CN112174903B - Tlr8的小分子调节剂 - Google Patents
Tlr8的小分子调节剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112174903B CN112174903B CN201910585582.7A CN201910585582A CN112174903B CN 112174903 B CN112174903 B CN 112174903B CN 201910585582 A CN201910585582 A CN 201910585582A CN 112174903 B CN112174903 B CN 112174903B
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- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
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Abstract
本公开提供TLR8的小分子调节剂,本公开所提供的式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐具有良好的TLR8调节活性,可用于预防或治疗由TLR8介导的疾病。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种TLR8的小分子调节剂,属于医药化学领域。
背景技术
Toll样受体(Toll-like receptors,TLRs)家族是一类高度保守的跨膜蛋白,在天然免疫和获得性免疫中发挥非常重要作用,是机体抵抗病原体入侵和清除自身废物的第一道屏障。目前在人体中已发现10种同源受体,分别是TLR1-TLR10,其中TLR1、2、4、5、6、10分布于细胞膜表面,TLR3、7、8、9分布于细胞的内涵体中。TLR通过同源或异源二聚化来识别配体,例如TLR8识别病毒或细菌的单链RNA后,会激活下游的信号通路,产生肿瘤坏死因子、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-1β等促炎因子和趋化因子来调节机体的免疫反应。
研究表明,TLR信号通路失调会引发各类疾病。例如,Toll样受体8的信号通路的失调会引起类风湿性关节炎、炎症性肠病、阿兹海默综合征、系统性红斑狼疮、成人斯蒂尔病等,因此Toll样受体8是治疗许多疾病的重要靶点。由于TLR7和TLR8处于内涵体中,属于同一亚家族,在结构和功能上有高度的相似性,它们都识别病毒或细菌的单链RNA、咪唑喹啉化合物和核苷酸类似物,并且蛋白-蛋白相互作用的界面比较大且灵活,因此开发TLR8的特异性调节剂、尤其是小分子调节剂具有较大的挑战。
现有技术中如UNIV COLORADO REGENTS的专利申请WO2019089648A1、DYNAVAXTECH CORPORATION的专利申请WO2018089695A1、MEDSHINE DISCOVERY INC的专利申请WO2018233648A1、GILEAD SCIENCES的专利申请AU2017202755C1、UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS的专利申请US20180258045A1等均公开了一系列可作为TLR8调节剂的化合物。鉴于TLR8小分子调节剂具有很大的潜在药用价值,开发具有特异性调节TLR8功能的化合物是非常迫切需要的。
发明内容
本发明提供式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其可作为TLR8的小分子调节剂,
其中,
X选自CH或N;
W选自O或CH2;
m选自0、1、2、3、4、5或6;
n选自0、1、2、3、4、5或6;
R1、R2各自独立地选自H、C1-C6烷基或卤素,其中所述C1-C6烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代;
R3选自H、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C6烷基酰基,其中所述C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C6烷基酰基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代;
R4、R5各自独立地选自H、C1-C6烷基或3-6元环烷基,其中所述C1-C6烷基或3-6元环烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代;
R6选自苯基、吡啶基、萘基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、3-6元环烷基或CR7R8R9,所述苯基、吡啶基、萘基、喹啉基、异喹啉基或3-6元环烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自H、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、3-6元环烷基、三氟甲基、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代;
R7、R8各自独立地选自H、C1-C6烷基或3-6元环烷基,其中所述C1-C6烷基或3-6元环烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代;
R9选自OH或H;
R10选自苯基、吡啶基、萘基、喹啉基、联苯基、3-6元环烷基或SR11,所述苯基、吡啶基、萘基、喹啉基、联苯基或3-6元环烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自H、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、3-6元环烷基、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代;
R11选自H、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、3-6元环烷基、苄基或酰胺基,其中所述C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、3-6元环烷基或苄基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、3-6元环烷基、苯基、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基、酰胺基或硝基的取代基取代;
R12选自H、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基酰基、3-6元环烷基、苯基、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基、硝基、脒基、酰胺基、醛基、酯基或羧基,其中所述C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基酰基、3-6元环烷基或苯基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烯基、C1-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基酰基、3-6元环烷基、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些实施方案中,X为CH。
在一些实施方案中,X为N。
在一些实施方案中,W为O。
在一些实施方案中,W为CH2。
在一些实施方案中,m为0。
在一些实施方案中,m为1。
在一些实施方案中,m为2。
在一些实施方案中,m为3。
在一些实施方案中,m为4。
在一些实施方案中,m为5。
在一些实施方案中,n为0。
在一些实施方案中,n为1。
在一些实施方案中,R1、R2各自独立地选自H、C1-C3烷基、氟、氯、溴或碘,其中所述C1-C3烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些实施方案中,R1、R2各自独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、氟、氯、溴或碘,其中所述甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些实施方案中,R1、R2各自独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、氟或氯。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R1为H,R2为H。
在一些实施方案中,R3选自H、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基或C1-C3烷基酰基,其中所述C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基或C1-C3烷基酰基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些实施方案中,R3选自H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、乙酰基或丙酰基,其中所述甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、乙酰基或丙酰基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些实施方案中,R3选自H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、乙酰基或丙酰基。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R3为H。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R3为甲基。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R3为乙基。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R3为乙酰基。
在一些实施方案中,R4、R5各自独立地选自H、C1-C3烷基或3-6元环烷基,其中所述C1-C3烷基或3-6元环烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些实施方案中,R4、R5各自独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基或环己基,其中所述甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基或环己基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些实施方案中,R4、R5各自独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、环戊基或环己基。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R4为H,R5为H。
在一些实施方案中,R6选自苯基、吡啶基、萘基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、3-6元环烷基或CR7R8R9,所述苯基、吡啶基、萘基、喹啉基、异喹啉基或3-6元环烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自H、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烯基、C1-C3炔基、C1-C3烷氧基、3-6元环烷基、三氟甲基、氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R6选自苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、3-氟苯基、2,4-二氟苯基、2,4-二氯苯基、2,3-二氯苯基、3,4-二氯苯基、2,4,5-三氯苯基、2,3,4-三氯苯基、3,4,5-三氯苯基、3,4,5-三甲基苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、3-甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、3-吡啶基、环己基、1-萘基、3-喹啉基、6-喹啉基、2-羟基丙-2-基或异丙基。
在一些更为典型的实施方案中,R6为3,4,5-三甲基苯基。
在一些更为典型的实施方案中,R6为2-羟基丙-2-基。
在一些更为典型的实施方案中,R6为异丙基。
在一些实施方案中,R7、R8各自独立地选自H、C1-C3烷基或3-6元环烷基,其中所述C1-C3烷基或3-6元环烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些实施方案中,R7、R8各自独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、环戊基或环己基。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R7为甲基,R8为甲基。
在一些实施方案中,R9为OH。
在一些实施方案中,R9为H。
在一些实施方案中,R10选自苯基、吡啶基、萘基、喹啉基、联苯基、3-6元环烷基或SR11,所述苯基、吡啶基、萘基、喹啉基、联苯基、或3-6元环烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自H、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烯基、C1-C3炔基、C1-C3烷氧基、3-6元环烷基、氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些实施方案中,R10选自苯基、对甲基苯基、吡啶基、萘基、喹啉基、联苯基、巯基、甲硫基、乙硫基、异丙基硫基、(环丙基甲基)硫基、2,6-二氯苄基硫基、硫基甲酰胺或硫基乙酰胺。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R10为苯基。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R10为甲硫基。
在一些实施方案中,R11选自H、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烯基、C1-C3炔基、C1-C3烷氧基、3-6元环烷基、苄基或酰胺基,其中所述C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烯基、C1-C3炔基、C1-C3烷氧基、3-6元环烷基或苄基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烯基、C1-C3炔基、C1-C3烷氧基、3-6元环烷基、氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基、酰胺基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R11选自H、甲基、乙基、异丙基、环丙基甲基、甲酰胺基、乙酰胺基或2,6-二氯苄基。
在一些更为典型的实施方案中,R11为甲基。
在一些实施方案中,R12选自H、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烯基、C1-C3炔基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基酰基、3-6元环烷基、苯基、氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基、硝基、脒基、酰胺基、醛基、酯基或羧基,其中所述C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烯基、C1-C3炔基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基酰基、3-6元环烷基或苯基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烯基、C1-C3炔基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基酰基、3-6元环烷基、氟、氯、溴、碘、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代。
在一些典型的实施方案中,R12选自H、氰基、脒基、酰胺基、醛基、甲氧羰基、羟甲基、甲氧基甲基、甲基、氟甲基、2-羟基丙-2-基、异丙基、苯基、氯、溴、碘或羧基。
在一些更为典型的实施方案中,R12为碘。
在一些实施方案中,上述式(I)具有式(II)所示的结构,
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R10、W、m、n如上述式(I)化合物中所定义。
在一些实施方案中,上述式(I)具有式(III)所示的结构,
其中,R3、R4、R5、R6、R10、W、m、n如上述式(I)化合物中所定义。
在一些实施方案中,上述式(I)具有式(IV)所示的结构,
其中,R3、R6、R10、W、m、n如上述式(I)化合物中所定义。
在一些实施方案中,上述式(I)具有式(V)所示的结构,
其中,R3、R6、R10、n如上述式(I)化合物中所定义。
在一些实施方案中,上述式(I)具有式(VI)所示的结构,
其中,R3、R6、R10如上述式(I)化合物中所定义。
在一些实施方案中,上述式(I)具有式(VII)所示的结构,
其中,R3、R6、R11如上述式(I)化合物中所定义。
在一些实施方案中,上述式(I)具有式(VIII)所示的结构,
其中,R3、R4、R5、R6、R10、R12、n如上述式(I)化合物中所定义。
在一些实施方案中,上述式(I)具有式(IX)所示的结构,
其中,R3、R6、R10、R12如上述式(I)化合物中所定义。
在一些实施方案中,上述式(I)具有式(X)所示的结构,
其中,R3、R6、R12如上述式(I)化合物中所定义。
在一些实施方案中,本发明涉及的化合物选自以下化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
另一方面,本发明提供药物组合物,其包含本发明的式(I)化合物或式(II)化合物或式(III)化合物或式(IV)化合物或式(V)化合物或式(VI)化合物或式(VII)化合物或式(VIII)化合物或式(IX)化合物或式(X)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
在一些实施方案中,其包含治疗有效量的本发明的式(I)化合物或式(II)化合物或式(III)化合物或式(IV)化合物或式(V)化合物或式(VI)化合物或式(VII)化合物或式(VIII)化合物或式(IX)化合物或式(X)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一些实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物还包括药学上可接受的辅料。
本发明的药物组合物可以通过将本发明的化合物与适宜的药学上可接受的辅料组合而制备,例如可以配制成固态、半固态、液态或气态制剂,如片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、膏剂、乳剂、悬浮剂、栓剂、注射剂、吸入剂、凝胶剂、微球及气溶胶等。
给予本发明化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或其药物组合物的典型途径包括但不限于口服、直肠、局部、吸入、肠胃外、舌下、阴道内、鼻内、眼内、腹膜内、肌内、皮下、静脉内给药。
本发明的药物组合物可以采用本领域众所周知的方法制造,如常规的混合法、溶解法、制粒法、制糖衣药丸法、磨细法、乳化法、冷冻干燥法等。
在一些实施方案中,药物组合物是口服形式。对于口服给药,可以通过将活性化合物与本领域熟知的药学上可接受的辅料混合,来配制该药物组合物。这些辅料能使本发明的化合物被配制成片剂、丸剂、锭剂、糖衣剂、胶囊剂、液体、凝胶剂、浆剂、悬浮剂等,用于对患者的口服给药。
可以通过常规的混合、填充或压片方法来制备固体口服组合物。例如,可通过下述方法获得:将所述的活性化合物与固体辅料混合,任选地碾磨所得的混合物,如果需要则加入其它合适的辅料,然后将该混合物加工成颗粒,得到了片剂或糖衣剂的核心。适合的辅料包括但不限于:粘合剂、稀释剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、助流剂、甜味剂或矫味剂等。
药物组合物还可适用于肠胃外给药,如合适的单位剂型的无菌溶液剂、混悬剂或冻干产品。
另一方面,本发明涉及治疗由TLR8受体介导的疾病的方法,包括对需要该治疗的哺乳动物,优选人类,给予治疗有效量的式(I)化合物或式(II)化合物或式(III)化合物或式(IV)化合物或式(V)化合物或式(VI)化合物或式(VII)化合物或式(VIII)化合物或式(IX)化合物或式(X)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、或其药物组合物。
本文所述的式(I)化合物或式(II)化合物或式(III)化合物或式(IV)化合物或式(V)化合物或式(VI)化合物或式(VII)化合物或式(VIII)化合物或式(IX)化合物或式(X)化合物的所有施用方法中,每天给药的剂量为0.01到100mg/kg体重,优选为0.05到50mg/kg体重,更优选0.1到5mg/kg体重,以单独或分开剂量的形式。
另一方面,本发明涉及式(I)化合物或式(II)化合物或式(III)化合物或式(IV)化合物或式(V)化合物或式(VI)化合物或式(VII)化合物或式(VIII)化合物或式(IX)化合物或式(X)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、或其药物组合物在制备预防或者治疗TLR8受体介导的疾病的药物中的用途。
另一方面,本发明涉及预防或者治疗TLR8受体介导的疾病的式(I)化合物或式(II)化合物或式(III)化合物或式(IV)化合物或式(V)化合物或式(VI)化合物或式(VII)化合物或式(VIII)化合物或式(IX)化合物或式(X)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
所述TLR8受体介导的疾病包括类风湿性关节炎、炎症性肠病、阿兹海默综合征、系统性红斑狼疮、成人斯蒂尔病等。
本发明的化合物可以通过本领域技术人员所熟知的多种合成方法来制备,包括下面列举的具体实施方式、其与其它化学合成方法的结合所形成的实施方式以及本领域技术上人员所熟知的等同替换方式,优选的实施方式包括但不限于本发明的实施例。
本发明具体实施方式的化学反应是在合适的溶剂中完成的,所述的溶剂须适合于本发明的化学变化及其所需的试剂和物料。为了获得本发明的化合物,有时需要本领域技术人员在已有实施方式的基础上对合成步骤或者反应流程进行修改或选择。
定义
除非另有说明,本发明中所用的下列术语具有下列含义。一个特定的术语在没有特别定义的情况下不应该被认为是不确定的或不清楚的,而应该按照本领域普通的含义去理解。当本文中出现商品名时,意在指代其对应的商品或其活性成分。
术语“被取代”是指特定原子上的任意一个或多个氢原子被取代基取代,只要特定原子的价态是正常的并且取代后的化合物是稳定的。当取代基为氧代(即=O)时,意味着两个氢原子被取代,氧代不会发生在芳香基上。
术语“任选”或“任选地”是指随后描述的事件或情况可以发生或不发生,该描述包括发生所述事件或情况和不发生所述事件或情况。例如,乙基“任选地”被卤素取代,指乙基可以是未被取代的(CH2CH3)、单取代的(如CH2CH2F)、多取代的(如CHFCH2F、CH2CHF2等)或完全被取代的(CF2CF3)。本领域技术人员可理解,对于包含一个或多个取代基的任何基团,不会引入任何在空间上不可能存在和/或不能合成的取代或取代模式。
本文中“C1-C6”是指该基团可具有1个碳原子、2个碳原子、3个碳原子、4个碳原子、5个碳原子或6个碳原子,“C1-C3”是指该基团可具有1个碳原子、2个碳原子或3个碳原子。
当任何变量(例如R)在化合物的组成或结构中出现一次以上时,其在每一种情况下的定义都是独立的。因此,例如,如果一个基团被2个R所取代,则每个R都有独立的选项;又例如,当结构单元中的m≥2时,各个重复单元中的R1和R2都有独立的选项;又例如,当结构单元中的n≥2时,各个重复单元中的R4和R5都有独立的选项。
术语“卤”或“卤素”是指氟、氯、溴和碘。
术语“羟基”指-OH基团。
术语“氰基”指-CN基团。
术语“氨基”指-NH2基团。
术语“硝基”指-NO2基团。
术语“羟甲基”指-CH2OH。
术语“烷基”是指通式为CnH2n+1的烃基。该烷基可以是直链或支链的。例如,术语“C1-C6烷基”指含有1至6个碳原子的烷基(例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、新戊基、己基、2-甲基戊基等)。类似地,烷氧基、烷基酰基的烷基部分(即烷基)具有上述相同定义。
术语“烯基”是指由碳原子和氢原子组成的直链或支链的具有至少一个双键的不饱和脂肪族烃基。烯基的非限制性实例包括但不限于乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-丁烯基、异丁烯基、1,3-丁二烯基等。
术语“炔基”是指由碳原子和氢原子组成的直链或支链的具有至少一个三键的不饱和脂肪族烃基。炔基的非限制性实例包括但不限于乙炔基(-C≡CH)、1-丙炔基(-C≡C-CH3)、2-丙炔基(-CH2-C≡CH)、1,3-丁二炔基(-C≡C-C≡CH)等。
术语“烷氧基”指-O-烷基。
术语“环烷烃”指完全饱和的并且可以以呈单环、桥环或螺环存在的碳环。除非另有指示,该碳环通常为3至10元或3至6元或3至5元或3至4元环。环烷基非限制性实例包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、双环[2.2.2]辛烷基、金刚烷基等。
术语“治疗”意为将本发明所述化合物或制剂进行给药以预防、改善或消除疾病或与所述疾病相关的一个或多个症状,且包括:
(i)预防疾病或疾病状态在哺乳动物中出现,特别是当这类哺乳动物易患有该疾病状态,但尚未被诊断为已患有该疾病状态时;
(ii)抑制疾病或疾病状态,即遏制其发展;
(iii)缓解疾病或疾病状态,即使该疾病或疾病状态消退。
术语“治疗有效量”意指(i)治疗或预防特定疾病、病况或障碍,(ii)减轻、改善或消除特定疾病、病况或障碍的一种或多种症状,或(iii)预防或延迟本文中所述的特定疾病、病况或障碍的一种或多种症状发作的本发明化合物的用量。构成“治疗有效量”的本发明化合物的量取决于该化合物、疾病状态及其严重性、给药方式以及待被治疗的哺乳动物的年龄而改变,但可以例行性地由本领域技术人员根据其自身的知识及本公开内容而确定。
术语“药学上可接受的”,是针对那些化合物、材料、组合物和/或剂型而言,它们在可靠的医学判断的范围之内,适用于与人类和动物的组织接触使用,而没有过多的毒性、刺激性、过敏性反应或其它问题或并发症,与合理的利益/风险比相称。
作为药学上可接受的盐,例如,可以提及金属盐、铵盐、与有机碱形成的盐、与无机酸形成的盐、与有机酸形成的盐、与碱性或者酸性氨基酸形成的盐等。
术语“药物组合物”是指一种或多种本发明的化合物或其盐与药学上可接受的辅料组成的混合物。药物组合物的目的是有利于对有机体给予本发明的化合物。
术语“药学上可接受的辅料”是指对有机体无明显刺激作用,而且不会损害该活性化合物的生物活性及性能的那些辅料。合适的辅料是本领域技术人员熟知的,例如碳水化合物、蜡、水溶性和/或水可膨胀的聚合物、亲水性或疏水性材料、明胶、油、溶剂、水等。
在本公开中,除非特别定义,柱层析洗脱液中的溶剂比例为体积比。
TLR:Toll-样受体
TNF-α:肿瘤坏死因子
IL-6:白细胞介素6
IL-1β:白细胞介素1β
WST1:细胞增殖及细胞毒性检测试剂盒
R848:瑞喹莫德
ssRNA40:单链核酸
ORN06:单链核酸
ELISA:酶联免疫标记法
THP-1:人髓系白血病单核细胞
OD:光密度,即吸光度
RPMI 1640:细胞培养基
DMEM:高糖细胞培养基
FBS:胎牛血清
PBMC:外周血单个核细胞
Et:乙基
CSCl2:硫光气
DMSO:二甲基亚砜
DMF:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DMA:N,N-二甲基乙酰胺
TBDMSOTf:叔丁基二甲硅基三氟甲磺酸酯
n-BuLi:正丁基锂
THF:四氢呋喃
K2CO3:碳酸钾
Na2CO3:碳酸钠
CHCl3:氯仿
NaOH:氢氧化钠
CH3CN:乙腈
CH3I:碘甲烷
DAST:(二乙氨基)三氟化硫
NCS:N-氯代琥珀酰亚胺
NBS:N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺
NIS:N-碘代丁二酰亚胺
TBAF:四丁基氟化铵
附图说明
图1示出化合物24在HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系中对R848诱导的信号传导的抑制效果、和对ORN 06诱导的信号传导的抑制效果。
图2示出化合物24对HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系的毒性测试结果。
图3示出化合物24在HEK-Blue hTLR1/2、TLR2/6、TLR4、TLR5、TLR7、TLR8、TLR9细胞系中的特异性抑制效果。
图4示出化合物24在人外周血单个核细胞中对TLR1/2、TLR2/6、TLR3、TLR4、TLR5信号通路中TNF-α的抑制效果。
图5示出化合物24在THP-1细胞中对R848诱导的信号通路中炎症因子TNF-α的抑制效果。
图6示出化合物24在THP-1细胞中对R848诱导的信号通路中炎症因子IL-6的抑制效果。
图7示出化合物24在THP-1细胞中对R848诱导的信号通路中炎症因子IL-1β的抑制效果。
图8示出化合物24和对照化合物10在人外周血单个核细胞中对R848诱导的信号通路中炎症因子TNF-α的抑制效果。
图9示出化合物24在类风湿性关节炎病人的外周血单个核细胞中对R848诱导的信号通路中炎症因子TNF-α的抑制效果。
图10示出化合物53在HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系中对R848诱导的信号传导的抑制效果,以及化合物53对HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞的存活率的影响。
图11示出化合物53在HEK-Blue hTLR1/2、TLR2/6、TLR3、TLR4、TLR5、TLR7、TLR8、TLR9细胞系中的特异性抑制效果。
图12示出化合物53在HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系中对R848诱导的信号传导的抑制效果、和对ssRNA40和ORN06诱导的信号传导的协同激活的效果。
图13示出对照化合物R848对TLR8的激活效果、以及与ssRNA40和ORN06对TLR8的协同激活效果。
图14示出化合物60-64在HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系中对ssRNA40激活的TLR8信号传导的协同激活的效果。
图15示出化合物60-64对HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系的毒性测试结果。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进行详细描述,但并不意味着对本发明任何不利限制。本文已经详细地描述了本发明,其中也公开了其具体实施例方式,对本领域的技术人员而言,在不脱离本公开精神和范围的情况下针对本发明具体实施方式进行各种变化和改进将是显而易见地。
实施例1:3-((2,6-二氯苄基)硫基)-4-(3-氟苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑(化合物1)的合成
称取3-氟-1-异硫氰基苯化合物(500mg,3.26mmol),加入甲酰肼(196mg,3.26mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性pH约为5,体系中出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到4-(3-氟苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫醇,为乳白色固体(286mg,产率:45%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ14.01(s,1H),8.75(s,1H),7.68(dt,J=10.0,2.3Hz,1H),7.64-7.58(m,1H),7.56(ddd,J=8.1,1.9,1.2Hz,1H),7.41-7.35(m,1H)。
称取4-(3-氟苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫醇(100mg,0.51mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(212mg,1.54mmol),加入2,6-二氯苄溴(129mg,0.54mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1过硅胶柱,得到3-((2,6-二氯苄基)硫基)-4-(3-氟苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑,为白色固体(120mg,产率:66%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.99(s,1H),7.74-7.66(m,1H),7.57(td,J=8.2,6.3Hz,2H),7.46-7.35(m,3H),7.35-7.26(m,1H),4.41(s,2H)。HRMS(ESI)计算为C15H10Cl2FN3S[M+H]+:354.0029;发现为:354.0023。
实施例2:3-((2,6-二氯苄基)硫基)-4-(3-氟苯基)-5-甲基-4H-1,2,4-三唑(化合物2)的合成
称取3-氟-1-异硫氰基苯(500mg,3.26mmol),依次加入乙酰肼(242mg,3.26mmol),8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性pH约为5,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到4-(3-氟苯基)-5-甲基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫醇,为白色固体(307mg,产率:45%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.70(s,1H),7.63(td,J=8.1,6.4Hz,1H),7.48-7.38(m,2H),7.32(ddd,J=7.9,1.9,0.9Hz,1H),2.13(s,3H)。
称取4-(3-氟苯基)-5-甲基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫醇(100mg,0.48mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(197mg,1.43mmol),加入2,6-二氯苄溴(120mg,0.50mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1过硅胶柱,得到3-((2,6-二氯苄基)硫基)-4-(3-氟苯基)-5-甲基-4H-1,2,4-三唑,为白色固体(138mg,产率:78%)。1HNMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.42(td,J=8.2,6.0Hz,1H),7.19(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.14(tdd,J=8.4,2.5,0.9Hz,1H),7.08(dd,J=8.8,7.3Hz,1H),6.94(ddd,J=7.9,1.9,0.9Hz,1H),6.82(dt,J=8.7,2.3Hz,1H),4.56(s,2H),2.28(s,3H)。HRMS(ESI)计算为C16H12Cl2FN3S[M+H]+:368.0186;发现为:368.0183。
实施例3:(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)甲醇(化合物3)的合成
