CN110612868A

CN110612868A - Organic strawberry planting method

Info

Publication number: CN110612868A
Application number: CN201911023680.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨亿; 彭嘉敏; 杨欢; 张兴章; 杨清波
Original assignee: Hainan Gongyiyuan Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hainan Gongyiyuan Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-25
Filing date: 2019-10-25
Publication date: 2019-12-27

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method of organic strawberries, which comprises the steps of seed soaking, organic fertilizer preparation, organic nutrient solution preparation, lawn land fertilization, ridging and pipe burying, field planting management and the like.

Description

Organic strawberry planting method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of crop planting, relates to a planting method of high-yield organic crops, and particularly relates to a planting method of organic strawberries.

Background

The strawberry is a perennial herb and is small berry with higher economic value, and the fruit is soft and juicy, has proper sour and sweet taste, rich nutrition, beautiful appearance and strong fragrance, so the strawberry is favored in domestic and foreign markets and is praised as 'fruit queen'.

At present, the strawberry is planted in soil, the requirement is high, frequent soil loosening, fertilization and irrigation are needed, and the water evaporation amount is huge due to loose soil; meanwhile, the stable manure is deposited in the soil, which is not beneficial to controlling the fertilizer amount of the strawberries, and is particularly inconvenient to adjust the fertilizer composition according to specific requirements in each growth process of the strawberries; moreover, too much fertilizer is applied, which causes soil hardening and is not beneficial to the growth of strawberries. In addition, the soil also contains a large amount of bacteria which cause damage to the growth of the strawberries, so that pesticides are required to be sprayed for control, and meanwhile, in order to improve the yield of the strawberries and advance the maturation time, people usually use a large amount of fertilizers, pesticides and hormones when planting the strawberries. Strawberry fruits produced under the environmental conditions of fertilizers, pesticides and hormones have serious influence on the health of people.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a planting method of organic strawberries, and the strawberries produced by the planting method are pollution-free, high in yield, safer after being eaten and healthier.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for planting the organic strawberries comprises the following steps:

(1) seed soaking:

selecting plump strawberry seeds, and soaking the strawberry seeds in mung bean and garlic active water for 8-15 hours; the mung bean and garlic active water is obtained by soaking mung beans, grinding and taking liquid, and uniformly mixing garlic juice and active water;

(2) preparing an organic fertilizer:

a. mixing soybean cakes, rapeseed cakes, peanut cakes, corn cakes, animal bone meal, cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung, plant straws and plant ash, and adding water to ensure that the water content is 70-80 percent to obtain an organic mixture;

b. drying the waste strawberry branches and leaves at a high temperature of 40-65 ℃ in the sun, controlling the water content to be less than or equal to 5%, then crushing, and sieving with a 100-200-mesh sieve to obtain strawberry branch and leaf powder;

c. putting the organic mixture, the strawberry branch and leaf powder and the coconut water into a fermentation tank with a stirrer, stirring and mixing, then stirring and mixing again at the temperature of 50-65 ℃ for 5-7 days in a filial piety, fermenting for 5-7 days, and continuously stirring, mixing and fermenting for 4-5 times to obtain an organic fertilizer;

(3) preparing an organic nutrient solution:

a. mixing soybean cakes, bean dregs, rapeseed cakes, peanut cakes, corn cakes, cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung, bean stalks of leguminosae and plant ash, adding water with the weight of 5-7 times, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic fertilizer;

b. crushing strawberry, uniformly stirring 50-80 parts of water, 2-8 parts of brown sugar, 15-25 parts of strawberry and 10-20 parts of pure milk, and performing sealed fermentation for 2-4 months to obtain strawberry fermentation liquor;

c. uniformly mixing an organic fertilizer, strawberry fruit fermentation liquor, strawberry branch and leaf powder and coconut pulp residues, sterilizing at 45-60 ℃ for 20-24 hours, then cooling to 25-28 ℃ for 15-30 days to generate filial pies to obtain an organic fermentation product, adding water for dilution, and taking a filtrate to obtain an organic nutrient solution; wherein the organic fermentation product: the weight ratio of water is 1: 10-30;

(4) fertilizing on a lawn land: after a sandy soil terrace with high terrain is selected, the prepared organic fertilizer is uniformly spread on the ground for the first time according to 1500-2000 jin per mu and then ploughed to the depth of 200-300 mm, and is continuously ploughed twice according to 1000-1500 jin per mu and then ploughed to the depth of 300mm for the second time, so that the organic fertilizer is uniformly distributed in the soil;

