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CN112070786A - Alert radar PPI image target/interference extraction method - Google Patents

Alert radar PPI image target/interference extraction method Download PDF

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CN112070786A
CN112070786A CN202010690853.8A CN202010690853A CN112070786A CN 112070786 A CN112070786 A CN 112070786A CN 202010690853 A CN202010690853 A CN 202010690853A CN 112070786 A CN112070786 A CN 112070786A
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李廷鹏
王满喜
赵宏宇
杨晓帆
郝晓军
李永成
刘国柱
汪连栋
申绪涧
曾勇虎
汪亚
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of alert radar interference detection and effect evaluation, and discloses an alert radar PPI image target/interference extraction method, which comprises the following steps of firstly, based on the background information coarse extraction of an interference-free PPI image: for the PPI image without interference, comparing the difference between each pixel value and the adjacent pixel value to realize the coarse extraction of background information; secondly, extracting result errors based on the background information of the non-interference PPI image: and thirdly, performing difference processing on target components in the crude extraction result of the background information to realize PPI image target/interference extraction: and taking the background extraction result of the non-interference PPI image as a reference, and performing difference processing on the PPI image containing the target/interference and the reference image to realize the extraction of the target/interference. The method and the device realize automatic detection and extraction of the target and the interference region in the warning radar PPI image, improve the processing efficiency and reduce the analysis deviation caused by human factors. The method has important significance for improving the target monitoring capability of the warning radar.

