CN110284256B - Three-dimensional weaving method of variable-density fabric in thickness direction - Google Patents
Three-dimensional weaving method of variable-density fabric in thickness direction Download PDFInfo
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- CN110284256B CN110284256B CN201910367177.8A CN201910367177A CN110284256B CN 110284256 B CN110284256 B CN 110284256B CN 201910367177 A CN201910367177 A CN 201910367177A CN 110284256 B CN110284256 B CN 110284256B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04C—BRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
- D04C1/00—Braid or lace, e.g. pillow-lace; Processes for the manufacture thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional weaving method of a variable-density fabric along the thickness direction, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the three-dimensional weaving method comprises the following steps: based on a three-dimensional four-step weaving method, the weaving yarns are divided into inner layer weaving yarns and encrypted outer layer weaving yarns, and the positions of the inner layer weaving yarns and the positions of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns are sequentially exchanged, so that the fiber part and the non-encrypted part of the encrypted layer are woven together. The three-dimensional weaving method is based on a three-dimensional four-step weaving method, the weaving yarns are divided into the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns, the positions of the yarns of the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns are sequentially exchanged, the fiber part of the encrypted layer and the non-encrypted part are woven together, and the yarns of all layers are tightly connected in a yarn exchanging mode of the inner layer and the outer layer, so that the attractiveness of a woven piece can be kept, the integrity of the woven piece can be ensured, and the mechanical damage is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional weaving composite materials, in particular to a three-dimensional weaving method of a variable-density fabric along the thickness direction.
Background
At present, composite materials are widely applied to various industries, and particularly in the field of aerospace, the proportion of the composite materials is increasing. The three-dimensional braided composite material has become a new favorite in various fields by virtue of the advantages of good integrity, capability of realizing integrated molding of complex parts, difficulty in layering, excellent mechanical property and the like.
Most of materials adopted by the three-dimensional weaving technology are high-performance fibers such as carbon fibers, aramid fibers, silicon carbide, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and the like, the fibers are excellent in strength modulus and the like, but generally have the defect of high rigidity, and are easy to break after being worn for many times, and particularly in places with large thicknesses, warping is difficult to achieve, the abrasion phenomenon is serious, and the influence on the overall performance of a woven part is great. Meanwhile, when weaving a special-shaped piece with a complex shape, the densities in different thickness directions may be different, and the difficulty of weaving is relatively increased. And the three-dimensional weaving is a technology which is difficult to realize full-automatic production, and the weaving of special-shaped pieces is difficult to realize technologization. In order to achieve the knitting of three-dimensional profiled knits, many attempts have been made by the scholars: firstly, a special-shaped weaving piece is obtained through component connection or machining and cutting, and although the appearance requirement is met, the mechanical property is far inferior to that of an integrated weaving technology; and secondly, in the weaving process, increasing and reducing yarn treatment is carried out in the row direction, the yarn fineness is properly adjusted, and the positions of the weaving yarn and the axial yarn are adjusted. And thirdly, a transition area is arranged between the densified layer and the non-densified layer to wind the outer layer yarns around each other, but the mode has poor continuity and less internal locking knots among the yarns.
For those integrated three-dimensional fabrics with higher performance requirements, it is not the best method to achieve density variations in different thickness directions by simply increasing or decreasing the yarns or surface interweaving of the yarns. Many materials applied to the aerospace field can withstand high temperature and mechanical damage of various tension-compression bending shears, so that the requirements on transition regions with different densities of fabrics are very high, and if the continuity of the three-dimensional fabrics is poor, the overall performance of the three-dimensional fabrics is greatly reduced, and the production requirements are difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional weaving method of a variable-density fabric along the thickness direction, aiming at the problems that the three-dimensional variable-density fabric is difficult to form, poor in continuity, complex in yarn increase and yarn decrease in the weaving process and difficult to warp.
The invention aims to solve the problems by the following technical scheme:
a three-dimensional weaving method of a variable-density fabric along the thickness direction is characterized in that: the three-dimensional weaving method comprises the following steps: based on a three-dimensional four-step weaving method, the weaving yarns are divided into inner layer weaving yarns and encrypted outer layer weaving yarns, and the positions of the inner layer weaving yarns and the positions of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns are sequentially exchanged, so that the fiber part and the non-encrypted part of the encrypted layer are woven together.
