CN110284059A - A kind of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110284059A CN110284059A CN201910539170.XA CN201910539170A CN110284059A CN 110284059 A CN110284059 A CN 110284059A CN 201910539170 A CN201910539170 A CN 201910539170A CN 110284059 A CN110284059 A CN 110284059A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
- B60G7/001—Suspension arms, e.g. constructional features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/70—Materials used in suspensions
- B60G2206/72—Steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
- B60G2206/81—Shaping
- B60G2206/8102—Shaping by stamping
- B60G2206/81022—Shaping by stamping by forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
- B60G2206/81—Shaping
- B60G2206/8106—Shaping by thermal treatment, e.g. curing hardening, vulcanisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
- B60G2206/81—Shaping
- B60G2206/811—Shaping by cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
- B60G2206/84—Hardening
- B60G2206/8403—Shot-peening
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontologies and preparation method thereof, using non-hardened and tempered steel as raw material, heated → blocking → heating → finish-forging → controll cooling after forging → trimming shaping → shot-peening → machine adds, it obtains and has pearlite+ferritic structure vehicle front suspension lower control arm ontology, it is with excellent mechanical property and impact resistance, and the preparation method is without carrying out quenched process, reducing energy consumption and saving working hour, it solves the problems, such as quenching distortion, reduces comprehensive production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automotive parts manufacturing technologies, and in particular to a kind of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology and
Preparation method.
Background technique
Double fork arm type equal independent suspensions are remarkably improved the handling stability energy of vehicle, due to that need to occupy more chassis space and make
The high reason of valence, is typically employed on large and medium-sized vehicle and luxurious car, and front suspension lower control arm is double fork arm type equal independent suspensions
Important composition component.One end is connect by front suspension lower control arm ontology by bulb component with knuckle, and the other end passes through bulb
Component is connect with subframe, bears alternate stress in running car, needs very big lateral stiffness, while in jump of hanging down, system
Guarantee that workpiece is able to bear higher stress under four kinds of dynamic, turning, impact operating conditions, thus guarantee the stability of vehicle, comfort,
Safety.
At this stage, front suspension lower control arm ontology mostly uses greatly 40Cr material, is formed using hot forging process, by remaining after forging
Preferable comprehensive mechanical property is obtained after hot modifier treatment.The lower control arm bulk properties of technique preparation are more uniform, but adjust
Matter treatment process need to expend a large amount of electric power and working hour, and the use of quenching oil is also unfavorable for environmental protection.Due to double fork arm type equal independent suspensions
Lower control arm axial length is big, for guarantee part intensity and rigidity, on the body can the biggish curved surface of design angle, therefore
Quench after hot forging and easily deform during oil, subsequent corrective and processing are difficult to repair, and such as use anti-deformation tool, then increase at
This, while production efficiency can be reduced, it is not suitable for being produced in enormous quantities.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology and its preparation sides
Method, using non-hardened and tempered steel as raw material, heated → blocking → heating → finish-forging → controll cooling after forging → trimming shaping → shot-peening →
Machine adds, and obtains front suspension lower control arm ontology.The preparation method is without carrying out quenched process, reducing energy consumption and saving work
When, it solves the problems, such as quenching distortion, reduces comprehensive production cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology, using non-hardened and tempered steel as raw material, the preparation method
The following steps are included: heating → blocking → heating → finish-forging → controll cooling after forging → trimming shaping → shot-peening → machine adds, front overhang is obtained
Frame lower control arm ontology.
The non-hardened and tempered steel includes the chemical element of following weight percent: C:0.42-0.49%, Si:0.30-
0.60%, Mn:1.20-1.50%, S:0.040-0.075%, Cr:0.10-0.30%, V:0.08-0.20%, Ti:0.02-
0.1%, Cu :≤0.1%, P:0-0.035%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.In the ingredient of non-hardened and tempered steel be added vanadium,
Titanium, manganese, chromium microalloy element, the tiny carbide and nitride being precipitated in ferrite and pearlite can keep coherence with parent phase
Relationship is to make steel strengthen.The mechanical property of the steel grade reaches or approaches the steel grade by modifier treatment.