Description

Alert radar PPI image target/interference extraction method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alert radar interference detection and effect evaluation, and particularly relates to an alert radar PPI image target/interference extraction method.
Background
The warning radar is usually deployed at the frontier of frontier defense/sea defense or in the military place, and performs tasks such as searching and tracking of aerial targets and sea surface targets in a certain area around the deployment site so as to realize early warning detection of threat targets. Typically, the search results of the surveillance radar are presented on a Plan Position Indicator (PPI). On PPI, a radar antenna is positioned in the center of a display area, and radar echo processing results are displayed in a polar coordinate system and represent various echoes: the distribution of targets, interference, clutter, etc. in distance and direction will generally embed the topographic map of the radar in the result in a more general form.
When the radar is actually working, various intentional and unintentional interferences inevitably exist, and the interferences present various forms in the PPI image. In order to analyze and classify radar interference, the PPI image needs to be interpreted. Currently, interpretation work such as analysis and classification of a PPI image of a warning radar is mainly manual, so that the burden of an interpreter is very heavy, and due to the fact that various kinds of interference are in a variety, the level, accuracy and efficiency of classification of the PPI image under the condition of interference by the interpreter are not high.
In order to improve the analysis capability of the warning radar PPI image, the extraction work of the target and the interference in the PPI image needs to be carried out first, so that data support is provided for the classification of the subsequent images.
Currently, only qualitative analysis based on manual interpretation is needed for extracting targets and interferences in a warning radar PPI image, and a corresponding systematic processing technology is lacked. Reference documents:
[1] cheng, M, Mitra N J, Huang X, et al, Global consistent based solvent region detection [ J ] IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Analysis, 2015,37(3): 569-: beijing Industrial Press, 2001.[3] Populus Pont, plum ancient, extract line segment [ J ] from edge image using marker growth, Shanghai university of transportation, 1999,33(4): 466-.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides a method for extracting a target/interference of a warning radar PPI image.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for extracting a target/interference of a warning radar PPI image comprises the following steps:
firstly, coarse extraction of background information based on an undisturbed PPI image: for the PPI image without interference, comparing the difference between each pixel value and the adjacent pixel value to realize the coarse extraction of background information;
background information is mostly linear, in a local area, a pixel value of the background information jumps from a pixel value of a neighborhood of the background information, a difference between a central pixel point and a neighborhood pixel point of the local area of the image is extracted, a reasonable threshold value T1 is set, if the difference value is greater than T1, the point is determined to be an edge point, namely the background, otherwise, the point is not determined;
for each pixel (i, j) of the PPI image, constructing 8 neighborhoods of the pixel, respectively calculating the difference value between the central pixel (i, j) and the 8 neighborhoods around the central pixel (i, j), wherein the difference between the edge pixel and the peripheral neighborhood pixel is different under different conditions due to the fact that the edge background pixel value is larger than the neighborhood pixels and the PPI image is influenced by factors such as illumination and the like, and the extraction effect is good when T1-5 is selected as the threshold value of a crude extraction stage through multiple times of experimental verification;
secondly, extracting result errors based on the background information of the non-interference PPI image and eliminating the errors: removing target components in the crude extraction result of the background information, namely error components in the extraction result of the background information by using a morphological filtering method;
in the coarse extraction stage, a part of target echo region with smaller area or ground object echo region is judged as background, which belongs to error factors in background information; introducing a morphological filtering method, setting an area size threshold T2 by taking the area of a patch in a background as a measurement index, if the area of the patch is smaller than the threshold, considering that the patch belongs to a target echo or a ground object echo and does not belong to background information, removing the patch, and if the area of the patch is larger than the threshold, considering that the patch belongs to the background information and reserving the background information; the threshold T2 was set to 40 pixels in the experiment by calculating the area size of the object in the multiple images;
thirdly, PPI image target/interference extraction is realized by applying difference processing: taking a background extraction result of the non-interference PPI image as a reference, and performing difference processing on the PPI image containing the target/interference and the reference image to realize the extraction of the target/interference, wherein the specific implementation is as follows:
the gray values of the original P display image and the P display image with the target/interference are directly compared, and the pixel values of the corresponding positions are subjected to subtraction processing, so that the coordinate system, the administrative boundary and the place name label of the background clutter information are effectively eliminated, and the target/interference result is finally obtained, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002589297610000031
wherein D isijIs the difference at pixel (i, j),
Figure BDA0002589297610000032
and
Figure BDA0002589297610000033
respectively representing the gray values of the pixels (i, j) in the original image and the background image, and C is a normal number in order to make the difference value not negative.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a PPI image target/interference extraction method, which can improve the automation degree of PPI image analysis of a warning radar, on one hand, can improve the processing efficiency, and on the other hand, can reduce the analysis deviation caused by human factors. The invention has the advantages that: firstly, roughly extracting background information based on an interference-free PPI image; secondly, extracting result errors and removing the result errors based on the background information of the non-interference PPI image; third, difference processing is applied to achieve PPI image target/interference extraction. The automatic detection and extraction of the target and the interference region in the PPI image of the warning radar are realized, so that data support is provided for classification of the target and the interference, the target extraction and image classification capability of an interpreter is effectively improved, and the method has important significance for improving the target monitoring capability of the warning radar.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a basic flow diagram of target/disturbance extraction in PPI images.
Detailed Description
The patent is further explained below with reference to the drawings. The scope of protection of the patent is not limited to the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention proposes a target/interference extraction method for a warning radar PPI image based on an existing image processing tool, and realizes automatic detection and extraction of a target and an interference region in the warning radar PPI image, thereby providing data support for classification of the target and the interference, so as to effectively improve the target extraction and image classification capabilities of an interpreter, which is of great significance for improving the target monitoring capability of the warning radar. The specific implementation scheme is as follows:
1) in the rough extraction stage of the background information based on the interference-free PPI image, the background information is considered to be linear, and in a local area, a certain jump exists between the pixel value of the background information and the pixel value of the neighborhood thereof. Therefore, by setting a reasonable threshold T1 in consideration of the difference between the central pixel point and the neighboring pixel points in the extracted local region of the image, if the difference value is greater than T1, it is determined that the point is an edge point, i.e., the point is the background, otherwise, it is not. For each pixel (i, j) of the PPI image, constructing 8 neighborhoods of the pixel, respectively calculating the difference value between the central pixel (i, j) and the 8 neighborhoods around the central pixel (i, j), wherein the difference between the edge pixel and the peripheral neighborhood pixels is different under different conditions due to the fact that the edge (background) pixel value is larger than the neighborhood pixels and the PPI image is influenced by factors such as illumination and the like, and the extraction effect is better when T1 is selected as the threshold value of the crude extraction stage through multiple times of experimental verification.
2) And (3) eliminating errors of the background information extraction result based on the non-interference PPI image, wherein in a crude extraction stage, a part of target echo region or ground object echo region with smaller area is judged as the background, and the target echo region or the ground object echo region belongs to error factors in the background information. In order to eliminate the errors and obtain clearer background information, a morphological filtering method is introduced, the area of a patch in the background is used as a measurement index, an area size threshold T2 is set, if the area of the patch is smaller than the threshold, the patch is considered to belong to a target echo or a ground object echo and not belong to background information, the patch is eliminated, and if the area of the patch is larger than the threshold, the patch is considered to be background information and is reserved. The threshold T2 was set to 40 pixels in the experiment by calculating the area size of the object in the multiple images.
3) PPI image target/interference extraction using difference processing
Taking the background clutter information extracted by the previous two steps of processing as a reference, directly comparing gray values of an original P display image and the P display image with a target/interference, and performing subtraction processing on pixel values at corresponding positions, thereby effectively eliminating background clutter information (a coordinate system, an administrative boundary, a place name label and the like), and finally obtaining a target/interference result, wherein a calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002589297610000051
wherein D isijIs the difference at pixel (i, j),
Figure BDA0002589297610000052
and
Figure BDA0002589297610000053
respectively representing the gray values of the pixels (i, j) in the original image and the background image, and C is a normal number in order to make the difference value not negative.