And one of the three strands of yarns in the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn and one of the yarns in the inner layer weaving yarn exchange positions according to the motion track.
The yarn changing direction of the three-dimensional weaving method is consistent, and yarn collision and yarn twisting are prevented.
The yarn changing section of the three-dimensional weaving method is changed and the yarn changing position is not changed, and one yarn of the three strands of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn and one yarn of the inner layer weaving yarn are always changed.
The three-dimensional weaving method can enable the weaving angle to change along with the change of the thickness of the fabric.
The number of lines of the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns of the variable-density fabric in the thickness direction by using the three-dimensional weaving method is determined according to the weaving requirement.
The three-dimensional weaving method is suitable for three-dimensional square weaving and three-dimensional circular weaving.
It should be noted that the yarn moving direction of the knitting yarn of the inner layer is not necessarily independent, and the moving speed of the knitting yarn of the inner layer is relatively slow due to the small diameter of the knitting yarn of the inner layer.
In the process of movement, the yarn changing area is exchanged once in each large step, four large steps including eight small steps are circulated in one cycle, and the yarn changing area is exchanged for four times.
A three-dimensional weaving method of a variable-density fabric along the thickness direction is characterized in that: the three-dimensional weaving method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, one step is carried out to the right by odd-numbered lines of the inner layer weaving yarn part, one step is carried out to the right by odd-numbered lines of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn part, the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn move simultaneously, and then yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn change yarns;
secondly, the even-numbered lines of the inner layer weaving yarn part move downwards by one step, the even-numbered lines of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn part move downwards by one step, the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn change yarns;
thirdly, the even-numbered lines of the inner layer weaving yarn part move leftwards by one step, the even-numbered lines of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn part move leftwards by one step, the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn change yarns;
and fourthly, one step of upward walking of the yarns in the odd rows of the inner layer weaving yarn part, one step of upward walking of the yarns in the odd rows of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn part, simultaneous movement of the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns, and yarn replacement of the yarn replacement parts of the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns.
A three-dimensional weaving method of a variable-density fabric along the thickness direction is characterized in that: the three-dimensional weaving method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, yarns in even rows of an inner layer weaving yarn part move rightwards one step, yarns in even rows of an encrypted outer layer weaving yarn part move rightwards one step, the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn move simultaneously, and then yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn change yarns;
secondly, the odd-numbered lines of the inner layer weaving yarn part move downwards by one step, the odd-numbered lines of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn part move downwards by one step, the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn change yarns;
thirdly, the odd-numbered lines of the inner layer weaving yarn part move leftwards by one step, the odd-numbered lines of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn part move leftwards by one step, the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn change yarns;
and fourthly, the yarns in the even-numbered rows of the inner layer weaving yarn part move upwards one step, the yarns in the even-numbered rows of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn part move upwards one step, the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns move simultaneously, and then the yarns of the yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns are changed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the three-dimensional weaving method is based on a three-dimensional four-step weaving method, the weaving yarns are divided into the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns, the positions of the yarns of the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns are sequentially exchanged, the fiber part of the encrypted layer and the non-encrypted part are woven together, and the yarns of all layers are tightly connected in a yarn exchanging mode of the inner layer and the outer layer, so that the attractiveness of a woven piece can be kept, the integrity of the woven piece can be ensured, and the mechanical damage is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a state of yarn changing between an inner layer knitting yarn and an outer layer knitting yarn in the three-dimensional knitting method of the present invention.
Wherein: a, weaving yarns in the inner layer; a1, a2 and a3 are the rear edge inverted yarns of the inner layer weaving yarn row; ai, AII, AIII, AIV, aVI and aVII, and backing layer weaving yarn row rear edge yarn reversing; a 11-yarn changing section of the inner layer weaving yarn; b, encrypting the outer layer weaving yarn; b1, b2, b3, b4 and b5, wherein the rear edge of the outer layer knitting yarn row is encrypted; b I, b II, b III, b IV, b V, b VI and b VII, and the rear edge yarn reversing of the outer layer knitting yarn row is encrypted; b 11-yarn changing section of the encrypted outer layer knitting yarn; c, yarn changing area.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the number of yarn rows is not limited to the number of rows and columns in fig. 1, and fig. 1 only cuts a part of the number of rows and columns, and the number of rows and columns can be set as required. In the three-dimensional weaving method, the inner layer weaving yarn a is selected from 3 rows and 7 lines of yarns, and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn b is selected from 4 rows and 7 lines of yarns.
