CN112107342A - Blood flow control apparatus and method of operating same - Google Patents

Abstract

A blood flow control apparatus and an operation method thereof comprise a sheath tube with a receiving part, a blood vessel fixing piece with a locking end and a free end, and a control assembly, wherein the control assembly can control the blood vessel fixing piece to move towards a first direction relative to the sheath tube so that the blood vessel fixing piece received in the receiving part is exposed and generates bending deformation to circumferentially surround a blood vessel to be blocked, the locking end of the blood vessel fixing piece can be locked on the sheath tube to form a locking ring to circumferentially lock the blood vessel, and the free end can bidirectionally move relative to the sheath tube under the control of the control assembly so as to adjust the ring diameter of the locking ring and further adjust the pressure applied on the blood vessel, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel.

Description

Blood flow control apparatus and method of operating same

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a blood flow control device for controlling the flow rate of blood flow in a blood vessel.

Background

In the surgical procedure, when tissues and organs with rich blood flow are treated, in order to avoid excessive bleeding in the operation process, the blood supply of the tissues and the organs is reduced by controlling the blood flow rate of main blood vessels of the tissues and the organs, so that the risk of excessive bleeding of target tissues and organs in the operation process is reduced. For example, in liver resection surgery, the risk of bleeding during liver resection is often reduced by blocking the blood flow in the portal blood vessels.

At present, the method frequently used in clinic is to control the blood flow of a target blood vessel by using an elastic winding wire to surround the target blood vessel after the blood vessel needing to control the blood flow is exposed through surgical dissection, and tightening the winding wire to apply pressure to the target blood vessel; another method is to clamp the target blood vessel with hemostats to control the blood flow of the target blood vessel.

However, the current operation of vascular blood flow control still has the following disadvantages: 1. no matter the wound wire or the forceps are used, under the endoscope, the operation is difficult due to the great limitation of the operation space, and the smooth and safe completion of a plurality of operations with possible heavy bleeding under the endoscope is also restricted; 2. the operation of using the forceps to control blood flow may cause damage to the blood vessel and may not be effective for controlling blood flow; 3. the forceps holder head does not have enough curvature, so that the forceps holder operation cannot be carried out on a target blood vessel with a special structure, and if the curvature of the forceps holder head is too large, the problem that the forceps holder head cannot smoothly pass through an endoscope operation hole exists, so that the application of the forceps holder head under an endoscope is limited. 4. In order to enable the winding wire to be wound around the target blood vessel under the endoscope, multiple steps of operation are required, the increased operation difficulty and operation risk also limit the application range of the method under the endoscope.

In view of the above, there is a need for a blood flow control device that can control the curvature of the device and encircle the target blood vessel during the operation, especially for an auxiliary surgical device that meets the limitations of endoscopic operation.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present application provides a blood flow control apparatus and a method for operating the same, which can reduce the blood flow velocity in a blood vessel or completely block the blood flow in the blood vessel by circumferentially locking a target blood vessel, and has the advantages of convenient operation and accurate blood flow control.

Another object of the present application is to provide a blood flow control device and a method for operating the same, which can control the curvature of the device for winding blood vessels and can be applied to endoscopic surgical operations.

