CN112305639A - Optical fiber acquisition chain test system and method - Google Patents
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- CN112305639A CN112305639A CN202011175553.2A CN202011175553A CN112305639A CN 112305639 A CN112305639 A CN 112305639A CN 202011175553 A CN202011175553 A CN 202011175553A CN 112305639 A CN112305639 A CN 112305639A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test system and a test method for an optical fiber acquisition chain, wherein the test system comprises a light source, a modulator, an optical attenuator, a detection assembly and an oscilloscope, can monitor the loss generated by coiling each optical fiber geophone carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain and a tail fiber of an optical fiber coupler at a corresponding position on line, and can test the length error of a transmission optical fiber between adjacent optical fiber geophones so as to improve the production efficiency and the yield of the optical fiber acquisition chain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber testing, in particular to a system and a method for testing an optical fiber acquisition chain.
Background
At present, energy and mineral products in China are supplied to a reserve target layer by 3000 meters, but more than 90% of deep detection key equipment and data processing high-end software depend on import, and the exploration technology in China is generally in a 'running-following' state. Therefore, development of exploration equipment for geological structures in deep land with depth of 3000 meters or less is urgently needed, and the independent innovation capability and equipment level of earth science exploration instruments in China are improved.
At the present stage, the seismic data acquisition equipment taking the moving coil as the main stream has the problems of difficult power supply, large electromagnetic interference, slow data transmission and the like, and the development of the seismic exploration technology is limited to a certain extent. The optical fiber seismic data acquisition system has the advantages of no need of power supply for the detector array, strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, fast data transmission and the like. The optical fiber acquisition chain is one of core components of an optical fiber seismic data acquisition system and can be sensitive to seismic wave signals generated by a seismic source.
The optical fiber acquisition chain is a time division multiplexing unit of the optical fiber geophone array, and each optical fiber acquisition chain can carry 8 optical fiber geophones, so that the use efficiency of the optical cable is improved. Compared with the space division multiplexing mode, the time division multiplexing mode can reduce the number of cores of optical fibers in the detector array, thereby reducing the volume and the weight of the detector array unit and enhancing the portability of equipment and the practicability of the system.
The test of the optical fiber acquisition chain mainly aims at the performance test of the whole chain, and the test content comprises the insertion loss corresponding to the position of each detector in the optical fiber acquisition chain and the length error of the transmission optical fiber between adjacent detectors. For the test of the insertion loss of the optical fiber acquisition chain, the conventional method is to inject an optical signal with known power into an input port of the acquisition chain, test the optical power of an output port of the acquisition chain, and calculate the insertion loss of the entire acquisition chain through the numerical values of the input and output optical powers. The method can only estimate the insertion loss of the whole chain, belongs to a post-test means, and cannot perform online monitoring on the insertion loss of each detector position in the acquisition chain. The optical fiber acquisition chain which does not meet the requirements after the test needs to be maintained by disassembling the packaging box, and the insertion loss of the whole chain is tested again after the maintenance is finished, so that the production efficiency of the optical fiber acquisition chain is reduced. For the length error of the transmission optical fiber of the optical fiber acquisition chain, the conventional method is to accurately test the lengths of the optical fiber in the transmission optical cable, the tail fiber of the optical fiber coupler and the like in the production process of the acquisition chain by using a length tester so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the transmission length error of the acquisition chain. In order to avoid the length error of the transmission optical fiber between adjacent optical fiber detectors in the acquisition chain from exceeding an allowable value due to human errors and other reasons during batch production, the length error needs to be tested.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a system and a method for testing an optical fiber acquisition chain, aiming at the defects.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an optical fiber acquisition chain test system comprises a light source, a modulator, an optical attenuator, a detection assembly and an oscilloscope; the light source is connected with the modulator, the modulator is connected with the optical attenuator, the optical attenuator is connected with the optical fiber acquisition chain, the optical fiber acquisition chain is connected with the detection assembly, and the detection assembly is connected with the oscilloscope.
Further, in the optical fiber acquisition chain test system, the light source is a wide-spectrum light source or a narrow-linewidth laser light source.