称取乙醇酸甲酯(200mg,2.22mmol)加入25mL圆底烧瓶,加入80%纯度的一水合肼(166.7mg,2.66mmol),加入10mL无水乙醇,加热回流3h,得到2-羟基乙酰肼,为白色固体(160mg,产率:80%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.83(s,1H),4.55(s,2H),4.34-4.00(m,1H),3.90-3.78(m,2H)。
称取合成的2,4-二氯-1-异硫氰基苯化合物(350mg,1.71mmol),加入2-羟基乙酰肼(200mg,2.22mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)甲醇,为白色固体(235mg,产率:50%)。
称取(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)甲醇(235mg,0.855mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(276mg,2mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(80μL,1.28mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)甲醇,为白色固体粉末(198mg,产率:81%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.97(t,J=1.3Hz,1H),7.66(d,J=1.3Hz,2H),5.36(t,J=5.7Hz,1H),4.38(m,2H),2.57(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.68,152.41,136.40,133.21,132.06,130.48,130.31,129.27,54.13,15.23.HRMS(ESI)计算为C10H9Cl2N3OS[M+H]+:289.9922;发现为:289.9909。
实施例4:2-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)乙-1-醇(化合物4)的合成
将β-丙内酯(300mg,4.16mmol)加入25mL圆底烧瓶,加入甲醇钠(337.1mg,6.24mmol)在10mL乙醚溶液中加热回流1h,接着加入80%纯度的一水合肼(395mg,6.24mmol)回流过夜,留取10μL样本,旋干,继续加入2,4-二氯-1-异硫氰基苯化合物(204mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到2-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)乙-1-醇,为白色固体(147mg,产率:48%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.84(s,1H),7.98(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.69(dd,J=8.5,2.3Hz,1H),7.62(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),4.78(t,J=5.6Hz,1H),3.53(dq,J=8.5,2.9Hz,2H),2.58(dd,J=15.3,6.6Hz,1H),2.45(dt,J=15.3,6.6Hz,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.17,150.54,136.13,133.68,133.32,130.82,130.45,129.23,58.16,29.60。
称取2-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)乙-1-醇(116mg,0.38mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(40μL,0.72mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到2-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)乙-1-醇,为白色固体粉末(198mg,产率:81%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.02(s,1H),7.70(s,2H),4.72(t,J=5.5Hz,1H),3.64-3.50(m,2H),2.66(dt,J=13.9,6.8Hz,2H),2.54(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ154.08,151.19,136.59,133.17,132.34,130.70,130.11,129.55,59.04,28.94,15.34.HRMS(ESI)计算为C11H11Cl2N3OS[M+H]+:304.0078;发现为:304.0070。
实施例5:4-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丁-1-醇(化合物5)的合成
称取2,4-二氯-1-异硫氰基苯(200mg,0.977mmol)放入25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入5-羟基戊酸肼(181mg,1.37mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜,旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜,待体系冷却后,缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到4-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丁-1-醇,为白色固体(108mg,产率:33%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.81(s,1H),7.98(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.73-7.66(m,2H),3.31(s,2H),2.35(td,J=7.4,3.2Hz,2H),1.61-1.48(m,2H),1.40(dt,J=8.6,6.3Hz,2H)。
称取4-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丁-1-醇(100mg,0.302mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1mmol),加入8mL乙腈,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(28μL,0.453mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1过硅胶柱,得到4-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丁-1-醇,为白色固体粉末(85mg,产率:85%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.01(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),7.75-7.67(m,2H),4.32(t,J=5.1Hz,1H),3.33(m,2H),2.54(s,3H),2.44(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.61-1.50(m,2H),1.44-1.33(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.36,150.51,135.98,132.62,131.45,130.24,129.59,129.10,60.06,31.32,23.95,22.76,14.80。
实施例6:5-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)戊-1-醇(化合物6)的合成
将ε-己内酯(500mg,4.38mmol)加入25mL圆底烧瓶,加入80%纯度的一水合肼(329mg,5.26mmol),加入8mL乙醇,回流过夜,旋干得到6-羟基己酰肼粗品,产率接近100%。称取该粗品(320mg,1.23mmol)放入一个新的25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2,4-二氯-1-异硫氰基苯化合物(324mg,1.58mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到粗品5-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)戊-1-醇,为白色固体(315mg)。
称取5-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)戊-1-醇(314mg,0.95mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(276mg,2.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(89μL,1.42mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1至10:1过硅胶柱,得到5-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)戊-1-醇,为黄色油状液体(280mg,产率:85%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.01(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.76-7.67(m,2H),4.29(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.33(d,J=5.5Hz,2H),2.54(s,3H),2.43(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.50(p,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.37-1.21(m,4H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.85,151.12,136.60,133.16,132.11,130.78,130.15,129.64,60.93,32.43,26.52,25.32,24.85,15.34.HRMS(ESI)计算为C14H17Cl2N3OS[M+H]+:346.0548;发现为:346.0532。
实施例7:4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-3-(甲硫基)-5-丙基-4H-1,2,4-三唑(化合物7)的合成
称取2,4-二氯-1-异硫氰基苯化合物(204mg,1.00mmol),加入25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入丁酰肼(102mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到粗品4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-丙基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫醇,为白色固体(108mg,产率:37%)。
称取4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-丙基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫醇(100mg,0.95mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(276mg,2.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(89μL,1.42mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以石油醚:丙酮=1:1过硅胶柱,得到4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-3-(甲硫基)-5-丙基-4H-1,2,4-三唑,为白色固体(50mg,产率:48%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.75(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.71(dd,J=8.5,2.2Hz,1H),2.55(s,3H),2.42(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.54(h,J=7.2Hz,2H),0.86(t,J=7.4Hz,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.18,150.61,136.08,132.64,131.61,130.28,129.61,129.19,26.26,19.62,14.80,13.40.HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H13Cl2N3S[M+H]+:302.0286;发现为:302.0271。
实施例8:4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-3-(3-甲氧基丙基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑(化合物8)的合成
将3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(60mg,0.19mmol)加入25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入5mL无水四氢呋喃,接着加入氢化钠(60%分散在矿物油中,15mg,0.38mmol)室温下反应过夜。加入10mL水和二氯甲烷(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,用饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,以石油醚:丙酮=1:1过硅胶柱,得到4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-3-(3-甲氧基丙基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑,为白色固体(58mg,产率:88%)。1HNMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.60(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.42(dd,J=8.4,2.3Hz,1H),7.22(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.38(t,J=6.1Hz,2H),3.22(s,3H),2.63(s,3H),2.52(tt,J=15.6,7.6Hz,2H),1.94(p,J=6.7Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ155.75,152.73,137.38,133.80,131.01,130.60,129.81,128.78,71.30,58.51,26.71,21.97,15.04.HRMS(ESI)计算为C13H15Cl2N3OS[M+H]+:332.0391;发现为:322.0387。
实施例9:3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)乙酸丙酯(化合物9)的合成
将3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(60mg,0.19mmol)加入25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入无水二氯甲烷5mL,加入乙酸酐(19mg,0.19mmol)和4-二甲氨基吡啶(4.61mg,0.038mmol),室温过夜反应。加入10mL水和二氯甲烷(10mL×3)萃取,合并有机相,用饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,以石油醚:丙酮=1:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)乙酸丙酯,为白色固体(58mg,产率:88%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.66(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.48(dd,J=8.4,2.2Hz,1H),7.28(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),4.10(t,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.68(s,3H),2.59(m,2H),2.10-2.02(m,2H),2.00(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ170.86,154.99,152.26,137.44,133.67,131.00,130.45,129.53,128.78,63.14,25.83,21.81,20.86,14.90.HRMS(ESI)计算为C14H15Cl2N3O2S[M+H]+:360.0340;发现为:360.0327。
实施例10:3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物10)的合成
称取2,4-二氯苯胺(1.52g,9.39mmol)放于25mL单口瓶中,加入磁子,溶于10mL无水氯仿,加入碳酸钠(1.27g,11.98mmol)并且于冰浴下搅拌,缓慢滴加硫光气(660μL,8.66mmol),冰浴下反应2h,取样检测,原料已经完全反应,慢慢滴加2M氢氧化钠水溶液来淬灭反应,再用二氯甲烷和饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液萃取,有机相用饱和氯化钠洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋转蒸发浓缩后,以石油醚:乙酸乙酯=20:1过硅胶柱,得到2,4-二氯-1-异硫氰基苯,为油状淡黄色液体(1.91g,产率:99%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.39(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.20(dd,J=8.6,2.2Hz,1H),7.14(d,J=8.6Hz,1H)。
称取2,4-二氯-1-异硫氰基苯(251mg,1.23mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(160mg,1.35mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(110mg,产率:76%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.80(s,1H),7.98(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.72-7.63(m,2H),3.36(s,2H),2.36(dd,J=8.6,6.8Hz,2H),1.66(p,J=6.7Hz,2H)。HRMS(ESI)计算为C11H11Cl2N3OS[M+H]+:304.0078;发现为:304.0068。
实施例11:3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(乙硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物11)的合成
称取3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(50mg,0.16mmol)于25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入5mL丙酮,加入碘乙烷(54mg,0.32mmol)和碳酸钾(36mg,0.26mmol)于室温下搅拌反应过夜。加入10mL蒸馏水和二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,用饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,过硅胶柱,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1洗脱,旋干溶剂后得到3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(乙硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(37mg,产率:68%)。HRMS(ESI)计算为C13H15Cl2N3OS[M+H]+:332.0391;发现为:332.0389。
实施例12:3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(异丙基硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物12)的合成
称取3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(80mg,0.26mmol)于25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入5mL丙酮,加入2-碘代丙烷(54mg,0.32mmol)和碳酸钾(72mg,0.52mmol)于室温下搅拌反应过夜。加入10mL蒸馏水和二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,用饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,过硅胶柱,以石油醚:丙酮=1:1洗脱,旋干溶剂后得到3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(异丙基硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为淡黄色油状液体(45mg,产率:49%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.00(dd,J=2.1,1.1Hz,1H),7.72-7.67(m,2H),4.46(td,J=5.2,1.1Hz,1H),3.38(t,J=5.7Hz,2H),2.49-2.44(m,2H),1.75-1.64(m,2H),1.26(d,J=6.7Hz,6H),1.14(d,J=1.1Hz,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.42,148.91,135.92,132.59,131.63,130.15,130.08,129.06,59.67,29.37,23.10,23.08,21.44.HRMS(ESI)计算为C14H17Cl2N3OS[M+H]+:346.0548;发现为:346.0525。
实施例13:3-(5-((环丙基甲基)硫基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物13)的合成
称取3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(80mg,0.26mmol)于25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入10mL乙腈,加入溴甲基环丙烷(53mg,0.40mmol)和氢氧化钠(16mg,0.40mmol)于室温下搅拌反应过夜。加入10mL蒸馏水和二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,用饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,过硅胶柱,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=15:1进行洗脱,旋干溶剂后得到3-(5-((环丙基甲基)硫基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(43mg,产率:45%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.63(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.44(dd,J=8.4,2.2Hz,1H),7.24(s,1H),3.76-3.68(m,2H),3.15(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),2.68-2.55(m,2H),1.95(qt,J=7.7,3.6Hz,2H),1.14(qq,J=7.7,4.9,3.9Hz,1H),0.63-0.54(m,2H),0.28(t,J=5.1Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ162.02,155.65,137.41,137.36,133.67,130.94,130.50,128.71,61.73,39.02,29.08,22.38,10.68,5.98。
实施例14:2-((4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(3-羟基丙基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)硫基)乙酰胺(化合物14)的合成
称取3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(80mg,0.26mmol)于25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入10mL丙酮,加入2-碘乙酰胺(59mg,0.32mmol)和碳酸钾(72mg,0.52mmol)于室温下搅拌反应过夜。加入蒸馏水(10mL)和二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,用饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥后,过硅胶柱,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1至10:1的梯度洗脱,旋干溶剂后得到2-((4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(3-羟基丙基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)硫基)乙酰胺,为白色固体(111mg,产率:99%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.02(s,1H),7.71(d,J=1.8Hz,2H),7.63(s,1H),7.22(s,1H),4.48(td,J=5.1,1.7Hz,1H),3.90-3.78(m,2H),3.38(s,2H),2.46(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),1.75-1.62(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.49,155.56,149.62,136.20,132.68,131.70,130.40,129.53,129.20,59.68,36.49,29.47,21.31.HRMS(ESI)计算为C13H14Cl2N4O2S[M+H]+:361.0293;发现为:361.0275。
实施例15:3-(4-(2,4-二氟苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物15)的合成
称取2,4-二氟苯基异硫氰酸酯(300mg,1.75mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(207mg,1.75mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到粗品3-(4-(2,4-二氟苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(258mg,产率:54%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.82(s,1H),7.75-7.55(m,2H),7.39-7.30(m,1H),4.50(t,J=5.1Hz,1H),3.38-3.32(m,2H),2.49-2.29(m,2H),1.65(dq,J=8.0,6.4Hz,2H)。
称取3-(4-(2,4-二氟苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(89mg,0.33mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入10mL乙醇,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(30.8μL,0.50mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷/甲醇=30:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(4-(2,4-二氟苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为淡黄色油状液体(39mg,产率:41%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.73(dd,J=8.7,6.0Hz,1H),7.64(td,J=9.6,2.6Hz,1H),7.33(td,J=8.7,2.6Hz,1H),4.43(t,J=5.0Hz,1H),3.41-3.31(m,2H),2.50(s,3H),2.46(q,J=4.4Hz,2H),1.64(m,7.5Hz,2H)。HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H13F2N3OS[M+H]+:286.0826;发现为:286.0825。
实施例16:3-(4-(4-氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物16)的合成
称取4-氯-1-异硫氰基苯(300mg,1.77mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(219mg,1.86mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到粗品3-(4-(4-氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(350mg,产率:73%)。
称取3-(4-(4-氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(150mg,0.56mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL乙腈,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(38μL,0.60mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷/甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(4-(4-氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体粉末(87mg,产率:55%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.68(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),7.52(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),4.47(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.37(q,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.54(m,2H),2.54(s,3H),1.74-1.64(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.00,151.01,135.09,132.51,130.46,129.75,60.18,29.94,21.89,15.09.HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H14ClN3OS[M+H]+:284.0624;发现为:284.0612。
实施例17:3-(4-(2-氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物17)的合成
称取2-氯-1-异硫氰基苯(200mg,1.18mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(139mg,1.18mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(4-(2-氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为淡黄色固体(140mg,产率:39%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.79(s,1H),7.74(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.59(dt,J=15.2,4.5Hz,3H),3.35(t,J=6.2Hz,2H),2.34(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),1.65(p,J=6.7Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.15,152.45,132.80,131.95,131.13,130.97,129.81,128.48,61.75,29.26,22.40。
称取3-(4-(2-氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(80mg,0.30mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(28μL,0.45mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(4-(2-氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为棕色油状物(52mg,产率:61%)。1HNMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.61(dd,J=8.0,1.5Hz,1H),7.52(td,J=7.8,1.8Hz,1H),7.45(td,J=7.6,1.6Hz,1H),7.30(dd,J=7.7,1.7Hz,1H),3.69(dq,J=8.2,5.1Hz,2H),2.81(s,1H),2.64(s,3H),2.62–2.52(m,2H),1.92(qd,J=6.9,5.0Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ156.15,152.45,132.80,131.95,131.13,130.97,129.81,128.48,61.75,29.26,22.40,14.97.HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H14ClN3OS[M+H]+:284.0624;发现为:284.0608。
