CN112485125A - Tunnel model test device and method capable of controlling soil loss rate - Google Patents
Tunnel model test device and method capable of controlling soil loss rate Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
- G01N2203/0046—Vacuum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/023—Pressure
- G01N2203/0234—Low pressure; Vacuum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel model test device and a test method capable of controlling soil loss rate, which solve the problem that the soil loss rate cannot be controlled in the prior art, have the beneficial effect of accurately controlling the soil loss rate, and have the following specific schemes: a tunnel model test device capable of controlling soil mass loss rate comprises a tunnel main body structure module, a tunnel main body structure module and a multi-stage sleeve structure, wherein the multi-stage sleeve structure is provided with at least 3 sleeves and can be installed in a model test box; the hydraulic control module comprises a film sealing bin in which liquid is arranged, the film sealing bin is arranged on the outer side of the innermost sleeve in the multi-stage sleeve structure, and the liquid in the film sealing bin can flow out of the multi-stage sleeve structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering model tests, in particular to a tunnel model test device and a tunnel model test method capable of controlling soil mass loss rate.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The subway serves as an important role in relieving ground traffic pressure and saving energy and reducing emission, and the construction of the subway becomes an indispensable link in the urban construction and development process. With the development and construction of urban underground rail transit, subway construction can affect the surrounding environment. Because the highway section that subway tunnel passes through is mostly the intensive central zone of building, the stratum loss that produces in the construction process, the redistribution of surrounding soil body stress field all can be led to reasons such as the change of surrounding pore water pressure and the deformation of shield segment lining, thereby the soil body takes place the displacement and leads to the upper portion earth's surface to produce and subside the deformation, and then influences surrounding building and produce phenomenons such as fracture, slope and subside. Therefore, it is important to study the problem of the environmental impact of the subway tunnel on the adjacent buildings and the like.
At present, the inventor finds that most of the existing tunnel test models use a homemade small-sized shield machine to simulate the excavation process until a tunnel is formed, for example, the patent with the publication number of CN107091633A simulates the excavation process of the shield machine by adopting the propelling of a thin steel pipe, but the invention does not relate to the soil loss caused by construction factors in the shield excavation process. To solve the problem of soil loss caused by uneven construction or grouting under real working conditions, patent publication No. CN111103192A proposes that a deformation control device filled with water is wrapped around a pipeline, and the interaction between tunnel excavation and surrounding rocks is dynamically simulated by pumping water, so that although the soil loss in the excavation process can be simulated, the soil loss rate cannot be controlled, and the obvious soil arching effect of an experimental device in the experimental process is not considered, so that the reference value for practical engineering is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil mass loss rate, which can accurately control the soil mass loss rate, reduce the influence of the soil arch effect on the test by controlling the liquid discharge rate, simulate the stress-strain relationship of a tunnel model under corresponding working conditions, accurately reflect the influence of the soil mass loss on the surrounding environment and provide data support for relevant theoretical research.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a tunnel model test device of controllable soil mass loss rate includes:
the tunnel main body structure module comprises a multistage sleeve structure provided with at least 3 sleeves, the multistage sleeve structure can be installed in the model test box, the innermost sleeve in the multistage sleeve structure is annularly closed, the sleeves except the innermost sleeve are respectively arranged in a hollow manner, and two adjacent sleeves can be communicated in the moving process so that sand in the model test box enters the multistage sleeve structure;
the hydraulic control module comprises a film sealing bin in which liquid is arranged, the film sealing bin is arranged on the outer side of the innermost sleeve in the multi-stage sleeve structure, and the flowing speed of the liquid in the film sealing bin from the multi-stage sleeve structure is controllable;
and the measuring module comprises a strain gauge arranged on the inner wall of the multi-stage sleeve structure.
In the model test device, the sleeves on the outer side of the tunnel main body structure module can be communicated, when the hollow parts are arranged in a staggered manner, the parts of the tunnel main body structure can conveniently extend into the model test box, when a test is started, the hollow positions are aligned, so that sand bodies in the model test box can enter a multi-stage sleeve structure, the simulation of a soil body loss process is realized, liquid in the film sealing bin is pumped out through the hydraulic control module, the sand bodies further enter the outer side of the innermost sleeve, and the volume reduction amount of the film sealing bin can reflect the inflow amount of standard sand, so that the aim of controlling the soil body loss rate is fulfilled; through the speed of controlling the liquid outflow of film seal storehouse, reduce the influence of soil arch effect to the experiment to through measuring module's setting, record the soil body and lose in-process tunnel model device inner wall atress situation of change.