An embodiment of the present application provides a blood flow control apparatus for controlling a flow rate of blood flow in a blood vessel, comprising: a sheath tube having a receiving portion formed therein and having a distal end opening located at a distal end of the sheath tube; the blood vessel fixing piece is arranged in the sheath in a sliding manner, and two opposite ends of the blood vessel fixing piece are respectively provided with a locking end and a free end, wherein the blood vessel fixing piece can be accommodated in the accommodating part of the sheath or can be exposed out of the sheath to generate bending deformation to circumferentially surround the blood vessel, and the locking ends are used for being detachably locked on the sheath so that the blood vessel fixing piece circumferentially surrounding the blood vessel forms a locking ring to circumferentially lock the blood vessel in the locking ring; and a control assembly for controlling the vessel fixing member to move along the axial direction of the sheath tube towards a first direction or a second direction opposite to the first direction relative to the body of the sheath tube; when the blood vessel fixing piece is received in the receiving part, the control component controls the blood vessel fixing piece to move towards the first direction relative to the sheath so that the locking end of the blood vessel fixing piece extends out of the sheath through the distal opening, and the blood vessel fixing piece is exposed out of the sheath; and under the condition that the locking end is locked on the sheath tube to form the locking ring, the control component is used for controlling the free end of the blood vessel fixing piece to move towards the first direction or the second direction relative to the sheath tube so as to adjust the pressure applied on the blood vessel by the locking ring by adjusting the ring diameter of the locking ring, thereby controlling the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the control component controls the free end of the blood vessel fixing member to move toward the second direction relative to the sheath, the loop diameter of the locking loop gradually decreases, and the pressure applied to the blood vessel by the locking loop gradually increases, so as to gradually slow down the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel or completely block the blood flow in the blood vessel; when the control component controls the free end of the blood vessel fixing component to move towards the first direction relative to the sheath, the ring diameter of the locking ring is gradually increased, and the pressure exerted on the blood vessel by the locking ring is gradually reduced, so that the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel is gradually increased.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, a sheath locking element is further disposed on the sheath, and detachably locks the locking end of the blood vessel fixing element to form the locking ring.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, a locking position and a releasing position are further disposed on the sheath locking member, wherein when the locking end is located at the locking position, the locking end and the sheath locking member are locked with each other, and when the locking end is located at the releasing position, the locking end and the sheath locking member are separable from each other.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the locking end is provided with a first magnetic element, and the locking position of the sheath locking element is provided with a second magnetic element, so that the locking end is positioned at the locking position of the sheath locking element by using a magnetic principle.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the sheath locking element further includes a switch unit, configured to provide that the locking end and the sheath locking element are locked with each other or separated from each other.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control assembly further includes a driving member for providing a driving force to drive the blood vessel fixing member to move toward the first direction relative to the sheath.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control assembly further includes: the control body is fixedly connected with the sheath tube; the sliding piece is arranged in the control body and fixedly connected with the free end of the blood vessel fixing piece, and the sliding piece can move in two directions relative to the control body along the axial direction of the control body so as to drive the free end of the blood vessel fixing piece to move relative to the sheath tube; and a locking member switchable between a released state and a locked state to thereby define a movement stroke of the slider with respect to the control body, wherein when the locking member is switched to the released state, the slider is movable with respect to the control body, and when the locking member is switched to the locked state, the slider is positioned at a predetermined position of the control body.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the control assembly further includes: a control body having an axial lumen extending axially through the control body, the axial lumen having a non-circular axial lumen cross-section, the control body being circumferentially rotatable relative to the sheath; the limiting piece is movably arranged at the near end of the sheath tube and is detachably embedded in the shaft cavity of the control body, the limiting piece is provided with a limiting piece section matched with the shaft cavity section so that the limiting piece can rotate circumferentially relative to the sheath tube along with the control body, and a first limiting part is further arranged on the limiting piece; the sliding piece is arranged in the shaft cavity in a penetrating mode and provided with a first end and a second end, the first end and the second end are located at two opposite ends of the sliding piece, the first end is exposed out of the control body at the near end of the control body, the second end is fixedly connected with the free end of the blood vessel fixing piece through the near end of the sheath tube, so that the sliding piece is fixed relative to the sheath tube in the circumferential direction, a second limiting part is further arranged on the sliding piece, and the sliding piece can move towards the first direction or the second direction relative to the sheath tube along the axial direction of the sheath tube; and wherein, carry on the peripheral rotation through controlling the said control body to the said sheath pipe, in order to drive the said limited part to rotate circumferentially relative to the said sliding part, in order to make the said first limited part of the said limited part and said second limited part on the said sliding part snap-fit each other or release each other, wherein, when the said first limited part of the said limited part and said second limited part on the said sliding part are in releasing each other state, the said sliding part can move towards the said first direction or said second direction two-way freedom relative to the said sheath pipe; when the first limiting part of the limiting piece and the second limiting part on the sliding piece are in a mutual locking state, the sliding piece can move towards the second direction relative to the sheath in a single direction only by applying acting force to the first end.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the second limiting portion of the sliding member further includes a segmented limiting structure for providing the segmented displacement and positioning of the sliding member relative to the sheath tube toward the second direction.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the limiting member and the sliding member may be respectively disengaged from the control body, so as to detach the control body from the blood flow control apparatus.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the application, the blood vessel fixing member is a hollow member, and the blood flow control apparatus further includes a guiding member that can be inserted into the blood vessel fixing member and provides a predetermined bending shape, the guiding member is used for facilitating the blood vessel fixing member to be removed from the receiving portion, and the blood vessel fixing member exposed to the sheath tube can be bent and deformed along with the predetermined bending shape of the guiding member.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the blood flow control apparatus further includes a pressure adjusting element disposed at an inner ring of the locking ring to be clamped between the locking ring and the blood vessel, and the pressure adjusting element is configured to balance the pressures applied to different positions of the blood vessel and to finely adjust the magnitude of the pressure applied to the blood vessel.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the pressure regulating member is a bladder.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the blood flow control apparatus further includes a reversing structure, the reversing structure has a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a reversing unit, the reversing unit is configured to provide switching between a first transmission state and a second transmission state, wherein when the reversing unit is switched to the first transmission state, the first inlet and the first outlet are axially parallel to form a first transmission channel, and when the reversing unit is switched to the second transmission state, the second inlet and the first outlet are axially parallel to form a second transmission channel.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the blood flow control apparatus further includes an electronic control assembly having: a setting unit for providing a set maximum pressure threshold; an alarm unit for outputting an alarm signal; a pressure sensing unit for sensing the pressure applied to the blood vessel by the locking ring formed by the blood vessel fixing member and outputting a pressure sensing value; and a control unit for receiving the pressure sensing value outputted by the pressure sensing unit, analyzing whether the pressure sensing value exceeds the maximum pressure threshold value, and making the alarm unit output the alarm signal when the pressure sensing value exceeds the maximum pressure threshold value.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the electronic control assembly further includes a timer, configured to provide timing and output a corresponding timing value; wherein, the setting unit further comprises a setting longest operation time, and the control unit further comprises a receiving unit for receiving the timing value outputted by the timer, and when the timing value is analyzed to exceed the longest operation time, the alarm unit is enabled to output the alarm signal.

The present application also provides a method of operating a blood flow control apparatus, comprising: providing the blood flow control instrument, and receiving the blood vessel fixing member of the blood flow control instrument in the receiving portion of the sheath; when the blood flow control apparatus reaches the blood vessel to be blocked, the control component controls the blood vessel fixing member to move towards the first direction relative to the sheath, so that the locking end of the blood vessel fixing member extends out of the sheath through the distal end opening, and the blood vessel fixing member is pushed out of the accommodating part and is exposed out of the sheath; the blood vessel fixing piece exposed out of the sheath tube is bent and deformed to circumferentially surround the blood vessel; locking the locking end of the blood vessel fixing piece to the sheath so that the blood vessel fixing piece circumferentially surrounding the blood vessel forms a locking ring to circumferentially lock the blood vessel in the locking ring; controlling the free end of the blood vessel fixing member to move towards the second direction relative to the sheath tube by the control component, so that the ring diameter of the locking ring is reduced to perform a blood vessel blocking operation on the blood vessel, and the blood flow speed in the blood vessel is reduced or the blood flow in the blood vessel is completely blocked; when the blood vessel blocking operation for the blood vessel is finished, the control component is used for controlling the free end of the blood vessel fixing piece to move towards the first direction relative to the sheath, and the locking end of the blood vessel fixing piece and the sheath are separated from each other so as to release circumferential locking on the blood vessel, and therefore the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel is recovered.

According to the technical scheme, the blood vessel fixing piece accommodated in the sheath tube is moved to be exposed, so that the exposed blood vessel fixing piece generates bending deformation to circumferentially surround the blood vessel, and the locking end of the blood vessel fixing piece is locked on the sheath tube to form a locking ring, so that the blood vessel is locked in the locking ring in the circumferential direction and then moves relative to the sheath by controlling the free end of the blood vessel fixing piece, so as to adjust the pressure applied on the blood vessel by the locking ring by adjusting the size of the ring diameter of the locking ring, thereby achieving the purpose of slowing down the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel or completely blocking the blood flow in the blood vessel, thereby achieving the technical effect of accurately controlling the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel, can control the curvature of the apparatus for winding the blood vessel, has the advantages of convenient operation and small damage, and is particularly suitable for endoscopic surgery.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

Fig. 1 to 3 are schematic views of a blood flow control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application in different states of use;

FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic side views of the blood flow control apparatus of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the blood flow control apparatus of the present application forming a locking ring;

FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic views of another embodiment of the blood flow control apparatus of the present application forming a locking ring;

FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic views of an embodiment of a guide of the present application;

fig. 8A to 8E are schematic structural views illustrating a blood flow control apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application in different use states;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the pressure adjustment member of the present application;

FIGS. 10A and 10B are schematic diagrams of an embodiment of a commutation structure of the present application; and

fig. 11A is a schematic view of a structural arrangement of an electronic control assembly according to the present application, and fig. 11B is a schematic view of a system architecture of the electronic control assembly.