实施例18:3-(4-(3-氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物18)的合成
称取3-氯-1-异硫氰基苯(339mg,2.00mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(248mg,2.10mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(4-(3-氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(166mg,产率:31%)。
称取3-(4-(2-氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(100mg,0.35mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(33μL,0.53mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(4-(3-氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(56mg,产率:56%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.70(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.69-7.66(m,1H),7.63(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.47(dt,J=7.6,1.6Hz,1H),4.50(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.39(d,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.57(m,J=4.8Hz,2H),2.55(s,3H),1.70(m,J=8.1,6.4Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.91,150.99,134.94,134.43,131.99,130.57,127.91,126.81,60.17,29.85,21.90,15.11.HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H14ClN3OS[M+H]+:284.0624;发现为:284.0614。
实施例19:3-(4-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物19)的合成
称取3,4-二氯-1-异硫氰基苯(306mg,1.50mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(186mg,1.57mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(4-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(260mg,产率:57%)。
称取3-(4-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(100mg,0.33mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(33μL,0.53mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(4-(3,4-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(55mg,产率:52%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.63(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.41(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.14(dd,J=8.5,2.4Hz,1H),3.72(t,J=5.7Hz,2H),2.92-2.74(m,1H),2.70(m,2H),2.67(s,3H),2.00-1.92(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ155.72,152.23,134.94,134.26,132.37,131.78,129.09,129.09,126.47,61.63,29.24,22.43,14.67.HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H13Cl2N3OS[M+H]+:318.0235;发现为:318.0222。
实施例20:3-(4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物20)的合成
称取2,3-二氯-1-异硫氰基苯(314mg,1.54mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(190mg,1.61mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(400mg,产率:80%)。
称取3-(4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(100mg,0.33mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(31μL,0.49mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(64mg,产率:61%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.68(dd,J=8.0,1.5Hz,1H),7.41(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.24(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),3.71(dq,J=10.1,5.3Hz,2H),2.94(s,1H),2.66(s,3H),2.64-2.52(m,2H),1.95(dddd,J=12.8,7.4,5.5,1.6Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ155.78,152.13,147.22,135.08,132.58,131.89,128.20,127.86,61.68,29.10,22.31,14.90.HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H13Cl2N3OS[M+H]+:318.0235;发现为:318.0222。
实施例21:3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(2,4,6-三氯苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物21)的合成
称取2,4,6-三氯-1-异硫氰基苯(314mg,1.54mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(248mg,2.10mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(4-(2,4,6-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(330mg,产率:49%)。
称取3-(4-(2,4,6-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(186mg,0.82mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(276mg,2.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(51μL,0.82mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(2,4,6-三氯苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(87mg,产率:45%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.12(d,J=11.4Hz,2H),4.48(p,J=5.1Hz,1H),3.41(m,2H),2.59(s,3H),2.45(m,2H),1.72(qd,J=7.9,3.4Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.64,150.89,137.34,134.95,130.14,128.02,60.11,30.03,21.53,15.33.HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H12Cl3N3OS[M+H]+:351.9845;发现为:351.9830。
实施例22:3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(2,3,4-三氯苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物22)的合成
称取2,3,4-三氯-1-异硫氰基苯(358mg,1.50mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(186mg,1.58mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(4-(2,3,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(170mg,产率:33%)。
称取3-(4-(2,3,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(107mg,0.32mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(276mg,2.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(30μL,0.48mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(2,3,4-三氯苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(35mg,产率:32%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.96(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.80(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),4.48(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.41-3.37(m,2H),2.55(s,3H),2.47(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),1.77-1.65(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.87,150.97,135.78,132.79,132.35,131.53,130.56,130.07,60.11,29.99,21.66,15.40.HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H12Cl3N3OS[M+H]+:351.9845;发现为:351.9828。
实施例23:3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(3,4,5-三氯苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物23)的合成
称取3,4,5-三氯苯胺(786mg,4.00mmol)放于25mL单口瓶中,加入磁子,溶于10mL无水二氯甲烷,加入碳酸钠(1.27g,11.98mmol)并且于冰浴下搅拌,缓慢滴加硫光气(335.5μL,5.37mmol),冰浴下反应2h,取样检测,原料已经完全反应,慢慢滴加2M氢氧化钠水溶液来淬灭反应,再用二氯甲烷(3×10mL)和饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(10mL)萃取,有机相用饱和氯化钠洗涤,再用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋转蒸发浓缩后,以石油醚:乙酸乙酯=20:1过硅胶柱,得到1,2,3-三氯-5-异硫氰酸,为乳白色固体(400mg,产率:42%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.96(s,2H)。
称取1,2,3-三氯-5-异硫氰酸(350mg,1.47mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(209mg,1.76mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(5-巯基-4-(3,4,5-三氯苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(198mg,产率:39%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.81(s,1H),7.94(d,J=1.7Hz,2H),4.52(dt,J=5.3,2.5Hz,1H),3.41(s,2H),2.50-2.45(m,2H),1.68(dq,J=8.1,6.3Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.96,152.51,134.08,133.89,131.95,130.18,59.95,28.73,22.54。
称取3-(5-巯基-4-(3,4,5-三氯苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(190mg,0.56mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(258mg,1.86mmol),加入8mL乙腈,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(38μL,0.60mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(3,4,5-三氯苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(120mg,产率:61%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(s,2H),4.49(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.42-3.37(m,2H),2.63-2.56(m,2H),2.55(s,3H),1.73(p,J=6.6Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.94,150.89,134.38,133.49,132.44,129.09,60.17,29.84,21.82,15.40.HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H12Cl3N3OS[M+H]+:351.9845;发现为:351.9825。
实施例24:3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(3,4,5-三甲基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物24)的合成
称取3,4,5-三甲基苯胺(541mg,4.00mmol)放于25mL单口瓶中,加入磁子,溶于10mL无水二氯甲烷,加入碳酸钠(1.27g,11.98mmol)并且于冰浴下搅拌,缓慢滴加硫光气(335.5μL,4.40mmol),冰浴下反应2h,取样检测,原料已经完全反应,慢慢滴加2M氢氧化钠水溶液来淬灭反应,再用二氯甲烷和饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液萃取,有机相有饱和氯化钠洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋转蒸发浓缩后,以石油醚:乙酸乙酯=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3,4,5-三甲基-1-异硫氰基苯,为乳白色固体(443mg,产率:63%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ6.85(s,2H),2.23(s,6H),2.13(s,3H)。
称取3,4,5-三甲基-1-异硫氰基苯(430mg,2.43mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(295mg,2.50mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(5-巯基-4-(3,4,5-三甲基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(500mg,产率:45%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.60(s,1H),7.00(s,2H),3.35(t,J=6.2Hz,2H),2.44(s,2H),2.43-2.35(m,2H),2.29(s,6H),2.18(s,3H),1.66(dq,J=8.0,6.3Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.81,152.54,137.52,136.57,130.83,126.86,59.69,28.59,22.35,20.33,15.23。
称取3-(5-巯基-4-(3,4,5-三甲基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(300mg,1.32mmol),加入碳酸钾(447mg,3.24mmol),加入8mL乙腈,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(93μL,1.50mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(3,4,5-三甲基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为乳白色固体粉末(200mg,产率:64%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(s,2H),4.49(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.42-3.37(m,2H),2.63-2.56(m,2H),2.55(s,3H),1.73(p,J=6.6Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.94,150.89,134.38,133.49,132.44,129.09,60.23,29.99,21.89,20.53,15.51,14.80.HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H12Cl3N3OS[M+H]+:351.9845;发现为:351.9825。
实施例25:3-(4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物25)的合成
称取4-甲氧基-1-异硫氰基苯(227mg,1.37mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(186mg,1.58mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(5-巯基-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(150mg,产率:38%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.63(s,1H),7.35-7.28(m,2H),7.12-7.06(m,2H),3.83(s,3H),3.35(t,J=6.2Hz,2H),2.42(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.65(dt,J=8.3,6.5Hz,2H)。
称取3-(5-巯基-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(100mg,0.39mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(64μL,0.59mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(87mg,产率:45%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.36(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.12(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),4.49(t,J=5.1Hz,1H),3.84(s,3H),2.54(m,4H),2.53(s,3H),1.68(d,J=7.1Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ160.43,156.30,151.47,129.07,126.00,115.46,60.24,55.99,30.00,21.90,14.85.HRMS(ESI)计算为C13H17N3O2S[M+H]+:280.1120,[M+Na]+:302.0930;发现为:280.1107,[M+Na]+:302.0924。
实施例26:3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物26)的合成
称取4-三氟甲基-1-异硫氰基苯(305mg,1.00mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(186mg,1.00mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量橙黄色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(5-巯基-4-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为橙黄色固体(128mg,产率:40%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.81(s,1H),7.98(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.73(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),3.35(d,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.47(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.66(p,J=6.7Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ167.90,152.48,137.86,130.03,127.03,125.64,122.93,59.89,28.75,22.64。
称取3-(5-巯基-4-(4-三氟甲基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(120mg,0.38mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(35μL,0.57mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=15:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(90mg,产率:75%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.95(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.70(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),4.42(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.32(q,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.53(m,2H),2.50(s,3H),1.66(p,J=6.4Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.87,150.84,137.25,130.75,130.43,127.57,125.52,122.81,60.13,29.87,21.92,15.22.HRMS(ESI)计算为C13H14F3N3OS[M+H]+:318.0888;发现为:318.0866。
实施例27:3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物27)的合成
称取4-三氟甲基-1-异硫氰基苯(305mg,1.00mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(186mg,1.00mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(5-巯基-4-(3-三氟甲基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(260mg,产率:82%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.78(s,1H),7.94(d,J=11.8Hz,2H),7.87-7.76(m,2H),3.36(m,2H),2.46(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.66(p,J=6.7Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.02,152.59,135.05,133.28,131.20,130.70,130.37,126.82,126.10,59.90,28.71,22.64。
称取3-(5-巯基-4-(3-三氟甲基苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(120mg,0.38mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(35μL,0.57mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=15:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为无色油状液体(92mg,产率:77%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.02-7.96(m,2H),7.89-7.80(m,2H),4.49(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.37(m,2H),2.55(d,J=2.6Hz,5H),1.75-1.66(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.96,150.98,134.45,132.26,131.78,127.28,125.07,122.56,60.13,29.80,21.89,15.15.HRMS(ESI)计算为C13H14F3N3OS[M+H]+:318.0888,[M+Na]+:340.0707;发现:[M+H]+:318.0869。[M+Na]+:340.0687。
实施例28:3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(间甲苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物28)的合成
称取3-甲基-1-异硫氰基苯(298mg,2.00mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(248mg,2.10mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(5-巯基-4-(间甲苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(260mg,产率:32%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.65(s,1H),7.46(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.25-7.12(m,2H),4.47(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.36(t,J=5.8Hz,2H),2.43(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.38(s,3H),1.65(p,J=6.7Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.06,152.71,139.51,134.20,130.55,129.67,129.05,125.76,59.95,28.88,22.63,21.23。
称取3-(5-巯基-4-(间甲苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(150mg,0.60mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(56μL,0.90mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=15:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(间甲苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(231mg,产率:68%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.41(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.33(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.11-6.97(m,2H),3.70(q,J=5.4Hz,2H),3.27(t,J=5.4Hz,1H),2.69(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.64(s,3H),2.43(s,3H),1.98-1.87(m,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ156.06,152.39,140.36,133.09,130.88,129.78,127.47,124.03,61.80,29.35,22.57,21.30,14.59.HRMS(ESI)计算为C13H17N3OS[M+H]+:264.1171;发现为:264.1173。
实施例29:3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(吡啶-3-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物29)的合成
称取3-吡啶基异硫氰酸酯(300mg,2.20mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(260mg,2.20mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(5-巯基-4-(吡啶-3-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(粗产物),为白色固体(323mg,产率:62%)。
称取3-(5-巯基-4-(吡啶-3-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(100mg,0.42mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(40μL,0.64mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=15:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(吡啶-3-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(231mg,产率:68%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.74(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),8.66(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.97(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.62(dd,J=8.0,4.8Hz,1H),4.42(t,J=5.1Hz,1H),3.33(q,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.53(m,2H),2.50(s,3H),1.66(p,J=6.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.18,151.40,151.21,148.51,135.85,130.66,125.12,60.13,29.90,21.86,15.27.HRMS(ESI)计算为C11H14N4OS[M+H]+:251.0967;发现为:251.0968。
实施例30:3-(4-环己基-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物30)的合成
称取环己基异硫氰酸酯(283mg,2.00mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(248mg,2.10mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(4-环己基-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(粗产物),为白色固体(230mg,产率:48%)。
