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CN110131116B - ORC magnetic suspension power generation system utilizing medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure in gradient mode - Google Patents

ORC magnetic suspension power generation system utilizing medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure in gradient mode Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110131116B
CN110131116B CN201910472779.XA CN201910472779A CN110131116B CN 110131116 B CN110131116 B CN 110131116B CN 201910472779 A CN201910472779 A CN 201910472779A CN 110131116 B CN110131116 B CN 110131116B
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China
Prior art keywords
condenser
generator
power generation
medium
evaporator
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CN201910472779.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110131116A (en
Inventor
谢和平
马举昌
周韬
廖家禧
李存宝
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Jiangsu Blessing Technology Co ltd
Shenzhen University
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Jiangsu Blessing Technology Co ltd
Shenzhen University
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Priority to CN201910472779.XA priority Critical patent/CN110131116B/en
Publication of CN110131116A publication Critical patent/CN110131116A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/093224 priority patent/WO2020239067A1/en
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Publication of CN110131116B publication Critical patent/CN110131116B/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/08Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03GSPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
    • F03G7/04Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10Geothermal energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an ORC magnetic suspension power generation system for gradient utilization of medium and low temperature geothermal residual pressure, which comprises an evaporator for evaporating working media; the condenser is used for condensing working media and is used for cooling equipment for cooling the condenser; the generator comprises a first-stage turbine and a second-stage turbine; the cooling equipment is connected with the secondary turbine; the working medium steam outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the generator; the outlet of the generator is connected with the condenser, and the outlet of the condenser is connected with the liquid working medium inlet of the evaporator. In the invention, gaseous working media are respectively expanded and acted in two stages of turbines, wherein the first stage turbine drives a generator to generate power through a coupler; the second-stage turbine drives the impeller to rotate through the coupling, so that the air flow on the surface of the condenser is accelerated, the heat exchange capacity of the condenser is enhanced, the condensation temperature and the condensation pressure are reduced, the pressure difference and the temperature difference at the inlet and the outlet of the magnetic levitation generator are increased, and the power generation efficiency of the magnetic levitation generator is improved.

Description

ORC magnetic suspension power generation system utilizing medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure in gradient mode
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geothermal energy power generation, in particular to an ORC magnetic suspension power generation system utilizing medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure in a gradient manner.
Background
With exhaustion of fossil energy, renewable energy is emerging, and geothermal energy is a safe, clean and huge-reserve resource and becomes a hot spot for scientific research. In general, geothermal resources of China are unevenly distributed geographically. The high-temperature geothermal zone of China is mainly distributed in highland areas such as Tibet, yunnan and the like; the low-medium temperature (temperature below 150 ℃) geothermal fields are widely distributed in southeast coast, plain areas, hilly areas and inland sedimentary basins. Although the high-temperature geothermal development technology is mature, the technology is limited by the distribution of the technology and is not suitable for large-scale development; the geothermal energy is widely distributed at medium and low temperatures, is distributed in most urban areas, and has the potential of large-scale development and clean energy supplement. At present, high temperature geothermal power generation technology has been relatively mature and commercially developed. However, low power generation efficiency (less than 10%) of the geothermal resources at medium and low temperatures restricts the popularization of power generation utilization.
Accordingly, the prior art is still in need of improvement and development.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an ORC magnetic suspension power generation system for gradient utilization of medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure, and aims to solve the problem of low power generation efficiency of the conventional medium-low temperature geothermal utilization.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
ORC magnetic suspension power generation system is utilized to medium and low temperature geothermal residual pressure cascade, wherein includes:
an ORC generator set comprising an evaporator for evaporating a working medium; and
The condenser is used for condensing working media and is used for cooling equipment for cooling the condenser; and
The generator comprises a first-stage turbine and a second-stage turbine; the cooling equipment is connected with the secondary turbine;
The working medium steam outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the generator; the outlet of the generator is connected with the inlet of the condenser, and the outlet of the condenser is connected with the liquid working medium inlet of the evaporator through a working medium pump.
The ORC magnetic suspension power generation system capable of realizing gradient utilization of the medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure is characterized in that the generator is a magnetic suspension turbine generator.
The ORC magnetic suspension power generation system for gradient utilization of the medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure is characterized in that the ORC power generation unit further comprises a working medium pump arranged between the condenser and the evaporator.
The ORC magnetic suspension power generation system for gradient utilization of the medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure is characterized in that the cooling equipment is an impeller.
The ORC magnetic suspension power generation system capable of realizing gradient utilization of the medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure comprises a first condenser and a second condenser.
The ORC magnetic suspension power generation system capable of realizing gradient utilization of the medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure further comprises a refrigerating device for providing cold for the second condenser.