The non-hardened and tempered steel preferably comprises the chemical element of following weight percent: C:0.45%, Si:0.38%, Mn:
1.25%, S:0.048%, Cr:0.22%, V:0.12%, Ti:0.05%, Cu:0.07%, P:0.008%, surplus be Fe and
Inevitable impurity.
It is to guarantee non-hardened and tempered steel molding that heating and temperature control, which heats main purpose at 950-1050 DEG C, blocking, before blocking,
If the excessively high surface oxidation degree that can aggravate steel of temperature of heating, while energy consumption is improved, and temperature is too low, plastic deformation
It reduces, resistance of deformation increases, and malleability is deteriorated, and metal can also generate processing hardening and crack, therefore the present invention will be before blocking
Antipyretic temperature control at 950-1050 DEG C.
Heating and temperature control is at 1050-1190 DEG C before finish-forging, in order to make the microalloy element of precipitation strength incorporate austenite
In, workpiece need to be heated to higher temperature;When being heated to 1050 DEG C or more, austenite can perfect recrystallization;Work as heating temperature
When improving to 1190 DEG C or more, austenite grain can grow up, and roughening is significant;Decline so as to cause the toughness of steel;Surface Oxygen simultaneously
Change seriously, therefore, the present invention is by heating and temperature control before finish-forging at 1050-1190 DEG C.
The temperature of workpiece is controlled at 890 DEG C -940 DEG C after the completion of finish-forging, and forging stock is still in high temperature Austria in this way after forging finish-forging
Family name's body state, workpiece control it is cold before temperature at more than A3 line, austenite start to be changed into ferrite process can completely by
Control.
In the controll cooling after forging technique, cooled down by the way of air-cooled, cooling rate control 3.5 DEG C/s-5 DEG C/
S, carried out after workpiece is cooled to 520-620 DEG C it is air-cooled, cooling velocity will have a direct impact on micro alloying element precipitation strength effect
Fruit, when cooling velocity is lower than 3.5 DEG C/s, cooling velocity is excessively slow, and the coarse grains of pro-eutectoid ferrite, content of pearlite in alloy is few,
The strength of materials is unable to satisfy requirement, and with the increase of cooling velocity, the content of pro-eutectoid ferrite is gradually decreased, ferrite crystal grain
Refinement, the content of pearlite gradually increase, and the strength of materials and toughness are all preferable at this time, when cooling rate reaches 6 DEG C/s or more, can give birth to
It can increase with the increase of cooling velocity at the content of bainite, and bainite, although the toughness of bainite meeting reinforcing material,
But it will lead to the machinability decline of part, therefore comprehensively consider, cooling rate is arranged 3.5 DEG C/s-5 DEG C/s's the present invention
In range.
In the shot-blast process, shot peening strength 0.25-0.33Amm, shot-peening coverage rate is not less than 93%, in this way in addition to going
It descales outer, workpiece surface can be made to remain certain compression, improve the fatigue strength of workpiece.
The present invention also provides the automobiles that the preparation method using above-mentioned automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology is prepared
Front suspension lower control arm ontology.
The tensile strength of the vehicle front suspension lower control arm ontology is not less than 790MPa, and yield strength is not less than 720MPa,
Elongation after fracture is not less than 12%, and the contraction percentage of area is not less than 25%;Hardness number is 220-270HBS, same control arm difference position
Difference of hardness is set no more than 30HBS;Impact absorbing energy KU2(-40℃)≥31J。
The metallographic structure of the vehicle front suspension lower control arm ontology is pearlite+ferrite, and grain size is not less than 4.5 grades.
