CN112591864B - Experimental device for observing sediment flocculation - Google Patents
Experimental device for observing sediment flocculation Download PDFInfo
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- CN112591864B CN112591864B CN202011327521.XA CN202011327521A CN112591864B CN 112591864 B CN112591864 B CN 112591864B CN 202011327521 A CN202011327521 A CN 202011327521A CN 112591864 B CN112591864 B CN 112591864B
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- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental device for observing silt flocculation, which belongs to the field of engineering machinery and comprises a first organic glass pipeline, a second organic glass pipeline, a rod net mechanism, an observation bin, a mixing barrel and a stirrer, wherein the first organic glass pipeline is connected with the second organic glass pipeline through a pipeline; the observation bin is arranged in the first organic glass pipeline; the rod net mechanism comprises a driving component and a plurality of stages of connected grids, and the driving component drives the plurality of stages of grids of the rod net mechanism to move up and down in the mixing barrel and the second organic glass pipeline, so that the rod net mechanism realizes the function of isotropic turbulence in the mixing barrel and the second organic glass pipeline; the mixing barrel is positioned above the second organic glass pipeline, and the stirrer is positioned in the mixing barrel; the middle of the mixing barrel is provided with a through hole for the rod net mechanism to pass through. The flocculating constituent which is generated by the invention and has isotropic turbulence and uniform and stable distribution is an ideal flocculation experiment observation object, and can carry out various scientific experiments such as flocculating constituent particle size, strength, fractal dimension, settling velocity, flocculation balance time and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device for observing flocculation of fine-particle viscous sediment, and belongs to the field of engineering machinery.
Background
The river mouth suspended fine-particle silt is easy to flocculate to form flocs (flocs) or aggregates (aggregates) with different shapes and particle sizes spanning several orders of magnitude (10 < -6 > -10 < -3 > m and possibly larger sea snow). Individual flocks can be viewed as independent micro-ecosystems with abundant moisture and porosity, consisting of inorganic (e.g., clay minerals) and organic (e.g., microorganisms, exopolymers, bacteria) multi-source particles. Under the action of several factors of local physics, chemistry and biology, the flocs are always in the high-frequency change state of coalescence and fragmentation, and their material composition, grain size, effective density and form structure are also continuously regulated. The essential characteristics of multi-process participation and multi-factor influence bring great challenges to flocculation in-situ observation and interdisciplinary research; nevertheless, flocculation is always the basic process which cannot be avoided in the research of fine-particle silt, and the flocculation has very important significance in the basic problem layers of silt transportation and sedimentation, element and nutrient salt circulation, pollutant migration and diffusion and the like at the river mouth.
The undisturbed in-situ observation of the flocs is always a technical bottleneck for the flocculation research of the viscous silt. Currently, there are three main observation modes: a laser diffraction system, a photographing/imaging system, and an acoustic signal conversion method. However, the results of field observation are influenced by various factors, and it is difficult to mechanistically discuss the basic process of flocculation. Therefore, the experimental device for flocculation of the fine-particle viscous silt is designed and manufactured, the influence of various single physical, chemical and biological factors or the composite action of the factors on flocculation is considered under the action of ideal isotropic turbulence, the basic process and mechanism of flocculation can be deeply disclosed, and beneficial guidance is provided for field observation and population balance simulation of flocculation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the existing research method is difficult to realize the research on the floc evolution process and the driving mechanism under the action of multiple factors, the invention provides the experimental device for observing sediment flocculation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an experimental device for observing silt flocculation comprises a first organic glass pipeline, a second organic glass pipeline, a rod net mechanism, an observation bin, a mixing barrel and a stirrer; the second organic glass pipeline is connected with the first organic glass pipeline; the observation bin is arranged in the first organic glass pipeline; the rod net mechanism comprises a driving assembly and multiple levels of connected grids, the driving assembly is connected with the first grid, and the multiple levels of grids are connected with each other; the driving assembly drives the multi-stage grids of the rod net mechanism to move up and down in the mixing barrel and the second organic glass pipeline, so that the rod net mechanism realizes the function of isotropic turbulence in the mixing barrel and the second organic glass pipeline; the mixing barrel is positioned above the second organic glass pipeline, and the stirrer is positioned in the mixing barrel; the middle of the mixing barrel is provided with a through hole for the rod net mechanism to pass through.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the experimental device for observing sediment flocculation, provided by the invention, is highly suitable for the flow state characteristics in estuary water flow, and the turbulence flow state, flocculation driving factors and flocculating constituent structural characteristics generated by the experimental device, is a high simulation of the real environment in estuary water flow, can provide a mechanism analysis idea and way for the sediment flocculation field observation result, and solves the problem that the conventional research method is difficult to realize the floc evolution process and the driving mechanism research under the multi-factor action.