(5) ridging and pipe burying: a plurality of soil ridges are formed, the soil ridges are semicircular, and the distance between every two ridges is 200-300 mm; burying a vent pipe with the diameter of 100-110 mm in the middle of the bottom of each soil ridge, burying a plurality of water and fertilizer supply pipes with the diameter of 20-30 mm at the position 80-100 mm below the surface of each soil ridge, and uniformly drilling a plurality of small holes on the vent pipe and the water and fertilizer supply pipes;

(6) covering the prepared soil ridge with a plastic film to preserve heat, moisture and fertility; the temperature of the soil ridge is controlled to be 45-48 ℃ by utilizing solar energy, a vent pipe and a water and fertilizer supply pipe, and the time is not less than 12 hours, so that the aims of disinfecting, sterilizing and killing insects of the soil are fulfilled;

(7) and (3) field planting management:

a. selecting healthy and healthy disease-free strawberry seedlings, planting 4-5 rows in each soil ridge, wherein the row spacing is 200-240 mm, and the plant spacing is 250-300 mm; cultivating in ten days of 9 months, planting until the root is exposed, and watering the root for fixing; if the sun is big in sunny days, 5 points of water are needed to be poured once every day; growing new roots in 3-5 days, detecting the soil humidity by using a soil humidity detector, and if the soil humidity is less than 70% -80%, supplying water by using a water supply pipe to maintain the soil humidity required by the growth of the strawberries; after 7-10 days, the prepared organic nutrient solution is conveyed to the soil ridge through a water and fertilizer supply pipe, and the organic nutrient solution is supplied for the first time 10-20 days later, wherein the concentration of the organic nutrient solution is increased along with the increase of the strawberry seedlings; observing the soil humidity and the growth vigor of the strawberry seedlings every day, and supplying nutrient solution in time;

b. flowering and fruiting can be carried out 50-60 days after the strawberry seedlings are planted, flower buds and grape stems need to be combed and removed in time in the early stage, and the flowers and the fruits are reserved when the strawberry seedlings grow to 300-400 mm; keeping 4-5 early and strong flowers each time in the flowering period, removing weak flowers, removing small fruits and malformed fruits after fruit setting, keeping 3-4 fruits each time, and taking 25-35 days from the flowering result to maturity;

c. spraying lime water with the concentration of 0.5% for sterilization 10-15 days before the result, and additionally installing an ultraviolet disinfection lamp and a mosquito and fly killing lamp; and spraying a promoting liquid once 12-15 days after the result, wherein the promoting liquid is prepared by mixing 0.3% of salt solution, 0.5% of pepper seed soaking liquid, 0.5% of honey liquid and 0.5% of glucose liquid.

Further, in the preparation of the mung bean and garlic active water filtrate, the weight ratio of mung beans to garlic to active water is 1: 1: 100.

further, the mung bean soaking and grinding liquid is prepared by soaking mung beans in 95-100 ℃ boiled water for 3-5 minutes, then mixing 10-20 times of warm boiled water and mung beans by weight, grinding the mixture into thick liquid, filtering the thick liquid, and then obtaining filtrate, wherein the weight ratio of mung beans to boiled water is 1: 2.

further, the garlic juice is obtained by squeezing garlic to obtain juice.

Further, the organic mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of soybean cake, 6-8 parts of rapeseed cake, 8-10 parts of peanut cake, 8-10 parts of corn cake, 6-8 parts of animal bone meal, 6-8 parts of cow dung, 6-8 parts of pig dung, 8-10 parts of chicken dung, 25-30 parts of plant straw and 8-10 parts of plant ash.

Further, the weight ratio of the organic mixture, the strawberry branch and leaf powder and the coconut water is 1-5: 1: 0.5.

further, the organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of soybean cake, 8-10 parts of bean dregs, 8-10 parts of rapeseed cake, 8-10 parts of peanut cake, 8-10 parts of corn cake, 8-10 parts of cow dung, 8-10 parts of pig dung, 8-10 parts of chicken dung, 20-30 parts of leguminous straw and 15-20 parts of plant ash.

Further, the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer to the strawberry fruit fermentation liquor to the strawberry branch and leaf powder to the coconut pulp residue is 2-5: 1-3: 1: 1.

furthermore, the width of the soil ridge is 800mm, and the height of the soil ridge is 400 mm.