称取3-(4-环己基-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(100mg,0.41mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,100mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(39μL,0.62mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(4-环己基-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(40mg,产率:38%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ4.60(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),4.02(ddt,J=12.4,8.5,3.8Hz,1H),3.48(q,J=5.9Hz,2H),2.78(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.51(p,J=1.8Hz,2H),2.01(qd,J=12.4,3.4Hz,2H),1.79(m,J=14.4,9.3,3.8Hz,6H),1.67(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),1.39(qt,J=12.9,3.4Hz,2H),1.18(ttd,J=12.9,9.6,4.9Hz,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ155.81,149.14,60.31,55.51,31.12,30.77,25.76,25.09,22.22,15.88.HRMS(ESI)计算为C12H21N3OS[M+H]+:256.1484,[M+Na]+:278.1303;发现[M+H]+:256.1471,[M+Na]+:278.1289。
实施例31:3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(萘-1-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物31)的合成
称取1-萘异硫氰酸酯(370mg,2.00mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(248mg,2.10mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(5-巯基-4-(萘-1-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(粗产物),为白色固体(352mg,产率:62%)。
称取3-(5-巯基-4-(萘-1-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(180mg,0.60mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(276mg,2.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(55μL,0.87mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(萘-1-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(97mg,产率:54%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.17(ddd,J=28.4,8.1,3.6Hz,2H),7.75-7.57(m,4H),7.11(dd,J=8.6,3.1Hz,1H),4.41(q,J=4.7Hz,1H),3.36(d,J=3.5Hz,2H),2.52(s,3H),2.48-2.29(m,2H),1.65(ddt,J=15.0,7.7,3.6Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.78,152.07,134.31,131.15,129.51,129.16,128.77,127.68,127.14,126.34,121.68,60.13,30.14,21.87,14.97.HRMS(ESI)计算为C16H17N3OS[M+H]+:300.1171;发现为:300.1155。
实施例32:3-(4-苄基-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物32)的合成
称取苄基异硫氰酸酯(300mg,2.01mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(237mg,2.01mmol),加入6mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。冷却后缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(4-苄基-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(粗产物),为白色固体(323mg,产率:64%)。
称取3-(4-苄基-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(100mg,0.40mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(37μL,0.60mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(4-苄基-5-(甲硫基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(97mg,产率:53%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.37(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.31(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.08(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),5.15(s,2H),4.53(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.43(q,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.73-2.64(m,2H),2.55(s,3H),1.76(dq,J=7.5,6.3Hz,2H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.28,150.72,136.10,129.32,128.27,126.92,60.26,46.59,30.24,21.60,15.68.HRMS(ESI)计算为C13H17N3OS[M+H]+:264.1171;发现为:264.1168。
实施例33:3-(5-((2,6-二氯苄基)硫基)-4-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物33)的合成
称取实施例15中的中间产物3-(4-(2,4-二氟苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(100mg,0.33mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(136mg,0.99mmol),加入2,6-二氯苄溴(87mg,0.36mmol),加入8mL乙腈,在转子搅拌下,室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=200:1至40:1的梯度过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-((2,6-二氯苄基)硫基)-4-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(59mg,产率:42%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.70-7.57(m,2H),7.46(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.38-7.29(m,2H),4.48(t,J=5.1Hz,1H),4.39(s,2H),3.38(q,J=5.9Hz,2H),2.56(td,J=7.6,3.8Hz,2H),1.77-1.66(m,2H)。HRMS(ESI)计算为C18H15Cl2F2N3OS[M+H]+:430.0359;发现为:430.0361。
实施例34:4-(5-((2,6-二氯苄基)硫基)-4-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丁-1-醇(化合物34)的合成
称取2,4-二氟-1-异硫氰基苯(342mg,2.00mmol)放入25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入5-羟基戊酸肼(264mg,2.00mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜,旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜,待体系冷却后,缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量白色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到4-(4-(2,4-二氟苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丁-1-醇。称取4-(4-(2,4-二氟苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丁-1-醇(100mg,0.31mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(130mg,0.94mmol),加入2,6-二氯苄溴(83mg,0.35mmol),加入8mL乙腈,在转子搅拌下,室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=20:1过硅胶柱,得到白色固体(106mg,产率:76%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.63(dtt,J=14.7,8.8,4.3Hz,2H),7.47-7.42(m,2H),7.33(ddd,J=12.5,9.0,6.9Hz,2H),4.40-4.37(s,2H),4.36(m,1H),3.34-3.27(m,2H),2.54(td,J=7.4,3.4Hz,2H),1.58(q,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.44-1.34(m,2H)。HRMS(ESI)计算为C19H17Cl2F2N3OS[M+H]+:444.0516;发现为:444.0516。
实施例35:S-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-(3-羟丙基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)氨基甲酸酯(化合物35)的合成
称取实施例10中合成的3-(4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-巯基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(100mg,0.33mmol),加入三氯乙酰氯(120mg,0.66mmol),加入5mL乙腈和1mL DMF,一小时后,检测到体系中原料已经完全转化,停止反应,旋蒸除去溶剂,加入7M氨甲醇溶液(10mL),回流3h,反应完全,减压旋蒸,用石油醚:丙酮=3:1过硅胶柱,得到白色固体(77mg,产率:67%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.98(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.71-7.62(m,2H),4.51(t,J=5.1Hz,1H),2.51(m,2H),2.36(dd,J=8.5,6.8Hz,2H),1.65(dq,J=8.1,6.3Hz,2H)。13CNMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.07,152.63,136.15,133.70,133.11,132.45,130.80,130.52,129.34,59.88,28.89,22.39。
实施例36:3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(喹啉-3-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物36)的合成
称取3-氨基喹啉(577mg,4.00mmol)放于25mL单口瓶中,加入磁子,溶于10mL四氢呋喃中,加入三乙胺(1.22g,12.00mmol)并且于冰浴下搅拌,缓慢滴加硫光气(336μL,4.40mmol),冰浴下反应2h,取样检测,原料已经完全反应后,慢慢滴加2M氢氧化钠水溶液来淬灭反应,再用二氯甲烷(3×10mL)和饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(10mL)萃取,有机相用饱和氯化钠洗涤,再用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋转蒸发浓缩后,以石油醚:乙酸乙酯=20:1至10:1的梯度过硅胶柱,得到3-异硫氰基喹啉,为无色液体(300mg,产率:40%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.80(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.12(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.96(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.82-7.72(m,2H),7.62(ddd,J=8.1,7.1,1.1Hz,1H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ147.71,146.03,138.99,130.35,130.06,129.56,128.01,127.49,127.40,125.98。
称取3-异硫氰基喹啉(253mg,1.36mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(169mg,1.43mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量淡黄色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(5-巯基-4-(喹啉-3-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为白色固体(270mg,产率:70%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.89(s,1H),8.93(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.61(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.17-8.08(m,2H),7.92(ddd,J=8.5,6.9,1.5Hz,1H),7.75(ddd,J=8.1,6.8,1.1Hz,1H),3.36(t,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.59-2.52(m,2H),1.73-1.65(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.46,152.92,150.22,147.55,135.86,131.51,129.31,129.02,128.12,128.04,127.66,59.91,28.86,22.67。
称取3-(5-巯基-4-(喹啉-3-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(200mg,0.70mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(65μL,0.74mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(喹啉-3-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为淡黄色固体粉末(174mg,产率:83%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.97(t,J=2.2Hz,1H),8.68(s,1H),8.20-8.10(m,2H),7.94(ddt,J=8.5,7.0,1.6Hz,1H),7.82-7.72(m,1H),4.47(td,J=5.2,1.8Hz,1H),3.39(d,J=4.6Hz,2H),2.65-2.59(m,2H),2.57(d,J=1.9Hz,3H),1.78-1.68(m,2H)。
实施例37:3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(喹啉-6-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(化合物37)的合成
称取6-氨基喹啉(577mg,4.00mmol)放于25mL单口瓶中,加入磁子,溶于10mL四氢呋喃,加入三乙胺(1.22g,12.00mmol)并且于冰浴下搅拌,缓慢滴加硫光气(336μL,4.40mmol),冰浴下反应2h,取样检测,原料已经完全反应后,慢慢滴加2M氢氧化钠水溶液来淬灭反应,再用二氯甲烷和饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液萃取,有机相用饱和氯化钠洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋转蒸发浓缩后,以石油醚:乙酸乙酯=20:1至10:1的梯度过硅胶柱,得到6-异硫氰基喹啉,为无色液体(520mg,产率:70%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.94(dd,J=4.2,1.7Hz,1H),8.15-8.07(m,2H),7.67(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.56(dd,J=9.0,2.3Hz,1H),7.46(dd,J=8.4,4.2Hz,1H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ151.03,146.66,136.92,135.46,131.44,129.45,128.38,127.36,123.53,122.23,76.72。
称取6-异硫氰基喹啉(300mg,1.61mmol),加入4-羟基丁酸肼(200mg,1.69mmol),加入8mL无水乙醇,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,旋干乙醇溶液,随即加入8mL 2M氢氧化钠水溶液,回流过夜。检测反应完全转化后,缓慢加入2M HCl水溶液,直至溶液变为酸性,出现大量黄色固体,抽滤后用水洗,再抽干后,得到3-(5-巯基-4-(喹啉-6-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为黄色固体(380mg,产率:82%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.80(s,1H),9.04(dd,J=4.2,1.7Hz,1H),8.48(dd,J=8.4,1.7Hz,1H),8.22-8.14(m,2H),7.80(dd,J=8.9,2.4Hz,1H),7.66(dd,J=8.3,4.2Hz,1H),4.47(s,1H),3.34(t,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.53(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),1.72-1.61(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ168.22,152.79,152.45,147.74,136.95,132.09,130.72,129.97,128.35,128.28,122.72,59.92,28.92,22.71。
称取3-(5-巯基-4-(喹啉-6-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇(200mg,0.70mmol),加入碳酸钾固体(138mg,1.00mmol),加入8mL丙酮,在转子搅拌下,滴加碘甲烷(65μL,0.74mmol),室温反应过夜。旋转蒸发后,以二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1过硅胶柱,得到3-(5-(甲硫基)-4-(喹啉-6-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)丙-1-醇,为淡黄色固体粉末(171mg,产率:83%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.05(dd,J=4.2,1.7Hz,1H),8.49(dd,J=8.4,1.7Hz,1H),8.22(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),8.19(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.81(dd,J=8.9,2.4Hz,1H),7.68(dd,J=8.3,4.2Hz,1H),4.46(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),3.38(d,J=5.9Hz,2H),2.62(dd,J=8.3,7.1Hz,2H),2.56(s,3H),1.75-1.67(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ156.17,152.73,151.26,147.77,136.98,131.44,131.36,128.72,128.38,127.40,123.08,60.17,30.03,21.99,15.08。
实施例38:2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲腈(化合物38)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-1H-咪唑的合成
在室温下,将1-(1H-咪唑-1-基)-2-甲基丙-2-醇(10.3g,73.5mmol,根据Tetrahedron,63(2),2007,469-473中报道的方法制备)和6-二甲基吡啶(60.0mL,515.0mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷(900mL)中,经10分钟的过程通过加料漏斗添加三氟甲磺酸叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基酯(84.5mL,368.0mmol),在室温下将反应搅拌16小时。此后,将反应混合物浓缩至约400mL,用水(5×400mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(400mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并且旋干。将得到的残余物与甲苯(3×400mL)共沸并且通过快速SiO2色谱法(100g硅胶,二氯甲烷至4%甲醇/96%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到红色油状物(18.1g,产率:97%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.51(s,1H),7.06(t,J=1.1Hz,1H),6.86(s,1H),3.88(s,2H),1.15(s,6H),0.83(s,9H),0.01(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ138.30,127.41,120.76,72.90,57.87,26.96,25.74,17.71,-2.31;MS(ESI+),计算C13H26N2OSi(M+H)=255.1893;发现=255.1885。
(2)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)1H-咪唑的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-1H-咪唑(15.35g,60.33mmol)的四氢呋喃(735mL)溶液在干冰/异丙醇浴中冷却至-78℃。在20分钟内缓慢加入正丁基锂(36mL,91mmol,2.5M己烷溶液),保持内部温度在-55℃以下,并且将得到的溶液在相同温度下搅拌40分钟。此后,将反应烧瓶转移至干冰/异丙醇浴中(保持在-40℃至-25℃之间)并且搅拌1小时。此后,将反应烧瓶放回-78℃环境中并且搅拌直至内部温度达到-65℃。此时,滴加N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(9.40mL,121mmol),并且搅拌30分钟。此后,将反应物在室温下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(100mL)和水(100mL)。通过旋转蒸发浓缩整个双相混合物以除去约500mL的四氢呋喃。加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(300mL)进一步稀释,并且用乙酸乙酯(3×200mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(300mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并且浓缩至干,得到粗制的1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-1H-咪唑-2-甲醛,为黄色油状物。将该油状物溶解于甲醇(450mL)中并且在冰浴中冷却,加入硼氢化钠(3.42g,90.5mmol)并且将冰浴保持5分钟。此后,移去冰浴,将反应物在室温下搅拌18.5小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(300mL),用二氯甲烷(3×200mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(400mL)洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将得到的灰白色固体与甲苯(400mL)共沸,然后在高真空泵上旋转数小时,得到粗品(1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-1H咪唑-2-基)。将该固体溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(450mL)中并且在冰浴(≈0℃)中冷却。加入氢化钠(3.62g,90.5mmol,60%分散在矿物油中)并且在冰浴中搅拌30分钟。此后,加入溴乙烷(9.0mL,120mmol),然后除去冰浴,将反应物在室温下反应18小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(100mL)和水(150mL)。用乙酸乙酯(3×200mL)萃取,然后将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×200mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(300mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将所得的残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(340g硅胶,二氯甲烷至5%甲醇/95%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到橙色油状物(13.45g,三步产率:71%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.11(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),6.82(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),4.46(s,2H),3.92(s,2H),3.42(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.19(s,6H),1.08(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.82(s,9H),0.04(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ144.76,126.18,121.86,73.53,64.74,63.80,56.56,27.22,25.77,17.70,14.90,-2.23;MS(ESI+),计算C16H33N2O2Si(M+H):313.2311,发现为:313.2316。
(3)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-1H-咪唑的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)1H-咪唑(3.00g,9.60mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(60mL)中并且加热至80℃。将N-碘代琥珀酰亚胺(4.32g,19.2mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(30mL)中,并且在5分钟内缓慢加入至原始反应烧瓶中,将反应在80℃下搅拌16小时。此后,使反应冷却至室温并且加入100mL水,加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至观察不到进一步的颜色变化,得到浅黄色悬浮液。用乙酸乙酯(3×70mL)萃取所得混合物。然后将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×150mL)洗涤,用200mL饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,用氯化镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(100g硅胶,己烷至25%乙酸乙酯/75%己烷的梯度)纯化得到浅黄色油状物(2.44g,产物:58%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.25(s,1H),4.44(s,2H),3.91(s,2H),3.42(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.17(s,6H),1.08(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.83(s,9H),0.04(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ147.02,127.62,80.04,73.43,64.94,63.11,56.66,27.05,25.77,17.75,14.90,-2.26;MS(ESI+),计算C16H32IN2O2Si(M+H):439.1278,发现为:439.1274。
(4)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)1H-咪唑-4-甲腈的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-1H-咪唑(2.00g,4.56mmol)溶解于二甲基亚砜(60mL)中,用氮气反复置换里面的空气(×3),加入氰化铜(I)(0.817g,9.12mmol),将所得混合物脱气并且再次用氮气回填。将反应在150℃下加热17小时,然后冷却至室温。加入乙酸乙酯(300mL)并且通过硅胶塞(约70g)过滤。将滤液用水(3×200mL)洗涤,用200mL饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,并且通过硅胶塞(约70g,用乙酸乙酯洗脱)过滤,得到黄色油状物(1.467g,产率:95%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.98(s,1H),4.52(s,2H),4.02(s,2H),3.45(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.21(s,6H),1.09(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.79(s,9H),0.03(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ147.38,131.98,115.47,109.95,73.14,65.25,63.21,57.05,27.16,25.74,17.69,14.85,-2.28;MS(ESI+),计算C17H32N3O2Si(M+H):338.2264,发现为:338.2257。
(5)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-碘-1H-咪唑-4-甲腈的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)1H-咪唑-4-甲腈(1.467g,4.346mmol)放于干燥的烧瓶中,加入60mL四氢呋喃将其溶解,在干冰/异丙醇浴(约-78℃)中冷却,在5分钟内缓慢加入正丁基锂(3.0mL,4.8mmol,1.6M己烷溶液),并且将反应混合物在冰浴中搅拌30分钟。此后,在10分钟内缓慢加入碘(2.21g,8.69mmol)的四氢呋喃(9mL)溶液。将反应混合物在干冰浴中再搅拌30分钟,将反应物在室温下搅拌17小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(60mL),用乙酸乙酯(3×40mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用硫代硫酸钠五水合物(100mL,1M)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(100mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(100g硅胶,二氯甲烷至6%乙酸乙酯/94%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化获得的残余物,得到橙色固体(1.928g,产率:96%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ4.63(s,2H),4.10(s,2H),3.43(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.32(s,6H),1.09(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.72(s,9H),0.06(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ150.64,119.51,115.66,91.76,73.93,65.38,64.55,57.23,28.93,25.87,17.75,14.87,-2.05;MS(ESI+),计算C17H31IN3O2Si(M+H):464.1230,发现为:464.1225。