Element number

1 blood flow control device

11 sheath tube

110 receiving part

111 distal end of sheath (distal opening)

112 sheath tube locking piece (locking groove)

112A lock hole

1121 locking position

1121A limit projection

11211 second magnetic attraction element

1122 release position

1123 switching unit

11231 poking piece

11232 locking bolt

113 sheath (proximal opening)

12 blood vessel fixing part

120 locking ring

121 locking end

121A limiting groove

121B lock cylinder

121C lock groove

1211 first magnetically attracted member

122 free end

13 control assembly

131 driving piece

132 control body

1321 axial cavity

133 sliding part

1331 connecting part

1332 piston

134 locking member

135 limiting member

1351 first limiting part

136 sliding component

1361 first end

1363 second defining part

13641/13642 segmental limit part (segmental limit structure)

13641a/13642a guide surface

13641b/13642b bounding surface

14 guide member

15 pressure regulating member

161 first inlet

162 second inlet

163 first outlet

164 commutation cell

17 electronic control assembly

171 setting unit

172 alarm unit

173 pressure sensing unit

174 control unit

175 timer

2 blood vessels

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the scope of the protection of the embodiments in the present application.

Please refer to fig. 1 to 3 and fig. 4A and 4B, wherein fig. 1 to 3 are perspective views of the blood flow control apparatus 1 of the present application in different use states. Fig. 4A and 4B are schematic side views showing the blood flow control apparatus 1 in different states of use. As shown in the drawings, the blood flow control apparatus 1 of the present application is mainly used for controlling the blood flow velocity of a blood vessel 2, and mainly comprises a sheath 11, a blood vessel fixing member 12 and a control assembly 13.

The sheath tube 11 is hollow and has a receiving portion 110, a distal opening 111 formed at a distal end (i.e., an end away from the operator) of the sheath tube 11, and a proximal opening 113 formed at a proximal end (i.e., an end close to the operator) of the sheath tube 11.

The blood vessel fixing member 12 is slidably fitted in the sheath 11 and is movable bidirectionally along the axial direction of the sheath 11 with respect to the body of the sheath 11, that is, in a first direction F1 shown in fig. 4A and 4B or in a second direction F2 opposite to the first direction. In the present embodiment, the blood vessel fixing element 12 may be entirely accommodated in the accommodating portion 110 of the sheath 11, or may be moved toward the first direction F1 relative to the main body of the sheath 11 when being driven by an external force (e.g., a driving element 131 described later), so as to extend out of the sheath 11 through the distal opening 111 of the sheath 11 and be partially or entirely exposed out of the sheath 11, and the exposed blood vessel fixing element 12 may be bent and deformed to circumferentially surround the blood vessel 2 to be blocked (as shown in fig. 1).

In another embodiment, the blood vessel fixing member 12 can be designed as a hollow tube, and the blood flow control apparatus 1 further includes a guiding member 14 that can be inserted into the blood vessel fixing member 12, wherein the guiding member 14 is, for example, a rigid structure and is used for providing a predetermined bending configuration, the guiding member 14 can be used for pushing the blood vessel fixing member 12 to move out of the receiving portion 110, and the blood vessel fixing member 12 exposed out of the sheath tube 11 can be bent and deformed along with the predetermined bending configuration provided by the guiding member 14 disposed inside the sheath tube, so that the bending deformation of the blood vessel fixing member 12 can be adapted to various blood vessels with special structures.

Furthermore, the ends of the blood vessel fixing member 12 at both sides are respectively a locking end 121 and a free end 122. In the condition that the blood vessel fixing element 12 is exposed from the sheath 11, the locking end 121 is detachably locked with the sheath 11, so that the blood vessel fixing element 12 circumferentially surrounding the blood vessel 2 forms a locking ring 120, and the blood vessel 2 to be blocked is circumferentially locked in the formed locking ring 120 (as shown in fig. 2).

In the present application, the sheath 11 is further provided with a sheath locking element 112, which is detachably locked with the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing element 12 to form a locking ring 120, in an embodiment, the sheath locking element 112 is further provided with a locking position 1121 and a releasing position 1122, wherein when the locking end 121 is located at the locking position 1121, the locking end 121 is locked with the sheath locking element 112, and when the locking end 121 is located at the releasing position 1122, the locking end 121 is separated from the sheath locking element 112. Specifically, referring to fig. 5, the sheath locking element 112 is, for example, a locking groove 112 disposed on the tube wall of the sheath 11, and a locking position 1121 and a releasing position 1122 are disposed in the locking groove 112, wherein a limiting protrusion 1121A is disposed at the locking position 1121, correspondingly, a limiting groove 121A is disposed at the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing element 12, the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing element 12 can be inserted into the locking groove 112 through the releasing position 1122 and can be slid to the locking position 1121 from the releasing position 1122, so that the limiting protrusion 1121A of the locking groove 112 and the limiting groove 121A of the locking end 121 are engaged with each other, and the locking end 121 is locked in the locking groove 112. On the contrary, when the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 slides from the locking position 1121 in the locking groove 112 to the releasing position 1122, since the mutual engagement state between the position-limiting protrusion 1121A of the locking groove 112 and the position-limiting groove 121A of the locking end 121 is released, the locking end 121 can be disengaged from the locking groove 112. In an embodiment of the present application, the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 is further provided with a first magnetic element 1211, and the locking position 1121 of the sheath locking member 112 is further provided with a second magnetic element 11211, so that the locking end 121 is positioned on the locking position 1121 of the sheath locking member 112 by utilizing the magnetic principle, and cannot easily slide from the locking position 1121 to the release position 1122, so as to ensure that the blood vessel 2 can be firmly locked to the locking ring 120 circumferentially during the operation.

