CN112558181B - Sensitivity calibration method and device for near-field detector of marine air gun - Google Patents
Sensitivity calibration method and device for near-field detector of marine air gun Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a sensitivity calibration method and a device of a near-field detector of an ocean air gun, wherein the sensitivity calibration method of the near-field detector of the ocean air gun comprises the following steps: collecting a wavelet signal of each marine air gun in the marine air gun array through the near field detector; and generating a sensitivity calibration value of the near-field detector according to a maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated by the ocean air gun and the distance between the ocean air gun and the near-field detector and the wavelet signal. The near-field wavelet acquisition method can obtain accurate and effective near-field wavelet calibration sensitivity, can meet the requirement of industrial production, effectively improves near-field wavelet acquisition precision, and further can provide more accurate near-field wavelet data for quality control of the near-field wavelet of the air gun focus and synthesis of far-field wavelet of the air gun array by using the near-field wavelet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine oil exploration, in particular to a method and a device for calibrating sensitivity of a near-field detector of an air gun, which are applied to the acquisition and quality control technology of near-field wavelet signals of an air gun source in marine seismic exploration.
Background
In marine seismic exploration, an air gun array is used as a main excitation source, and is formed by combining a plurality of single guns or coherent guns formed by a plurality of groups of double guns according to a certain space geometric relationship. During the air gun excitation process, a near field pickup is typically mounted at a distance of 1m above each single gun or each set of coherent guns in the air gun array in order to be able to record the wavelet signals to each single gun or each set of coherent guns. The near-field wavelet signals collected by the near-field detector have important significance for the quality control of the excitation energy, wavelet morphology and synchronization time of each single gun or each group of coherent guns; and the accuracy of the near-field wavelet recorded by the near-field detector directly influences the accuracy of synthesizing the far-field wavelet of the air gun array by utilizing the air gun near-field wavelet.
Typically, the airgun near field pickup is provided with a manufacturer-specified intrinsic sensitivity value. However, in the field seismic exploration process, on one hand, because the near-field geophone is arranged in an air gun array on the deck of an exploration ship, certain signal energy attenuation can be caused by connecting the near-field geophone with an air gun excitation and acquisition system in a ship cabin through a longer cable; on the other hand, the air gun vibration source frequently generates high-voltage impact on the near-field detector in the continuous excitation process, so that the near-field detector works for a long time in a high-voltage and high-strength environment, and the inherent sensitivity of the near-field detector can be changed. Resulting in a reduced accuracy of the recorded air gun near field wavelet values.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the method and the device for calibrating the sensitivity of the near-field detector of the ocean air gun can be established, the near-field detector can be calibrated in field production, inherent sensitivity change caused by the influence of the working environment of the near-field detector is improved, accurate calibration sensitivity is obtained, the recording precision of acquired near-field wavelets of the air gun is improved, and more accurate near-field wavelet data is provided for quality control of near-field wavelets of an air gun focus and synthesis of far-field wavelets of the air gun array by using the near-field wavelets.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for calibrating sensitivity of a near field pickup of an ocean air gun, comprising:
collecting a wavelet signal of each marine air gun in the marine air gun array through the near field detector;
And generating a sensitivity calibration value of the near-field detector according to a maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated by the ocean air gun and the distance between the ocean air gun and the near-field detector and the wavelet signal.
In one embodiment, the capturing, by the near field pickup, the wavelet signal for each marine air gun in the marine air gun array comprises: each marine air gun is excited in sequence, and all near-field detectors receive the wavelet signals of the marine air gun at the same time.
In one embodiment, the method for calibrating sensitivity of the near field pickup of the marine air gun further comprises:
and calculating the maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated after the marine air gun is excited according to the model, capacity, pressure and depth of sinking of the marine air gun.
In one embodiment, before collecting the wavelet signal of each marine air gun of the marine air gun array by the near field pickup, the method further comprises:
and (5) exciting the preheating gun for a plurality of times for each marine air gun.