The present invention passes through the heating temperature before control blocking, finish-forging using the non-hardened and tempered steel of special component as raw material
Before with the type of cooling and cooling rate of heating temperature, controll cooling after forging later, and shot-peening is carried out after trimming shaping
Processing, obtains and has pearlite+ferritic structure automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology, with excellent mechanical property
And impact resistance.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is directly using non-hardened and tempered steel as the original of production automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology
Material, without carrying out quenched process, reducing energy consumption and saving working hour, preparation process of the invention is simple, without quenching
Fire processing avoids the problem on deformation occurred by quenching, and high production efficiency, overall cost is low.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology;
Fig. 2 is the stress-strain curve diagram of the automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure figure of the automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology in embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the quenching tooling drawing that front suspension lower control arm ontology is prepared using quenched and tempered steel 40Cr;
In figure: 1- automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology, 2- quenching anti-deformation tooling.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology, using non-hardened and tempered steel as raw material, the preparation method
The following steps are included: heating → blocking → heating → finish-forging → controll cooling after forging → trimming shaping → shot-peening → machine adds, front overhang is obtained
Frame lower control arm ontology, the controll cooling after forging are cooled down by the way of air-cooled, and after being cooled to control temperature, workpiece is placed
The natural cooling on material frame.
The non-hardened and tempered steel includes chemical component and weight percent as shown in 1 embodiment 1 of table.
Table 1
C | Si | Mn | S | Cr | V | Ti | Cu | P | Surplus | |
Embodiment 1 | 0.45 | 0.38 | 1.25 | 0.048 | 0.22 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.008 | Surplus is iron and inevitable impurity |
Embodiment 2 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 1.48 | 0.055 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.004 | Surplus is iron and inevitable impurity |
Embodiment 3 | 0.48 | 0.57 | 1.33 | 0.072 | 0.29 | 0.19 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.005 | Surplus is iron and inevitable impurity |
Each process parameter control in above-mentioned preparation method is as shown in 2 embodiment 1 of table.
Table 2
Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
Heating temperature before blocking, DEG C | 1000 | 954 | 1042 | 930 | 1000 |
Heating temperature before finish-forging, DEG C | 1120 | 1056 | 1184 | 1045 | 1056 |
Temperature after the completion of finish-forging, DEG C | 920 | 897 | 932 | 860 | 882 |
Cooling rate, DEG C/s | 3.7 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 2 | 5.5 |
Temperature after cooling, DEG C | 550 | 577 | 612 | 630 | 510 |
Shot peening strength, Amm | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.22 | 0.35 |
Shot-peening coverage rate | 95% or more | 95% or more | 95% or more | 95% or more | 95% or more |
The structure chart for the automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology that the present embodiment obtains is as shown in Figure 1, engineering stress strain is bent
For line as shown in Fig. 2, metallographic structure is as shown in figure 3, it can be seen that it is pearlite+ferritic structure, grain size is 5 grades.
Embodiment 2
Other are with embodiment 1, and only the chemical component of non-hardened and tempered steel, technological parameter are respectively as 1 embodiment 2 of table, table 2 are implemented
Shown in example 2.
Embodiment 3
Other are with embodiment 1, and only the chemical component of non-hardened and tempered steel, technological parameter are respectively as 1 embodiment 3 of table, table 2 are implemented
Shown in example 3.
Comparative example 1
Other are with embodiment 1, and only technological parameter replaces with the comparative example 1 in table 2.
Comparative example 2
Other are with embodiment 1, and only technological parameter replaces with the comparative example 2 in table 2.
Taking the automobile front suspension lower control arm body width in above-described embodiment and comparative example respectively is 12.5mm, and gauge length is
The dumbbell shaped sheet specimens of 50mm carry out mechanics properties testing, and test result is as shown in table 3:
Table 3
Above-mentioned three groups of embodiments can produce the front suspension lower control arm ontology for meeting performance requirement, in the technique of setting
In parameter drift-out comparative example test of the invention, the front suspension lower control arm ontology mechanical property of acquisition can not all meet technology
It is required that.