The ORC magnetic suspension power generation system capable of realizing gradient utilization of medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure comprises a refrigerating device, wherein the refrigerating device comprises:
The evaporator comprises a generator connected with the evaporator, a third condenser connected with the generator, a second condenser and an absorber.
And the ORC magnetic suspension power generation system is characterized in that a throttle valve is arranged between the third condenser and the second condenser.
The ORC magnetic suspension power generation system capable of realizing gradient utilization of the medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure is characterized in that the second condenser is a spray evaporation condenser.
The ORC magnetic suspension power generation system capable of realizing gradient utilization of the medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure can be an organic working medium such as R245fa, R227ea or R600.
The beneficial effects are that: the steam turbine part of the magnetic suspension generator is provided with two-stage turbines, and gaseous working media respectively perform primary expansion and work in the two-stage turbines, wherein the one-stage turbines drive the generator to generate power through a coupler; the second-stage turbine drives the impeller to rotate through the coupling, so that the air flow on the surface of the condenser is accelerated, the heat exchange capacity of the condenser is enhanced, the condensation temperature and the condensation pressure are reduced, the pressure difference and the temperature difference at the inlet and the outlet of the magnetic levitation generator are increased, the power generation efficiency of the magnetic levitation generator is improved, the power generation capacity is increased, and the utilization efficiency of the low-temperature geothermal energy is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of ORC magnetic levitation power generation with gradient utilization of medium and low temperature geothermal residual pressure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an ORC magnetic levitation power generation system with intermediate and low temperature geothermal residual pressure gradient utilization provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of another ORC magnetic levitation power generation system utilizing intermediate and low temperature geothermal residual pressure gradient provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the ORC magnetic suspension power generation system for gradient utilization of medium and low temperature geothermal residual pressure disclosed by the invention comprises an ORC power generation unit, and comprises an evaporator 10 for evaporating working medium; and a condenser 20 for condensing the working medium, and a cooling device 30 for cooling the condenser 20; and a generator 40, the generator 40 including a first turbine 401 and a second turbine 402 connected to the first turbine 401; the cooling device 30 is connected with the secondary turbine 402; the working medium steam outlet of the evaporator 10 is connected with the inlet of the generator 40; an outlet of the generator 40 is connected with the condenser 20, and the condenser 20 is connected with a liquid working medium inlet of the evaporator 10 through a working medium pump 50. The generator is a magnetic suspension turbine generator.
Specifically, in the ORC magnetic levitation power generation system for cascade utilization of the residual pressure of the geothermal energy at medium and low temperatures provided by the invention, two pipelines are arranged in the evaporator 10, wherein one pipeline is used for passing hot water (such as geothermal water at medium and low temperatures), namely forming a heat source, and the other pipeline is used for passing working medium. The working medium in the second pipeline absorbs the heat in the first pipeline to form working medium steam, the working medium steam is sent into the magnetic levitation turbine generator 40, the magnetic levitation turbine generator 40 is provided with two stages of turbines, gaseous working medium does work in the first stage of turbine 401, the generator is driven by a coupler to generate power, the generated gaseous working medium enters the second stage of turbine 402 to expand and do work, the cooling equipment is driven by the coupler to move, surrounding air is forced to accelerate to flow, and heat exchange of the condenser is enhanced.
Referring to fig. 3, in one or more embodiments, the cooling apparatus 30 is an impeller, and the ORC generator set further includes a working fluid pump 50 disposed between the condenser and the evaporator.
In some embodiments, the condenser 20 comprises a first condenser 201 and a second condenser 202. In this embodiment, the first condenser 201 is a precooling device for exhaust steam of a magnetic suspension turbine generator, and under the action of the cooling device 30, the exhaust steam in the first condenser radiates heat to the air with forced convection outside for cooling and depressurization, but does not generate phase change; the second condenser 202 is a spray evaporation condenser, in which a condensation pipe 203 is disposed, the low-temperature gaseous working medium cooled by the first condenser flows through the condensation pipe to be condensed, the solution pump 204 sprays the liquid flowing into the third condenser 70 onto the condensation pipe, and the working medium cooled by the first condenser is cooled again. The steam generated during cooling is fed into absorber 80.
In some embodiments, the power generation system further comprises a refrigeration device that provides refrigeration to the second condenser 202.
Specifically, the refrigeration apparatus includes a generator 60 connected to the evaporator 10, a third condenser 70 connected to the generator 60, a throttle valve 701, a second condenser 202, and an absorber 80 connected to the generator 60.
The power generation system comprises two closed loops: organic Rankine cycle and absorption refrigeration cycle. Wherein the second condenser of the organic rankine cycle is provided with a condensing coil 203 as an evaporator of the absorption refrigeration cycle, thereby connecting the organic rankine cycle and the absorption refrigeration cycle.