Further, the weight ratio of 0.3% saline solution, 0.5% pepper seed soaking solution, 0.5% honey solution and 0.5% glucose solution is 1: 1: 1: 1.

the planting method of the organic strawberries has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention does not apply fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is prepared according to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and various microelements required by crops in the growth process, the application amount of the organic fertilizer and the organic nutrient solution can completely meet the requirement of the highest yield, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer, the growth hormone and the erythrogenin are not required to be sprayed.

2. The invention has the advantages that the soil and the fertilizer are sterilized and killed by high temperature, the planted strawberries grow strongly, have strong disease resistance and insect resistance, do not need to be sprayed with pesticide and hormone, and save time and cost.

3. The invention uses the mixture of mung bean soak solution, garlic juice and active water to soak seeds, has strong disinfection and sterilization effects and promotes germination rate.

4. According to the invention, the organic mixture, the strawberry branch and leaf powder and the coconut water are used for fermentation, the organic fertilizer is rapidly fermented under the condition that no strain is added, and the fermented organic fertilizer has high nutrient content.

5. The organic strawberries produced by the natural organic fertilizer are quick in growth and early in maturation, can mature 5-10 days in advance, are large in size, can weigh 30-50 g for each single strawberry, weigh 5-15 g for each single strawberry compared with the traditional strawberries, and are high in yield. The sugar content can reach 7-8%, the color of the strawberry is red and bright, the content of various nutrient components such as vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin C, calcium, zinc, sodium and the like is higher than that of the common planted strawberry, and the strawberry disclosed by the invention is strong in fragrance, good in taste and very rich in nutrition. The food is safer and healthier after being eaten by people.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the layout of soil banks, air pipes and water and fertilizer supply pipes in the planting method of organic strawberries;

in the figure: 1. a plastic film; 2. strawberry plants; 3. a water and fertilizer supply pipe; 4. a breather pipe; 5. a plant straw layer; 6. an aisle; 7. and (6) forming a soil ridge.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The planting method of the organic strawberries comprises the following steps:

(1) seed soaking:

selecting plump strawberry seeds, and soaking in mung bean and garlic active water for 10 hours; the mung bean and garlic active water is obtained by soaking mung beans, grinding and taking liquid, and uniformly mixing garlic juice and active water; the weight ratio of the mung bean to the garlic to the active water is 1: 1: 100, respectively; the mung bean soaking and grinding liquid is prepared by soaking mung beans in 95 ℃ boiled water for 3 minutes, mixing 10 times of warm boiled water and mung beans, grinding into thick liquid, filtering, and taking filtrate, wherein the weight ratio of mung beans to boiled water is 1: 2; the garlic juice is obtained by squeezing garlic to obtain juice;

(2) preparing an organic fertilizer:

a. mixing 8 parts of soybean cake, 6 parts of rapeseed cake, 8 parts of peanut cake, 8 parts of corn cake, 6 parts of animal bone meal, 6 parts of cow dung, 6 parts of pig dung, 8 parts of chicken dung, 25 parts of plant straw and 8 parts of plant ash, adding water to enable the water content to be 70%, and obtaining an organic mixture;

b. drying the waste strawberry branches and leaves (the waste strawberry branches and leaves in other planting modes) at high temperature of 40 ℃ in the sun, controlling the water content to be less than or equal to 5%, then crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain strawberry branch and leaf powder;

c. mixing the organic mixture, the strawberry branch and leaf powder and the coconut water, putting the mixture into a fermentation tank with a stirrer, stirring and mixing the mixture, then carrying out filial generation for 5 days at the temperature of 50 ℃, and putting the mixture into the fermentation tank for fermentation for 7 days to obtain an organic fertilizer; the weight ratio of the organic mixture, the strawberry branch and leaf powder and the coconut water is 1: 1: 0.5.

(3) preparing an organic nutrient solution:

a. mixing 8 parts of soybean cake, 8 parts of bean dregs, 8 parts of rapeseed cake, 8 parts of peanut cake, 8 parts of corn cake, 8 parts of cow dung, 8 parts of pig dung, 8 parts of chicken dung, 20 parts of leguminous straw and 15 parts of plant ash, adding 5 times of water by weight, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic fertilizer;

b. crushing strawberry fruits (the existing strawberry fruits), uniformly stirring 50 parts of water, 2 parts of brown sugar, 15 parts of strawberry fruits and 10 parts of pure milk, and sealing and fermenting for 2 months to obtain strawberry fruit fermentation liquor;

c. uniformly mixing an organic fertilizer, strawberry fruit fermentation liquor, strawberry branch and leaf powder and coconut pulp residues, sterilizing at 45 ℃ for 20 hours, cooling to 25 ℃ to generate filial piety for 15 days to obtain an organic fermented substance, adding water for dilution, and taking a filtrate to obtain an organic nutrient solution; wherein the organic fermentation product: the weight ratio of water is 1: 10; the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer to the strawberry fruit fermentation liquor to the strawberry branch and leaf powder to the coconut pulp residue is 3: 1: 1: 1.