In one embodiment, the capturing, by the near field pickup, a wavelet signal for each marine air gun of the marine air gun array comprises:
and exciting the ocean air guns for a plurality of times and collecting the wavelet signals of each ocean air gun through the near-field detector, wherein the times of exciting the ocean air guns are not less than 5 times.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a sensitivity calibration apparatus for a near field pickup of a marine air gun using a sensitivity calibration method for a near field pickup of a marine air gun, the apparatus comprising:
an acquisition unit for acquiring a wavelet signal of each marine air gun in the marine air gun array through the near field pickup;
and the generating unit is used for generating a sensitivity calibration value of the near-field detector according to a maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated by the ocean air gun, the distance between the ocean air gun and the near-field detector and the wavelet signal.
In one embodiment, the sensitivity calibration device of the near field detector of the marine air gun further comprises: and the calculating unit is used for calculating the maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated after the marine air gun is excited according to the model, the capacity, the pressure and the sinking depth of the marine air gun.
In one embodiment, the sensitivity calibration device of the near field detector of the marine air gun further comprises: and the preheating unit is used for exciting the preheating cannons for a plurality of times for each marine air gun.
In one embodiment, the acquisition unit is specifically configured to excite the marine air guns multiple times and acquire the wavelet signal of each marine air gun through the near-field detector, where the number of times of exciting the marine air gun is not less than 5 times.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the steps of a method for calibrating the sensitivity of a near field detector of an ocean air gun.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of a method of calibrating sensitivity of a near field detector of an marine air gun.
From the above description, the invention provides a method and a device for calibrating sensitivity of a near-field detector of an ocean air gun, which obtain basic data required by field calibration of the near-field detector by adopting a mode that air guns in an air gun array are sequentially excited and all near-field detectors in the array are simultaneously received; and then establishing a relation between the actual peak value of the wavelet recorded by the near-field detector, the theoretical peak value of the wavelet of the air gun, the relative distance between the air gun and the near-field detector and the calibration sensitivity of the near-field detector, so as to obtain the calibration sensitivity value of the near-field detector. The invention provides a set of standardized operation method and device for the on-site calibration of the air gun source near-field detector for marine seismic exploration, can obtain accurate and effective near-field detector calibration sensitivity, can meet the industrial production requirement, effectively improves the near-field wavelet acquisition precision, and further can provide more accurate near-field wavelet data for quality control of the air gun source near-field wavelet and synthesis of the air gun array far-field wavelet by using the near-field wavelet.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calibrating sensitivity of a near field pickup of an ocean air gun according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a second flow chart of a method for calibrating sensitivity of a near field pickup of an ocean air gun according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for calibrating sensitivity of a near field pickup of an ocean air gun according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for calibrating sensitivity of a near field detector of an ocean air gun according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view showing the spatial relative positional relationship between an air gun and a near field pickup in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a near field sub-wave pattern received by 18 near field detectors in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the average peak value of the air gun wavelet signal received by each near field pickup in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a sensitivity calibration apparatus for a near field detector of an ocean air gun according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a second schematic diagram of a sensitivity calibration apparatus for a near field detector of an ocean air gun according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram III of a sensitivity calibration device for a near field detector of an ocean air gun according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
With increasing marine exploration degree, the air gun array excitation source is increasingly applied, and in the marine seismic exploration process, the distance between the detector and the air gun array excitation source and the connecting cable between the air gun array excitation source and the acquisition system are longer, so that signal energy is attenuated, in addition, the air gun source can impact the near-field detector in the excitation process, so that the sensitivity of the near-field detector is changed, and further the accuracy of near-field wavelets recorded by the near-field detector is reduced, and the embodiment of the invention provides a specific implementation of a sensitivity calibration method of the marine air gun near-field detector, which specifically comprises the following steps of:
Step 100: a wavelet signal for each marine air gun in the array of marine air guns is acquired by the near field pickup.
It will be appreciated that a seismic wavelet is a component of a convolution model of a seismic record and generally refers to a seismic pulse consisting of 2 to 3 or more phases, specifically a far field time domain response of the velocity or pressure of particle motion (marine detectors) recorded by the seismic source through complex subsurface paths of the seismic source.