It should be noted that the structural configuration of the sheath locking element 112 is not limited to the above, and in other embodiments, the sheath locking element 112 may also include a switch unit 1123 for providing the locking end 121 and the sheath locking element 112 to be locked with each other or separated from each other. Specifically, please refer to fig. 6A and fig. 6B in combination, wherein the sheath locking element 112 includes a locking hole 112A disposed on the wall of the sheath 11, the switch unit 1123 further includes a toggle member 11231 and a locking tongue 11232 disposed in the locking hole 112, the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing element 12 further includes a locking post 121B, an outer diameter of the locking post 121B is matched with an aperture of the locking hole 112A, a locking groove 121C is further formed on the locking post 121B, the locking tongue 11232 is retracted by applying an acting force to the toggle member 11231 to open the inside of the locking hole 112A, so that the locking post 121B of the locking end 121 can be inserted into the locking hole 112A, and then the acting force applied to the toggle member 11231 is released to restore the locking tongue 32 to be engaged with the locking groove 121C of the locking post 121B, so that the locking post 121B is locked in the locking hole 112A of the sheath locking element 112. In addition, the toggle member 11231 can be acted to retract the bolt 11232, so as to release the engagement between the bolt 11232 and the lock groove 121C, and the lock column 121B of the locking end 121 can be disengaged from the lock hole 112A of the sheath tube locking element 112.

The control assembly 13 is used for controlling the blood vessel fixing member 12 to move in a first direction F1 or a second direction F2 opposite to the first direction with respect to the body of the sheath 11 along the axial direction of the sheath 11. In the present embodiment, the blood vessel fixing element 12 is integrally received in the receiving portion 110 of the sheath 11 in the initial use state, at this time, the doctor can operate the control assembly 13 to move the blood vessel fixing element 12 relative to the main body of the sheath 11 in the first direction, so that the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing element 12 extends out of the sheath 11 through the distal opening 111 of the sheath 11, so as to push the blood vessel fixing element 12 out of the receiving portion 110 and expose the blood vessel fixing element 12 to the sheath 11. Referring to fig. 4A and 4B, in the present embodiment, the control assembly 13 further includes a driving member 131 for providing a driving force to drive the blood vessel fixing member 12 to move in the first direction F1 relative to the sheath 11. The driving member 131 is, for example, a spring disposed inside the sheath 11, and pushes the blood vessel fixing member 12 out of the accommodating portion 110 by using an elastic restoring force of the spring (see details later).

In addition, in the case that the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 is locked on the sheath tube 11 to form the locking ring 120, the control assembly 13 can be operated to control the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 to move relative to the sheath tube 11 in the first direction F1 or the second direction F2, so as to adjust the size of the ring diameter of the locking ring 120, and thus the pressure applied by the locking ring 120 on the blood vessel 2, thereby controlling the blood flow rate in the blood vessel. Specifically, when the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 is controlled by the control assembly 13 to move in the second direction F2 (i.e. the direction approaching the operator) relative to the sheath 11, the loop diameter of the locking ring 120 gradually decreases, so that the pressure exerted on the blood vessel 2 by the locking ring 120 gradually increases, thereby gradually slowing down the blood flow rate in the blood vessel 2 or completely blocking the blood flow in the blood vessel 2 (as shown in fig. 3). Conversely, when the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 is controlled by the control assembly 13 to move in the first direction F1 (i.e. away from the operator) relative to the sheath 11, the loop diameter of the locking ring 120 gradually increases, so that the pressure exerted on the blood vessel 2 by the locking ring 120 gradually decreases, thereby gradually increasing the blood flow rate in the blood vessel 2 (i.e. gradually restoring the blood flow rate in the blocked blood vessel 2).

In one embodiment, the control assembly 13 includes a control body 132, a sliding member 133 and a locking member 134. Wherein, the control body 132 is fixedly connected to the sheath 11, and the operator can perform related operations on the instrument by holding the control body 132 at a proper position.

The sliding member 133 is disposed in the control body 132 and is fixedly connected to the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing member 12, wherein the sliding member 133 can move along the axial direction of the control body 132 in two directions relative to the control body 132 to drive the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 to move relative to the body of the sheath 11. As shown in fig. 4A and 4B, in the present embodiment, the sliding member 133 is, for example, a sliding member, and one end of the sliding member has a connecting portion 1331 fixedly connected to the free end 122, in the present embodiment, the connecting portion 1331 may be disposed inside the sheath 11 and between the free end 122 and the driving member 131. The other end of the slider 133 further includes a piston 1332 disposed within the control body 132 to drive the slider 133 to move gently relative to the control body 132 via the piston 1332.

The locker 134 is switchable between a released state and a locked state for defining a moving stroke of the slider 133 with respect to the control body 132, wherein the slider 133 (the piston 1332) is movable with respect to the control body 132 when the locker 134 is switched to the released state, and the slider 133 (the piston 1332) is positioned at a predetermined position of the control body 132 when the locker 134 is switched to the locked state. Furthermore, the locking member 134 may be in the locking state, and the driving member (spring) 131 is in the compressed state, when the locking member 134 is switched from the locking state to the releasing state, the driving member (spring) 131 in the compressed state is released, so that the connecting portion 1331 of the sliding member 133 pushes the blood vessel fixing member 12 in the receiving portion 110 to move towards the first direction F1 by the elastic restoring force provided by the driving member 131, and the blood vessel fixing member is exposed out of the sheath 11.

Referring to fig. 8A to 8E, in another embodiment of the present application, the control assembly 13 further includes a control body 132, a limiting member 135, and a sliding member 136.

The interior of the control body 132 has a lumen 1321 extending axially through the control body 132, wherein the lumen 1321 has a non-circular lumen cross-section and the control body 132 is rotatable circumferentially relative to the sheath 11.

The limiting member 135 is movably connected to the proximal end 113 of the sheath 11 and is detachably embedded in the axial cavity 1321 of the control body 132 (as shown in fig. 8E), wherein the limiting member 135 has a limiting member cross section matching with the axial cavity cross section, so that when the limiting member 135 is embedded in the axial cavity 1321, the limiting member 135 can synchronously rotate circumferentially relative to the sheath 11 along with the circumferential rotation of the control body 132 relative to the sheath 11, and the limiting member 135 is further provided with a first limiting portion 1351. In the embodiment, the cross section of the axial cavity 1321 and the cross section of the limiting element 135 may be hexagonal, but not limited thereto, and may be other non-circular cross sections.