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a support mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an observation cabin in an embodiment of the present invention, where (1) is a schematic structural diagram of an entire observation cabin assembled with a first organic glass pipeline, (2) is a schematic structural diagram of an observation cabin body, and (3) is a schematic structural diagram of an organic glass rod, a shifter, etc. on the observation cabin;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bar net mechanism and its drive configuration in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a drive assembly of the lever net mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rod net mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a stirring mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the mixing tub and the stirring mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a second plexiglass tube configuration in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a first plexiglass tube construction of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a truss structure in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a floc image acquisition system in an embodiment of the invention;
the reference numbers in the figures: 1-bent pipe, 2-connector, 3-truss, 4-first organic glass pipeline, 5-second organic glass pipeline, 6-mixing barrel, 7-stirrer, 8-first motor, 9-guide rod, 10-first screw rod, 11-reducer, 12-second motor, 13-first nut, 14-water valve, 15-drain pipe, 16-first double-headed screw, 17-first flange, 18-second flange, 19-second screw rod, 20-connector, 21-first bolt, 22-first organic glass pipe, 23-shifter, 24-organic glass rod, 25-observation bin, 26-rubber ring, 27-second double-headed screw, 28-plate, 29-organic glass plate, 30-first grid, 31-third double-headed screw, 32-second grid, 33-third flange, 34-second plexiglas tube, 35-third plexiglas tube, 36-camera, 37-cable, 38-computer, 39-baffle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the experimental apparatus for observing flocculation of silt in this embodiment includes a drainage mechanism, a supporting mechanism, a rod net mechanism, an observation bin, a mixing tank, and a stirring mechanism; the device specifically comprises a bent pipe 1, a connector 2, a truss 3, a first organic glass pipeline 4, a second organic glass pipeline 5, a mixing barrel 6, a stirrer 7, a first motor 8, a guide rod 9, a first screw rod 10, a speed reducer 11, a second motor 12, a first nut 13, a water valve 14, a water discharge pipe 15, a first double-headed screw 16, a first flange 17, a second flange 18, a second screw rod 19, a connector 20, a first bolt 21, a first organic glass pipe 22, a shifter 23, an organic glass rod 24, an observation cabin 25, a rubber ring 26, a second double-headed screw 27, a plate 28, an organic glass plate 29, a first grid 30, a third double-headed screw 31, a second grid 32, a third flange 33, a second organic glass pipe 34, a third organic glass pipe 35, a camera 36, a cable 37 and a computer 38. The camera 36, cable 37 and computer 38 make up the floe image acquisition system.
The drainage mechanism comprises a second organic glass pipe 34, a bent pipe 1, a third organic glass pipe 35, a water valve 14 and a drainage pipe 15 which are sequentially connected, wherein the second organic glass pipe 34 and the bent pipe 1 are connected through a connector 2, and the water valve is connected between the third organic glass pipe and the drainage pipe. Mixing barrel 6, second organic glass pipeline 5, first organic glass pipeline 4 and third flange 33 link together through first nut 13, first bolt 21, and second organic glass pipe 34 one end is passed the through-hole in the middle of third flange 33 and is communicated with first organic glass pipeline 4, and the other end connects gradually interface 2, return bend 1, interface 2, third organic glass pipe 35, water valve 14, drain pipe 15.
In this embodiment, the supporting mechanism includes a first flange 17, a second screw rod 19, a second flange 18 and a first double-headed screw 16, and the second screw rod and the first double-headed screw are provided with a plurality of screws; two first flanges are arranged and are respectively positioned above and below the second flange; the two first flanges are fixedly connected with the second flange through the plurality of second screw rods, and the second flange is fixedly connected with the first flange below the second flange through the plurality of first double-headed screws. The first flange 17, the second screw rod 19, the second flange 18 and the first double-headed screw 16 are connected together through the first nut 13 and connected with the first organic glass pipeline 4 through the third flange 33 for supporting the weight of the upper end of the third flange 33.
Observe the storehouse 25 and bond in first organic glass pipeline 4, organic glass board 29 is located and observes storehouse 25 upper and lower extreme and be located the inslot formation of observing storehouse 25 and slide vice, organic glass stick 24 one end bonds together with organic glass board 29, the organic glass stick is established intraductally in organic glass, rubber circle 26 is located and plays sealed effect and do not influence organic glass stick 24 and the interior free horizontal slip of organic glass pipe 22 between organic glass stick 24 and first organic glass pipe 22, it bonds and is used for promoting organic glass stick 24 freely to slide and drive organic glass board 29 in organic glass pipe 22 in the inslot of observing storehouse 25 on organic glass stick 24 to dial the ware 23, thereby form the closed space of observing in the storehouse 25.