A test method of an optical fiber collection chain comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing the test system of claims 1-2 using a light source, a modulator, an optical attenuator, a probe assembly, and an oscilloscope, the light source being a wide-spectrum light source;
(2) the light emitted by the wide-spectrum light source is modulated into pulse light after passing through the modulator, the light power is attenuated into a range suitable for being received by the detection assembly through the optical attenuator, and after photoelectric conversion, the peak-to-peak value of the pulse is obtained through observation of the oscilloscope and is used as a reference value of an input pulse signal of the optical fiber acquisition chain;
(3) light emitted by the wide-spectrum light source is modulated into pulse light after passing through the modulator, the pulse light after passing through the optical attenuator is injected into the optical fiber acquisition chain, and after photoelectric conversion, output pulse signal peak values of a plurality of optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain are obtained through sequential observation of the oscilloscope;
(4) and obtaining the insertion loss corresponding to the positions of the plurality of optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain by comparing the reference value of the input pulse signal of the optical fiber acquisition chain with the peak value of the output pulse signal of the plurality of optical fiber geophones.
Further, in the optical fiber acquisition chain testing method, the width of the modulation pulse applied by the modulator is less than t0The period of the modulation pulse is not less than m t0；
Wherein, L is the length of the transmission optical fiber between adjacent optical fiber geophones in the optical fiber acquisition chain, c is the speed of the optical fiber in vacuum, n is the refractive index of the optical fiber, and m is the number of the optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain.
Further, in the optical fiber acquisition chain testing method, the number m of the optical fiber geophones is 8, 16 or 32.
Further, in the optical fiber acquisition chain testing method, the attenuation values of the optical attenuators in the step (1) and the step (2) are kept consistent.
A test method of an optical fiber collection chain comprises the following steps:
(1) building a test system according to claims 1-2 by using a light source, a modulator, an attenuator, a detection assembly and an oscilloscope, wherein the light source is a narrow linewidth laser light source;
(2) the optical fiber seismic detector comprises a modulator, an optical attenuator, an oscilloscope, a transmission fiber and a transmission fiber, wherein light emitted by the narrow-linewidth laser light source is modulated into pulse light after passing through the modulator, then the pulse light after passing through the optical attenuator is injected into the optical fiber acquisition chain, the pulse light after passing through the optical attenuator can generate interference signals in the optical fiber seismic detector carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain, and after photoelectric conversion, the transmission time corresponding to the transmission fiber between the adjacent optical fiber seismic detectors carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain is obtained through waveform analysis of the oscilloscope, namely the transmission fiber length error of the adjacent optical fiber seismic detectors in the optical fiber acquisition chain.
Further, in the method for testing the fiber collection chain, the width of the modulation pulse applied by the modulator is t0The period of the modulation pulse is not less than m t0；
Wherein, L is the length of the transmission optical fiber between adjacent optical fiber geophones in the optical fiber acquisition chain, c is the speed of the optical fiber in vacuum, n is the refractive index of the optical fiber, and m is the number of the optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain.
Further, in the optical fiber acquisition chain testing method, the number m of the optical fiber geophones is 8, 16 or 32.
Further, in the method for testing an optical fiber acquisition chain, the resolution R of the length error of the transmission fiber is as follows:
wherein fs is the sampling rate of the oscilloscope, c is the speed of the optical fiber in vacuum, and n is the refractive index of the optical fiber.
The invention has the advantages and effects that:
the optical fiber acquisition chain test system and method provided by the invention can monitor the loss generated by coiling each optical fiber geophone carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain and the tail fiber of the optical fiber coupler at the corresponding position on line, test the length error of the transmission optical fiber between the adjacent optical fiber geophones and improve the production efficiency and yield of the optical fiber acquisition chain.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test input pulse in embodiment 1 of a fiber collection chain test system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a test output pulse in embodiment 1 of the optical fiber acquisition chain test system provided by the invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the optical fiber acquisition chain test system provided by the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-wide spectrum light source, 2-narrow line width laser light source, 3-modulator, 4-optical attenuator, 5-detection component, 6-oscilloscope and 7-optical fiber acquisition chain.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
it is understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as meaning that a number of one element or element is one in one embodiment, while a number of other elements is one in another embodiment, and the terms "a" and "an" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, numbers, steps, operations, components, elements, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, elements, or groups thereof.