(4) fertilizing on a lawn land: after selecting a sandy soil terrace with high terrain, uniformly spreading 1500 jin of the prepared organic fertilizer on the ground for the first time, ploughing the organic fertilizer to a depth of 200mm, and uniformly spreading 1000 jin of the organic fertilizer on the ground for the second time, continuously ploughing the organic fertilizer twice, wherein the ploughing depth is 300mm, so that the organic fertilizer is uniformly distributed in the soil;

(5) ridging and pipe burying: a plurality of soil ridges are formed, the soil ridges are semicircular, and the distance between every two ridges is 200 mm; burying a vent pipe with the diameter of 100mm in the middle of the bottom of each soil ridge, burying a plurality of water and fertilizer supply pipes with the diameter of 20mm at the position 80mm below the surface of each soil ridge, and uniformly drilling a plurality of small holes on the vent pipe and the water and fertilizer supply pipes; the purpose of ridging is to increase the surface area and thus increase the yield per mu. The method comprises the following steps: the ridge is 800mm in width and 400mm in height, and is semicircular, so that the surface area can be increased by 30%. The purpose of pipe burying is to ventilate and supply fertilizer and control soil temperature, so that the soil is good in ventilation, the root system of the underground part grows vigorously, the absorbed nutrients are abundant, the overground part grows robustly, and the disease resistance and insect resistance are strong.

(6) Covering the prepared soil ridge with a plastic film to preserve heat, moisture and fertility; the temperature of the soil ridge is controlled to be 45 ℃ by utilizing solar energy, the air pipe and the water and fertilizer supply pipe, and the time is not less than 12 hours, so as to achieve the purposes of disinfection, sterilization and disinsection;

(7) and (3) field planting management:

a. selecting healthy and healthy disease-free strawberry seedlings, planting 4 rows in each soil ridge, wherein the row spacing is 200mm, and the plant spacing is 250 mm; cultivating in ten days of 9 months, planting until the root is exposed, and watering the root for fixing; if the sun is big in sunny days, 5 points of water are needed to be poured once every day; growing new roots in 3 days, detecting the soil humidity by using a soil humidity detector, and if the soil humidity is less than 70%, supplying water by using a water supply pipe to maintain the soil humidity required by the growth of the strawberries; after 7 days, the prepared organic nutrient solution is conveyed to the soil ridge through a water and fertilizer supply pipe, and the organic nutrient solution is supplied for one time in the next 10 days, wherein the concentration of the organic nutrient solution is increased along with the increase of the strawberry seedlings; observing the soil humidity and the growth vigor of the strawberry seedlings every day, and supplying nutrient solution in time;

b. flowering and fruiting can be carried out 50 days after the strawberry seedlings are planted, flower buds and grape stems need to be combed and removed in time in the early stage, and the flowers and the fruits are reserved when the strawberry seedlings grow to 300 mm; keeping 4 early and strong flowers each time in the flowering period, removing weak flowers, removing small fruits and malformed fruits after fruit setting, keeping 3 fruits each time, and taking 25 days from flowering to maturing;

c. spraying 0.5% lime water 10 days before the fruit is sterilized, and installing ultraviolet sterilizing lamp and mosquito and fly killing lamp; spraying promoting liquid once 12 days after the result, wherein the promoting liquid is prepared by mixing 0.3% saline solution, 0.5% pepper seed soaking liquid, 0.5% honey liquid and 0.5% glucose liquid. The weight ratio of 0.3% of saline solution, 0.5% of pepper seed soaking liquid, 0.5% of honey liquid and 0.5% of glucose liquid is 1: 1: 1: 1.

example 2

The planting method of the organic strawberries comprises the following steps:

(1) seed soaking:

selecting plump strawberry seeds, and soaking the strawberry seeds in mung bean and garlic active water for 15 hours; the mung bean and garlic active water is obtained by soaking mung beans, grinding and taking liquid, and uniformly mixing garlic juice and active water; the weight ratio of the mung bean to the garlic to the active water is 1: 1: 100. the mung bean soaking and grinding liquid is prepared by soaking mung beans in 100 ℃ boiled water for 5 minutes, filtering, mixing boiled water 15 times of the amount of the mung beans and grinding the mixture into thick liquid, filtering, and taking a filtrate, wherein the weight ratio of the mung beans to the boiled water is 1: 2. the garlic juice is obtained by squeezing garlic to obtain juice.