According to the tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate, the multistage sleeve structure comprises three sleeves which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, and the first-stage outer sleeve on the outer side and the second-stage outer sleeve on the middle part are slidably arranged so that the hollow parts of the first-stage outer sleeve and the second-stage outer sleeve are communicated; the innermost core barrel is fixedly connected with the secondary outer sleeve, and the innermost core barrel and the secondary outer sleeve cannot slide relatively.
According to the tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate, in order to accommodate the film sealing bin, a cavity is formed between the core barrel and the secondary outer sleeve, and the film sealing bin is arranged in the cavity.
According to the tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate, the film sealing bin comprises a film, silicone oil is arranged in the film, the film is communicated with the oil pumping pipeline, and the oil pumping pipeline penetrates through the secondary outer sleeve;
the oil pumping pipeline is provided with a fluid valve at the outer side of the secondary outer sleeve, so that the outflow speed of silicone oil in the film sealed bin is controlled, and the effective control of the loss rate of soil is realized.
According to the tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate, the measuring module further comprises a vacuum pressure gauge arranged on the outer side of the secondary outer sleeve, and the measuring end of the vacuum pressure gauge is arranged on the inner side of the film sealing bin and used for measuring the soil pressure around the tunnel model test device in the soil loss process.
As above tunnel model test device of controllable soil body loss rate, the second grade outer sleeve outside sets up the displacement stopper, and the displacement stopper is used for cooperating with one-level outer sleeve tip, carries on spacingly to the second grade outer sleeve when one-level outer sleeve and second grade outer sleeve fretwork position communicate with each other.
According to the tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate, the length of the core barrel is longer than that of the secondary outer sleeve so as to ensure that other sleeves are supported.
The tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil mass loss rate further comprises a device fixing ring arranged on the annular multistage sleeve structure, the device fixing ring is arranged on one side of the hollow part of the multistage sleeve structure, and the device fixing ring is provided with an opening for fixing the tunnel main structure module to the model test box.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a tunnel model test method capable of controlling the soil loss rate, which comprises the tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate.
The tunnel model test method capable of controlling the soil loss rate comprises the following steps:
stretching the hollow section of the multi-stage sleeve structure into a model test box;
moving the sleeve in the middle relative to the sleeve on the outermost side to realize the communication of the sleeve on the outer side at the hollow position, and enabling the sand body in the model test box to enter the multi-stage sleeve structure;
the hydraulic control module pumps liquid out of the film sealing bin for multiple times so that sand enters the secondary sleeve and acts on the outer side of the film sealing bin;
and recording the change condition of the numerical value through the measuring module until the liquid in the film sealed bin is pumped out.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) the test device can be arranged in a model test box, can realize the simulation of the soil loss process, and can control the soil loss rate by pumping out the liquid in the film sealed bin through the hydraulic control module and enabling the sand body to enter the inner side of the secondary sleeve; the influence of the soil arch effect on the test is reduced by controlling the liquid outflow speed of the thin film sealed bin, and the influence of the soil loss on the surrounding environment can be accurately reflected by recording the stress strain condition of the tunnel model test device in the soil loss process through the arrangement of the measurement module, so that data support is provided for relevant theoretical research;
and the test device can carry out multiunit test according to single variable relation, also can cooperate other equipment to carry out the simulation of loading and soil body excavation simultaneously in the model test case is experimental, can provide reliable experimental basis for theoretical research.
2) The test device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple result, convenience in operation, easiness in obtaining of model materials and capability of adjusting the size of the model according to the test requirement.
3) According to the invention, the soil body can enter the inner side of the secondary sleeve through the arrangement of the film sealing bin, the liquid pumping speed and the liquid pumping time in the film sealing bin are controlled through the fluid valve, the liquid pumping amount of the film sealing bin can be effectively controlled, and the soil body loss rate is further effectively controlled.
4) According to the invention, the strain gauge is arranged in the core barrel, so that the change condition of the internal force on the wall of the core barrel in the soil loss process is recorded, and the actual engineering is facilitated.
5) According to the invention, through the provision of the tunnel model test method, the soil mass loss rate can be accurately controlled, the influence of the soil arch effect on the test is reduced by controlling the liquid pumping speed, the stress change condition of the tunnel model under the corresponding working condition can be simulated, the influence of the soil mass loss on the surrounding environment can be accurately reflected, and data support is provided for relevant theoretical research.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel model testing apparatus for controlling a soil loss rate according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a primary outer sleeve and a secondary outer sleeve of a tunnel model testing apparatus for controlling a soil loss rate according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a secondary outer sleeve and a core barrel of a tunnel model testing apparatus for controlling a soil loss rate according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of a tunnel model testing apparatus for controlling a soil loss rate according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
In the figure: the spacing or dimensions between each other are exaggerated to show the location of the various parts, and the schematic is shown only schematically.
