CN111727936A - Indoor propagation method of chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee - Google Patents
Indoor propagation method of chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee Download PDFInfo
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- CN111727936A CN111727936A CN202010610212.7A CN202010610212A CN111727936A CN 111727936 A CN111727936 A CN 111727936A CN 202010610212 A CN202010610212 A CN 202010610212A CN 111727936 A CN111727936 A CN 111727936A
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- 241000426497 Chilo suppressalis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000985295 Habrobracon hebetor Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 241000256816 Braconidae Species 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 description 21
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 description 11
- 241001454881 Cotesia Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000142468 Bracon Species 0.000 description 9
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001491790 Bupalus piniaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000426499 Chilo Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255749 Coccinellidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000033688 Cotesia chilonis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000489975 Diabrotica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000353522 Earias insulana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001454772 Encarsia formosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255967 Helicoverpa zea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000258937 Hemiptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255777 Lepidoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000346285 Ostrinia furnacalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001521289 Pyraloidea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001124066 Tachinidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000256618 Trichogramma Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005058 diapause Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor propagation method of chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee, which comprises the following steps: (1) placing chilo suppressalis larvae of 4-5 ages into a parasitic test tube indoors, then placing three chilo suppressalis discodermia braconid flies with a male-female ratio of 2:1, sealing the opening of the parasitic test tube after placing nutrient solution, covering the parasitic test tube with black cloth, and parasitizing for 6-12 hours; (2) taking out the parasitic chilo suppressalis from the test tube, then putting the parasitic chilo suppressalis into the test tube, and repeating the steps until the chilo suppressalis are completely killed; (3) the taken-out chilo suppressalis parasitized are placed in a feeding bottle in groups, chilo suppressalis artificial feed is placed at the bottom, and the feeding bottle mouth is sealed by black cloth. The method can effectively parasitize Chilo suppressalis, the single-head parasitization proportion can reach more than 90%, the cocooning rate can reach 100% at most, and the method is favorable for the propagation and the amplification of the population quantity of the Chilo suppressalis Cussoides.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an indoor propagation method of chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee.
Background
The rice stem borer Chilo supppress (Walker) belongs to Lepidoptera (Lepidotera), Pyraloidea of the family Bombycidae and Chilo of the genus Diabrotica, and is one of the most serious and widely distributed common pests in the stem borer of the family Bombycidae in the world. The rice stem borer has 1-5 generations of rice stem borer in China, and mainly overwinter in rice stakes or some gramineous weeds by diapause aged larvae. In recent years, with the change of global climate, the change of cultivation mode and planting variety, and the unreasonable application of chemical pesticide, the population quantity of the rice stem borer is on the rise trend, the harm is becoming serious day by day, and a large amount of yield reduction of rice is caused in rice areas of China. Therefore, attention is paid to the current situation that the population quantity of the rice stem borer gradually rises and the resistance of the rice stem borer to common pesticides is generated. From the perspective of plant protection, the harm of pests and the unreasonable use of chemical pesticides in large quantities are two important factors that restrict the sustainable development of agriculture. Although the effect of the biological control is not as effective and rapid as that of the chemical pesticide in the early stage of control, the biological control has the characteristics of stability, economy, long acting and relative safety, plays an increasingly important role on the sustainable development road of modern agriculture, becomes one of important means for preventing and treating diseases, insects and weeds, and plays roles in removing and increasing the yield, protecting ecological balance and reducing environmental pollution.
In recent years, biological control techniques have been developed. The natural enemies are utilized to naturally control the pests and release the natural enemies in a large scale, and particularly, different natural enemies in different growth and development stages of the pests are utilized to cooperatively and comprehensively control the pests, so that the method is an important means for biological control. In recent years, natural enemies such as trichogramma, encarsia formosa, predatory mites, ladybug, parasitic flies and the like are used to control pests such as corn borer, pine moth, cotton bollworm, whitefly, leaf mites, aphids and the like in China successfully. In addition, in order to make up for the situation that some external pests lack effective natural enemies in China, more than 300 natural enemies have been introduced from abroad in China, and the method plays an important role in controlling the pests.