The optical fiber acquisition chain test system comprises a light source, a modulator, an optical attenuator, a detection assembly and an oscilloscope. The light source is connected with the modulator, the modulator is connected with the optical attenuator, the optical attenuator is connected with the optical fiber acquisition chain, the optical fiber acquisition chain is connected with the detection assembly, and the detection assembly is connected with the oscilloscope.
Fig. 1 and 2 show schematic diagrams of an embodiment 1 of a fiber collection chain test system provided by the invention. When testing the insertion loss of the fiber optic acquisition chain, the light source employs a broad spectrum light source, as shown in fig. 1. The test system comprises a wide-spectrum light source, a modulator, an optical attenuator, a detection assembly and an oscilloscope. The wide-spectrum light source is connected with the modulator, the modulator is connected with the optical attenuator, the optical attenuator is connected with the optical fiber acquisition chain, the optical fiber acquisition chain is connected with the detection assembly, and the detection assembly is connected with the oscilloscope. Because the coherence length of the wide-spectrum light source is short, and the optical fiber geophone carried in the optical fiber acquisition chain adopts an unbalanced optical fiber Michelson interferometer, interference signals cannot be generated, and stable optical signals can be received on the detector. Therefore, the difference between the optical signal magnitude of the input fiber collection chain and the optical signal magnitude of the output fiber collection chain depends on the insertion loss of the fiber collection chain itself. The insertion loss corresponding to the position of each optical fiber geophone in the optical fiber acquisition chain can be obtained by observing the sizes of the input optical signal and the output optical signal of each optical fiber geophone in the optical fiber acquisition chain.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the optical fiber acquisition chain test system provided by the invention. When the length error of the transmission optical fiber of the adjacent optical fiber geophone in the optical fiber acquisition chain is tested, the light source adopts a narrow linewidth laser light source. The test system comprises a narrow linewidth laser light source, a modulator, an optical attenuator, a detection assembly and an oscilloscope. The narrow-linewidth laser light source is connected with the modulator, the modulator is connected with the optical attenuator, the optical attenuator is connected with the optical fiber acquisition chain, the optical fiber acquisition chain is connected with the detection assembly, and the detection assembly is connected with the oscilloscope. Because the coherent length of the narrow-linewidth laser light source is long, interference signals can be generated in an optical fiber geophone carried in an optical fiber acquisition chain, and fluctuation of waveforms can be seen after photoelectric conversion, so that subsequent waveform analysis is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the optical attenuator and the optical fiber acquisition chain are connected by a patch cord. The joint of the optical attenuator is a tail fiber of FC/APC, and the joint of the optical fiber collecting chain is a 2-core optical cable aerial plug (or an optical cable connector). One end of the patch cord is a 2-core optical cable aviation plug socket, and the other end is 2 FC/APC tail fibers. One tail fiber of the patch cord is connected with the optical attenuator through a flange plate, the other tail fiber of the patch cord is connected with the detector tail fiber of the detection assembly through a flange plate, and the 2-core optical cable aviation plug of the optical fiber acquisition chain is directly connected with the 2-core optical cable aviation plug socket of the patch cord.