The present invention using non-hardened and tempered steel as raw material instead of traditional 40Cr material after, power consumption decline 60%, machine
Add cutter life to improve, and eliminates quenched quenching oil, quenching anti-deformation tooling, tempering process, Fig. 4 needed for 40Cr material
For using the quenching anti-deformation tooling of the trial production of small lot used in traditional 40Cr material, 40Cr is replaced with non-hardened and tempered steel
After eliminate this tooling, saved tooling manufacturing cost, reduced the circulation time between process, controlled under the automobile front suspension of acquisition
The dimensional accuracy of arm body processed is met the requirements.Compared with most forging technology, control arm body of the present invention blocking with
Finish-forging process avoids the lengthening of the productive temp as caused by human factor and ring by the way of heating respectively to the full extent
Border factor causes to control the relatively low factor of cold preceding control arm body temperature, while considering the operating condition that automobile is travelled in extremely low temperature, guarantees
The low-temperature impact toughness of material reaches a higher level.The present invention passes through process optimization and quality in the actual production process
Control illustrates the necessity verified for the manufacturing process of crucial auto parts and components and critical process, passes through technological parameter tune
It is whole, data analysis is then compared, more reasonable, more advanced manufacturing process has finally been determined, to guarantee lower control
The quality pass rate of arm body is 100%.Overall cost is relative to 40Cr decline 3%.And it is controlled under the obtained front suspension of the present invention
Arm body overall mechanical properties processed are excellent, can pass through chassis intensity test and the comprehensive durable road test test of three-wheel.
The above-mentioned detailed description that a kind of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology and preparation method thereof is carried out referring to embodiment,
It is illustrative without being restrictive, several embodiments can be enumerated according to limited range, therefore do not departing from this hair
Change and modification under bright general plotting should belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology, which is characterized in that described using non-hardened and tempered steel as raw material
Preparation method the following steps are included: heating → blocking → heating → finish-forging → controll cooling after forging → trimming shaping → shot-peening → machine adds,
Obtain front suspension lower control arm ontology.
2. the preparation method of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the non-tune
Matter ladle includes the chemical element of following weight percent: C:0.42-0.49%, Si:0.30-0.60%, Mn:1.20-1.50%,
S:0.040-0.075%, Cr:0.10-0.30%, V:0.08-0.20%, Ti:0.02-0.1%, Cu :≤0.1%, P:0-
0.035%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
3. the preparation method of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that blocking
Preceding heating and temperature control is at 950-1050 DEG C.
4. the preparation method of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that finish-forging
Preceding heating and temperature control is at 1050-1190 DEG C.
5. the preparation method of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that finish-forging
The temperature of workpiece is controlled at 890 DEG C -940 DEG C after the completion.
6. the preparation method of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described
It in controll cooling after forging technique, is cooled down by the way of air-cooled, cooling rate control is in 3.5 DEG C/s-5 DEG C/s, by workpiece cooling
It is carried out after to 520-620 DEG C air-cooled.
7. the preparation method of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described
In shot-blast process, shot peening strength 0.25-0.33Amm, shot-peening coverage rate is not less than 93%.
8. a kind of preparation method of the automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology as described in claim 1-7 any one is prepared
Automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology.
9. automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology according to claim 8, which is characterized in that controlled under the Chinese herbaceous peony suspension
The tensile strength of arm body is not less than 790MPa, and yield strength is not less than 720MPa, and elongation after fracture is not less than 12%, and section is received
Shrinkage is not less than 25%;Hardness number is 220-270HBS, and same control arm different location difference of hardness is not more than 30HBS;Impact is inhaled
Receive energy KU2(-40℃)≥31J。
10. automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology according to claim 8, which is characterized in that controlled under the Chinese herbaceous peony suspension
The metallographic structure of arm body processed is pearlite+ferrite, and grain size is not less than 4.5 grades.
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Cited By (2)
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CN111206191A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-05-29 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Ti-V composite microalloyed superfine bainite non-quenched and tempered steel and forging and cooling control process and production process thereof |
CN112030069A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏联峰实业有限公司 | Carbon niobium titanium composite reinforced non-adjustable steel and production method thereof |
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