Chilo suppressalis Cotesia chiloni (Munakata) belongs to Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera), Coconidae (Braconidae) and Cotesia (Cotesia) and is an important parasitic bee of rice stem borer. The parasitic wasp has strong host specialization, has higher parasitic rate on chilo suppressalis larvae of all generations, particularly has the parasitic rate on the chilo suppressalis larvae of the overwintering generations which is usually more than 90 percent, is a natural enemy of dominant species in the chilo suppressalis larva stage, and plays an important control role on chilo suppressalis field population. According to the records of domestic and foreign documents and the statistics of the general investigation conditions in various regions, the Chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee in China is mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Hunan; foreign countries are mainly distributed in japan, indonesia, and korea, etc. Chilo suppressalis fringed bracon duvettes are used as endoparasitic dominant parasitic wasps in the larva stage of the Chilo suppressalis and are important natural enemy insects for preventing and controlling the rice stem borers, and the indoor single insect parasitic breeding technology of the parasitic wasps is not reported so far.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a single worm parasitizing method for indoor breeding and feeding of chilo suppressalis cotesia striatellus, which can realize rapid breeding of chilo suppressalis cotesia striatellus.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an indoor propagation method of chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee, which comprises the following steps:
(1) placing chilo suppressalis larvae of 4-5 ages indoors into a parasitic test tube, then placing three chilo suppressalis discodermius gifuensis with the male-female ratio of 2:1, sealing the opening of the parasitic test tube after placing nutrient solution, covering the parasitic test tube with black cloth, and performing parasitic for 6-12 hours, wherein the parasitic time is preferably 6 hours;
(2) taking out the parasitic chilo suppressalis from the test tube, then putting the parasitic chilo suppressalis into the test tube, and repeating the steps until the chilo suppressalis are completely killed;
(3) the taken-out chilo suppressalis parasitized are placed in a feeding bottle in groups, chilo suppressalis artificial feed is placed at the bottom, and the feeding bottle mouth is sealed by black cloth.
According to the single-worm parasitizing method for indoor breeding and breeding of the chilo suppressalis fringed bracon, the chilo suppressalis fringed bracon is combined in the parasitizing process, and the same parasitizing proportion and parasitizing method are adopted under the same parasitizing environment condition, so that multiple parasitizing effects are achieved, and the chilo suppressalis fringed bracon is rapidly bred.
Furthermore, when part of the cotesia discoreans are dead, the chilo suppressalis cotesia discoreans living in different test tubes can be combined to ensure that each test tube contains 3 cotesia discoreans of 2 females and 1 males.
Further, the nutrient solution in the step (2) is honey water, the honey water is soaked into the cotton threads, and the cotton threads are placed on the test tube wall of the parasitic test tube.
Further, the indoor temperature in the step (1) is maintained at 27 +/-1 ℃, and the light-dark ratio is 16:8, light intensity 1200 lux. Furthermore, the feeding bottle is also provided with water absorption paper to prevent overhigh humidity.
Has the advantages that: the single-worm parasitizing method for indoor breeding and breeding of the chilo suppressalis cotesia discoidea can effectively parasitize the chilo suppressalis, the single-worm parasitizing proportion can reach more than 90%, the cocooning rate can reach 100% at most, the propagation and amplification of the population quantity of the chilo suppressalis cotesia discoidea are facilitated, compared with other methods, the parasitizing method is more efficient and easy to implement, the method is an important way for large-scale propagation of the preserved bee species and the parasitic bee species group, has important significance on various biological researches on the chilo suppressalis cotesia discoidea and practical popularization and application of biological control, and is important content for realizing a sustainable agricultural development mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the tube parasitic feeding of single-head Chilo suppressalis;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of Chilo suppressalis rearing after parasitization;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a home-made pest sucker;
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings.