(6)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲腈的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-碘-1H-咪唑-4-甲腈(2.239g,4.831mmol)、苯硼酸(0.647g,5.31mmol)溶解于1,4-二恶烷(63mL)中,添加碳酸钠水溶液(32mL,1M),将反应液脱气并且用氮气(4×)回填。加入四(三苯基膦)钯(0)并且将所得混合物脱气并再次用氮气(4×)回填。将混合物在80℃下加热20小时。此后,使反应冷却至室温,用水(200mL)稀释,并且用乙酸乙酯(3×100mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(100g硅胶,己烷至15%乙酸乙酯/85%己烷的梯度)纯化,获得黄色油状物(1.99g,产率:99%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.61-7.51(m,5H),4.64(s,2H),4.23(s,2H),3.52(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.15(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.86(s,6H),0.70(s,9H),0.03(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ148.97,142.61,129.76,129.36,129.17,127.49,115.81,110.52,73.60,65.51,64.56,54.77,28.19,25.72,17.65,14.91,-2.27;MS(ESI+),计算C23H36N3O2Si(M+H):414.2577,发现为:414.2569。
(7)2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲腈的合成
向1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲腈(0.050g,0.12mmol)的四氢呋喃(2mL)溶液中加入四丁基氟化铵(0.36mL,0.36mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液)。将溶液在室温下搅拌18小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(5mL),并且将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至70%乙酸乙酯/30%己烷的梯度)纯化,获得白色固体(0.028g,产率:78%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.59-7.50(m,5H),4.80(s,1H),4.72(s,2H),4.13(s,2H),3.52(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.15(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.75(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ149.06,142.88,129.58,129.43,129.13,127.50,115.87,110.36,69.65,65.38,64.47,53.94,27.57,14.95;MS(ESI+),计算C17H22N3O2(M+H):300.1712,发现为:300.1717。
实施例39:2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲脒(化合物39)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲脒的合成
将固体氯化铵(0.026g,0.48mmol)溶解于甲苯(4mL)中,并且在冰浴(≈0℃)中冷却。在2分钟内加入三甲基铝(0.73mL,0.73mmol,1M庚烷溶液),并且将得到的混合物在冰浴中搅拌30分钟,接着在室温下搅拌90分钟。此后,将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲腈(0.100g,0.242mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃(1.5mL)中,并且在80℃加热17小时。此后,将溶液冷却至室温,加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(10mL),然后加入饱和酒石酸钾钠水溶液(30mL),用乙酸乙酯(3×30mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(50mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷至20%[1%三乙胺/99%甲醇]/80%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.075g,产率:72%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.38(br s,3H),7.60-7.55(m,3H),7.54-7.50(m,2H),4.70(s,2H),4.12(s,2H),3.55(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.16(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.83(s,6H),0.75(s,9H),-0.01(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ159.50,147.67,137.48,130.84,130.05,129.33,127.37,125.33,73.57,65.60,64.54,54.50,28.21,25.84,17.73,14.96,-2.17;MS(ESI+),计算C23H39N4O2Si(M+H):431.2842,发现为:431.2841。
(2)2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲脒的合成
向1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲脒(0.098g,0.23mmol)的乙腈溶液(在HDPE闪烁瓶中加入5mL氢氟酸(5mL,48wt%,在水中),并且将溶液在室温下搅拌21小时。此后,将溶液加入至碳酸钠(50.0g,472mmol)的乙腈(100mL,在冰浴中冷却至约0℃)的混合物中并且搅拌30分钟,过滤溶液,将滤液浓缩至干。将所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷至20%[1%三乙胺/99%甲醇]/80%二氯甲烷的梯度,进行3×)纯化,得到白色固体(0.015g,产率:21%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.44(br s,3H),7.58-7.47(m,5H),4.88(s,1H),4.77(s,2H),4.03(s,2H),3.55(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.16(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.74(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ159.95,148.05,137.53,130.92,129.86,129.15,127.46,125.27,69.50,65.49,64.58,53.57,27.76,15.05;MS(ESI+),计算C17H25N4O2(M+H):317.1978,发现为:317.1970。
实施例40:2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲酰胺(化合物40)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲酰胺的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲腈(0.100g,0.242mmol)溶于乙醇(3mL)中,加入氢氧化钾(0.135g,2.42mmol)的水(3mL)溶液,将得到的混合物加热回流18小时。此后,将混合物冷却至室温,加入盐酸(0.2mL,12.1M),然后加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液至中性,然后用乙酸乙酯(3×20mL)萃取,将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将得到的固体用乙醚/己烷重结晶,得到灰白色固体(0.085g,产率:82%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.44-7.38(m,5H),7.26(s,1H),6.96(s,1H),4.63(s,2H),4.07(s,2H),3.52(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.15(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.81(s,6H),0.73(s,9H),-0.03(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ164.09,145.29,135.40,131.22,130.95,130.04,128.15,127.76,73.65,65.34,64.86,54.05,28.26,25.81,17.71,15.01,-2.20;MS(ESI+),计算C23H38N3O3Si(M+H):432.2682,发现为:432.2688。
(2)2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲酰胺的合成
向1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲酰胺(0.041g,0.095mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液(4mL)中加入四丁基氟化铵(95μL,0.095mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液),并且将溶液在室温下搅拌18小时。此后,加入10mL饱和氯化铵水溶液,并且将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。得到的固体用乙酸乙酯和己烷重结晶,得到白色固体(0.019g,产率:63%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.43-7.34(m,5H),7.24(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.94(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),4.75(s,1H),4.71(s,2H),3.98(s,2H),3.52(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.15(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.71(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ164.15,145.52,135.59,131.28,130.77,130.08,128.03,127.63,69.61,65.20,64.76,53.13,27.77,15.05;MS(ESI+),计算C17H24N3O3(M+H):318.1818,发现为:318.1825。
实施例41:2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲醛(化合物41)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲醛的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲腈(1.70g,4.11mmol)的溶液在干冰/异丙醇浴(≈-78℃)冷却。在10分钟内缓慢加入二异丁基氢化铝(8.2mL,8.2mmol,1M的己烷溶液),将溶液在干冰浴中搅拌3.5小时,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(100mL),将混合物放置至室温并且用乙酸乙酯(3×75mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和酒石酸钾钠水溶液(150mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(150mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(100g硅胶,己烷至50%乙酸乙酯/50%己烷的梯度)纯化,获得灰白色固体(1.21g,产率:71%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.56(s,1H),7.55-7.51(m,5H),4.68(s,2H),4.18(s,2H),3.53(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.16(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.85(s,6H),0.72(s,9H),-0.02(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ184.32,148.29,142.59,136.24,130.59,129.36,128.78,127.95,73.69,65.43,64.92,54.18,28.24,25.76,17.67,14.94,-2.23;MS(ESI+),计算C23H37N2O3Si(M+H):417.2574,发现为:417.2570。
(2)2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲醛的合成
向1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲醛(0.075g,0.18mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液(6mL)中加入四丁基氟化铵(0.54mL,0.54mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液)。将溶液在室温下搅拌16小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),并且将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取,将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷至7%甲醇/93%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.083g,产率:83%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.53(s,1H),7.57-7.47(m,5H),4.80(s,1H),4.76(s,2H),4.09(s,2H),3.53(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.16(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.75(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ145.30,138.16,130.81,130.61,129.93,128.61,127.61,74.00,65.14,65.08,56.09,54.24,28.15,25.82,17.71,15.01,-2.19;MS(ESI+),计算C17H23N2O3(M+H):303.1709,发现为:303.1711。
实施例42:2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸甲酯(化合物42)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲醛(0.537g,1.29mmol)溶解于乙腈(5.4mL)中,加入10%氢氧化钠水溶液(6.4mL),然后加入硝酸银(I)(0.438g,2.58mmol),并且将得到的混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。此后,将混合物用磷酸二氢钠一水合物(80mL,1M水溶液)中和,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(50mL)稀释,并且将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(4×50mL)萃取,将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(100mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干,得到白色固体(0.490g,产率:88%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.0(br s,1H),7.47-7.38(m,5H),4.64(s,2H),4.06(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.15(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.82(s,6H),0.73(s,9H),-0.03(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ163.78,146.21,138.53,131.04,129.88,128.70,128.48,127.95,73.61,65.26,64.94,54.17,28.29,25.79,17.70,14.98,-2.21;MS(ESI+),计算C23H37N2O4Si(M–H):431.2366,发现为:431.2375。
(2)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸甲酯的合成
在碳酸钾(0.363g,2.62mmol)中加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(8.5mL),再加入1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸(0.283g,0.654mmol),并且将所得混合物搅拌15分钟后,加入碘甲烷(61μL,0.98mmol)并搅拌17小时。此后,加入水(20mL),用乙酸乙酯(3×10mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×30mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至35%乙酸乙酯/65%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到无色油状液体(0.254g,产率:87%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.49-7.43(m,3H),7.43-7.39(m,2H),4.64(s,2H),4.08(s,2H),3.59(s,3H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.83(s,6H),0.72(s,9H),-0.03(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ162.84,146.60,139.09,130.92,129.49,128.66,128.02,127.81,73.60,65.25,64.91,54.20,50.74,28.26,25.77,17.67,14.94,-2.22;MS(ESI+),计算C24H39N2O4Si(M+H):447.2679,发现为:447.2677。
(3)2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸甲酯的合成
向1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸甲酯(0.050g,0.11mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液(3mL)中,加入四丁基氟化铵(0.33mL,0.33mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液),并且将溶液在室温下搅拌16小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),并且将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷至8%甲醇/92%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.034g,产率:92%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.49-7.45(m,2H),7.41-7.34(m,3H),4.67(2×s,3H),4.09(s,2H),4.03(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),3.16(s,3H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.71(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ145.78,134.30,132.45,130.45,130.03,128.58,127.79,69.82,66.77,65.02,64.87,56.94,53.39,27.72,15.06;MS(ESI+),计算C18H25N2O4(M+H):319.2022,发现为:319.2020。
实施例43:1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(羟甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物43)的合成
(1)(1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-基)甲醇的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-甲醛(0.458g,1.10mmol)溶解于甲醇(17mL)中,缓慢加入硼氢化钠(0.064g,1.7mmol)。将混合物在室温下搅拌3小时,然后加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(50mL),用二氯甲烷(4×25mL)萃取混合物,将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(100mL)洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩至干,将混合物通过快速SiO2色谱法(50g硅胶,二氯甲烷至7%甲醇/93%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.413g,产率:90%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.48-7.45(m,2H),7.41-7.36(m,3H),4.78(t,J=5.4,1H),4.60(s,2H),4.17(d,J=5.2,2H),4.11(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.81(s,6H),0.74(s,9H),-0.04(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ145.30,138.16,130.81,130.61,129.93,128.61,127.61,74.00,65.14,65.08,56.09,54.24,28.15,25.82,17.71,15.01,-2.19。
(2)1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(羟甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇的合成
向(1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-基)甲醇(0.030g,0.072mmol)的四氢呋喃(2mL)溶液中加入四丁基氟化铵(0.22mL,0.22mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液)。将溶液在室温下搅拌16小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),并且将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至70%乙酸乙酯/30%己烷的梯度)纯化,获得白色固体(0.018g,产率:82%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.48-7.44(m,2H),7.39-7.35(m,3H),4.74(t,J=5.4Hz,1H),4.66(s,2H),4.64(s,1H),4.16(d,J=5.4Hz,2H),4.03(s,2H),3.51(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.71(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ145.53,137.69,130.86,130.76,130.09,128.45,127.52,69.82,65.01,64.91,56.15,53.30,27.72,15.04;MS(ESI+),计算为C17H25N2O3(M+H):305.1865,发现为:305.1873。
实施例44:1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(甲氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物44)的合成
将(1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-基)甲醇(0.050g,0.12mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2mL)中,在冰浴(约0℃)中冷却。加入氢化钠(0.008g,0.2mmol,60%分散在矿物油中),将得到的混合物在冰浴中搅拌20分钟。此后,加入碘甲烷(15μL,0.24mmol),移去冰浴,将溶液在室温下搅拌19小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),并且将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×10mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将得到的残余物通过硅胶塞过滤(≈10g,用乙酸乙酯洗脱),将滤液浓缩至干,得到粗制的1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(甲氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑,为无色油状物(0.051g,产率98%),其不经过进一步纯化而用于下一步反应。将得到的无色油状物(0.045g,0.10mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃(3mL)中,加入四丁基氟化铵(0.30mL,0.30mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液),将溶液在室温下搅拌18小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),并且将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取,将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至乙酸乙酯至10%甲醇/90%乙酸乙酯的梯度)纯化,获得白色固体(0.024g,产率:75%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.48-7.41(m,3H),7.39-7.35(m,2H),4.78(s,1H),4.72(s,2H),3.98(s,2H),3.57(s,3H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.72(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ130.88,129.89,128.75,127.60,73.89,65.20,54.25,28.24,25.82,17.71,15.03,-2.19;MS(ESI+),计算为C18H27N2O3(M+H):319.2022,发现为:319.2020。
实施例45:1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-甲基-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物45)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-甲基-5-苯基-1H-咪唑的合成
将(1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-基)甲醇(0.050g,0.12mmol)溶解于1,2-二氯乙烷(2mL)中,并且在冰浴(≈0℃)中冷却,加入亚硫酰氯(18μL,0.24mmol),将溶液在冰浴中再搅拌10分钟。此后,将溶液温热至室温,然后在60℃下加热2.5小时。此后,将溶液冷却至室温,用二氯甲烷(10mL)稀释。将所得有机溶液用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(10mL)中和,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将所得残余物在高真空泵上进一步干燥1小时。将所得残余物溶解于二甲基亚砜(2mL)中。加入硼氢化钠(0.042g,1.1mmol)。立即使用另外的二甲基亚砜(1mL)冲洗反应烧瓶的侧面。将混合物在室温下搅拌24小时。此后,加入水(10mL),并且将得到的混合物用乙醚(3×10mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将所得的残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至14%乙酸乙酯/86%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.033g,产率:75%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.55-7.51(m,2H),7.49-7.42(m,3H),4.93(s,2H),4.18(s,2H),3.55(q,J=7.0Hz),2.13(s,3H),1.16(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.86(s,6H),0.71(s,9H),-0.04(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ144.11,131.26,130.43,129.21,129.03,128.77,128.57,73.36,65.75,60.67,54.59,28.26,25.73,17.64,14.96,10.92,-2.29;MS(ESI+),计算为C23H39N2O2Si(M+H):403.2781,发现为:403.2779。
(2)1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-甲基-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇的合成
向1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-甲基-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.025g,0.062mmol)的乙腈溶液(1.3mL,在HDPE闪烁瓶中)中加入氢氟酸(1.3mL,48wt%的水溶液),将溶液在室温下搅拌16小时。此后,加入饱和碳酸钠水溶液直至pH≈10,并且用乙酸乙酯(3×20mL)萃取所得混合物。合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(40mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷至7%甲醇/93%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.016g,产率:89%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.47-7.44(m,2H),7.37-7.33(m,1H),7.30-7.28(m,2H),4.62-4.62(m,3H),3.98(s,2H),3.49(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.03(s,3H),1.13(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.70(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ145.20,132.93,131.36,130.05,129.13,128.63,127.30,69.83,64.97,64.81,53.38,27.76,15.08,13.13;MS(ESI+),计算为C17H25N2O2(M+H):289.1916,发现为:289.1905。
实施例46:1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(氟甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物46)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(氟甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑的合成
将(1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-基)甲醇(0.113g,0.270mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷(6mL)中,在冰浴(约0℃)中冷却,加入(二乙氨基)三氟化硫(0.35mL,0.35mmol,1M二氯甲烷溶液),将溶液在冰浴中搅拌1小时。此后,加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(10mL),并且将得到的混合物用二氯甲烷(3×10mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至30%乙酸乙酯/70%己烷的梯度)纯化,获得白色固体(0.073g,产率:64%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.54-7.50(m,2H),7.47-7.40(m,3H),5.08(d,J=50.0Hz,2H),4.62(s,2H),4.15(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.15(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.84(s,6H),0.72(s,9H),-0.05(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ146.40,134.22,134.16,132.88,132.70,129.75,129.73,129.70,128.93,128.33,78.38,76.80,73.76,65.23,64.97,54.36,28.21,25.76,17.67,14.97,-2.25;MS(ESI+),计算为C23H38FN2O2Si(M+H):421.2686,发现为:421.2696。