(2) Preparing an organic fertilizer:

a. mixing 8 parts of soybean cake, 8 parts of rapeseed cake, 9 parts of peanut cake, 9 parts of corn cake, 8 parts of animal bone meal, 7 parts of cow dung, 7 parts of pig dung, 9 parts of chicken dung, 28 parts of plant straw and 9 parts of plant ash, adding water to enable the water content to be 75%, and obtaining an organic mixture;

b. drying the waste strawberry branches and leaves at a high temperature of 50 ℃ in the sun, controlling the water content to be less than or equal to 5 percent, then crushing, and sieving by a 150-mesh sieve to obtain strawberry branch and leaf powder;

c. putting the organic mixture, the strawberry branch and leaf powder and the coconut water into a fermentation tank with a stirrer, stirring and mixing, then carrying out filial generation for 7 days at the temperature of 60 ℃, stirring and mixing again, fermenting for 5 days, and continuously stirring, mixing and fermenting for 4 times to obtain an organic fertilizer; the weight ratio of the organic mixture, the strawberry branch and leaf powder and the coconut water is 2: 1: 0.5.

(3) preparing an organic nutrient solution:

a. mixing 9 parts of soybean cake, 8 parts of bean dregs, 9 parts of rapeseed cake, 9 parts of peanut cake, 9 parts of corn cake, 9 parts of cow dung, 8 parts of pig dung, 9 parts of chicken dung, 25 parts of leguminous straw and 18 parts of plant ash, adding 6 times of water by weight, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic fertilizer;

b. crushing strawberry fruits, uniformly stirring 60 parts of water, 5 parts of brown sugar, 20 parts of strawberry fruits and 15 parts of pure milk, and sealing and fermenting for 3 months to obtain strawberry fruit fermentation liquor;

c. uniformly mixing an organic fertilizer, strawberry fruit fermentation liquor, strawberry branch and leaf powder and coconut pulp residues, sterilizing at 50 ℃ for 22 hours, cooling to 26 ℃ to generate filial piety for 20 days to obtain an organic fermented substance, adding water for dilution, and taking a filtrate to obtain an organic nutrient solution; wherein the organic fermentation product: the weight ratio of water is 1: 20; the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer to the strawberry fruit fermentation liquor to the strawberry branch and leaf powder to the coconut pulp residue is 3: 2: 1: 1.

(4) fertilizing on a lawn land: after selecting a sandy soil terrace with high terrain, uniformly spreading 2000 jin of the prepared organic fertilizer on the ground for the first time, ploughing the organic fertilizer to 300mm deep, and uniformly spreading 1500 jin of the organic fertilizer on the ground for the second time, continuously ploughing the organic fertilizer twice, wherein the ploughing depth is 300mm, so that the organic fertilizer is uniformly distributed in the soil;

(5) ridging and pipe burying: a plurality of soil ridges are formed, the soil ridges are semicircular, and the distance between every two ridges is 300 mm; burying a vent pipe with the diameter of 110mm in the middle of the bottom of each soil ridge, burying a plurality of water and fertilizer supply pipes with the diameter of 30mm at the position of 100mm below the surface of each soil ridge, and uniformly drilling a plurality of small holes on the surfaces of the vent pipe and the water and fertilizer supply pipes;

(6) covering the prepared soil ridge with a plastic film to preserve heat, moisture and fertility; the temperature of the soil ridge is controlled to be 48 ℃ by utilizing solar energy, the air pipe and the water and fertilizer supply pipe, and the time is not less than 12 hours, so as to achieve the purposes of disinfection, sterilization and disinsection;