Wherein: 1-1 is a device fixing ring, 1-2 is a primary outer sleeve, 1-3 is a secondary outer sleeve, 1-4 is a core cylinder, 2-1 is a sealing ring, 2-2 is a vacuum pressure gauge, 2-3 is a displacement limiting block, 3-1 is a film sealing bin, 3-2 is a magnetic control fluid valve, 4-1 is a magnetic control fluid valve dial, 4-2 is a magnetic control fluid valve switch key, 4-3 is an oil pumping pipeline, and 4-4 is the inner wall of the core cylinder.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate correspondence with up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Term interpretation section: the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" may be fixed, detachable, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the present invention should be understood as having specific meanings to those skilled in the art.
As introduced in the background art, the problems in the prior art are solved by the invention, and the invention provides a tunnel model test device and a tunnel model test method capable of controlling the soil mass loss rate.
In a typical embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a tunnel model testing apparatus capable of controlling a soil loss rate includes a tunnel main body structure module, a hydraulic control module, and a measurement module. The tunnel main body structure module comprises a device fixing ring 1-1 and a multi-stage sleeve structure, the multi-stage sleeve structure can be mounted in the model test box through the device fixing ring, the part of the multi-stage structure extends into the model test box, a hydraulic control module and a measuring module are arranged in the multi-stage sleeve structure, and the measuring module can measure the internal stress of the multi-stage sleeve structure.
The multistage sleeve structure comprises a first-stage outer sleeve 1-2, a second-stage outer sleeve 1-3 and a core barrel 1-4 which are arranged from outside to inside, the three sleeves are nested in sequence, and a displacement limiting block 2-3 used for limiting the movement of the first-stage outer sleeve 1-2 is arranged on one side of the operation end of the second-stage outer sleeve.
The hydraulic control module comprises a film sealed bin 3-1, a fluid valve and an oil pumping pipeline 4-3 for connecting the film sealed bin and the fluid valve, wherein the film sealed bin 3-1 is tightly connected with a secondary outer sleeve 1-3 and a core barrel 1-4 through a sealing ring 2-1, namely a set distance is reserved between the secondary outer sleeve and the core barrel to form a cavity, and the film sealed bin is arranged in the cavity; the measuring module comprises a vacuum pressure gauge 2-2 and a strain gauge of the inner wall 4-4 of the core cylinder.
The device fixing ring 1-1 is formed by combining an outer ring and a first pipe and fixedly connected by using a strong adhesive, the first pipe is arranged in the annular direction of a first-level outer sleeve 1-2 and is a PVC pipe, the metal outer ring is arranged in the annular direction of the PVC pipe, the metal outer ring can be connected to a reserved position on the side wall of the model test box through a bolt to fix the whole device, meanwhile, the device fixing ring and the first-level outer sleeve connecting part are PVC pipes, the first pipe is also connected with the first-level outer sleeve by using the strong adhesive, and the strong adhesive can achieve a good fixedly connecting effect.
Further, the length of the first pipe is smaller than that of the first-stage outer sleeve, the outer ring is fixed at the end of the first pipe, an opening for a bolt to penetrate through is formed in the outer ring, the opening is formed in the axial direction of the first pipe, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs can be arranged between the outer ring and the first pipe.
The first-stage outer sleeve 1-2 can adopt PVC pipes, the second-stage outer sleeve 1-3 can also adopt PVC pipes, as shown in a reference figure 2, the first-stage outer sleeve and the second-stage outer sleeve are all arranged in a hollow mode on one side of a fixing ring of the device, the parts, arranged in a model test box, of the first-stage outer sleeve and the second-stage outer sleeve are arranged in hollow modes at intervals, semi-annular hollow can be specifically conducted, along with sliding of the second-stage outer sleeve 1-3, the semi-annular hollow parts of the first-stage outer sleeve and the second-stage outer sleeve are gradually overlapped to form gaps, sand bodies, namely standard sand, located in the model test box are flushed with the standard sand, the.
Wherein, it can be understood that, because the displacement limiting blocks 2-3 are arranged at the upper part of one side of the operation end of the secondary outer sleeve 1-3, when the secondary outer sleeve 1-3 is pushed to the position completely overlapped with the hollow parts of the primary outer sleeve 1-2, the displacement limiting blocks 2-3 play a role to limit the continuous movement of the secondary outer sleeve 1-3, thereby maintaining the stability of the device.