Step 200: and generating a sensitivity calibration value of the near-field detector according to a maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated by the ocean air gun and the distance between the ocean air gun and the near-field detector and the wavelet signal.
From the principle of geometric diffusion, the amplitude value of the air gun wavelet signal is inversely related to the propagation distance. The instant sensitivity error value of each near-field detector during each gun excitation can be calculated by utilizing the theoretical wavelet peak value generated by each gun excitation, namely the maximum amplitude standard value, the propagation distance and the near-field wavelet peak value of the gun wavelet signal.
From the above description, the present invention provides a method for calibrating sensitivity of a near-field detector of an ocean air gun, which obtains basic data required for field calibration of the near-field detector by sequentially exciting air guns in an air gun array and simultaneously receiving all near-field detectors in the array; and then establishing a relation between the actual peak value of the wavelet recorded by the near-field detector, the theoretical peak value of the wavelet of the air gun, the relative distance between the air gun and the near-field detector and the calibration sensitivity of the near-field detector, so as to obtain the calibration sensitivity value of the near-field detector. The invention provides a set of standardized operation method and device for the on-site calibration of the air gun source near-field detector for marine seismic exploration, can obtain accurate and effective near-field detector calibration sensitivity, can meet the industrial production requirement, effectively improves the near-field wavelet acquisition precision, and further can provide more accurate near-field wavelet data for quality control of the air gun source near-field wavelet and synthesis of the air gun array far-field wavelet by using the near-field wavelet.
In one embodiment, step 100 includes:
step 101: the acquiring, by the near field pickup, a wavelet signal for each marine air gun in a marine air gun array, comprising: each marine air gun is excited in sequence, and all near-field detectors receive the wavelet signals of the marine air gun at the same time.
In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 2, the method of calibrating sensitivity of a near field pickup of an ocean air gun further comprises:
Step 300: and calculating the maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated after the marine air gun is excited according to the model, capacity, pressure and depth of sinking of the marine air gun.
Specifically, theoretical simulation can be performed according to the conditions of the model, capacity, pressure, depth of sinking and the like of the actual excited air gun, so as to obtain the maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated after the excitation of the marine air gun;
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, before collecting the wavelet signal of each sea air gun of the sea air gun array by the near field geophone, further comprises:
step 400: and (5) exciting the preheating gun for a plurality of times for each marine air gun.
The purpose of step 400 is to bring the airguns to a steady state of excitation, specifically, each airgun in an airgun array, one by one, wherein each airgun requires at least 2 pre-heat guns to be excited first.
In one embodiment, step 200 is specifically: and exciting the ocean air guns for a plurality of times and collecting the wavelet signals of each ocean air gun through the near-field detector, wherein the times of exciting the ocean air guns are not less than 5 times.
When each air gun is excited, all near-field detectors in the air gun array collect the air gun wavelet signals, and the near-field wavelet data of all air gun excitation recorded by the near-field detectors are collected.
From the above description, the present invention provides a method for calibrating sensitivity of a near-field detector of an ocean air gun, which obtains basic data required for field calibration of the near-field detector by sequentially exciting air guns in an air gun array and simultaneously receiving all near-field detectors in the array; and then establishing a relation between the actual peak value of the wavelet recorded by the near-field detector, the theoretical peak value of the wavelet of the air gun, the relative distance between the air gun and the near-field detector and the calibration sensitivity of the near-field detector, so as to obtain the calibration sensitivity value of the near-field detector. The invention provides a set of standardized operation method and device for the on-site calibration of the air gun source near-field detector for marine seismic exploration, can obtain accurate and effective near-field detector calibration sensitivity, can meet the industrial production requirement, effectively improves the near-field wavelet acquisition precision, and further can provide more accurate near-field wavelet data for quality control of the air gun source near-field wavelet and synthesis of the air gun array far-field wavelet by using the near-field wavelet.
To further illustrate the present solution, the present invention provides a specific application example of the sensitivity calibration method of the near-field detector of an ocean air gun, which specifically includes the following, see fig. 4.
