;
the negative input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the negative main switch.
11. The power protection circuit of claim 9, wherein the master switch comprises a positive master switch and a negative master switch;
The target electrode comprises a negative electrode;
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the negative main switch and the negative input end of the BMS power supply;
The positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the positive electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the negative main switch and the negative input end of the BMS power supply;
the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the positive electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the equipment side of the negative main switch and the negative input end of the BMS power supply;
the positive electrode input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the battery side of the positive electrode main switch;
Or alternatively
The auxiliary protection switch is connected in series between the battery side of the negative main switch and the negative input end of the BMS power supply;
the positive input end of the BMS power supply is connected with the equipment side of the positive main switch.
12. The power protection circuit of any one of claims 9-11, wherein the auxiliary protection switch is integrally provided with the main control switch.
13. The power protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the protection circuit comprises a second switching circuit and a voltage divider circuit, wherein,
One end of the second switch circuit is connected with the battery side of the main control switch, and the other end of the second switch circuit is connected with the BMS power supply;
the input end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with the equipment side of the main control switch, and the first output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with the BMS power supply;
the second switch circuit receives a first control signal and is used for communicating the BMS power supply with the main control switch battery side based on the first control signal;
the first control signal is generated when the main control switch is closed;
when the master control switch is disconnected, the voltage dividing circuit controls the input voltage of the BMS power supply to be within the preset safety range.
14. The power protection circuit of claim 13, wherein a second output of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the second switching circuit;
And the voltage dividing circuit outputs the first control signal within a preset time period from the closing of the main control switch.
15. The power protection circuit of claim 14, wherein the master switch comprises a positive master switch and a negative master switch, the second switching circuit comprising: a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch, wherein,
The first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are connected in parallel to form a parallel branch;
One end of the parallel branch is connected with the battery side of the positive main switch, and the other end of the parallel branch is connected with the positive input end of the BMS power supply;
the input end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with the equipment side of the positive main switch;
the negative electrode input end of the BMS power supply is respectively connected with the first output end of the voltage dividing circuit and the battery side of the negative electrode main switch;
and a second output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with a control end of the first controllable switch.
16. The power protection circuit of claim 15, wherein the second controllable switch receives a second control signal and controls the second controllable switch to disconnect the BMS power supply from the positive main switch based on the second control signal.
17. The power protection circuit of claim 4, wherein the master switch and the first switch circuit receive a third control signal simultaneously;
the third control signal is used for controlling the master control switch to be disconnected and controlling the first switch circuit to disconnect the BMS power supply from the charging and discharging main loop.
18. A battery management system, comprising: the BMS power supply, BMS control module and power protection circuit of any of claims 1-17, wherein,
The BMS power supply is respectively connected with the BMS control module and the power supply protection circuit;
the BMS power supply supplies power to the BMS control module.
19. An energy storage system comprising at least one energy storage battery, a charge and discharge device, and the battery management system of claim 18, wherein,
Each energy storage battery is connected with the charging and discharging equipment through the battery management system;
The charging and discharging equipment is connected with a public power grid.
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