The sliding component 136 is disposed through the axial cavity 1321 of the control body 132, and the control body 132 can rotate circumferentially relative to the sliding component 136, and the two opposite ends of the sliding component 136 are respectively provided with a first end 1361 and a second end (not shown), wherein, the first end 1361 of the sliding element 136 extends from the axial cavity 1321 at the proximal end (i.e. the end close to the operator) of the control body 132 and is exposed out of the control body 132, the second end of the sliding element 136 enters the interior of the sheath 11 through the limiting element 135 and the proximal opening 113 of the sheath 11, and is fixedly connected to the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing member 12, and the sliding member 136 is circumferentially fixed relative to the sheath 11, i.e. the sliding member 136 cannot circumferentially rotate relative to the body of the sheath 11, but is movable in the first direction F1 or the second direction F2 with respect to the body of the sheath 11 in the axial direction of the sheath 11, the connection between the second end of the sliding member 136 and the free end 122 can refer to the embodiment shown in fig. 4A and 4B. In addition, a second limiting portion 1363 is disposed on the sliding member 136.

An operator can operate the control body 132 to rotate circumferentially relative to the sheath 11 to drive the limiting member 135 embedded in the shaft cavity 1321 to rotate circumferentially relative to the body of the sheath 11, as described above, since the sliding member 136 is fixed circumferentially relative to the body of the sheath 11, when the limiting member 135 rotates circumferentially relative to the body of the sheath 11, the limiting member 135 also rotates circumferentially relative to the sliding member 136, so that the first limiting portion 1351 of the limiting member 135 and the second limiting portion 1363 of the sliding member 136 are engaged with or released from each other, wherein when the first limiting portion 1351 of the limiting member 135 and the second limiting portion 1363 of the sliding member 136 are in a released state, the sliding member 136 can move freely in both directions toward the first direction F1 or the second direction F2 relative to the sheath 11; when the first defining portion 1351 of the defining member 135 and the second defining portion 1363 of the sliding member 136 are in the mutually locked state (i.e., the state shown in fig. 8B), the sliding member 136 can move unidirectionally in the second direction F2 relative to the sheath 11 only by applying a force to the first end 1361 of the sliding member 136.

In an embodiment, the second limiting portion 1363 of the sliding element 136 further includes a segmented limiting structure for providing the segmented displacement and positioning of the sliding element 136 relative to the sheath 11 only in the second direction F2. Specifically, as shown in fig. 8B, a plurality of segment-limiting portions 13641/13642 are disposed in the segment-limiting structure, each segment-limiting portion 13641/13642 has a guiding surface 13641a/13642a and a limiting surface 13641B/13642B, wherein when a force is applied to the first end 1361 of the sliding member 136 to move along the second direction F2 while the first limiting portion 1351 of the limiting member 135 and the second limiting portion 1363 of the sliding member 136 are in a mutually locked state, the first limiting portion 1351 of the limiting member 135 is guided by the guiding surface 13642a of the segment-limiting portion 13642 to move from the segment-limiting portion 13642 to the segment-limiting portion 13641, and when the force applied to the first end 1361 is released, the first limiting portion 1351 of the limiting member 135 abuts against the limiting surface 13641B of the segment-limiting portion 13641, and the first limiting portion 1351 of the limiting member 135 is limited by the limiting surface 13641B to move reversely from the segment-limiting portion 13641 to the segment-limiting portion 13642, thereby providing only the purpose of unidirectional displacement and segmented positioning of the sliding member 136 relative to the sheath 11 and allowing the loop diameter of the locking loop 120 formed by the vessel fixing member 12 to be gradually reduced so as to precisely control the amount of pressure exerted on the vessel 2 by the locking loop 120 (i.e., gradually changing from the state shown in fig. 8C to the state shown in fig. 8D), thereby gradually slowing down the blood flow velocity in the vessel 2 until the blood flow in the vessel 2 is completely blocked. In this embodiment, the segmented limiting structure is, for example, a limiting rack disposed on the sliding member 136.

Furthermore, the limiting member 135 and the sliding member 136 of the present application can be separated from the axial cavity 1321 of the control body 132, respectively, so that when the blocking state of the blood vessel fixing member 12 against the blood vessel 2 is expected during the operation, the doctor can detach the control body 132 from the blood flow control apparatus 1 independently, thereby facilitating the subsequent operation. The sliding member 136 is made of a soft material, for example.

With reference to fig. 9, in another embodiment of the present application, the blood flow control apparatus 1 further includes a pressure regulating member 15 disposed at an inner circumference of the locking ring 120 formed by the blood vessel fixing member 12 and clamped between the locking ring 120 and the blood vessel 2 to be blocked, so that the pressure applied to different positions of the blood vessel 2 tends to be balanced by the pressure regulating member 15, thereby performing the functions of finely regulating the blocking pressure of the blood vessel fixing member 12 on the blood vessel 2 and making the circumferential force of the blood vessel 2 uniform. In the present embodiment, the pressure regulating member 15 may be designed as a bladder, such as a water bladder structure or a gas bladder structure.

Referring to fig. 10A and 10B, in another embodiment, the blood flow control apparatus 1 further includes a reversing structure, wherein the reversing structure has a first inlet 161, a second inlet 162, a first outlet 163, and a reversing unit 164, wherein the reversing unit 164 is configured to switch between a first transmission state and a second transmission state, wherein when the reversing unit 164 is switched to the first transmission state, the first inlet 161 and the first outlet 163 are axially parallel to form a first transmission channel, and when the reversing unit 164 is switched to the second reversing state, the second inlet 162 and the first outlet 163 are axially parallel to form a second transmission channel. Specifically, when performing the surgical operation, the reversing unit 164 can be first switched to a first transmission state (the state shown in fig. 10A) to make the first inlet 161 and the first outlet 163 axially parallel to form a first transmission channel, in which state, the sheath 11, the blood vessel fixing member 12, and the guiding member 14 of the blood flow control apparatus 1 can be inserted into the body cavity of the patient through the first transmission channel, and since the guiding member 14 is a rigid structure, the blood vessel fixing member 12 can smoothly reach the position of the blood vessel 2 to be blocked under the guidance of the guiding member 14, at the same time, the blood vessel fixing member 12 can be caused to protrude from the receiving portion 110 to be exposed out of the sheath 11 by the guiding member 14, and the exposed blood vessel fixing member 12 is completely deformed to circumferentially surround the blood vessel 2 to be blocked under the action of the guiding member 14, and after the locking end of the blood vessel 12 is locked on the outer sheath 11 to form the locking ring 120, the guide 14 can be withdrawn via the first transfer channel. Then, the reversing unit 164 can be switched to the second transmission state (i.e., the state shown in fig. 10B), such that the second inlet 162 is axially parallel to the first outlet 163 to form a second transmission channel, and other laparoscopic surgical instruments can enter the body cavity of the patient through the formed second transmission channel.