The three-dimensional knitting method of the variable-density fabric along the thickness direction divides knitting yarns into inner knitting yarns a and encrypted outer knitting yarns b on the basis of knitting of a three-dimensional four-step method, and arranges the yarns by specifying the density of the inner knitting yarns a and the encrypted outer knitting yarns b according to the size of a knitted piece. The inner layer weaving yarn a and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn b are divided into a main yarn section and a rear edge reverse yarn; the yarn changing area c is an area for changing yarns of the inner layer and the outer layer, and the inner layer and the outer layer are connected tightly. It should be noted that the yarn changing sections a11, b11 of the inner layer knitting yarn a and the encrypted outer layer knitting yarn b corresponding to the yarn changing area c can be changed according to the knitting rule of the four-step knitting method, the yarn changing position is not changed, but the yarn changing section is changed, and always one yarn of the three strands of the encrypted outer layer knitting yarn b is changed with one strand of the inner layer knitting yarn a; the yarn moving directions of the yarn changing area c are consistent, yarn collision and yarn twisting are not easy, in the four-part moving process, the yarn changing area c is exchanged once in each large step, four large steps including eight small steps are circulated in one cycle, and the yarn changing area c is exchanged for four times.
The three-dimensional weaving method embodied in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
firstly, yarns in two rows of a1 and a3 of a part of the knitting yarn a of the inner layer move one step to the right, yarns in two rows of b1, b3 and b5 of a part of the knitting yarn b of the encrypted outer layer move one step to the right, the knitting yarn a of the inner layer and the knitting yarn b of the encrypted outer layer move simultaneously, and then yarn changing parts of the knitting yarn a of the inner layer and the knitting yarn b of the encrypted outer layer change yarns;
secondly, the yarns of the aII, aIV and aVI columns of the part a of the inner layer weaving yarn move downwards one step, the yarns of the bII, bIV and bVI columns of the part b of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn move downwards one step, the inner layer weaving yarn a and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn b move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn a and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn b change yarns;
thirdly, the yarn on the a2 th line of the inner layer weaving yarn a part moves one step to the left, the yarn on the b2 and b4 th lines of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn b part moves one step to the left, the inner layer weaving yarn a and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn b move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn a and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn b change yarns;
fourthly, the yarns of the rows aI, aIII, aV and aVII of the knitting yarn a part of the inner layer move upwards one step, the yarns of the rows bI, bIII, bV and bVII of the knitting yarn b part of the encryption outer layer move upwards one step, the knitting yarn a of the inner layer and the knitting yarn b of the encryption outer layer move simultaneously, and then the yarns of the knitting yarn a of the inner layer and the knitting yarn b of the encryption outer layer are changed.
The four steps are circularly woven, so that the inner layer yarn and the outer layer yarn can be tightly connected.
The yarn changing position of the yarn changing part in the above steps is not changed, but the yarn changing section is changed, and always one yarn of the three strands of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn b is changed with one strand of the inner layer weaving yarn a.
In addition, for the part with the density changed in the upper and lower thickness directions, the sizes of the pattern knots of the inner layer and the outer layer can be reasonably changed, if the inner layer is dense, a plurality of strands of yarns of the outer layer can be divided into the inner layer, and the inner layer and the outer layer are alternately woven according to the mode of a picture 1.