Example 1
The indoor propagation method of the chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the existing Chilo suppressalis discodermus bracon cocoons into test tubes with the specification of 22 x 74mm, placing the cocoons which are grown by the parasitic Chilo suppressalis in each test tube, sealing the test tubes by using a plug 1, and breeding the cocoons in an indoor environment with the light-dark ratio of 16:8, the temperature of 27 +/-1 ℃, the humidity of 75% and the light intensity of 1200lux, wherein the Chilo suppressalis discodermus bracon cocoons are usually grown in the early morning. After the bees emerge, sucking three chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee adults 3 by a self-made insect sucking pipe (as shown in figure 3) according to the proportion of male to female ratio of 2:1, sucking the chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee adults into a parasitic test tube which is provided with a single chilo suppressalis 4 with the age of 4-5 and the specification of 22 x 74mm, dipping honey water with the concentration of 10% by using cotton threads 2 of about 3cm, placing the dipped honey water on the wall of a glass tube to serve as supplementary nutrition of the parasitic wasps, finally sealing the opening of the glass tube by using a plug 1, covering the glass tube with black cloth, and carrying out parasitic for 6 hours. The rest Chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee can be supplemented with 10% honey water for standby use, as shown in figure 1.
The self-made pest-sucking tube comprises two de-pointed 1500 muzzle heads, a rubber tube 8 of about 20cm, a de-pointed 1500 muzzle head, a gauze 9 (limiting pests to the right position of the gauze) and a 1500 muzzle head which are connected in sequence from left to right as shown in figure 3. Sucking air through the left gun head port during insect sucking, and enabling the adult bees to enter the right gun head port; then blowing air through the gun head opening on the left side, and enabling the formed bees to enter the parasitic test tube from the gun head opening on the right side.
(2) And after the parasitizing time is reached, replacing the parasitized chilo suppressalis with a new batch of the unparasitized chilo suppressalis. If chilo suppressalis cocoon bee dies in the replacement process, newly-emerged cocoon bee can be supplemented or cocoon bee in the test tube can be combined to keep the parasitic male-female ratio, cotton threads dipped with 10% of honey water can be replaced in time to provide sufficient nutrition for the cocoon bee, and finally the test tube is sealed by a plug and covered with black cloth.
(3) Feeding the parasitic chilo suppressalis 7 in a glass bottle which is paved with artificial feed 6 and facial tissue and has the specifications of bottleneck radius 32mm, bottle body radius 38mm and bottle height 98mm by taking 20 heads as a group, wherein the feed environment conditions are that the light-dark ratio is 16:8, the temperature is 27 +/-1 ℃, the humidity is 75 percent and the light intensity is 1200lux, and the feeding bottleneck is sealed by black cloth 5, as shown in figure 2. The parasitic chilo suppressalis bred in the glass bottle also needs to replace absorbent paper and artificial feed regularly. Wherein the absorbent paper is replaced once in 1-2 days, and the feed is replaced once in 6-8 days. The parasitized chilo suppressalis can be used for biting cocoons after about 10-11 days, newly-bitten cocoons need to be collected in a test tube in time, and the test tube is sealed by a plug; the bees can emerge 4-5 days after cocoon emergence, and the bee emergence time is maintained for about 2-3 days.
After the larvae emerge, the previous steps can be repeated to circularly propagate the chilo suppressalis fringed braconid flies or the parasitic chilo suppressalis fringed braconid flies are used for experimental research work and chilo suppressalis field prevention and control work.
Example 2
The invention discloses a method for confirming the male-female ratio of Chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee:
in order to explore the most suitable parasitic sex ratio of the striped rice borer discodermius braconid, the invention explores the parasitic characteristics of the striped rice borer discodermius braconid with different male-female ratios to the striped rice borers, referring to example 1, the feeding method comprises the steps that the male-female ratios of the striped rice borers discodermius braconid are respectively 1:1, 2:1 and 5:3, each male-female ratio experiment parasitizes 50 striped rice borer larvae respectively, and the instar of the striped rice borers larvae is 5 years old. Specific data are shown in table 1 and table 2:
TABLE 1 death and cocoon emergence of different populations of Chilo suppressalis parasitizing Chilo suppressalis in different male and female ratios of Chilo suppressalis
TABLE 2 emergence conditions of Chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bee with different male and female ratios
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, in the parasitism results of the Chilo suppressalis cocoon bee with different male-female ratios, the parasitism rate of the ratio of female to male is the highest with 5:3, the parasitism rate of the ratio of female to male is the second highest with 2:1, and the parasitism success rate of the ratio of female to male is the lowest with 1: 1.