With reference to fig. 11A and 11B, in the present embodiment, the blood flow control apparatus 1 further includes an electronic control component 17, which includes a setting unit 171, an alarm unit 172, a pressure sensing unit 173, and a control unit 174.

The setting unit 171 is used for providing the operator with a preset maximum pressure threshold, i.e. providing the maximum pressure value that the blood vessel fixing member 12 can apply to the blood vessel 2 to be blocked, thereby preventing the blood vessel 2 from being damaged due to excessive pressure. The alarm unit 172 is used to output an alarm signal. The pressure sensing unit 173 may be disposed, for example, on the inner ring of the blood vessel fixing member 12, for sensing the pressure applied to the blood vessel 2 by the locking ring 120 formed by the blood vessel fixing member 12, and outputting a corresponding pressure sensing value. The control unit 174 is configured to receive the pressure sensing value outputted by the pressure sensing unit 173, analyze whether the sensed pressure sensing value exceeds the maximum pressure threshold set by the setting unit 171, and when it is analyzed that the received pressure sensing value exceeds the set maximum pressure threshold, enable the alarm unit 172 to output an alarm signal to remind an operator to adjust the ring diameter of the locking ring 120 in time.

In another embodiment, the electronic control unit 17 may further include a timer 175 for providing a timing and outputting a corresponding timing value. An operator may also preset a maximum operation time, that is, the maximum time of the blood vessel 2 in the blocking state, by the setting unit 171, when the blocking operation of the blood vessel 2 is completed, the timer 175 starts timing and outputs a corresponding timing value to the control unit 174, so that when the control unit 174 analyzes that the current timing value exceeds the preset maximum operation time, the alarm unit 172 is made to output an alarm signal to remind the operator to adjust the ring diameter of the locking ring 120 in time.

The method of operating the blood flow control apparatus 1 of the present application mainly includes: a blood flow control apparatus 1 is provided, and in an initial state, a blood vessel fixing member 12 of the blood flow control apparatus 1 is accommodated in an accommodating portion 110 of a sheath tube 11. When the blood flow control apparatus 1 reaches the blood vessel 2 to be blocked, the control component 13 controls the blood vessel fixing member 12 to move in the first direction F1 relative to the sheath 11, so that the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 extends out of the sheath 11 through the distal opening 111, and the blood vessel fixing member 12 is pushed out of the receiving portion 110 and exposed out of the sheath 11. Then, the blood vessel fixing member 12 exposed out of the sheath tube 11 can be bent and deformed to circumferentially surround the blood vessel 2 to be blocked, and then the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 is locked to the sheath tube 11, so that the blood vessel fixing member 12 circumferentially surrounding the blood vessel 2 forms a locking ring 120, and the blood vessel 2 to be blocked is circumferentially locked in the formed locking ring 120. Then, the control component 13 controls the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 to move in the second direction F2 relative to the sheath 11, so as to gradually reduce the loop diameter of the formed locking loop 120, thereby performing a blood vessel occlusion operation on the blood vessel 2 to be occluded, so as to slow down the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel 2 or completely occlude the blood flow in the blood vessel. When the blood vessel occlusion operation for the blood vessel 2 is finished, the control component 13 controls the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing element 12 to move in the first direction F1 relative to the sheath 11, and separates the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing element 12 and the sheath 11 from each other, so as to release the circumferential locking state of the blood vessel fixing element 12 on the blood vessel 2, thereby restoring the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel 2.

In one embodiment, when the blood flow control apparatus 1 shown in fig. 1 to 4B is used to perform a blood vessel occlusion operation, first, the sheath 11 of the blood flow control apparatus 1 and the blood vessel fixing member 12 embedded therein are moved to the position of the blood vessel 2 to be occluded in the patient body through the first transmission channel formed by the reversing structure; then, the operator can move the blood vessel fixing element 12 out of the receiving portion 110 through the distal end opening 111 of the sheath 11 and expose the blood vessel fixing element 12 out of the sheath 11 by switching the locking element 134 to the release state, the exposed blood vessel fixing element 12 can be bent and deformed to circumferentially surround the blood vessel 2 to be blocked (as shown in fig. 1 and 4B), and then the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing element 12 is locked to the sheath locking element 112 of the sheath 11, so that the blood vessel fixing element 12 forms the locking ring 120 to circumferentially lock the blood vessel 2 to be blocked therein, thereby completing the preset operation of the blood flow control apparatus 1 (as shown in fig. 2).

When cutting organ tissues, the operator can slide the piston 1332 in the control body 132 in vitro (i.e. move the piston 1332 in the second direction F2 relative to the control body 132), so as to drive the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing element 12 to move in the second direction F2 relative to the sheath tube 11, so that the ring diameter of the locking ring 120 formed by the blood vessel fixing element 12 is gradually reduced, and the size of the ring diameter of the locking ring 120 can be controlled by adjusting the state of the locking element 134 and the sliding stroke of the piston 1332 in the control body 132, thereby adjusting the blood flow rate in the blood vessel 2. The operator can then effect a continuous occlusion of the blood vessel 2 by switching the locking member 134 from the released state to the locked state (as shown in fig. 3). When the blood vessel blocking operation is finished, the operator opens the lock member 134 to switch to the release state by the outside of the body, so that the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 can move in the first direction F1 relative to the sheath 11, and thus the blood supply in the blood vessel 2 can be restored. And then the locking state between the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing piece 12 and the sheath locking piece 112 is released, so that the blood vessel fixing piece 12 can be withdrawn.