(2)1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(氟甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(氟甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.040g,0.095mmol)溶解于乙腈(2mL,在HDPE闪烁瓶中)中,再加入氢氟酸(2mL,48wt%的水溶液),并且将溶液在室温下搅拌17小时。此后,加入饱和碳酸钠水溶液直至pH≈10,并且用乙酸乙酯(3×30mL)萃取所得混合物。合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(50mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷至6%甲醇/94%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到无色油状物(0.019g,产率:66%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.53-7.49(m,2H),7.46-7.42(m,1H),7.39-7.37(m,2H),5.07(d,J=50.4Hz,2H),4.73(s,1H),4.69(s,2H),4.06(s,2H),3.51(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.72(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ146.59,134.55,134.48,132.52,132.33,130.06,130.04,129.67,129.64,128.82,128.33,78.49,76.91,69.79,65.18,64.84,53.50,27.73,15.07;MS(ESI+),计算为C17H24FN2O2(M+H):307.1822,发现为:307.1819。
实施例47:1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(2-羟基丙烷-2-基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物47)的合成
(1)2-(1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-基)丙-2-醇的合成
在烘箱干燥后的烧瓶中,将氯化铈(III)(0.054g,0.22mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃(2mL)中并且在室温下搅拌2.5小时,随后将混合物在干冰/异丙醇浴(约-78℃)中冷却,将甲基锂(0.24mL,0.39mmol,1.6M在乙醚中的溶液)预先在干冰浴中搅拌30分钟。在第二个烘箱干燥后的烧瓶中,将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸酯(0.051g,0.11mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃(1mL)中,加入至第一个冷却的烧瓶中并且在干冰浴中搅拌30分钟。将混合物从干冰浴中取出并且在室温下搅拌17小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),并且将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取,将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷至80%乙酸乙酯/20%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,获得白色固体(0.037g,产率:76%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.43-7.33(m,5H),4.57(s,2H),4.40(s,1H),3.92(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.27(s,6H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.82(s,6H),0.74(s,9H),-0.04(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ144.20,143.26,132.16,131.97,127.73,127.65,127.39,73.66,69.17,65.22,65.16,53.88,31.32,28.46,25.83,17.73,15.05,-2.17;MS(ESI+),计算为C25H43N2O3Si(M+H):447.3043,发现为:447.3035。
(2)1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(2-羟基丙烷-2-基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇的合成
将2-(1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-基)丙-2-醇(0.030g,0.067mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃(2mL)中,加入四丁基氟化铵(0.20mL,0.20mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液),将溶液在室温下搅拌22小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),并且将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷至5%甲醇/95%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到无色油状物(0.019g,产率:86%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.47-7.30(m,5H),4.69(s,1H),4.66(s,2H),4.50(s,2H),3.83(s,2H),3.51(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.25(s,6H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.74(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ143.40,143.27,132.18,131.87,127.86,127.82,127.68,69.59,68.90,65.17,64.86,53.05,31.16,27.94,15.09;MS(ESI+),计算为C19H29N2O3(M+H):333.2178,发现为:333.2191。
实施例48:1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-4-(丙-2-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物48)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(丙-1-烯-2-基)-1H-咪唑的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-1H-咪唑(0.300g,0.684mmol)和碳酸钠水溶液(2M,2.5mL)的混合物溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)中,脱气并且用氮气(4×)回填。将(1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁)二氯化钯(II)·二氯甲烷(0.028g,0.034mmol)加入上述体系,将所得混合物脱气,再次用氮气(4×)回填。加入异丙烯基硼酸频哪醇酯(0.14mL,0.75mmol),将所得混合物在65℃加热17小时。此后,将混合物冷却至室温,用水(30mL)稀释,并且用乙酸乙酯(3×20mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(2×40mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(50mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(25g硅胶,己烷至30%至70%乙酸乙酯梯度)纯化,获得黄色油状物(0.193g,产率:80%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.14(s,1H),5.48(dd,J=2.8,0.57Hz,1H),4.77(dd,J=2.8,1.5Hz,1H),4.45(s,2H),3.89(s,2H),3.44(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.93(s,3H),1.19(s,6H),1.09(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.86(s,9H),0.06(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ144.92,139.48,136.06,118.69,108.09,73.63,64.89,63.78,56.65,27.01,25.77,19.95,17.74,14.95,-2.22。
(2)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(丙-2-基)-1H-咪唑的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(丙-1-烯-2-基)-1H-咪唑(0.190g,0.539mmol)溶解于甲醇(9mL)中,加入钯碳(0.010g,5%含量)。将混合物脱气并且用氮气回填(4×),然后脱气并且用氢气(4×)回填。然后使反应在氢气氛(氢气球)下搅拌17小时。此后,将混合物脱气并且用氮气(4×)回填,用二氯甲烷(20mL)稀释,并且通过硅藻土过滤,用二氯甲烷冲洗。将滤液浓缩至干。将所得的残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至40%-50%乙酸乙酯/己烷的梯度)纯化,得到无色油状物(0.180g,产率:94%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ6.81(d,J=0.7Hz,1H),4.40(s,2H),3.83(s,2H),3.42(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.70(dsep,J=6.9,0.7Hz,1H),1.17(s,6H),1.13(d,J=6.9Hz,6H),1.08(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.85(s,9H),0.05(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ145.53,143.67,115.95,73.63,64.79,63.87,56.52,27.22,27.09,25.77,22.38,17.72,14.95,-2.24。
(3)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-碘-4-(丙-2-基)-1H-咪唑的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-(丙-2-基)-1H-咪唑(0.175g,0.493mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)中,加入N-碘代琥珀酰亚胺(0.166g,0.740mmol),将得到的溶液在80℃下加热17小时。此后,将溶液冷却至室温,用水(30mL)稀释,加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至观察颜色不变化。用乙酸乙酯(3×20mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×40mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(50mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至20%乙酸乙酯/80%己烷的梯度)纯化,获得无色油状物(0.130g,产率:55%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ4.57(s,2H),3.97(s,2H),3.43(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.81(sep,J=6.9Hz,1H),1.30(s,6H),1.12(d,J=6.9Hz,6H),1.10(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.74(s,9H),0.05(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ149.15,147.72,74.05,73.65,65.31,65.07,56.16,29.05,27.45,25.92,22.27,17.77,14.96,-2.05;MS(ESI+),计算为C19H38IN2O2Si(M+H):481.1747,发现为:481.1745。
(4)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-4-(丙-2-基)-1H-咪唑的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-碘-4-(丙-2-基)-1H-咪唑(0.120g,0.250mmol)、苯基硼酸(0.034g,0.28mmol)溶解于1,4-二恶烷(3.4mL)中,添加碳酸钠水溶液(1.7mL,1M),将反应溶液脱气并用氮气(4×)回填。加入四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(0.015g,0.013mmol),将混合物脱气并再次用氮气(4×)回填,并且将混合物在80℃加热18小时。此后,将混合物冷却至室温,用水(10mL)稀释,并且将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至25%乙酸乙酯/75%己烷的梯度)纯化,获得无色油状物(0.080g,产率:74%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.49-7.45(m,2H),7.38-7.34(m,1H),4.56(s,2H),4.03(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.76(sep,J=6.8Hz,1H),1.15(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),1.11(d,J=6.2Hz,6H),0.82(s,6H),0.70(s,9H),-0.06(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ145.31,143.19,131.37,129.92,128.74,127.35,127.03,73.62,65.28,65.20,54.05,28.43,25.78,25.43,23.17,17.67,15.01,-2.26;MS(ESI+),计算为C25H43N2O2Si(M+H):431.3094,发现为:431.3090。
(5)1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-4-(丙-2-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-4-(丙-2-基)-1H-咪唑(0.075g,0.17mmol)溶解于乙腈(3.5mL,在HDPE闪烁瓶中)中,加入氢氟酸(3.5mL,48wt%的水溶液),并将溶液在室温下搅拌17小时。此后,加入饱和碳酸钠水溶液直至pH≈10,并用乙酸乙酯(3×30mL)萃取所得混合物。合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷至7%甲醇/93%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,获得白色固体(0.052g,产率:96%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.47-7.44(m,2H),7.38-7.34(m,1H),7.28-7.25(m,2H),4.64(s,3H),3.95(s,2H),3.51(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.72(sep,J=6.8Hz,1H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),1.10(d,J=6.8Hz,6H),0.70(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ145.08,142.72,131.29,130.39,128.59,127.64,127.45,69.82,65.11,65.04,53.19,27.81,25.54,23.22,15.10;MS(ESI+),计算为C19H29N2O2(M+H):317.2229,发现为:317.2223。
实施例49:1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4,5-二苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物49)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4,5-二碘-1H-咪唑的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)1H-咪唑(3.00g,9.60mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(60mL)中并且加热至80℃。将N-碘代琥珀酰亚胺(4.32g,19.20mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(30mL)中,并在5分钟内缓慢加入到原始反应烧瓶中,将反应在80℃下搅拌16小时。此后,使反应冷却至室温并加入100mL水,加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至观察不到进一步的颜色变化,得到浅黄色悬浮液。用乙酸乙酯(3×70mL)萃取所得混合物。然后将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×150mL)洗涤,用200mL饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,用氯化镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法纯化得到1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4,5-二碘-1H-咪唑,为白色固体(0.434g,产率:8%),1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ4.58(s,2H),4.09(s,2H),3.40(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.29(s,6H),1.08(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.75(s,9H),0.05(s,6H);13CNMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ150.27,96.31,89.26,74.14,65.14,64.68,58.01,28.83,25.92,17.80,14.92,-2.02;MS(ESI+),计算为C16H31I2N2O2Si(M+H):565.0244,发现为:565.0242。
(2)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4,5-二苯基-1H-咪唑的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4,5-二碘-1H-咪唑(0.100g,0.18mmol)和苯基硼酸(0.065g,0.53mmol)溶解于1,4-二恶烷(4mL)中,加入碳酸钠水溶液(0.55mL,1.1mmol,2M),脱气并用氮气(4×)回填。加入(1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁)二氯化钯(II)·二氯甲烷(0.015g,0.018mmol),将所得混合物脱气,再次用氮气(4×)回填。然后将反应混合物在100℃下加热17小时。此后,将反应混合物用水(10mL)稀释,并用乙酸乙酯(3×10mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(20mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将所得的残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至30%-70%乙酸乙酯/己烷的梯度)纯化,得到黄色油状物(0.045g,产率:55%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.50-7.41(m,3H),7.36-7.33(m,2H),7.31-7.29(m,2H),7.20-7.16(m,2H),7.13-7.09(m,1H),4.67(s,2H),4.06(s,2H),3.52(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.15(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.86(s,6H),0.75(s,9H),-0.02(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ146.07,136.00,134.88,131.19,131.06,129.40,129.06,128.45,127.99,126.53,126.07,73.64,65.20,65.09,54.11,28.48,25.83,17.76,15.05,-2.16。
(3)1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4,5-二苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇的合成
向1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4,5-二苯基-1H-咪唑(0.035g,0.075mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液(2mL)加入四丁基氟化铵(0.23mL,0.23mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液)。将溶液在室温下搅拌17小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(5mL),并将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至乙酸乙酯梯度)纯化,得到灰白色固体(0.022g,产率:85%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.50-7.42(m,3H),7.34-7.29(m,4H),7.19-7.15(m,2H),7.12-7.08(m,1H),4.76(s,1H),4.75(s,2H),3.07(s,2H),3.53(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.15(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.76(s,3H);MS(ESI+),计算为C22H27N2O2(M+H):351.2072,发现为:315.2076。
实施例50:1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物50)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)1H-咪唑(7.00g,22.4mmol)、溴苯(3.9mL,37mmol)和碳酸钾(10.2g,74.0mmol)的混合物溶解于N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(180mL)中,脱气并用氮气(4×)回填。加入乙酸钯(II)(0.831g,3.70mmol),将混合物脱气并再次用氮气(4×)回填。将混合物在150℃下加热21小时,然后使反应冷却至室温。加入水(200mL),用乙酸乙酯(3×200mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×400mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(400mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(340g硅胶,二氯甲烷至4%甲醇/96%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到红色油状物(2.88g,产率:20%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.47-7.40(m,4H),7.38-7.33(m,1H),6.91(s,1H),4.60(s,2H),4.20(s,2H),3.49(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.86(s,6H),0.72(s,9H),-0.05(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ147.32,133.86,131.35,128.88,128.30,127.49,126.83,73.90,65.16,65.04,54.23,28.21,25.75,17.66,14.97,-2.26;MS(ESI+),计算为C22H37N2O2Si(M+H):389.2624,发现为:389.2622。
(2)1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}四氢呋喃-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.050g,0.13mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃(3mL)中,加入四丁基氟化铵(0.39mL,0.39mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液)。将溶液在室温下搅拌18小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),并将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。得到的残余物通过快速SiO2色谱(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷的梯度至10%甲醇/90%二氯甲烷)纯化,得到黄色油状物(0.032g,产率:89%)。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.46-7.33(m,5H),6.88(s,1H),4.67(s,2H),4.65(s,1H),4.12(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.73(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ147.31,134.13,131.29,128.75,128.68,127.47,126.49,69.92,64.96,53.31,27.72,15.04;MS(ESI+),计算为C16H22N2O2(M+H):275.2,发现为:275.2。
实施例51:1-[4-氯-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物51)的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.050g,0.13mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2mL)中,在60℃下加热。再加入N-氯代琥珀酰亚胺(0.027g,0.20mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(1mL)溶液,将溶液在60℃下搅拌15小时。此后,将溶液冷却至室温并加入水(20mL)。加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至观察不到进一步的颜色变化,并用乙酸乙酯(3×10mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×15mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将得到的残余物通过硅胶塞过滤(≈10g,用乙酸乙酯洗脱),将滤液浓缩至干,得到粗制的1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-4-氯-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.055g,>99%)。将残余物溶解于四氢呋喃(5mL)中,加入四丁基氟化铵(0.39mL,0.39mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液)。将溶液在室温下搅拌16小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),并将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至60%乙酸乙酯/40%己烷的梯度)纯化,为白色固体(0.037g,产率:93%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.51-7.47(m,2H),7.44-7.39(m,3H),4.73(s,1H),4.64(s,2H),4.04(s,2H),3.51(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.73(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ145.27,130.11,128.78,128.68,128.27,127.91,125.17,69.63,65.13,64.45,54.00,27.60,14.98;MS(ESI+),计算为C16H22ClN2O2(M+H):309.1370,发现为:309.1376。
实施例52:1-[4-溴-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物52)的合成
(1)4-溴-1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑的合成
向1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.300g,0.77mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液(11mL)中加入N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(0.144g,0.81mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(4mL)溶液,将溶液搅拌18小时。此后,将溶液用水(15mL)稀释,加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至观察不到进一步的颜色变化,得到浅黄色悬浮液。用乙酸乙酯(3×20mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×40mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(40mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将所得的残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(25g硅胶,二氯甲烷至5%甲醇/95%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.320g,产率:89%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.52-7.48(m,2H),7.45-7.40(m,3H),4.56(s,2H),4.13(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.15(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.84(s,6H),0.72(s,9H),-0.04(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ146.45,130.39,130.09,129.26,128.79,128.40,113.50,73.62,65.25,64.61,54.90,28.18,25.75,17.66,14.94,-2.25;MS(ESI+),计算为C22H36BrN2O2Si(M+H):353.0866,发现为:353.0868。
(2)1-[4-溴-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇的合成
将4-溴-1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.050g,0.11mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃(5mL)中,加入四丁基氟化铵(0.33mL,0.33mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液)并将溶液搅拌17小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),并将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷至8%甲醇/92%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到为白色固体(0.034g,产率:87%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.51-7.47(m,2H),7.44-7.38(m,3H),7.43(s,1H),4.64(s,2H),4.04(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.73(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ146.63,130.67,130.38,129.25,128.67,128.37,113.24,69.67,65.19,64.52,54.10,27.65,15.03;MS(ESI+),计算为C16H22BrN2O2(M+H):353.0865&355.0846,发现为:353.0868&355.0847。