(7) and (3) field planting management:

a. selecting healthy and healthy disease-free strawberry seedlings, planting 4 rows in each soil ridge, wherein the row spacing is 240mm, and the plant spacing is 300 mm; cultivating in ten days of 9 months, planting until the root is exposed, and watering the root for fixing; if the sun is big in sunny days, 5 points of water are needed to be poured once every day; growing new roots in 5 days, detecting the soil humidity by using a soil humidity detector, and if the soil humidity is less than 80%, supplying water by using a water supply pipe to maintain the soil humidity required by the growth of the strawberries; after 8 days, the prepared organic nutrient solution is conveyed to the soil ridge through a water and fertilizer supply pipe, and the organic nutrient solution is supplied for one time in 15 days later, wherein the concentration of the organic nutrient solution is increased along with the increase of the strawberry seedlings; observing the soil humidity and the growth vigor of the strawberry seedlings every day, and supplying nutrient solution in time;

b. flowering and fruiting can be realized 55 days after the strawberry seedlings are planted, flower buds and grape stems need to be combed and removed in time in the early stage, and the flowers and the fruits are reserved when the strawberry seedlings grow to 350 mm; 5 early and strong flowers are reserved in the flowering period each time, weak flowers are removed by combing, small fruits and malformed fruits are removed by combing after fruit setting, 4 fruits are reserved each time, and 30 days are required for flowering and fruiting to maturity;

c. spraying 0.5% lime water 12 days before sterilization, and installing ultraviolet sterilizing lamp and mosquito and fly killing lamp; spraying a promoting liquid 15 days after the result, wherein the promoting liquid is prepared by mixing 0.3% of salt solution, 0.5% of pepper seed soaking liquid, 0.5% of honey liquid and 0.5% of glucose liquid; the weight ratio of 0.3% of saline solution, 0.5% of pepper seed soaking liquid, 0.5% of honey liquid and 0.5% of glucose liquid is 1: 1: 1: 1.

example 3

The planting method of the organic strawberries comprises the following steps:

(1) seed soaking:

selecting plump strawberry seeds, and soaking the strawberry seeds in mung bean and garlic active water for 15 hours; the mung bean and garlic active water is obtained by soaking mung beans, grinding and taking liquid, and uniformly mixing garlic juice and active water; in the preparation of the mung bean and garlic active water filtrate, the weight ratio of mung bean, garlic and active water is 1: 1: 100. the mung bean soaking and grinding liquid is prepared by soaking mung beans in 100 ℃ boiled water for 5 minutes, mixing 20 times of the weight of the boiled water with the mung beans, grinding the mixture into thick liquid, filtering the thick liquid, and taking a filtrate, wherein the weight ratio of the mung beans to the boiled water is 1: 2. the garlic juice is obtained by squeezing garlic to obtain juice.

(2) Preparing an organic fertilizer:

a. mixing 10 parts of soybean cake, 8 parts of rapeseed cake, 10 parts of peanut cake, 10 parts of corn cake, 8 parts of animal bone meal, 8 parts of cow dung, 8 parts of pig dung, 10 parts of chicken dung, 30 parts of plant straw and 10 parts of plant ash, adding water to enable the water content to be 80%, and obtaining an organic mixture;

b. drying the waste strawberry branches and leaves at a high temperature of 65 ℃ in the sun, controlling the water content to be less than or equal to 5 percent, then crushing, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain strawberry branch and leaf powder;

c. mixing the organic mixture, the strawberry branch and leaf powder and the coconut water, sealing the filial piety at 65 ℃ for 7 days, and then putting the mixture into a fermentation tank for fermentation for 5 days to obtain an organic fertilizer; the weight ratio of the organic mixture, the strawberry branch and leaf powder and the coconut water is 5: 1: 0.5.

(3) preparing an organic nutrient solution:

a. mixing 10 parts of soybean cake, 10 parts of bean dregs, 10 parts of rapeseed cake, 10 parts of peanut cake, 10 parts of corn cake, 10 parts of cow dung, 10 parts of pig dung, 10 parts of chicken dung, 30 parts of leguminous straw and 20 parts of plant ash, adding 7 times of water by weight, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic fertilizer;

b. crushing strawberry fruits, uniformly stirring 80 parts of water, 8 parts of brown sugar, 25 parts of strawberry fruits and 10 parts of pure milk, and sealing and fermenting for 4 months to obtain strawberry fruit fermentation liquor;

c. uniformly mixing an organic fertilizer, strawberry fruit fermentation liquor, strawberry branch and leaf powder and coconut pulp residues, sterilizing at 60 ℃ for 24 hours, cooling to 28 ℃ to generate filial piety for 30 days to obtain an organic fermented substance, adding water for dilution, and taking a filtrate to obtain an organic nutrient solution; wherein the organic fermentation product: the weight ratio of water is 1: 30, of a nitrogen-containing gas; the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer to the strawberry fruit fermentation liquor to the strawberry branch and leaf powder to the coconut pulp residue is 5: 3: 1: 1.