In another embodiment, when the blood flow control apparatus 1 shown in fig. 6A, 6B, 8A to 8E is used to perform a blood vessel occlusion operation, first, the sheath 11 of the blood flow control apparatus 1 and the blood vessel fixing member 12 embedded therein are partially moved to the position of the blood vessel 2 to be occluded in the patient body through the first transmission channel formed by the reversing structure; then, the blood vessel fixing element 12 is pushed to move out of the receiving portion 110 through the distal end opening 111 of the sheath tube 11 and expose out of the sheath tube 11, the exposed blood vessel fixing element 12 can be bent and deformed to circumferentially surround the blood vessel 2 to be blocked, and then the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing element 12 is locked to the sheath tube locking element 112 of the sheath tube 11, so that the blood vessel fixing element 12 forms a locking ring 120 to circumferentially lock the blood vessel 2 to be blocked therein, thereby completing the preset operation of the blood flow control apparatus 1 (as shown in fig. 8C).

When cutting the organ tissues, the operator can rotate the control body 132 to make the limiting piece 135 embedded in the shaft cavity 1321 of the control body 132 rotate circumferentially relative to the sliding piece 136, so that the first defining portion 1351 of the defining member 135 and the second defining portion 1363 of the slide member 136 are aligned with each other (interlocked), by pulling the first end 1361 of the slide member 136 in the second direction F2, the sliding component 136 can be moved in the second direction F2 relative to the sheath 11, so as to drive the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing component 12 to move in one direction in the second direction F2 relative to the sheath 11, so that the loop diameter of the locking loop 120 formed by the blood vessel fixing component 12 is gradually reduced, and by positioning the first defining part 1351 of the defining member 135 in the different sectional defining part 13642 of the second defining part 1363, the size of the locking ring 120 can be controlled to adjust the blood flow rate in the blood vessel 2, so as to achieve continuous occlusion of the blood vessel 2 (as shown in fig. 8D). At this time, the operator can detach the control body 132 from the blood flow control apparatus 1, and only leave the sliding member 136 extending to the outside of the body along the first transmission channel, so as to facilitate the subsequent operation, and since the first limiting portion 1351 on the limiting member 135 and the second limiting portion 1363 on the sliding member 136 are in the one-way self-locking state, the blood vessel 2 can be ensured to be kept in the blocked state during the operation.

When the blood vessel blocking operation is finished, the control body 132 can be replaced along the sliding member 136, so that the limiting member 135 is re-embedded in the shaft cavity 1321 of the control body 132, and the control body 132 is rotated in vitro, so that the first limiting portion 1351 of the limiting member 135 and the second limiting portion 1363 of the sliding member 136 can be unlocked from each other, the free end 122 of the blood vessel fixing member 12 can move towards the first direction F1 relative to the sheath tube 11, and the blood supply state in the blood vessel 2 can be restored. And then the locking state between the locking end 121 of the blood vessel fixing piece 12 and the sheath locking piece 112 is released, so that the blood vessel fixing piece 12 can be withdrawn.

To sum up, the blood flow control apparatus of this application is through making exposed blood vessel mounting bending deformation and closure in order to form the locking ring to the sheath on to the blood vessel that blocks is treated to circumference closure, the rethread operation control assembly removes for the sheath pipe with the free end that makes the blood vessel mounting to adjust the ring footpath size of the locking ring that forms, and then the adjustment the pressure size that the locking ring applyed on the blood vessel that treats to block, thereby realizes slowing down blood flow velocity in the blood vessel or block completely the mesh of blood flow in the blood vessel, and can reach the technological effect of the blood flow velocity in the accurate control blood vessel.

In addition, after the blood flow blocking operation aiming at the blood vessel is completed, the control body can be cut off from the blood flow control instrument, so that the blood flow control instrument can be conveniently operated with a follow-up operation, and related components of the blood flow control instrument can be respectively placed or other laparoscopic surgery instruments can be placed by switching the reversing structure between the first transmission channel and the second transmission channel.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are not limited thereto; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (18)

1. A blood flow control apparatus for controlling the flow rate of blood flow in a blood vessel, comprising:

a sheath tube having a receiving portion formed therein and having a distal end opening located at a distal end of the sheath tube;

the blood vessel fixing piece is arranged in the sheath in a sliding manner, and two opposite ends of the blood vessel fixing piece are respectively provided with a locking end and a free end, wherein the blood vessel fixing piece can be accommodated in the accommodating part of the sheath or can be exposed out of the sheath to generate bending deformation to circumferentially surround the blood vessel, and the locking ends are used for being detachably locked on the sheath so that the blood vessel fixing piece circumferentially surrounding the blood vessel forms a locking ring to circumferentially lock the blood vessel in the locking ring; and

a control assembly for controlling the vessel fixation member to move along an axial direction of the sheath in a first direction or a second direction opposite to the first direction with respect to a body of the sheath; wherein,

under the condition that the blood vessel fixing piece is received in the receiving part, the control component is used for controlling the blood vessel fixing piece to move towards the first direction relative to the sheath, so that the locking end of the blood vessel fixing piece extends out of the sheath through the distal end opening, and the blood vessel fixing piece is exposed out of the sheath; and

under the condition that the locking end is locked on the sheath tube to form the locking ring, the control component is used for controlling the free end of the blood vessel fixing piece to move towards the first direction or the second direction relative to the sheath tube so as to adjust the pressure applied on the blood vessel by the locking ring by adjusting the ring diameter of the locking ring, thereby controlling the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel.

2. The blood flow control apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

when the control component controls the free end of the blood vessel fixing component to move towards the second direction relative to the sheath, the ring diameter of the locking ring is gradually reduced, and the pressure exerted on the blood vessel by the locking ring is gradually increased, so that the blood flow speed in the blood vessel is gradually reduced or the blood flow in the blood vessel is completely blocked;

when the control component controls the free end of the blood vessel fixing component to move towards the first direction relative to the sheath, the ring diameter of the locking ring is gradually increased, and the pressure exerted on the blood vessel by the locking ring is gradually reduced, so that the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel is gradually increased.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a sheath locking element is disposed on the sheath for releasably locking the locking end of the vessel anchor to form the locking ring.

4. The blood flow control apparatus of claim 3, wherein the sheath locking element further comprises a locking position and a release position, wherein the locking end and the sheath locking element are locked to each other when the locking end is in the locking position, and the locking end and the sheath locking element are separable from each other when the locking end is in the release position.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the locking end has a first magnetic element and the sheath locking member has a second magnetic element at the locking position, so that the locking end is positioned at the locking position of the sheath locking member by using a magnetic principle.