Claims (1)

1. A method for extracting a target/interference of a warning radar PPI image is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, coarse extraction of background information based on an undisturbed PPI image: for the PPI image without interference, comparing the difference between each pixel value and the adjacent pixel value to realize the coarse extraction of background information;
the adopted background information is mostly linear, in a local area, the pixel value of the background information jumps from the pixel value of the neighborhood thereof, the difference between the central pixel point and the neighborhood pixel point of the local area of the image is extracted, and a reasonable threshold value T1 is set, if the difference value is greater than the threshold value T1, the point is determined to be an edge point, namely the background, otherwise, the point is not determined;
for each pixel (i, j) of the PPI image, constructing 8 neighborhoods of the pixel, respectively calculating the difference value between the central pixel (i, j) and the 8 neighborhoods around the central pixel (i, j), wherein the difference between the edge background pixel value and the neighborhood pixel is different under different conditions due to the fact that the edge background pixel value is larger than the neighborhood pixel value and the PPI image is influenced by illumination factors, and the extraction effect is good when the threshold value T1 is selected to be 5 as the threshold value of the coarse extraction stage through multiple times of experimental verification;
secondly, extracting result errors based on the background information of the non-interference PPI image and eliminating the errors: removing target components in the crude extraction result of the background information, namely error components in the extraction result of the background information by using a morphological filtering method;
in the coarse extraction stage, a part of target echo region with smaller area or ground object echo region is judged as background, which belongs to error factors in background information; introducing a morphological filtering method, setting an area size threshold T2 by taking the area of a patch in a background as a measurement index, if the area of the patch is smaller than the threshold, considering that the patch belongs to a target echo or a ground object echo and does not belong to background information, removing the patch, and if the area of the patch is larger than the threshold, considering that the patch belongs to the background information and reserving the background information; the threshold T2 was set to 40 pixels in the experiment by calculating the area size of the object in the multiple images;
thirdly, PPI image target/interference extraction is realized by applying difference processing: taking a background extraction result of the non-interference PPI image as a reference, and performing difference processing on the PPI image containing the target/interference and the reference image to realize the extraction of the target/interference, wherein the specific implementation is as follows:
the gray values of the original P display image and the P display image with the target/interference are directly compared, and the pixel values of the corresponding positions are subjected to subtraction processing, so that the coordinate system, the administrative boundary and the place name label of the background clutter information are effectively eliminated, and the target/interference result is finally obtained, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002589297600000021
wherein D isijIs the difference at pixel (i, j),
Figure FDA0002589297600000022
and
Figure FDA0002589297600000023
respectively representing the gray values of the pixels (i, j) in the original image and the background image, and C is a normal number in order to make the difference value not negative.
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