(4) fertilizing on a lawn land: after selecting a sandy soil terrace with high terrain, uniformly spreading 2000 jin of the prepared organic fertilizer on the ground for the first time, ploughing the organic fertilizer to 300mm deep, and uniformly spreading 1000 jin of the organic fertilizer on the ground for the second time, continuously ploughing the organic fertilizer twice, wherein the ploughing depth is 300mm, so that the organic fertilizer is uniformly distributed in the soil;

(5) ridging and pipe burying: a plurality of soil ridges are formed, the soil ridges are semicircular, and the distance between every two ridges is 300 mm; burying a vent pipe with the diameter of 110mm in the middle of the bottom of each soil ridge, burying a plurality of water and fertilizer supply pipes with the diameter of 30mm at the position of 100mm below the surface of each soil ridge, and uniformly drilling a plurality of small holes on the vent pipe and the water and fertilizer supply pipes;

(7) and (3) field planting management:

a. selecting healthy and healthy disease-free strawberry seedlings, planting 4 rows in each soil ridge, wherein the row spacing is 240mm, and the plant spacing is 300 mm; cultivating in ten days of 9 months, planting until the root is exposed, and watering the root for fixing; if the sun is big in sunny days, 5 points of water are needed to be poured once every day; growing new roots in 5 days, detecting the soil humidity by using a soil humidity detector, and if the soil humidity is less than 80%, supplying water by using a water supply pipe to maintain the soil humidity required by the growth of the strawberries; after 10 days, the prepared organic nutrient solution is conveyed to the soil ridge through a water and fertilizer supply pipe, and the organic nutrient solution is supplied once in the next 20 days, wherein the concentration of the organic nutrient solution is increased along with the increase of the strawberry seedlings; observing the soil humidity and the growth vigor of the strawberry seedlings every day, and supplying nutrient solution in time;

b. flowering and fruiting can be carried out 60 days after the strawberry seedlings are planted, flower buds and grape stems need to be combed and removed in time in the early stage, and the flowers and the fruits are reserved when the strawberry seedlings grow to 400 mm; 5 early and strong flowers are reserved in the flowering period each time, weak flowers are removed by combing, small fruits and malformed fruits are removed by combing after fruit setting, 4 fruits are reserved each time, and 35 days are required for flowering and fruiting to maturity;

c. spraying 0.5% lime water 15 days before sterilization, and installing ultraviolet sterilizing lamp and mosquito and fly killing lamp; spraying promoting liquid once 15 days after the result, wherein the promoting liquid is prepared by mixing 0.3% saline solution, 0.5% pepper seed soaking liquid, 0.5% honey liquid and 0.5% glucose liquid. The weight ratio of 0.3% of saline solution, 0.5% of pepper seed soaking liquid, 0.5% of honey liquid and 0.5% of glucose liquid is 1: 1: 1: 1.

as shown in figure 1, the planting method of the organic strawberries comprises the semicircular soil ridges 7, and the semicircular soil ridges 7 are used for increasing the surface area, so that the acre yield can be improved. The water and fertilizer supply pipes 3 are arranged in the semicircular soil ridge, the number of the water and fertilizer supply pipes 3 is 4, not only can labor and time be saved, but also water and fertilizer can be saved, and the water and fertilizer can be supplied to the place needed by the root. A vent pipe 4 is embedded in the middle of the bottom of the soil ridge 3, a plant straw layer 5 is arranged on the outer layer of the vent pipe 4, the plant straw layer 5 increases the ventilation effect in the soil, and the soil is prevented from blocking small holes in the vent pipe. A plurality of small holes are uniformly drilled on the surfaces of the water and fertilizer supply pipe 3 and the air pipe 4 so as to facilitate water and air ventilation, the water and fertilizer supply pipe 3 is uniformly buried at a position 100mm below the surface of a soil ridge so as to ensure uniform water and fertilizer, one end of the water and fertilizer supply pipe 3 is sealed by a plug, a water suction pump is arranged at the other end of the water and fertilizer supply pipe, and the water suction pump can play the role of the permeability of water and fertilizer supply. One end of the water pump is connected with organic nutrient solution. Covering a plastic film 1 on the prepared soil ridge, wherein the plastic film 1 plays a role in heat preservation, water retention and fertilizer preservation, and planting strawberry plants 2 on a semicircular soil ridge 3, and the distance between the ridge and the ridge (passage 6) is 200-300 mm.