6. The blood flow control instrument of claim 3, wherein the sheath lock further comprises a switch unit for providing the locking end and the sheath lock to be locked to or unlocked from each other.

7. The blood flow control apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control assembly further comprises a drive member for providing a driving force to drive the vascular fastener to move relative to the sheath in the first direction.

8. The blood flow control apparatus of claim 1 or 7, wherein the control assembly further comprises:

the control body is fixedly connected with the sheath tube;

the sliding piece is arranged in the control body and fixedly connected with the free end of the blood vessel fixing piece, and the sliding piece can move in two directions relative to the control body along the axial direction of the control body so as to drive the free end of the blood vessel fixing piece to move relative to the sheath tube; and

a lock switchable between a released state and a locked state to thereby define a travel of the slider relative to the control body, wherein the slider is movable relative to the control body when the lock is switched to the released state, and the slider is positioned at a predetermined position of the control body when the lock is switched to the locked state.

9. The blood flow control apparatus of claim 1 or 7, wherein the control assembly further comprises:

a control body having an axial lumen extending axially through the control body, the axial lumen having a non-circular axial lumen cross-section, the control body being circumferentially rotatable relative to the sheath;

the limiting piece is movably arranged at the near end of the sheath tube and is detachably embedded in the shaft cavity of the control body, the limiting piece is provided with a limiting piece section matched with the shaft cavity section so that the limiting piece can rotate circumferentially relative to the sheath tube along with the control body, and a first limiting part is further arranged on the limiting piece; and

the sliding piece is arranged in the shaft cavity in a penetrating mode and provided with a first end and a second end, wherein the first end and the second end are located at two opposite ends of the sliding piece, the first end extends out of the control body at the near end of the control body, the second end is fixedly connected with the free end of the blood vessel fixing piece through the near end of the sheath tube, so that the sliding piece is fixed relative to the sheath tube in the circumferential direction, a second limiting part is further arranged on the sliding piece, and the sliding piece can move towards the first direction or the second direction relative to the sheath tube along the axial direction of the sheath tube; and wherein the one or more of the one,

the control body is controlled to rotate circumferentially relative to the sheath tube so as to drive the limiting piece to rotate circumferentially relative to the sliding piece, so that the first limiting part of the limiting piece and the second limiting part on the sliding piece are clamped or released mutually, and when the first limiting part of the limiting piece and the second limiting part on the sliding piece are in a mutually released state, the sliding piece can move freely in two directions towards the first direction or the second direction relative to the sheath tube; when the first limiting part of the limiting piece and the second limiting part on the sliding piece are in a mutual locking state, the sliding piece can move towards the second direction relative to the sheath in a single direction only by applying acting force to the first end.

10. The blood flow control apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second defining portion of the glide further comprises a segmented stop structure for providing segmented displacement and positioning of the glide relative to the sheath in the second direction.

11. The blood flow control device of claim 9, wherein the defining member and the sliding member are respectively disengageable from the control body to detach the control body from the blood flow control device.

12. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vessel holder is a hollow member, and further comprising a guiding member that is insertable into the vessel holder and provides a predetermined curved configuration, the guiding member being configured to facilitate removal of the vessel holder from the receiving portion and allow the vessel holder exposed to the sheath to be curved and deformed in accordance with the predetermined curved configuration of the guiding member.

13. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure adjusting member disposed at an inner periphery of the locking ring so as to be interposed between the locking ring and the blood vessel, the pressure adjusting member being configured to balance the pressures applied to different positions of the blood vessel and to finely adjust the magnitude of the pressure applied to the blood vessel.

14. The blood flow control apparatus of claim 13, wherein the pressure regulating member is a balloon.

15. The blood flow control apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a reversing structure having a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a reversing unit for providing switching between a first transmission state and a second transmission state, wherein when the reversing unit is switched to the first transmission state, the first inlet is axially parallel to the first outlet to form a first transmission channel, and when the reversing unit is switched to the second transmission state, the second inlet is axially parallel to the first outlet to form a second transmission channel.

16. The blood flow control apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an electronic control assembly having:

a setting unit for providing a set maximum pressure threshold;

an alarm unit for outputting an alarm signal;

a pressure sensing unit for sensing the pressure applied to the blood vessel by the locking ring formed by the blood vessel fixing member and outputting a pressure sensing value; and

a control unit, configured to receive the pressure sensing value output by the pressure sensing unit, analyze whether the pressure sensing value exceeds the maximum pressure threshold, and enable the alarm unit to output the alarm signal when the pressure sensing value exceeds the maximum pressure threshold.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the electronic control assembly further comprises a timer for providing a timing and outputting a corresponding timing value; wherein, is controlled,

the setting unit further provides a set maximum operation time, and the control unit further receives the timing value output by the timer and enables the alarm unit to output the alarm signal when the timing value exceeds the maximum operation time.

18. A method of operating the blood flow control apparatus of any one of claims 1 or 15, comprising:

providing the blood flow control instrument, and receiving the blood vessel fixing member of the blood flow control instrument in the receiving portion of the sheath;

when the blood flow control apparatus reaches the blood vessel to be blocked, the control component controls the blood vessel fixing member to move towards the first direction relative to the sheath, so that the locking end of the blood vessel fixing member extends out of the sheath through the distal end opening, and the blood vessel fixing member is pushed out of the accommodating part and is exposed out of the sheath;

the blood vessel fixing piece exposed out of the sheath tube is bent and deformed to circumferentially surround the blood vessel;

locking the locking end of the blood vessel fixing piece to the sheath so that the blood vessel fixing piece circumferentially surrounding the blood vessel forms a locking ring to circumferentially lock the blood vessel in the locking ring;

controlling the free end of the blood vessel fixing member to move towards the second direction relative to the sheath tube by the control component, so that the ring diameter of the locking ring is reduced to perform a blood vessel blocking operation on the blood vessel, and the blood flow speed in the blood vessel is reduced or the blood flow in the blood vessel is completely blocked;

when the blood vessel blocking operation for the blood vessel is finished, the control component is used for controlling the free end of the blood vessel fixing piece to move towards the first direction relative to the sheath, and the locking end of the blood vessel fixing piece and the sheath are separated from each other so as to release circumferential locking on the blood vessel, and therefore the blood flow velocity in the blood vessel is recovered.

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