In the process of mating and breeding the female and male chilo suppressalis bracon duveticus for the next generation, the most important is that the mating female and male chilo suppressalis can ensure the parasitic success. The chilo suppressalis has a certain defense reaction on egg laying parasitism of the chilo suppressalis frisbee, and parasitism bees can be stuck or killed through saliva, so that female bees are susceptible to the defense of host chilo suppressalis larvae and can not be successfully parasitized when the male-female ratio is 1:1, and the ratio of 1:1 is used as the proportion for indoor large-scale breeding of Chilo suppressalis Cumminck fly.
In addition, researches find that the chilo suppressalis fringed bracon is parasitized when parasitizing the host chilo suppressalis, namely that the chilo suppressalis fringed bracon parasitizes and lays eggs for many times on the chilo suppressalis, so that a plurality of parasitic wasp larvae which are dead due to abnormal development caused by seed competition are left in the host, and only a few larvae can be copulated. Therefore, when the male-female ratio is 5:3, because the number of the female bees in the test tube is large and the multi-head female bees can perform multiple egg-laying parasitism on the chilo suppressalis, the male-female ratio is the largest in the consumption of the parasitism bees, and the parasitism efficiency is not as good as that of the male-female ratio 2:1 under the same consumption of the parasitism bees.
Finally, selecting the sex ratio of 2:1 as the breeding parasitic proportion of the indoor Chilo suppressalis cocoon bee for the following main reasons: (1) the parasitism rate and cocoon yield are not the highest of the three treatments, but are not much different from the highest. (2) Compared with a 5:3 male-female ratio, the ratio is smaller than the consumption of bees, is only one third of the ratio of a 5:3 treatment group, can simultaneously parasitize 3 chilo suppressalis larvae under the same parasitic bee number, and has smaller excessive parasitization probability. (3) Compared with a male-female ratio of 1:1, the parasitic success rate of two female bees is higher, the number of spawning times is more, the cocoons are meshed out more, and the breeding efficiency of the striped rice borer cocoon braconid bees is higher. Therefore, in summary, the ratio of parasitic males and females finally selected during the laboratory rearing process was set to 2: 1.
Claims (5)
1. An indoor propagation method of chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bees is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) placing chilo suppressalis larvae of 4-5 ages into a parasitic test tube indoors, then placing three chilo suppressalis discodermius gifuensis with the male-female ratio of 2:1, sealing the opening of the parasitic test tube after placing nutrient solution, covering the parasitic test tube with black cloth, and parasitizing for 6-12 hours;
(2) taking out the parasitic chilo suppressalis from the test tube, then putting the parasitic chilo suppressalis into the test tube, and repeating the steps until the chilo suppressalis are completely killed;
(3) the taken-out chilo suppressalis parasitized are placed in a feeding bottle in groups, chilo suppressalis artificial feed is placed at the bottom, and the feeding bottle mouth is sealed by black cloth.
2. The indoor propagation method of Chilo suppressalis cocoon bee according to claim 1, characterized in that part of the Chilo suppressalis cocoon bee dies, and Chilo suppressalis cocoon bee survival in different test tubes can be combined to ensure that each test tube contains three Chilo suppressalis cocoon bee with a male-female ratio of 2: 1.
3. The indoor propagation method of chilo suppressalis fringed cocoon bees, according to the claim 1, characterized in that the nutrient solution in the step (2) is honey water, the honey water is soaked in cotton threads, and the cotton threads are put on the test tube wall of a parasitic test tube.
4. The indoor propagation method of chilo suppressalis fringed bracon hebetor according to claim 1, wherein the indoor temperature in step (1) is maintained at 27 ± 1 ℃, and the light-to-dark ratio is 16:8, light intensity 1200 lux.
5. The indoor propagation method of Chilo suppressalis cocoon bee, according to the claim 5, characterized in that the feeding bottle is simultaneously filled with absorbent paper to prevent overhigh humidity.
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Cited By (1)
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