The displacement limiting block is made of PVC materials and is fixed on the upper portion of one side of the operation end of the secondary outer sleeve by strong glue, and when the secondary outer sleeve is pushed to move to the state that the hollow-out portion of the secondary outer sleeve is completely overlapped with the hollow-out portion of the primary outer sleeve, the displacement limiting block is clamped at the port of the primary outer sleeve, so that the secondary outer sleeve is limited to continue moving.
In addition, it can be understood that the port of the primary outer sleeve arranged at one side of the model box is sealed by adopting a PVC material, so that standard sand is prevented from flowing in from one side of the primary outer sleeve; meanwhile, the port of the second-stage outer sleeve, which is arranged at one side of the model box, is sealed by adopting a PVC material, so that standard sand is prevented from flowing into the model box from one side.
The core barrel 1-4 can also be made of PVC pipe, wherein one side of the core barrel is annularly provided with a sealing ring 2-1 to realize the connection with the end part of the second-stage outer sleeve, and the sealing ring is arranged on the outer side of the core barrel, so that the core barrel is fixedly connected with the second-stage outer sleeve 1-3 at the port of one side of the model test box, namely the core barrel 1-4, the film sealed bin 3-1 and the second-stage outer sleeve 1-3 do not slide relatively. And a strain gauge is attached to the 4-4 position of the inner wall of the core cylinder and used for measuring the stress change condition of the inner wall of the tunnel model in the test process.
The vacuum pressure gauge measures the liquid pressure in the film sealing bin through the sealing ring, and waterproof sealing treatment is carried out on the interface position of the vacuum pressure gauge and the sealing ring.
Referring to fig. 3, a film sealed bin 3-1 is tightly attached between the secondary outer sleeve and the core barrel 1-3, the film sealed bin comprises a film, oil is arranged in the film, specifically, the whole film sealed bin is filled with the polytetrafluoroethylene film and silicon oil in the film, wherein the silicon oil is adopted because the volume change of the silicon oil is not easily influenced by the temperature effect, and the adaptability to the environment is good. When the amount of silicone oil in the film seal bin 3-1 is reduced, the standard sand confined around the film seal bin can flow into the inner cavity of the secondary sleeve and press on the seal film along with the reduction of the volume of the film seal bin 3-1.
The fluid valve is a magnetic control fluid valve 3-2, the oil pumping pipeline is connected to the inside of the film sealing bin through a sealing ring and used for extracting silicon oil in the film sealing bin and measuring and controlling the volume of liquid extracted from the film sealing bin.
The hollow-out section of the tunnel model test device extends into the model test box, and one side of the operation end of the tunnel model test device mainly refers to one side provided with a vacuum pressure gauge 2-2, a magnetic control fluid valve 3-2 and an oil pumping pipeline 4-3. The magnetic control fluid valve controls the amount of silicon oil in the film sealed bin 3-1, and the displacement of the secondary outer sleeve 1-3 can be controlled at the operation end.
A tunnel model test method capable of controlling a soil loss rate, which is shown in fig. 1 to 4, and includes the tunnel model test apparatus capable of controlling a soil loss rate, which specifically includes the following contents:
the first-stage outer sleeve and the second-stage outer sleeve are distributed in a staggered mode in the hollow-out position, the device is in a closed state initially, the whole testing device is installed and positioned on a model testing box according to simulation requirements and is buried by standard sand, leveling and standing are carried out after filling is completed, the standing time is generally 12-24 hours, and line connection on a strain box (connected with a strain gauge) can be checked again in the period;
when the test is carried out, firstly, the value of the vacuum pressure gauge 2-2 is calibrated and zeroed, the data of the strain box is zeroed, and after the value of the vacuum pressure gauge is stable, the data is recorded. At the moment, a magnetic control fluid valve power supply is switched on, and an oil well pump is prepared to be connected to an oil pumping pipeline for subsequent silicone oil pumping;
pushing the secondary outer sleeve 1-3 to the position where the displacement limiting block 2-3 limits the displacement, enabling the hollow parts of the primary outer sleeve and the secondary outer sleeve to be in dislocation, extruding the film sealed bin by the standard sand at the moment, observing the numerical value change of the vacuum pressure gauge 2-2, and making a corresponding record after the numerical value is stable;
clicking an on-off key 4-2 of a magnetic control fluid valve 3-2, observing whether a dial 4-1 of the magnetic control fluid valve is in a normal state, sequentially extracting a set amount of silicone oil from an oil pumping pipeline 4-3 according to variables divided by a test, strictly controlling the oil pumping speed in the oil pumping process to avoid adverse effects on a test result due to a large soil arch effect generated in a model test box caused by excessive soil mass loss, pausing oil pumping after each oil pumping, observing the numerical value change condition of a vacuum pressure gauge 2-2, and performing next oil pumping after the numerical value is stable;
repeating the operation until all the silicone oil in the film sealing bin 3-1 is pumped out, closing the magnetic control fluid valve 3-2, and disconnecting the oil well pump;
in the oil pumping process, the change condition of the numerical value is recorded through the strain gauge of the measuring module so as to obtain the change condition of the internal force on the inner wall of the core tube of the tunnel model.