The rod network mechanism comprises a driving assembly and a multi-stage connected grid, wherein the driving assembly comprises a second motor 12, a speed reducer 11, a first screw rod 10 and a connector 20; the connector 20 is connected to the first mesh by a stud screw, and the multi-stage meshes are connected to each other by a stud screw. The second motor 12 is in interference fit with the speed reducer 11, the first lead screw 10 is located in the speed reducer 11, that is, the speed reducer 11 converts the rotation of the second motor 12 into the up-and-down movement of the first lead screw 10, one end of the first lead screw 10 is fixed at the middle position of the connector 20, one ends of the guide rod 9 and the second stud screw 27 are fixed at the corresponding hole on the connector 20 through the first nut 13, the speed reducer 11 is fixed on the plate 28 through the first bolt 21 and the first nut 13, and the plate 28 is fixed on the truss 3 through the first bolt 21 and the first nut 13.
In this embodiment, the other end of the second stud screw 27, the first mesh 30, the third stud screw 31, and the second mesh 32 are fixed together by the first nut 13 to form a bar net mechanism. The second motor 12 drives the multistage grids of the rod net mechanism to move up and down in the mixing barrel and the multistage second organic glass pipeline 5 through the first screw rod 10, so that the rod net mechanism achieves the function of isotropic turbulence in the mixing barrel and the multistage second organic glass pipeline. First motor 8 is fixed on truss 3 through first bolt 21, first nut 13, and its axle and 7 interference fit of agitator, thereby first motor 8 drives 7 rotations of agitator this moment and realizes forming the flocculating constituent to the mixture of the aquatic sand grain and flocculating agent in the blending tank 6.
The mixing barrel 6 is arranged at the upper end of the truss 3 and is positioned above the multistage second organic glass pipeline; two stirrers 7 are arranged and are positioned in the mixing barrel; the mixing barrel is oval, a through hole for the rod net mechanism to pass through is arranged in the middle of the mixing barrel, and a baffle 39 is arranged on the side face of the through hole. After the agitator rotates the sand and the flocculating agent that make in the mixing drum and mixes and form the flocculating constituent, manually takes out baffle 39, makes the flocculating constituent pass through second organic glass pipeline 5, flows in first organic glass pipeline 4.
In this embodiment, the second organic glass pipeline sets up a plurality ofly and all can take a sample in order to make this experimental apparatus at the co-altitude to the silt flocculation state of the different degree of depth of simulation estuary. The mixing barrel is internally provided with an annular structure, and the hollow position in the mixing barrel is used for the rod net structure to pass through. Thereby make the pole net structure can descend in the multistage second organic glass pipeline, realize the simulation of blending tank and multistage second organic glass pipeline interior isotropic turbulence.
The main working principle of this embodiment is:
(1) the observation bin 25 is adhered in the first organic glass pipeline 4, the organic glass plate 29 is positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the observation bin 25 and is positioned in the groove of the observation bin 25 to form a sliding pair, one end of the organic glass rod 24 is adhered with the organic glass plate 29, the rubber ring 26 is positioned between the organic glass rod 24 and the organic glass tube 22 to play a sealing role and does not influence the free left-right sliding of the organic glass rod 24 in the organic glass tube 22, the shifter 23 is adhered on the organic glass rod 24 and is used for pushing the organic glass rod 24 to freely slide left and right in the organic glass tube 22 and driving the organic glass plate 29 to slide left and right in the groove of the observation bin 25 to form a closed space in the observation bin 25, when the floccule is formed by mixing the sand and the flocculating agent in the water in the mixing barrel 6 and the floccule is settled to the first organic glass pipeline 4, through the closed space in the observation bin 25, individual observation is selectively carried out on the flocculating constituent.