The three-dimensional weaving method is based on a three-dimensional four-step weaving method, the weaving yarns are divided into the inner layer weaving yarns a and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns b, the positions of the yarns of the inner layer weaving yarns a and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns b are sequentially exchanged, the fiber part and the non-encrypted part of the encrypted layer are woven together, and the yarns of all layers are tightly connected in a yarn exchange mode of the inner layer and the outer layer, so that the attractiveness of a woven piece can be kept, the integrity of the woven piece can be ensured, and the mechanical damage is reduced.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention; the technology not related to the invention can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. A three-dimensional weaving method of a variable-density fabric along the thickness direction is characterized in that: the three-dimensional weaving method comprises the following steps: based on a three-dimensional four-step weaving method, the weaving yarns are divided into inner layer weaving yarns and encrypted outer layer weaving yarns, and the positions of the yarns of the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns are sequentially exchanged, so that the fiber part and the non-encrypted part of the encrypted layer are woven together;
the three-dimensional weaving method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, one step of the odd-numbered lines of the inner layer weaving yarn (a) part is moved rightwards, one step of the odd-numbered lines of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) part is moved rightwards, the inner layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) are changed;
secondly, the even-numbered lines of the inner-layer weaving yarn (a) part move downwards by one step, the even-numbered lines of the encrypted outer-layer weaving yarn (b) part move downwards by one step, the inner-layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer-layer weaving yarn (b) move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the inner-layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer-layer weaving yarn (b) change yarns;
thirdly, the even-numbered lines of the inner-layer weaving yarn (a) part move leftwards one step, the even-numbered lines of the encrypted outer-layer weaving yarn (b) part move leftwards one step, the inner-layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer-layer weaving yarn (b) move simultaneously, and then yarn changing parts of the inner-layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer-layer weaving yarn (b) change yarns;
fourthly, one step of upward movement is carried out on the yarns in the odd columns of the knitting yarn (a) part of the inner layer, one step of upward movement is carried out on the yarns in the odd columns of the knitting yarn (b) part of the encrypted outer layer, the knitting yarn (a) of the inner layer and the knitting yarn (b) of the encrypted outer layer move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the knitting yarn (a) of the inner layer and the knitting yarn (b) of the encrypted outer layer are changed;
or, the three-dimensional weaving method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, yarns of even rows of an inner layer weaving yarn (a) part move rightwards one step, yarns of even rows of an encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) part move rightwards one step, the inner layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) move simultaneously, and then yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) change yarns;
secondly, the odd-numbered lines of the inner layer weaving yarn (a) part move downwards one step, the odd-numbered lines of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) part move downwards one step, the inner layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) change yarns;
thirdly, the odd-numbered lines of the inner layer weaving yarn (a) move leftwards one step, the odd-numbered lines of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) move leftwards one step, the inner layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) change yarns;
and fourthly, the yarns of the even columns of the inner layer weaving yarn (a) part move upwards by one step, the yarns of the even columns of the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) part move upwards by one step, the inner layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) move simultaneously, and then the yarn changing parts of the inner layer weaving yarn (a) and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn (b) change yarns.
2. The three-dimensional weaving method of a variable density fabric in a thickness direction according to claim 1, characterized in that: and one of the three strands of yarns in the encrypted outer layer weaving yarn and one of the yarns in the inner layer weaving yarn exchange positions according to the motion track.
3. The three-dimensional weaving method of a variable density fabric in a thickness direction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the yarn changing yarn moving directions of the three-dimensional weaving method are consistent.
4. The three-dimensional weaving method of a variable density fabric in a thickness direction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the yarn changing section of the three-dimensional weaving method is changed and the yarn changing position is not changed.
5. The three-dimensional weaving method of a variable density fabric in a thickness direction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three-dimensional weaving method can enable the weaving angle to change along with the change of the thickness of the fabric.
6. The three-dimensional weaving method of a variable density fabric in a thickness direction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of lines of the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns of the variable-density fabric in the thickness direction by using the three-dimensional weaving method is determined according to the weaving requirement.
7. The three-dimensional weaving method of a variable density fabric in a thickness direction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the three-dimensional weaving method is suitable for three-dimensional square weaving and three-dimensional circular weaving.
8. The three-dimensional weaving method of a variable density fabric in a thickness direction according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the process of movement of the four parts of the inner layer weaving yarns and the encrypted outer layer weaving yarns, the yarn changing area (c) is exchanged once in each large step, four large steps comprising eight small steps are circularly performed, and the yarn changing area (c) is exchanged for four times.
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Address after: 214200 Fangqiao Street industrial concentration area, Yixing City, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: YIXING XINLI WEAVING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 214212 Dajian Village 119, Wanshi Town, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: YIXING XINLI WEAVING Co.,Ltd. |