实施例53:1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物53)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-苯基-1H-咪唑的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.178g,0.46mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)中,在60℃下加入N-碘代琥珀酰亚胺(0.113g,0.50mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(1mL)溶液,将该溶液在60℃下搅拌17小时。此后,加入水(10mL),加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至观察不到进一步的颜色变化,并用乙酸乙酯(3×10mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×30mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至20%乙酸乙酯/80%己烷的梯度)纯化,获得无色油状物(0.094g,产率:40%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.52-7.48(m,2H),7.44-7.40(m,3H),4.57(s,2H),4.13(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.15(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.84(s,6H),0.73(s,9H),-0.03(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ146.46,130.40,130.10,129.27,128.80,128.41,113.50,73.62,65.26,64.61,54.90,28.18,25.76,17.67,14.95,-2.24;MS(ESI+),计算为C22H36IN2O2Si(M+H):515.1591,发现为:515.1609。
(2)1-[2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-1-基]-2-甲基丙-2-醇的合成
向1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.040g,0.078mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液(5mL)中加入四丁基氟化铵(0.23mL,0.23mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液),将溶液在室温下搅拌17小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取混合物。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至70%乙酸乙酯/30%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.027g,产率:87%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.51-7.47(m,2H),7.44-7.38(m,3H),4.74(s,2H),4.65(s,2H),4.04(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.73(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ146.62,130.65,130.37,129.25,128.66,128.35,113.24,69.66,65.17,64.52,54.09,27.64,15.03;MS(ESI+),计算为C16H22IN2O2(M+H):401.0726,发现为:401.0731。
实施例54:2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸(化合物54)的合成
(1)1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸苄酯的合成
将1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸(0.100g,0.23mmol)和碳酸钾(0.128g,0.92mmol)加入至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(3mL)中,加入苄溴(42μL,0.35mmol),并将得到的混合物在室温下搅拌17小时。此后,将混合物用水(20mL)稀释,并用乙酸乙酯(4×10mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×30mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(40mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。获得的残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至35%乙酸乙酯/65%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.118g,产率:98%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.44-7.38(m,5H),7.32-7.26(m,3H),7.17-7.12(m,2H),5.10(s,2H),4.65(s,2H),4.07(s,2H),3.49(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.83(s,6H),0.72(s,9H),-0.03(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ162.21,146.69,139.36,136.20,131.01,129.54,128.69,128.25,128.09,127.86,127.81,127.78,73.60,65.32,64.97,64.91,54.24,28.32,25.80,17.71,14.98,-2.20;MS(ESI+),计算为C30H43N2O4Si(M+H):523.2992,发现为:523.3004。
(2)2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸苄酯的合成
将苄基1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸苄酯(0.108g,0.207mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃(3mL)中,加入四丁基氟化铵(0.62mL,0.62mmol,1M的四氢呋喃溶液),并且将溶液搅拌15小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(10mL),并将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(3×5mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至95%乙酸乙酯/5%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.081g,产率:95%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.43-7.39(m,3H),7.39-7.35(m,2H),7.16-7.12(m,2H),5.08(s,2H),4.79(s,1H),4.72(s,2H),3.97(s,2H),3.49(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.13(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.73(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ162.28,146.95,139.65,136.26,131.11,129.63,128.60,128.27,127.98,127.79,127.67,69.59,65.23,64.90,64.88,53.40,27.84,15.06;MS(ESI+),计算为C24H29N2O4(M+H):409.2127,发现为:409.2134。
(3)2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸的合成
向2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-羧酸苄酯(0.076g,0.19mmol)的甲醇(5mL)溶液加入钯碳(0.008g,5%含量)。将混合物脱气并用氮气回填(4×),然后脱气并用氢气(4×)回填。然后使反应在氢气氛(气球)下搅拌17小时。此后,将混合物脱气并用氮气(4×)回填,用二氯甲烷(15mL)稀释,并通过硅藻土过滤,用二氯甲烷冲洗。将滤液浓缩至干,将得到的固体用冷乙醚重结晶,得到白色固体(0.056g,产率:93%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.9(br s,1H),7.46-7.35(m,5H),4.77-4.71(2×s,3H),3.97(s,2H),3.50(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.72(s,6H);13C NMR(101MHzDMSO-d6)δ163.88,146.48,138.83,131.15,129.97,128.52,128.39,127.85,69.61,65.18,64.90,53.31,27.82,15.07;MS(ESI+),计算为C17H23N2O4(M–H):317.1501,发现为:317.1517。
实施例55:2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(化合物55)的合成
(1)2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-甲基丙基)-1H-咪唑的合成
将2-咪唑甲醛(5.00g,52.0mmol)和碳酸铯(33.9g,104mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(250mL)中,加入1-溴-2-甲基丙烷(6.2mL,得到57mmol),并在室温下搅拌18小时。此后,将混合物用乙酸乙酯(500mL)稀释,用水(2×300mL)洗涤,用5%氯化锂水溶液(2×200mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤。用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干,得到粗品1-(2-甲基丙基)-1H-咪唑-2-甲醛,为黄色油状物。将获得的油状物溶解于甲醇(250mL)中。加入硼氢化钠(2.95g,78.0mmol)并在室温下搅拌17小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(200mL),用二氯甲烷(3×200mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(400mL)洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将得到的残余物与二氯甲烷共沸并在高真空泵上放置数小时,得到粗制的[1-(2-甲基丙基)-1H-咪唑-2-基]甲醇,为澄清的黄色油状物。将黄色油状物溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(250mL)中并在冰浴(≈0℃)中冷却。加入氢化钠(4.17g,104mmol,60%分散在矿物油中),将混合物在冰浴中搅拌45分钟。此后,加入溴乙烷(9.7mL,130mmol),将混合物在冰浴中搅拌1小时。此后,移去冰浴,将混合物在室温下搅拌15小时。此后,加入饱和氯化铵水溶液(200mL)和水(50mL),并将得到的混合物用乙酸乙酯(500mL)萃取。将有机层用水(2×400mL)洗涤,用5%氯化锂水溶液(400mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(400mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。获得的残余物通过硅胶塞(约70g)过滤。浓缩滤液,得到无色油状物(4.966g,三步的产率:52%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.15(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),6.81(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),4.44(s,2H),3.75(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),3.42(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.05(sep,J=6.7Hz,1H),1.09(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.84(d,J=6.7Hz,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ144.17,126.60,121.37,64.71,63.62,52.46,29.24,19.66,14.96;MS(ESI+),计算为C10H19N2O(M+H):183.1497,发现为:183.1498。
(2)2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑的合成
将2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-甲基丙基)-1H-咪唑(1.00g,1.3mmol)、溴苯(0.44mL,4.2mmol)和乙酸钾(1.16g,8.40mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(30mL)中,将混合物脱气并用氮气(4×)回填。加入乙酸钯(II)(0.094g,0.42mmol),将混合物脱气并再次用氮气(4×)回填,并在150℃下加热16小时。此后,将混合物冷却至室温,用乙酸乙酯(120mL)稀释,用水(100mL)洗涤,用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×100mL)洗涤,用饱和钠水溶液洗涤(100mL),经硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(100g硅胶,己烷至50%乙酸乙酯/50%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到黄色油状物(0.540g,产率:38%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.48-7.43(m,4H),7.41-7.36(m,1H),6.92(s,1H),4.52(s,2H),3.94(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),3.51(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.64(sep,J=6.7Hz,1H),1.13(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.60(d,J=6.7Hz,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ145.76,133.60,130.77,128.79,128.23,127.75,126.62,64.90,64.23,50.62,28.48,19.36,14.96。
实施例56:4-氯-2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(化合物56)的合成
将2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.050g,0.19mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2mL)溶液加热至60℃,加入N-氯代琥珀酰亚胺(0.039g,0.29mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(1mL)溶液,在60℃下搅拌18小时。此后,将溶液冷却至室温,用水(10mL)稀释,加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至混合物为白色,并用乙酸乙酯(10mL)萃取。用5%氯化锂水溶液(2×10mL)洗涤有机层,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(10mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。将所得的残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至40%乙酸乙酯/60%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.029g,产率:52%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.53-7.41(m,5H),4.50(s,2H),3.86(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),3.51(q,J=q,7.0Hz,2H),1.57(sep,J=6.7Hz,1H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.59(d,J=6.7Hz,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ143.54,129.73,128.84,128.67,128.37,127.64,125.19,65.08,63.62,51.31,28.20,19.28,14.92。
实施例57:4-溴-2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(化合物57)的合成
将2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.107g,0.414mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(4mL)中,加入N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺溶液(0.077g,0.43mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2mL)溶液,在室温下搅拌48小时。此后,将溶液用水(15mL)稀释,加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至混合物为白色,并用乙酸乙酯(20mL)萃取。用5%氯化锂水溶液(2×20mL)洗涤有机层,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(20mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(25g硅胶,己烷至40%乙酸乙酯/60%己烷的梯度)纯化,获得白色固体(0.123g,产率:88%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.54-7.40(m,5H),4.50(s,2H),3.85(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),3.51(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.57(sep,J=6.7Hz,1H),1.14(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.59(d,J=6.7Hz,6H)。
实施例58:2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(化合物58)的合成
将2-(乙氧基甲基)-1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.050g,0.19mmol)溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2mL)中,加入N-碘代琥珀酰亚胺(0.065g,0.29mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(1mL)溶液,在60℃下搅拌18小时。此后,将溶液冷却至室温,用水(10mL)稀释,加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至混合物为白色,并用乙酸乙酯(20mL)萃取。用5%氯化锂水溶液(2×20mL)洗涤有机层,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(20mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至40%乙酸乙酯/60%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.067g,产率:92%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.52-7.43(m,3H),7.39-7.36(m,2H),4.49(s,2H),3.83(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),3.51(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.55(sep,J=6.7Hz,1H),1.13(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.57(d,J=6.7Hz,6H);13C NMR(101MHz DMSO-d6)δ147.18,135.52,130.22,129.89,128.72,128.68,84.64,65.07,63.70,51.40,28.25,19.31,14.94。
实施例59:4-碘-1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(化合物59)的合成
(1)1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑的合成
将1-(1-异氰基-2-苯基磺酰基)-4-甲基苯(0.094g,0.33mmol,根据WO2011056652A1中报道的方法制备)溶解于甲醇(4mL)中,加入异丁胺(66μL,0.66mmol)并在室温下搅拌17小时。此后,将溶液浓缩至干燥,并通过快速SiO2色谱法(25g硅胶,二氯甲烷至7%甲醇/93%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到白色固体(0.045g,产率:68%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.73(s,1H),7.48-7.43(m,4H),7.40-7.35(m,1H),6.99(s,1H),3.89(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.66(sep,J=6.7Hz,1H),0.66(d,J=6.7Hz,6H)。
(2)4-碘-1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑的合成
将1-(2-甲基丙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑(0.046g,0.23mmol)溶解于乙腈(3mL)中,加入三氟乙酸(5μL,0.07mmol)、N-碘代琥珀酰亚胺(0.056g,0.25mmol)并在80℃下搅拌16小时。此后,将溶液冷却至室温,用水(9mL)稀释,加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至观察不到颜色变化,加入饱和碳酸氢钠(1mL),并用乙酸乙酯萃取(3×5mL)。将合并的有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。所得残余物通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,二氯甲烷至5%甲醇/95%二氯甲烷的梯度)纯化,得到黄色油状物(0.060g,产率:80%)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.82(s,1H),7.52-7.42(m,3H),7.39-7.36(m,2H),3.77(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.56(sep,J=6.7Hz,1H),0.62(d,J=6.7Hz,6H);13C NMR(101MHzDMSO-d6)δ140.66,134.14,130.15,129.46,128.74,128.63,85.28,52.71,28.57,19.31;MS(ESI+),计算为C13H17N2(M+H):327.0358,发现为:327.0349。
实施例60:1-(5-([1,1'-联苯]-4-基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-1H-咪唑-1-基)-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物60)的合成
(1)称取实施例38步骤(2)中合成的产物1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)1H-咪唑(312mg,1.00mmol),加入25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入4-溴代联苯(466mg,2.00mmol)、碳酸钾(552mg,4.00mmol)和醋酸钯(38mg,0.17mmol),加入10mLDMA作为溶剂,用氮气反复抽充3次后,用氮气球保护,加热至80℃,搅拌反应12h。此后,将反应混合物中加入大量水,用乙酸乙酯萃取(3×100mL),用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并旋干,通过快速SiO2色谱法(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)纯化,得到5-([1,1'-联苯]-4-基)-1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑,为棕色油状物(60mg,产率:13%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.66-7.62(m,4H),7.49-7.40(m,5H),7.03(s,1H),4.25(s,2H),3.58(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.25(d,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.95(s,6H),0.78(s,9H),-0.02(s,6H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ147.87,140.43,134.25,130.76,129.26,128.98,127.74,127.66,127.53,127.09,77.16,74.54,66.05,65.89,55.16,28.72,26.07,18.14,15.27,-1.92。
(2)称取5-([1,1'-联苯]-4-基)-1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑(56mg,0.12mmol)加入至25ml圆底烧瓶中,依次加入N-碘代丁二酰亚胺(30mg,0.13mmol),加入DMF作为溶剂,加热至60℃,反应12小时。此后,加入水(10mL),加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至观察不到进一步的颜色变化,并用乙酸乙酯(3×10mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×30mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至20%乙酸乙酯/80%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到5-([1,1'-联苯]-4-基)-1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-1H-咪唑,为淡黄色液体(32mg,产率:45%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.67(dd,J=15.5,7.8Hz,4H),7.51-7.34(m,5H),4.75(s,2H),4.19(s,2H),3.58(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),0.93(s,6H),0.79(s,9H),-0.01(s,6H)。13CNMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ149.23,141.09,140.17,135.72,133.22,130.99,129.51,128.88,127.71,127.26,127.06,74.25,65.96,65.63,55.77,28.59,25.97,17.91,15.13,-2.01。
(3)称取5-([1,1'-联苯]-4-基)-1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-1H-咪唑(27mg,0.05mmol)加入至25ml圆底烧瓶中,依次加入TBAF(140μL,1M的浓度溶于四氢呋喃,0.14mmol)和四氢呋喃(5mL),在室温下搅拌过夜,减压旋去四氢呋喃,加入纯净水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(3×50mL)萃取,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(100mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并旋干,通过快速SiO2色谱法(二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1)纯化,得到淡黄色油状液体(21mg,产率:99%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.71(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.66(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.47(d,J=15.1Hz,2H),7.39(d,J=7.8Hz,3H),4.68(s,2H),4.17(s,2H),3.68(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),3.61(s,1H),1.26(d,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.93(s,6H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ147.61,141.54,140.02,136.64,131.26,128.91,128.82,127.82,127.36,127.08,84.98,70.45,66.31,64.61,55.59,27.74,14.90。
实施例61:1-(5-([1,1'-联苯]-3-基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-1H-咪唑-1-基)-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物61)的合成
(1)称取实施例38步骤(2)中合成的产物1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)1H-咪唑(312mg,1.00mmol),加入至25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入3-溴代联苯(466mg,2.00mmol)、碳酸钾(552mg,4.00mmol)和醋酸钯(38mg,0.17mmol),加入10mL DMA作为溶剂,用氮气反复抽充3次后,用氮气球保护,加热至80℃,搅拌反应12h。此后,向反应混合物中加入大量水,用乙酸乙酯萃取(3×100mL),用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并旋干,通过快速SiO2色谱法(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)纯化,得到5-([1,1'-联苯]-3-基)-1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑,为淡黄色油状物(48mg,产率:10%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.61-7.54(m,4H),7.50-7.43(m,3H),7.39-7.31(m,2H),7.04(s,1H),4.78(s,2H),4.24(s,2H),3.58(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.24(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.94(s,6H),0.78(s,9H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ147.71,141.85,140.60,134.38,132.21,129.22,128.87,127.68,127.65,127.56,127.15,126.43,74.42,65.93,65.81,55.08,28.62,25.96,18.02,15.15,-2.04。