In an embodiment provided by the present invention, the optical fiber acquisition chain testing method includes the following steps:
(1) a test system is built by utilizing a light source, a modulator, an optical attenuator, a detection assembly and an oscilloscope, and when the insertion loss of an optical fiber acquisition chain is tested, the light source is a wide-spectrum light source;
(2) as shown in fig. 1, light emitted by a wide-spectrum light source 1 is modulated into pulse light by a modulator 3, the optical power is attenuated into a range suitable for being received by a detection assembly 5 by an optical attenuator 4, and after photoelectric conversion, a peak-to-peak value of the pulse is observed by an oscilloscope 6 and is used as a reference value of an input pulse signal of an optical fiber acquisition chain;
(3) as shown in fig. 2, light emitted by a broad spectrum light source 1 is modulated into pulse light by a modulator 3, the pulse light passing through an optical attenuator 4 is injected into an optical fiber acquisition chain 7, and after photoelectric conversion, output pulse signal peak values of a plurality of optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain 7 are sequentially observed by an oscilloscope 6;
(4) and obtaining the insertion loss corresponding to the positions of the plurality of optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain 7 by comparing the reference value of the input pulse signal of the optical fiber acquisition chain with the peak value of the output pulse signals of the plurality of optical fiber geophones.
Wherein, the attenuation values of the optical attenuators in the step (1) and the step (2) are kept consistent. The fiber optic acquisition chain 7 carries 8, 16 or 32 fiber optic geophones for time division multiplexing, i.e. the fiber optic acquisition chain may typically carry 8, 16 or up to 32 fiber optic geophones. Preferably, 8 fiber geophones on the fiber acquisition chain 7 are carried, so that the optical path noise of the fiber acquisition chain is small.
In the above method for testing an optical fiber acquisition chain, if the length of a transmission optical fiber between adjacent optical fiber geophones in the optical fiber acquisition chain is L, the transmission time is:
where c is the speed of the fiber in vacuum and n is the refractive index of the fiber. When testing the insertion loss of the optical fiber acquisition chain, the width of the modulation pulse applied to the modulator is less than t0The period of the modulation pulse should be not less than m t0. m is the number of fibre-optic geophones carried on the fibre-optic acquisition chain, m is preferably 8, 16 or 32.
In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the method for testing the optical fiber collection chain comprises the following steps:
(1) a test system is set up by utilizing a light source, a modulator, an attenuator, a detection assembly and an oscilloscope, and when the length error of a transmission optical fiber of an adjacent optical fiber geophone in an optical fiber acquisition chain is tested, the light source is a narrow linewidth laser light source;
(2) as shown in fig. 3, light emitted by the narrow-linewidth laser light source 2 is modulated into pulsed light by the modulator 3, and then the pulsed light passing through the optical attenuator 4 is injected into the optical fiber acquisition chain 7, the pulsed light passing through the optical attenuator 4 generates interference signals in the optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain 7, and after photoelectric conversion, transmission time corresponding to each transmission optical fiber between adjacent optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain 7, that is, a transmission optical fiber length error of the adjacent optical fiber geophones in the optical fiber acquisition chain, is obtained through waveform analysis by the oscilloscope 6.
In the above method for testing an optical fiber acquisition chain, if the length of a transmission optical fiber between adjacent optical fiber geophones in the optical fiber acquisition chain is L, the transmission time is:
where c is the speed of the fiber in vacuum and n is the refractive index of the fiber. When testing the insertion loss of the optical fiber acquisition chain, the width of the modulation pulse applied to the modulator should be t0The period of the modulation pulse is not less than m t0. m is the number of fibre-optic geophones carried on the fibre-optic acquisition chain, m is preferably 8, 16 or 32.
Specifically, when the length error of the transmission fiber is 0, the range of the fluctuation of the waveform of the interference signal between adjacent detectors is t0(ii) a When the length of the transmission optical fiber is insufficient, namely the length error is-delta t, the range of the fluctuation of the interference signal waveform between adjacent detectors is t0- Δ t; when the length of the transmission fiber exceeds the designed value, i.e. the length error is Δ t, the range of the fluctuation of the interference signal waveform between adjacent detectors is t0+Δt。
Wherein, the resolution of the length error of the transmission optical fiber is related to the sampling rate of the oscilloscope. The resolution R of the transmission fiber length error is as follows:
wherein fs is the sampling rate of the oscilloscope, c is the speed of the optical fiber in vacuum, and n is the refractive index of the optical fiber. That is, the higher the sampling rate of the oscilloscope for testing, the higher the resolution of the transmission fiber length error tested.