The airgun array in this particular application example consisted of 3 airgun sub-arrays, each having 12 airguns, each two airguns forming a set of coherent guns, for a total of 36 airguns. The depth of sinking of the air gun in the water was 6m and the air gun firing pressure was 2000psi. One near field pickup is installed 1m directly above the center position of each group of coherent guns, namely, the sinking depth of the near field pickup is 5m, and 18 near field pickup are total. See fig. 5.
In this embodiment, for example, the 7 th air gun of the 3 rd sub-array is used to introduce the spatial position coordinates of the air gun and the near-field detectors, and the plan view of the spatial relative positional relationship between the air gun and the 18 near-field detectors in the array is shown in fig. 5.
S0: the relative distance of the air gun to all near field detectors is calculated.
S1: the air gun is excited and the wavelet signal is acquired by the near field detector.
Step S1 is implemented by: after excitation of the 7 th air gun of the 3 rd subarray, the wavelet signals received by the 18 near field detectors are shown in fig. 6, and the signal energy received by the 16 th near field detector is strongest because the air gun is nearest to the 16 th near field detector. The 10-shot wavelet data of the air gun excitation received by the 18 near-field detectors are imported to obtain average maximum amplitude, namely average peak value of the wavelet signals recorded by each near-field detector, as shown in fig. 7 (the average value of the wavelet signal peak values of 10-shot wavelet signals of the 3 rd sub-array received by the 18 near-field detectors is obtained and plotted in fig. 7).
When the air gun is excited, the exploration ship is required to navigate at a constant speed under the condition of stable sea conditions, and the air gun array is towed in the sea water to excite the air gun source.
S2: and calculating a theoretical standard value of the maximum amplitude which can be generated by the marine air gun.
Specifically, the model number of the 7 th air gun of the 3 rd subarray is Bolt1900LLXT, the capacity of the air gun is 100cu.in., the excitation pressure is 2000psi, the sinking depth is 6m, and after the near-field wavelet of the air gun is subjected to theoretical simulation by using an air gun wavelet simulation model Nucleus, the theoretical near-field wavelet peak value of the air gun is 3.6bar.m.
S3: the calibration sensitivity of each near field pickup at the time of excitation of the air gun was calculated.
According to theoretical near-field wavelet peak value data of the 7 th air gun of the 3 rd subarray, according to the relation between the actual peak value of the wavelet, the theoretical peak value of the air gun wavelet, the relative distance between the air gun and the near-field detector and the calibration sensitivity of the near-field detector recorded by the near-field detector in the formula (1), the calibration sensitivity of each near-field detector during excitation of the air gun is obtained through calculation.
For the near field wavelet generated by the j-th airgun excitation recorded by the i-th near field pickup, the near field wavelet peak P i can be expressed by the following formula:
Pi＝Si*Pmj/Rij(1)
s i is the sensitivity after the i-th near-field detector is calibrated; p mj is the theoretical peak value of the wavelet generated by the excitation of the j-th air gun, namely the maximum amplitude standard value of the wavelet signal of the air gun, and the theoretical peak value can be obtained by utilizing an air gun wavelet simulation model Nucleus and carrying out theoretical simulation according to the conditions such as the model, the capacity, the pressure, the depth of sinking and the like of the actually excited air gun; r ij is the relative distance between the ith detector and the jth air gun, and the amplitude value of the air gun wavelet signal is inversely related to the propagation distance according to the geometrical diffusion principle. By using the formula, the instant sensitivity value of each near-field detector during excitation of each gun can be calculated.
S4: the average of all near field detector calibration sensitivities is calculated.
All near field wavelet data from 36 air guns in the air gun array and recorded by 18 near field detectors were processed in batch according to steps S0-S3 to obtain the calibration sensitivities of the 18 near field detectors by averaging, as shown in table 1. In the field seismic exploration production, after the near-field detector is calibrated on site, the acquired near-field wavelet of the air gun is converted through the calibration sensitivity, so that more accurate and reliable near-field wavelet data can be obtained.