(2)称取5-([1,1'-联苯]-3-基)-1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑(48mg,0.10mmol)加入至25ml圆底烧瓶中,依次加入N-碘代丁二酰亚胺(28mg,0.12mmol),加入DMF作为溶剂,加热至60℃,反应12小时。此后,加入水(10mL),加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至观察不到进一步的颜色变化,并用乙酸乙酯(3×10mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×30mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至20%乙酸乙酯/80%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到5-([1,1'-联苯]-3-基)-1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-1H-咪唑,为淡黄色液体(13mg,产率:21%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.67-7.58(m,4H),7.50(dt,J=19.6,7.7Hz,3H),7.41-7.30(m,2H),4.75(s,2H),4.19(s,2H),3.58(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.25(d,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.92(s,6H),0.78(s,9H),-0.02(s,6H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ149.20,141.63,140.42,135.96,131.09,129.47,129.27,129.11,127.69,127.17,84.76,74.26,66.00,65.63,55.83,28.59,25.96,18.03,15.13,-2.02。
(3)称取5-([1,1'-联苯]-3-基)-1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-1H-咪唑(13mg,0.02mmol)加入至25ml圆底烧瓶中,依次加入TBAF(66μL、1M的浓度溶于四氢呋喃、0.06mmol),四氢呋喃(5mL),在室温下搅拌过夜,减压旋去四氢呋喃,加入纯净水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(3×50mL)萃取,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(100mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并旋干,通过快速SiO2色谱法(二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1)纯化,得到淡黄色油状液体(10mg,产率95%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.71-7.54(m,5H),7.50(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.41(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.31(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),4.71(s,2H),4.20(s,2H),3.71(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),3.61(s,1H),1.29(s,3H),0.95(s,6H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ147.58,141.72,140.23,136.90,130.44,129.71,129.51,129.22,128.95,127.79,127.63,127.15,85.30,70.45,66.33,64.56,55.63,27.74,14.89。
实施例62:1-(2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-(萘-1-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基)-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物62)的合成
(1)称取实例38步骤(2)中合成的产物1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)1H-咪唑(312mg,1.00mmol),加入至25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入1-溴代萘(416mg,2.00mmol),碳酸钾(552mg,4.00mmol),醋酸钯(38mg,0.17mmol),加入10mLDMA作为溶剂,用氮气反复抽充3次后,用氮气球保护,加热至80℃,搅拌反应12h。此后,向反应混合物中加入大量水,用乙酸乙酯萃取(3×100mL),用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并旋干,通过快速SiO2色谱法(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)纯化,得到1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-(萘-1-基)-1H-咪唑,为棕色油状液体(173mg,产率:31%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.90-7.85(m,2H),7.49(ddtd,J=12.7,8.5,7.0,1.7Hz,5H),7.12(s,1H),4.86(s,2H),4.29-3.87(m,2H),3.63(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.28(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.84(s,3H),0.78(s,9H),0.74(s,3H),-0.05(s,6H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ148.05,134.43,132.86,132.25,129.53,129.28,129.21,129.01,128.92,127.20,126.59,125.93,125.64,74.45,66.40,66.15,55.85,26.43,18.49,15.69,-1.61。
(2)称取1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-(萘-1-基)-1H-咪唑(173mg,0.37mmol)加入至25mL圆底烧瓶中,依次加入N-碘代丁二酰亚胺(101mg,0.45mmol),加入DMF作为溶剂,加热至60℃,反应12小时。此后,加入水(10mL),加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至观察不到进一步的颜色变化,并用乙酸乙酯(3×10mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×30mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至20%乙酸乙酯/80%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-(萘-1-基)-1H-咪唑,为淡黄色固体(135mg,产率:64%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.92(dd,J=11.8,8.4Hz,2H),7.58-7.46(m,5H),4.90-4.71(m,2H),4.17(d,J=13.8Hz,1H),3.79(d,J=13.8Hz,1H),3.67–3.58(m,2H),1.27(t,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.85(s,3H),0.77(s,9H),0.75(s,3H),-0.05(d,J=4.5Hz,6H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ149.36,134.67,133.76,131.97,130.67,129.72,128.63,127.57,126.92,126.26,125.67,125.12,86.33,73.80,65.87,65.61,56.22,28.64,25.95,18.03,15.18,-2.07。
(3)称取1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-(萘-1-基)-1H-咪唑(130mg,0.23mmol)加入至25mL圆底烧瓶中,依次加入TBAF(690μL、1M的浓度溶于四氢呋喃、0.69mmol),四氢呋喃(5mL),在室温下搅拌过夜,减压旋去四氢呋喃,加入纯净水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(3×50mL)萃取,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(100mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并旋干,通过快速SiO2色谱法(二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1)纯化,得到1-(2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-(萘-1-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基)-2-甲基丙-2-醇,为淡黄色固体(89mg,产率:86%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.01(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.96(dd,J=7.8,1.4Hz,1H),7.64-7.55(m,2H),7.55-7.48(m,2H),7.44(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.83-4.70(m,2H),4.14(d,J=15.0Hz,1H),3.83-3.66(m,4H),1.30(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.90(s,3H),0.81(s,3H)。
实施例63:1-(2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-(萘-2-基)-1H-咪唑-1-基)-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物63)的合成
(1)称取实施例38步骤(2)中合成的产物1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)1H-咪唑(312mg,1.00mmol),加入至25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入2-溴代萘(416mg,2.00mmol)、碳酸钾(552mg,4.00mmol)和醋酸钯(38mg,0.17mmol),加入10mLDMA作为溶剂,用氮气反复抽充3次后,用氮气球保护,加热至80℃,搅拌反应12h。此后,向反应混合物中加入大量水,用乙酸乙酯萃取(3×100mL),用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并旋干,通过快速SiO2色谱法(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)纯化,得到1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-(萘-2-基)-1H-咪唑,为棕色油状液体(111mg,产率:20%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.89-7.79(m,4H),7.54-7.44(m,3H),7.08(s,1H),4.81(s,2H),4.29(s,2H),3.65-3.51(m,2H),1.25(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.89(s,6H),0.77(s,9H),-0.04(s,6H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ147.86,134.46,133.44,132.52,129.12,128.53,127.98,127.93,127.75,127.57,126.66,126.52,126.30,74.43,65.96,65.78,55.17,28.60,25.96,18.02,15.18,-2.04。
(2)称取1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-(萘-2-基)-1H-咪唑(100mg,0.23mmol)加入至25mL圆底烧瓶中,依次加入N-碘代丁二酰亚胺(62mg,0.27mmol),加入DMF作为溶剂,加热至60℃,反应12小时。此后,加入水(10mL),加入固体硫代硫酸钠五水合物直至观察不到进一步的颜色变化,并用乙酸乙酯(3×10mL)萃取所得混合物。将合并的有机层用5%氯化锂水溶液(3×30mL)洗涤,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(30mL)洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤并浓缩至干。通过快速SiO2色谱法(10g硅胶,己烷至20%乙酸乙酯/80%己烷的梯度)纯化,得到1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-(萘-2-基)-1H-咪唑,为淡黄色液体(13mg,产率:21%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.94-7.82(m,4H),7.54(d,J=5.0Hz,2H),7.47(s,1H),4.77(s,2H),4.22(s,2H),3.59(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.26(d,J=6.9Hz,3H),0.87(s,6H),0.78(s,9H),-0.03(s,6H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ149.28,135.98,133.15,132.86,130.09,128.41,128.17,128.03,127.93,127.83,126.81,126.57,84.91,74.24,65.66,55.87,42.19,28.34,25.97,18.03,15.15,-2.02。
(3)称取1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-(萘-2-基)-1H-咪唑(10mg,0.02mmol)加入至25mL圆底烧瓶中,依次加入TBAF(66μL、1M的浓度溶于四氢呋喃、0.06mmol),四氢呋喃(5mL),在室温下搅拌过夜,减压旋去四氢呋喃,加入纯净水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(3×50mL)萃取,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(100mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并旋干,通过快速SiO2色谱法(二氯甲烷:甲醇=30:1)纯化,得到淡黄色油状液体(5mg,产率:63%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.98(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.60-7.39(m,5H),4.78-4.69(m,2H),4.11(d,J=15.0Hz,1H),3.72(qd,J=6.9,4.6Hz,3H),1.27(t,J=7.0Hz,4H),0.87(s,3H),0.78(s,3H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ147.57,136.95,133.08,130.61,128.59,128.23,127.89,127.34,127.07,126.72,119.44,85.21,70.45,66.32,64.60,55.70,29.70,27.69,14.90。
实施例64:1-(2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-(对甲苯基)-1H-咪唑-1-基)-2-甲基丙-2-醇(化合物64)的合成
(1)称取实施例38步骤(2)中合成的产物1-{2-[(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基]-2-甲基丙基}-2-(乙氧基甲基)1H-咪唑(313mg,1.00mmol),加入至25mL圆底烧瓶中,加入间溴甲苯(513mg,3.00mmol)、碳酸钾(552mg,4.00mmol)和醋酸钯(38mg,0.17mmol),加入10mLDMA作为溶剂,用氮气反复抽充3次后,用氮气球保护,加热至80℃,搅拌反应12h。此后,向反应混合物中加入大量水,用乙酸乙酯萃取(3×100mL),用饱和氯化钠水溶液(200mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并旋干,通过快速SiO2色谱法(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)纯化,得到1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-(对甲苯基)-1H-咪唑,为橙色液体(20mg,产率:5%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.28-7.19(m,4H),6.97(s,1H),4.79(s,2H),4.22(s,2H),3.58(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),2.40(s,3H),1.25(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.94(s,6H),0.83-0.77(m,9H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ147.28,137.48,134.47,129.46,128.80,128.67,127.03,74.40,65.83,65.73,54.91,28.56,25.95,21.22,18.02,15.13,-2.05。
(2)称取1-(2-((叔丁基二甲基硅烷基)氧基)-2-甲基丙基)-2-(乙氧基甲基)-5-(对甲苯基)-1H-咪唑(20mg,0.05mmol)加入至25mL圆底烧瓶中,依次加入N-碘代丁二酰亚胺(12.4mg,0.06mmol),加入DMF作为溶剂,加热至60℃,反应12小时,检测反应完全后,依次加入TBAF(230uL、1M的浓度溶于四氢呋喃、0.23mmol),四氢呋喃(5mL),在室温下搅拌过夜,减压旋去四氢呋喃,加入纯净水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(3×50mL)萃取,用饱和氯化钠水溶液(100mL)洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤并旋干,通过快速SiO2色谱法(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1)纯化,得到1-(2-(乙氧基甲基)-4-碘-5-(对甲苯基)-1H-咪唑-1-基)-2-甲基丙-2-醇,为黄色固体(15mg,产率:72%)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.31(s,2H),7.22(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),4.69(s,2H),4.14(s,2H),3.69(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.44(s,3H),1.26(t,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.93(s,6H)。13C NMR(101MHz,氯仿-d)δ147.22,138.97,137.04,130.76,129.53,126.87,84.33,70.38,66.25,64.54,55.56,27.66,21.42,14.88。
生物活性实验
试剂、材料及仪器
DMEM培养基:Gibco,货号:C11995500BT
RPMI培养基:Gibco,货号:10-040-CVR
胎牛血清:Gibco,货号:10099-141
青霉素/链霉素溶液(100X):Corning,货号:30-002-Cl
HEK Blue hTLR2细胞:InvivoGen,货号:hkb-htlr2
HEK Blue hTLR3细胞:InvivoGen,货号:hkb-htlr3
HEK Blue hTLR4细胞:InvivoGen,货号:hkb-htlr4
HEK Blue hTLR5细胞:InvivoGen,货号:hkb-htlr5
HEK Blue hTLR7细胞:InvivoGen,货号:hkb-htlr7
HEK Blue hTLR8细胞:InvivoGen,货号:hkb-htlr8
HEK Blue hTLR9细胞:InvivoGen,货号:hkb-htlr9
R848:Invivogen,货号:tlrl-r848-5
ssRNA40/LyoVec:InvivoGen,货号:tlrl-lrna40
ORN06/LyoVec:InvivoGen,货号:tlrl-orn6
Quanti-Blue:InvivoGen,货号:rep-qb2
Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8):Bimake,货号:B34304
ploy(I:C)(多聚核糖核酸:多聚胞苷酸):InvivoGen,货号:tlrl-pic-5
LPS(脂多糖):InvivoGen,货号:tlrl-3pelps
Pam3CSK4(三酰脂肽):InvivoGen,货号:tlrl-pms
Pam2CSK4(二酰脂肽):InvivoGen,货号:tlrl-pm2s-1
鞭毛蛋白:InvivoGen,货号:tlrl-bsfla
ODN2006:InvivoGen,货号:tlrl-2006-5
PMA(佛波醇-12-肉豆蔻酸-13-乙酸酯):Solarbio,货号:p6741-1mg
2-巯基乙醇:Solarbio,货号:21985023
FBS缓冲液:Corning,货号:21-040-CVR
淋巴细胞分离液:Solarbio,货号:p8610-200ml
RIPA裂解液:碧云天,货号:P0013B
人IL-1βELISA试剂盒:BD OptEIA,货号:557953
人IL-6ELISA试剂盒:BD OptEIA,货号:555220
人TNF ELISA试剂盒:BD OptEIA,货号:555212
96孔板:Thermo Scientific,货号:167008
12孔板:Thermo Scientific,货号:150628
多功能酶标仪Varioskan Flash:Thermo Scientific,型号:N06354
化合物活性测试
在添加有10%胎牛血清、青霉素(100U/mL)和链霉素(100mg/mL)的DMEM培养基中培养HEK Blue hTLR8或HEK Blue hTLR7细胞。然后将细胞以每孔45,000个细胞接种在96孔板中,并且在37℃、5%CO2湿润的培养箱中生长24小时。
24小时后,吸走上清液和悬浮细胞,并且用新鲜的不含血清的DMEM替换。用1μg/mLR848(TLR7/8的激动剂)或5μg/mL ssRNA40/LyoVec或5μg/mL ORN06/LyoVec(InvivoGen)和指定浓度的化合物处理细胞,放置于37℃、5%CO2湿润的培养箱中共孵育。
24小时后,每孔取出50μL培养基并且加入至新的96孔板中。接着每孔加入50μLQuanti-Blue并且在37℃下在黑暗中温育,在60分钟内,96孔板中将发生颜色的变化,使用多功能酶标仪Varioskan Flash在620nm处测量吸光度,抑制率(%)=[R848(OD620)-化合物(OD620)]/[R848(OD620)-对照(OD620)]×100%,其中对照组只添加相同数量的细胞。最后利用软件Prism 6.0作图,计算IC50值。或者用配体+DMSO作为100%活性,将未处理的细胞定为0%活性。测试结果如表1、表2、图1、图10、图12至图14所示。
化合物毒性测试
在上述化合物活性测试的96孔板中(剩余的50μL培养液,内含有细胞),每孔加入5μL CellCountingKit-8(CCK-8)预混液。注意避免向孔中引入气泡,因为它们会干扰OD值检测。
将培养板在培养箱中孵育1-4小时。
在读取平板之前,可以轻轻拍打96孔板边缘,然后使用多功能酶标仪测量450nm处的吸光度。
使用下式确定细胞毒性(%):细胞毒性(%)=(1-[化合物孔(OD450)-背景孔(OD450)]/[对照孔(OD450)-背景孔(OD450)])×100%,其中背景孔只添加培养基和CCK-8试剂,对照孔只添加培养基、细胞、R848和CCK-8,化合物孔添加培养基、细胞、R848、不同浓度梯度的化合物和CCK-8。测试结果如表2、图2和图15所示。
化合物特异性测试
在分别过表达各种TLRX(x=1-9)的HEK-Blue细胞中,测试化合物对TLR家族的选择性。该测定方法的步骤与上述“化合物活性测试”的步骤相同,但是使用了不同TLR相应的配体去激活相应细胞的下游信号。其中:ploy(I:C)(20μg/mL)、LPS(40ng/mL)、Pam3CSK4(100ng/mL)、Pam2CSK4(100ng/mL)、鞭毛蛋白(200ng/mL)、R848(1μg/mL)和ODN2006(0.5μM)分别用于选择性激活HEK-Blue hTLR3、hTLR4、hTLR1/2、hTLR2/6、hTLR5、hTLR7和hTLR9过表达的细胞。测试结果如图3和图11所示。
酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)
将用50ng/mL PMA处理的THP-1细胞悬浮于RPMI培养基中(含10%胎牛血清、青霉素(100U/mL)、链霉素(100mg/mL)和0.05mM 2-巯基乙醇),并且以1×106个/孔的密度、1mL/孔铺于12孔板中,并且在37℃、5%CO2细胞培养箱中孵育。
48小时后,悬浮的细胞将粘附在12孔板表面,吸走未粘附的细胞和培养基,并且用无菌的FBS缓冲液洗涤细胞(3×1mL),加入1mL/孔的RPMI培养基,再添加R848(1μg/mL)和各种浓度的化合物24或作为阴性对照的化合物10处理细胞。
24小时后,收集培养基的上清液并且储存在-80℃冰箱。用PBS(3×1mL)洗涤细胞,将12孔板置于冰上,然后在每个孔中加入400μL裂解缓冲液(含蛋白酶抑制剂)期间每隔五分钟吹打一次。20分钟后,将混合物转移到相应的1.5mL管中,在13.2K rpm、4℃下离心20分钟,将350μL上清液收集到新离心管中,在-80℃下冷冻。
根据制造商试剂盒的说明书,用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)来定量细胞因子白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)。测试结果如图4至图9所示。
类风湿性关节炎病人样本测试
收集约8mL未接受治疗的类风湿性关节炎患者的血液。
利用淋巴细胞分离液从6名类风湿性关节炎患者的全血中分离出外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),分离后立即将细胞以1×106个细胞/mL的密度铺于96孔圆底板中(在0.25mL/孔的RPMI 1640中培养)。
然后用0、10、20、40和80μM的化合物24处理细胞。化合物10用作阴性对照,并且放在37℃、5%CO2细胞培养箱中孵育。
在24小时后,以4,000转/分钟的条件离心10分钟后收集上清液,冷冻至-80℃,用于TNF-α测定。使用人TNF ELISA试剂盒进行定量。测试结果如图9所示。
表1为化合物1-37在HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系中对R848诱导的信号传导的抑制效果数据,其中IC50值和相应的标准偏差至少经过三个生物学重复测定,N.T.表示未测试。
表1
表2为化合物38-64在HEK-Blue hTLR8和TLR7细胞系中对R848诱导的信号传导的归一化的抑制效果数据以及归一化的毒性效果数据。
表2
图1显示化合物24在HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系中对R848诱导的信号传导和对ORN06诱导的信号传导均具有优异的抑制效果。图2显示化合物24甚至在100μM的浓度下也没有对HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系产生明显的毒性。
图3显示化合物24在浓度为20μM时对HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系产生特异性的抑制效果。图4显示化合物24在人外周血单个核细胞中对TLR1/2、TLR2/6、TLR3、TLR4、TLR5信号通路中的TNF-α均无抑制效果,这也进一步证明化合物24特异性的对TLR8信号通路产生抑制效果。
图5显示化合物24在THP-1细胞中以浓度依赖性的方式对R848诱导的信号通路中的炎症因子TNF-α产生明显的抑制效果。图6显示化合物24在THP-1细胞中以浓度依赖性的方式对R848诱导的信号通路中的炎症因子IL-6产生明显的抑制效果。
图7显示化合物24在THP-1细胞中以浓度依赖性的方式对R848诱导的信号通路中的炎症因子IL-1β产生明显的抑制效果。图8显示化合物24在人外周血单个核细胞中对R848诱导的信号通路中的炎症因子TNF-α产生明显的抑制效果,而对照化合物10不产生抑制效果。
图9显示化合物24在类风湿性关节炎病人的外周血单个核细胞中对R848诱导的信号通路中的炎症因子TNF-α产生明显的抑制效果,而对照化合物10不显示此类效果。
图10显示化合物53在HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系中对R848诱导的信号传导产生明显的抑制效果,并且在测试条件下,化合物53对细胞的存活率没有影响。图11显示化合物53在浓度为100μM时对TLR8信号通路产生特异性的抑制效果,而对其它TLR的信号通路没有影响。
图12显示化合物53在HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系中在浓度为100μM时对R848诱导的信号传导产生明显的抑制效果,而对ssRNA40和ORN06诱导的信号传导产生协同激活的效果。图13显示对照化合物R848可以单独激活TLR8的信号通路、也可以与ssRNA40和ORN06协同激活TLR8的信号通路。
图14显示在HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系中,化合物60-64在浓度为50μM和100μM时,可以对ssRNA40激活的TLR8信号产生协同激活的效果。图15显示在HEK-Blue hTLR8细胞系中,化合物60-64在浓度为50μM和100μM时,对细胞几乎没有毒性。
Claims (13)
1.式(VII)或式(IX)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中,
R3选自H、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷基酰基,其中所述C1-C6烷基或C1-C6烷基酰基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代;
在式(VII)中,R6选自苯基、吡啶基、萘基、喹啉基、异喹啉基或3-6元环烷基,所述苯基、吡啶基、萘基、喹啉基、异喹啉基或3-6元环烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自H、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、三氟甲基、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代;
在式(IX)中,R6为CR7R8R9,R7、R8各自独立地选自H或C1-C6烷基,其中所述C1-C6烷基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代;R9选自OH或H;
R10选自苯基、萘基或联苯基,所述苯基、萘基或联苯基任选地被一个或两个或三个选自H、C1-C6烷基、卤素、羟基、氰基、氨基或硝基的取代基取代;
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R3选自H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、乙酰基或丙酰基。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中在式(VII)中,R6选自苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、3-氟苯基、2,4-二氟苯基、2,4-二氯苯基、2,3-二氯苯基、3,4-二氯苯基、2,4,5-三氯苯基、2,3,4-三氯苯基、3,4,5-三氯苯基、3,4,5-三甲基苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、3-甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、3-吡啶基、环己基、1-萘基、3-喹啉基或6-喹啉基;在式(IX)中,R6选自2-羟基丙-2-基或异丙基。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R7、R8各自独立地选自H、甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R10选自苯基、对甲基苯基、萘基或联苯基。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R3选自H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、乙酰基或丙酰基;在式(VII)中,R6选自苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、3-氟苯基、2,4-二氟苯基、2,4-二氯苯基、2,3-二氯苯基、3,4-二氯苯基、2,4,5-三氯苯基、2,3,4-三氯苯基、3,4,5-三氯苯基、3,4,5-三甲基苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、3-甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、3-吡啶基、环己基、1-萘基、3-喹啉基或6-喹啉基,R11选自乙基、异丙基、环丙基甲基、在式(IX)中,R6选自2-羟基丙-2-基或异丙基,R10选自苯基、对甲基苯基、萘基或联苯基;R12选自H、氰基、醛基、甲氧羰基、羟甲基、甲氧基甲基、甲基、氟甲基、2-羟基丙-2-基、异丙基、苯基、氯、溴、碘或羧基。
11.一种药物组合物,其包含权利要求1-10任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,和包含药学上可接受的辅料。
12.权利要求1-10任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备预防或治疗TLR8介导的疾病的药物中的用途。
13.根据权利要求12所述的用途,所述TLR8介导的疾病选自类风湿性关节炎、炎症性肠病、阿兹海默综合征、系统性红斑狼疮、成人斯蒂尔病。
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