The above description refers to elements or nodes or features being "connected" or "coupled" together. As used herein, unless expressly stated otherwise, "connected" means that one element/node/feature is directly and not necessarily mechanically coupled to (or directly communicates with) another element/node/feature. Likewise, unless expressly stated otherwise, "coupled" means that one element/node/feature is directly or indirectly and not necessarily mechanically coupled to (or directly or indirectly communicates with) another element/node/feature.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. But all equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optical fiber acquisition chain test system is characterized by comprising a light source, a modulator, an optical attenuator, a detection assembly and an oscilloscope; the light source is connected with the modulator, the modulator is connected with the optical attenuator, the optical attenuator is connected with the optical fiber acquisition chain, the optical fiber acquisition chain is connected with the detection assembly, and the detection assembly is connected with the oscilloscope.
2. The fiber optic acquisition chain test system of claim 1, wherein the light source is a broad spectrum light source or a narrow linewidth laser light source.
3. An optical fiber acquisition chain testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) constructing the test system of claims 1-2 using a light source, a modulator, an optical attenuator, a probe assembly, and an oscilloscope, the light source being a wide-spectrum light source;
(2) the light emitted by the wide-spectrum light source is modulated into pulse light after passing through the modulator, the light power is attenuated into a range suitable for being received by the detection assembly through the optical attenuator, and after photoelectric conversion, the peak-to-peak value of the pulse is obtained through observation of the oscilloscope and is used as a reference value of an input pulse signal of the optical fiber acquisition chain;
(3) light emitted by the wide-spectrum light source is modulated into pulse light after passing through the modulator, the pulse light after passing through the optical attenuator is injected into the optical fiber acquisition chain, and after photoelectric conversion, output pulse signal peak values of a plurality of optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain are obtained through sequential observation of the oscilloscope;
(4) and obtaining the insertion loss corresponding to the positions of the plurality of optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain by comparing the reference value of the input pulse signal of the optical fiber acquisition chain with the peak value of the output pulse signal of the plurality of optical fiber geophones.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the modulator applies a modulation pulse having a width less than t0The period of the modulation pulse is not less than m t0；
Wherein, L is the length of the transmission optical fiber between adjacent optical fiber geophones in the optical fiber acquisition chain, c is the speed of the optical fiber in vacuum, n is the refractive index of the optical fiber, and m is the number of the optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the number m of the fiber geophones is 8, 16 or 32.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the attenuation values of the optical attenuators in the steps (1) and (2) are kept consistent.
7. An optical fiber acquisition chain testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) building a test system according to claims 1-2 by using a light source, a modulator, an attenuator, a detection assembly and an oscilloscope, wherein the light source is a narrow linewidth laser light source;
(2) the optical fiber seismic detector comprises a modulator, an optical attenuator, an oscilloscope, a transmission fiber and a transmission fiber, wherein light emitted by the narrow-linewidth laser light source is modulated into pulse light after passing through the modulator, then the pulse light after passing through the optical attenuator is injected into the optical fiber acquisition chain, the pulse light after passing through the optical attenuator can generate interference signals in the optical fiber seismic detector carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain, and after photoelectric conversion, the transmission time corresponding to the transmission fiber between the adjacent optical fiber seismic detectors carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain is obtained through waveform analysis of the oscilloscope, namely the transmission fiber length error of the adjacent optical fiber seismic detectors in the optical fiber acquisition chain.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the modulator applies a modulation pulse having a width t0The period of the modulation pulse is not less than m t0；
Wherein, L is the length of the transmission optical fiber between adjacent optical fiber geophones in the optical fiber acquisition chain, c is the speed of the optical fiber in vacuum, n is the refractive index of the optical fiber, and m is the number of the optical fiber geophones carried on the optical fiber acquisition chain.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the number m of fiber geophones is 8, 16 or 32.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the resolution R of the error in the length of the transmission fiber is:
wherein fs is the sampling rate of the oscilloscope, c is the speed of the optical fiber in vacuum, and n is the refractive index of the optical fiber.
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