Table 1 18 near field detector calibration sensitivity values
| Near field detector numbering | Hyd1 | Hyd2 | Hyd3 | Hyd4 | Hyd5 | Hyd6 | Hyd7 | Hyd8 | Hyd9 | Hyd10 | Hyd11 | Hyd12 | Hyd13 | Hyd14 | Hyd15 | Hyd16 | Hyd17 | Hyd18 |
| Calibrating sensitivity values | 0.798 | 0.603 | 0.569 | 0.477 | 0.718 | 0.530 | 0.761 | 0.822 | 0.797 | 0.639 | 0.666 | 0.532 | 0.760 | 0.715 | 0.748 | 0.951 | 0.725 | 0.263 |
From the above description, the present invention provides a method for calibrating sensitivity of a near-field detector of an ocean air gun, which obtains basic data required for field calibration of the near-field detector by sequentially exciting air guns in an air gun array and simultaneously receiving all near-field detectors in the array; and then establishing a relation between the actual peak value of the wavelet recorded by the near-field detector, the theoretical peak value of the wavelet of the air gun, the relative distance between the air gun and the near-field detector and the calibration sensitivity of the near-field detector, so as to obtain the calibration sensitivity value of the near-field detector. The invention provides a set of standardized operation method and device for the on-site calibration of the air gun source near-field detector for marine seismic exploration, can obtain accurate and effective near-field detector calibration sensitivity, can meet the industrial production requirement, effectively improves the near-field wavelet acquisition precision, and further can provide more accurate near-field wavelet data for quality control of the air gun source near-field wavelet and synthesis of the air gun array far-field wavelet by using the near-field wavelet.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a sensitivity calibration device of the near-field detector of the marine air gun, which can be used for realizing the method described in the embodiment, such as the following embodiment. The principle of solving the problem of the sensitivity calibration device of the near-field detector of the ocean air gun is similar to that of the sensitivity calibration method of the near-field detector of the ocean air gun, so that the implementation of the sensitivity calibration device of the near-field detector of the ocean air gun can be implemented by referring to the sensitivity calibration method of the near-field detector of the ocean air gun, and repeated parts are omitted. As used below, the term "unit" or "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements the intended function. While the system described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
The embodiment of the invention provides a specific implementation mode of a sensitivity calibration device of a near-field detector of an ocean air gun, which can realize the sensitivity calibration method of the near-field detector of the ocean air gun, and referring to fig. 8, the sensitivity calibration device of the near-field detector of the ocean air gun specifically comprises the following contents:
an acquisition unit 10 for acquiring a wavelet signal of each marine air gun in the marine air gun array by the near field pickup;
And a generating unit 20, configured to generate a sensitivity calibration value of the near-field pickup according to a maximum amplitude standard value that can be generated by the marine air gun, a distance between the marine air gun and the near-field pickup, and the wavelet signal, which are acquired in advance.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the sensitivity calibration device of the near field detector of the marine air gun further comprises:
and the calculating unit 30 is used for calculating the maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated after the marine air gun is excited according to the model, the capacity, the pressure and the sinking depth of the marine air gun.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 10, the sensitivity calibration device of the near field detector of the marine air gun further comprises:
and a preheating unit 40 for exciting the preheating gun a plurality of times for each marine air gun.
In one embodiment, the acquisition unit is specifically configured to excite the marine air guns multiple times and acquire the wavelet signal of each marine air gun through the near-field detector, where the number of times of exciting the marine air gun is not less than 5 times.