(2) The second motor 12 is in interference fit with the speed reducer 11, the first lead screw 10 is located in the speed reducer 11, namely, the speed reducer 11 converts the rotation of the second motor 12 into the up-and-down movement of the first lead screw 10, one end of the first lead screw 10 is fixed in the middle of the connector 20, one end of the guide rod 9 and one end of the second stud screw 27 are fixed in the corresponding hole on the connector 20 through the first nut 13, the speed reducer 11 is fixed on the plate 28 through the first bolt 21 and the first nut 13, the plate 28 is fixed on the truss 3 through the first bolt 21 and the first nut 13, the other end of the second stud screw 27 is fixed with the first grid 30, the third stud screw 31 and the second grid 32 through the first nut 13 to form a bar net mechanism, namely, the second motor 12 drives the bar net mechanism to move up and down in the mixing barrel and the multi-stage second organic glass pipeline through the first lead screw 10, and the up-and down movement and movement speeds of the bar net mechanism are realized by controlling the forward and reverse rotation and rotation speeds of the second motor 12 The isotropy of the water flow turbulence in the barrel and the multistage second organic glass pipeline approximately simulates the isotropy pulsation value in seawater.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. An experimental device for observing silt flocculation is characterized by comprising a first organic glass pipeline, a second organic glass pipeline, a rod net mechanism, an observation bin, a mixing barrel and a stirrer; the second organic glass pipeline is connected with the first organic glass pipeline; the observation bin is arranged in the first organic glass pipeline;
the rod net mechanism comprises a driving assembly and multiple levels of connected grids, the driving assembly is connected with the first grid, and the multiple levels of grids are connected with each other; the driving assembly drives the multi-stage grids of the rod net mechanism to move up and down in the mixing barrel and the second organic glass pipeline, so that the rod net mechanism realizes the function of isotropic turbulence in the mixing barrel and the second organic glass pipeline;
the mixing barrel is positioned above the second organic glass pipeline, and the stirrer is positioned in the mixing barrel; a through hole for the rod net mechanism to pass through is arranged in the middle of the mixing barrel;
the upper end and the lower end of the observation bin are provided with organic glass plates, the organic glass plates are positioned in the grooves of the observation bin to form sliding pairs, the organic glass plates are connected with organic glass rods positioned in the organic glass tubes, and the organic glass rods are provided with pokers; the poking device is used for pushing the organic glass rod to freely slide in the organic glass tube and driving the organic glass plate to slide in the groove of the observation bin.
2. The experimental facility for observing sediment flocculation according to claim 1, wherein a baffle is arranged on the side surface of the through hole of the mixing barrel; after the agitator rotates the sand grain that makes in the mixing drum and the flocculating agent mixture formation flocculating constituent, take out the baffle and make the flocculating constituent pass through the second organic glass pipeline, flow in first organic glass pipeline.
3. The experimental device for observing sediment flocculation of claim 2, wherein the mixing tank is oval, and two stirrers are arranged and are both arranged in the mixing tank.
4. The experimental device for observing sediment flocculation of claim 1, wherein the second organic glass pipeline is provided with multiple stages, and the multiple stages of the second organic glass pipelines are connected in series and then connected between the mixing barrel and the first organic glass pipeline.
5. The experimental device for observing sediment flocculation of claim 1, further comprising a drainage mechanism, wherein the drainage mechanism comprises a second organic glass tube, a bent tube, a third organic glass tube, a water valve and a drainage tube which are sequentially connected, the second organic glass tube and the bent tube are connected through a connector, and the water valve is connected between the third organic glass tube and the drainage tube; the second organic glass tube is communicated with the first organic glass pipeline.
6. The experimental facility for observing sediment flocculation according to claim 1, wherein the experimental facility further comprises a supporting mechanism, and the supporting mechanism comprises a first flange, a screw rod and a second flange; two first flanges are arranged and are respectively positioned above and below the second flange; the two first flanges are fixedly connected with the second flange through a screw rod; the supporting mechanism is connected with the first organic glass pipeline through a third flange.
7. The experimental facility for observing sediment flocculation according to claim 1, wherein the driving assembly of the rod-net mechanism comprises a motor, a reducer, a screw rod and a connector, the connector is connected with the first grid through a double-headed screw, and the multi-stage grids are connected with each other through the double-headed screw; the motor is in interference fit with the speed reducer, and the screw rod is positioned in the speed reducer; the motor drives the multistage grids of the rod net mechanism to move up and down in the mixing barrel and the second organic glass pipeline through the screw rod.
8. The experimental facility for observing sediment flocculation according to claim 1, wherein the stirrer is driven by a motor; the motor driving the stirrer is fixed on the truss, and the shaft of the motor is in interference fit with the stirrer.
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WO2023209421A1 (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-11-02 | Zare Manizani Mohammad | Sediment analysis software along with scanning electron microscope toolbox for image processing |
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US5616831A (en) * | 1995-04-21 | 1997-04-01 | Alcan International Limited | Process and apparatus for controlling gravity settling system |
FI20165282A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-02 | Kemira Oyj | A method and system for optimizing coagulation and / or flocculation in a water treatment process |
CN106769717B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2023-06-09 | 重庆市生态环境科学研究院 | Can observe test device of stickness silt flocculation subsidence under different velocity gradients |
CN209662681U (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-11-22 | 安庆市月铜钼业有限公司 | A kind of molybdenum calcining processing wastewater sedimentation device |
CN109839335A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-04 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | The flocculating setting experimental system of a variety of hydrodynamic forces and concentration environment can directly be observed |
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