Wherein, the strain gauge and the terminal welding circuit inside the core tube can be connected to the strain box through the operation end side of the core tube.
Before the first-stage outer sleeve and the second-stage outer sleeve slide relatively, the device is in a closed state to protect the film sealed bin, so that the stability of the initial pressure value of the film sealed bin is ensured, and the film sealed bin is not affected by the operation of the device in the landfill process. After the first-stage outer sleeve and the second-stage outer sleeve slide relatively, the hollow-out positions of the two stages of sleeves are gradually overlapped along with the movement of the sleeves, the standard sand is in contact with the film sealing bin at the moment, and the standard sand surrounds the film sealing bin to generate confining pressure. When the pressure of the outer side of the film and the pressure of the liquid at the inner side reach a stable balanced state, the liquid in the film sealing bin is gradually and slowly extracted, and the volume reduction of the film sealing bin can reflect the inflow amount of standard sand, so that the aim of controlling the loss rate of the soil body is fulfilled.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel model test device of controllable soil mass loss rate which characterized in that includes:
the tunnel main body structure module comprises a multistage sleeve structure provided with at least 3 sleeves, the multistage sleeve structure can be installed in the model test box, the innermost sleeve in the multistage sleeve structure is annularly closed, the sleeves except the innermost sleeve are respectively arranged in a hollow manner, and two adjacent sleeves can be communicated in the moving process so that sand in the model test box enters the multistage sleeve structure;
the hydraulic control module comprises a film sealing bin in which liquid is arranged, the film sealing bin is arranged on the outer side of the innermost sleeve in the multi-stage sleeve structure, and the speed of the liquid in the film sealing bin flowing out of the multi-stage sleeve structure is controllable.
2. The tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate according to claim 1, wherein the multistage sleeve structure comprises three sleeves which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, and the first-stage outer sleeve on the outer side and the second-stage outer sleeve in the middle part are slidably arranged; the innermost core cylinder is fixedly connected with the secondary outer sleeve.
3. The tunnel model test device for controlling soil loss rate according to claim 2, wherein a cavity is formed between the core cylinder and the secondary outer sleeve, and the film sealing bin is arranged in the cavity.
4. The tunneling model test apparatus for controlling soil loss according to claim 3, wherein the membrane sealed chamber comprises a membrane, silicone oil is disposed in the membrane, the membrane is communicated with an oil pumping pipeline, and the oil pumping pipeline penetrates through the secondary outer sleeve;
the oil pumping pipeline is provided with a fluid valve at the outer side of the secondary outer sleeve.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the measurement module further comprises a vacuum pressure gauge disposed outside the secondary outer sleeve, and a measurement end of the vacuum pressure gauge is disposed inside the membrane-sealed chamber.
6. The tunnel model test device capable of controlling the soil loss rate according to claim 2, wherein a displacement limiting block is arranged on the outer side of the secondary outer sleeve and used for being matched with the end part of the primary outer sleeve.
7. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the core cylinder is longer than the secondary outer sleeve.
8. The tunnel model test device for controlling soil mass loss rate according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel main structure module further comprises a device fixing ring arranged in the annular direction of the multi-stage sleeve structure, the device fixing ring is arranged at one side of the hollow part of the multi-stage sleeve structure, and the device fixing ring is provided with an opening for fixing the tunnel main structure module to the model test box.
9. A tunnel model test method capable of controlling soil loss rate, which is characterized by comprising the tunnel model test device capable of controlling soil loss rate according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The method of claim 9 for testing a tunnel model with controllable soil loss rate, comprising the following steps:
stretching the hollow section of the multi-stage sleeve structure into a model test box;
moving the middle sleeve relative to the outermost sleeve to realize the communication of the outer sleeves at the hollow positions, and enabling sand bodies in the model test box to enter the multi-stage sleeve structure;
the hydraulic control module pumps liquid out of the film sealing bin for multiple times so that sand enters the outer side of the innermost sleeve of the multi-stage sleeve structure;
and recording the change condition of the numerical value through the measuring module until the liquid in the film sealed bin is pumped out.
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| CN114659895A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-06-24 | 西南交通大学 | Simulation device and simulation method for shield tunnel segment deformation and ground surface settlement |
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