From the above description, the present invention provides a sensitivity calibration device for a near-field detector of an ocean air gun, which obtains basic data required for field calibration of the near-field detector by adopting a mode that air guns in an air gun array are sequentially excited and all near-field detectors in the array are simultaneously received; and then establishing a relation between the actual peak value of the wavelet recorded by the near-field detector, the theoretical peak value of the wavelet of the air gun, the relative distance between the air gun and the near-field detector and the calibration sensitivity of the near-field detector, so as to obtain the calibration sensitivity value of the near-field detector. The invention provides a set of standardized operation method and device for the on-site calibration of the air gun source near-field detector for marine seismic exploration, can obtain accurate and effective near-field detector calibration sensitivity, can meet the industrial production requirement, effectively improves the near-field wavelet acquisition precision, and further can provide more accurate near-field wavelet data for quality control of the air gun source near-field wavelet and synthesis of the air gun array far-field wavelet by using the near-field wavelet.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a specific implementation manner of an electronic device capable of implementing all the steps in the sensitivity calibration method of the near-field detector of the marine air gun in the above embodiment, and referring to fig. 11, the electronic device specifically includes the following contents:
A processor 1201, a memory 1202, a communication interface (CommunicationsInterface) 1203, and a bus 1204;
Wherein the processor 1201, the memory 1202 and the communication interface 1203 perform communication with each other through the bus 1204; the communication interface 1203 is configured to implement information transmission among related devices such as a server device, a seismic data acquisition device, and a user device.
The processor 1201 is configured to invoke a computer program in the memory 1202, where the processor executes the computer program to implement all the steps in the sensitivity calibration method of the near-field detector of the marine air gun in the above embodiment, for example, the processor executes the computer program to implement the following steps:
Step 100: a wavelet signal for each marine air gun in the array of marine air guns is acquired by the near field pickup.
Step 200: and generating a sensitivity calibration value of the near-field detector according to a maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated by the ocean air gun and the distance between the ocean air gun and the near-field detector and the wavelet signal.
As can be seen from the above description, the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application obtains the basic data required for the field calibration of the near-field detectors by sequentially exciting the air guns in the air gun array and simultaneously receiving all the near-field detectors in the array; and then establishing a relation between the actual peak value of the wavelet recorded by the near-field detector, the theoretical peak value of the wavelet of the air gun, the relative distance between the air gun and the near-field detector and the calibration sensitivity of the near-field detector, so as to obtain the calibration sensitivity value of the near-field detector. The application provides a set of standardized operation method and device for the on-site calibration of the air gun source near-field detector for marine seismic exploration, can obtain accurate and effective near-field detector calibration sensitivity, can meet the industrial production requirement, effectively improves the near-field wavelet acquisition precision, and further can provide more accurate near-field wavelet data for quality control of the air gun source near-field wavelet and synthesis of the air gun array far-field wavelet by using the near-field wavelet.
An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all the steps in the sensitivity calibration method of a marine air gun near-field detector in the above embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements all the steps in the sensitivity calibration method of a marine air gun near-field detector in the above embodiment, for example, the processor implements the following steps when executing the computer program:
Step 100: a wavelet signal for each marine air gun in the array of marine air guns is acquired by the near field pickup.
Step 200: and generating a sensitivity calibration value of the near-field detector according to a maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated by the ocean air gun and the distance between the ocean air gun and the near-field detector and the wavelet signal.
As can be seen from the above description, the computer readable storage medium in the embodiment of the present application obtains the basic data required for the field calibration of the near field detectors by sequentially exciting the air guns in the air gun array and simultaneously receiving all the near field detectors in the array; and then establishing a relation between the actual peak value of the wavelet recorded by the near-field detector, the theoretical peak value of the wavelet of the air gun, the relative distance between the air gun and the near-field detector and the calibration sensitivity of the near-field detector, so as to obtain the calibration sensitivity value of the near-field detector. The application provides a set of standardized operation method and device for the on-site calibration of the air gun source near-field detector for marine seismic exploration, can obtain accurate and effective near-field detector calibration sensitivity, can meet the industrial production requirement, effectively improves the near-field wavelet acquisition precision, and further can provide more accurate near-field wavelet data for quality control of the air gun source near-field wavelet and synthesis of the air gun array far-field wavelet by using the near-field wavelet.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for a hardware+program class embodiment, the description is relatively simple, as it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, as relevant see the partial description of the method embodiment.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.
Although the application provides method operational steps as described in the examples or flowcharts, more or fewer operational steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive labor. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one way of performing the order of steps and does not represent a unique order of execution. When implemented by an actual device or client product, the instructions may be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment) as shown in the embodiments or figures.