Comparative test

1. Comparison of germination rates

Compared with the traditional strawberry planting technology, the method disclosed by the invention uses mung bean soaking solution, garlic juice and active water which are uniformly mixed to obtain mung bean and garlic active water soaking seeds, and the traditional strawberry planting technology uses water soaking (a control group); soaking the seeds and putting the seeds in soil for accelerating germination; 100 seeds were sown for each treatment, and after 20 days of sowing, the germination rates of the seeds were observed, and the average data were counted, and the results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 comparison of germination rates for different soaking modes

Group of	Number of sprouts	Percentage of germination (%)
			Example 1	86	86
Example 2	83	83
			Example 3	92	92
Control group	46	46

As can be seen from Table 1, the germination rates of the active water seed soaking of mung bean and garlic in the three examples of the invention are much higher than that of the pure water seed soaking, and the difference is very obvious. The result shows that the germination rate of the strawberries can be obviously improved by adopting the active water seed soaking of the mung beans and the garlic.

2. Comparison of morphological indexes of strawberries by different fertilizers and organic nutrient solutions

Control group: deep ploughing by adopting a traditional organic fertilizer and calcium superphosphate, applying a diammonium phosphate solution and spraying monopotassium phosphate in a full-bearing period; the comparative parameters are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 comparison of strawberry parameters obtained by conventional cultivation and cultivation method of the present invention

As can be seen from Table 2, the strawberry cultivated by the embodiment of the invention has better parameters than the strawberry cultivated by the conventional method.

The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The planting method of the organic strawberries is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) seed soaking:

(2) preparing an organic fertilizer:

(3) preparing an organic nutrient solution:

(5) ridging and pipe burying: a plurality of soil ridges are formed, the soil ridges are semicircular, and the distance between every two ridges is 200-300 mm; burying a vent pipe with the diameter of 100-110 mm in the middle of the bottom of each soil ridge, burying a plurality of water and fertilizer supply pipes with the diameter of 20-30 mm at the position 80-100 mm below the surface of each soil ridge, and uniformly drilling a plurality of small holes on the surfaces of the vent pipe and the water and fertilizer supply pipes;

(7) and (3) field planting management:

2. The method for planting organic strawberries according to claim 1, wherein: in the preparation of the mung bean and garlic active water filtrate, the weight ratio of mung beans to garlic to active water is 1: 1: 100.

3. the method for planting organic strawberries according to claim 1, wherein: the mung bean soaking and grinding liquid is prepared by soaking mung beans in 95-100 ℃ boiled water for 3-5 minutes, mixing 10-20 times of warm boiled water and mung beans, grinding into thick liquid, filtering, and taking a filtrate, wherein the weight ratio of mung beans to boiled water is 1: 2.

4. the method for planting organic strawberries according to claim 1, wherein: the garlic juice is obtained by squeezing garlic to obtain juice.

5. The method for planting organic strawberries according to claim 1, wherein: the organic mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of soybean cake, 6-8 parts of rapeseed cake, 8-10 parts of peanut cake, 8-10 parts of corn cake, 6-8 parts of animal bone meal, 6-8 parts of cow dung, 6-8 parts of pig dung, 8-10 parts of chicken dung, 25-30 parts of plant straw and 8-10 parts of plant ash.

6. The method for planting organic strawberries according to claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of the organic mixture to the strawberry branch and leaf powder to the coconut water is 1-5: 1: 0.5.

7. the method for planting organic strawberries according to claim 1, wherein: the organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-10 parts of soybean cake, 8-10 parts of bean dregs, 8-10 parts of rapeseed cake, 8-10 parts of peanut cake, 8-10 parts of corn cake, 8-10 parts of cow dung, 8-10 parts of pig dung, 8-10 parts of chicken dung, 20-30 parts of leguminous straw and 15-20 parts of plant ash.

8. The method for planting organic strawberries according to claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of the organic fertilizer to the strawberry fruit fermentation liquid to the strawberry branch and leaf powder to the coconut pulp residue is 2-5: 1-3: 1: 1.

9. the method for planting organic strawberries according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the soil ridge is 800mm, and the height of the soil ridge is 400 mm.

10. The method for planting organic strawberries according to claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of 0.3% of saline solution, 0.5% of pepper seed soaking liquid, 0.5% of honey liquid and 0.5% of glucose liquid is 1: 1: 1: 1.