Although the present description provides method operational steps as described in the examples or flowcharts, more or fewer operational steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive means. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one way of performing the order of steps and does not represent a unique order of execution. When implemented in an actual device or end product, the instructions may be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment, or even in a distributed data processing environment) as illustrated by the embodiments or by the figures. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, it is not excluded that additional identical or equivalent elements may be present in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a described element.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Claims (11)
1. A method for calibrating sensitivity of a near field pickup of an ocean air gun, comprising:
collecting a wavelet signal of each marine air gun in the marine air gun array through the near field detector;
generating a sensitivity calibration value of the near-field detector according to a maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated by the ocean air gun and a distance between the ocean air gun and the near-field detector and the wavelet signal, wherein the maximum amplitude standard value can be obtained in advance;
the generating a sensitivity calibration value of the near-field pickup according to a maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated by the marine air gun and a distance between the marine air gun and the near-field pickup and the wavelet signal, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
According to the geometrical diffusion principle, the amplitude value of the air gun wavelet signal is inversely related to the propagation distance, and the theoretical wavelet peak value generated by each air gun excitation, namely the maximum amplitude standard value, the propagation distance and the near-field wavelet peak value of the air gun wavelet signal are used for respectively calculating the instant sensitivity error value of each near-field detector when each gun is excited, so that the sensitivity calibration value is calculated.
2. The method of sensitivity calibration according to claim 1, wherein said acquiring, by said near field pickup, a wavelet signal for each marine air gun in the array of marine air guns comprises: each marine air gun is excited in sequence, and all near-field detectors simultaneously receive the wavelet signals of the marine air gun.
3. The sensitivity calibration method according to claim 1, further comprising:
and calculating the maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated after the marine air gun is excited according to the model, capacity, pressure and depth of sinking of the marine air gun.
4. The sensitivity calibration method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to acquiring the wavelet signal for each marine air gun of the marine air gun array by the near field pickup:
and (5) exciting the preheating gun for a plurality of times for each marine air gun.
5. The method of sensitivity calibration according to claim 1, wherein said acquiring, by said near field pickup, a wavelet signal for each marine air gun of a marine air gun array, comprises:
and exciting the ocean air guns for a plurality of times and collecting the wavelet signals of each ocean air gun through the near-field detector, wherein the times of exciting the ocean air guns are not less than 5 times.
6. A sensitivity calibration device for a near field detector of an ocean air gun, comprising:
an acquisition unit for acquiring a wavelet signal of each marine air gun in the marine air gun array through the near field pickup;
The generating unit is used for generating a sensitivity calibration value of the near-field detector according to a maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated by the ocean air gun, a distance between the ocean air gun and the near-field detector and the wavelet signal, which are acquired in advance;
the generating a sensitivity calibration value of the near-field pickup according to a maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated by the marine air gun and a distance between the marine air gun and the near-field pickup and the wavelet signal, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
According to the geometrical diffusion principle, the amplitude value of the air gun wavelet signal is inversely related to the propagation distance, and the theoretical wavelet peak value generated by each air gun excitation, namely the maximum amplitude standard value, the propagation distance and the near-field wavelet peak value of the air gun wavelet signal are used for respectively calculating the instant sensitivity error value of each near-field detector when each gun is excited, so that the sensitivity calibration value is calculated.
7. The sensitivity calibration device according to claim 6, further comprising:
And the calculating unit is used for calculating the maximum amplitude standard value which can be generated after the marine air gun is excited according to the model, the capacity, the pressure and the sinking depth of the marine air gun.
8. The sensitivity calibration device according to claim 6, further comprising:
and the preheating unit is used for exciting the preheating cannons for a plurality of times for each marine air gun.
9. The sensitivity calibration device according to claim 6, wherein the acquisition unit is specifically configured to excite the marine air gun a plurality of times and acquire the wavelet signal of each of the marine air guns through the near field pickup, wherein the number of times the marine air gun is excited is not less than 5 times.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor performs the steps of the method for calibrating sensitivity of a marine air gun near field pickup according to any of claims 1 to 5.
11. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the sensitivity calibration method of a marine air gun near field pickup according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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