Cycle 1 (organic rankine cycle): the organic working medium absorbs heat in the low-temperature geothermal water at 90 ℃ in the evaporator 10, the heat is evaporated into high-temperature high-pressure gaseous organic working medium, the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous organic working medium steam enters the magnetic suspension turbine turbogenerator 40 to expand and do work, the gaseous organic working medium does work in the first-stage turbine 401, the generator is driven by a coupler to generate power, the generated gaseous working medium enters the second-stage turbine 402 to expand and do work, the cooling equipment is driven by the coupler to drive the cooling equipment, surrounding air is forced to flow in an accelerating mode, and heat exchange of the first condenser is enhanced. The working medium precooled by the first condenser is led into the second condenser 202, cooled again and condensed into liquid working medium, and then flows back to the evaporator 10 through the working medium pump 50 to complete the organic working medium power generation cycle process.
Cycle 2 (absorption refrigeration cycle): taking lithium bromide absorption refrigeration as an example, the lithium bromide solution absorbs heat in the hot water at 70 ℃ discharged by the evaporator 10 in the generator 60, water in the lithium bromide solution is evaporated to become high-concentration lithium bromide solution, and the high-concentration lithium bromide solution enters the spray absorber 80 through the solution pump 90; the vapor evaporated from the generator 60 enters the condenser 70 and is cooled into liquid water by normal temperature water (such as river water) with the temperature of 25-30 ℃, then the liquid water is reduced in pressure by the throttle valve 701 and enters the second condenser, the vapor is sprayed, evaporated and absorbed by the solution pump 204 to form vapor by the heat in the working medium after the organic Rankine cycle is precooled by the first condenser, then the vapor enters the spray absorber 80 and is absorbed by the lithium bromide concentrated solution, the lithium bromide dilute solution and the lithium bromide concentrated solution are mixed to form lithium bromide dilute solution, and the lithium bromide dilute solution is returned to the generator 60 by the solution pump 901 to complete the absorption refrigeration cycle.
It should be noted that the cycle 1 may be a thermal power generation process with a condenser in all forms, such as an organic rankine cycle, flash geothermal power generation. The heat source can be geothermal water or industrial waste heat, waste heat and the like, the working medium can be organic working medium or inorganic working medium and the like, the expander can be in the form of a steam turbine, a screw machine or magnetic suspension and the like (the magnetic suspension expander has higher power generation efficiency compared with other forms of expanders due to no friction and high rotating speed), and the condenser can be in the form of indirect condensation or direct condensation and the like.
The cycle 2 can be any form of waste heat refrigeration cycle including adsorption refrigeration, absorption refrigeration, and the like.
The mechanical energy obtained after the secondary turbine recovers the excess pressure can be distributed to a plurality of components and is not necessarily completely used for driving the impeller or the water pump. Under the condition of insufficient power of the second-stage turbine, mechanical energy or electric energy of part of the first-stage turbine can be consumed to assist the impeller or the water pump to strengthen the condensation of working medium.
In summary, the invention provides an ORC magnetic levitation power generation system for cascade utilization of residual pressure of low-and-medium temperature geothermal energy, which comprises: an ORC generator set comprising an evaporator for evaporating a working medium; the condenser is used for condensing working media and the cooling equipment is used for cooling the condenser; and a generator comprising a primary turbine and a secondary turbine connected to the primary turbine; the cooling equipment is connected with the secondary turbine; the working medium steam outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the generator; and an outlet of the generator is connected with the condenser and is connected with a liquid working medium inlet of the evaporator through a working medium pump. The steam turbine part of the magnetic suspension generator is provided with two-stage turbines, and gaseous working media respectively perform primary expansion and work in the two-stage turbines, wherein the one-stage turbines drive the generator to generate power through a coupler; the second-stage turbine drives the impeller to rotate through the coupling, so that the air flow on the surface of the condenser is accelerated, the heat exchange capacity of the condenser is enhanced, and a spray-type evaporative condenser is matched in the system, namely, the air condenser and the spray-type evaporative condenser are connected in series for use, and the condensation effect is enhanced again. Further reduces condensation temperature and condensation pressure, thereby increasing pressure difference and temperature difference at the two ends of the inlet and the outlet of the magnetic levitation generator, improving the power generation efficiency of the magnetic levitation generator, further increasing the generated energy and improving the utilization efficiency of the geothermal energy at medium and low temperature.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. The medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure gradient utilization ORC magnetic suspension power generation system is characterized by comprising:
an ORC generator set comprising an evaporator for evaporating a working medium; and
The condenser is used for condensing working media and is used for cooling equipment for cooling the condenser; and
The generator further comprises a first-stage turbine and a second-stage turbine; the cooling equipment is connected with the secondary turbine;
The working medium steam outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the first-stage turbine, the outlet of the first-stage turbine is connected with the inlet of the second-stage turbine, the outlet of the second-stage turbine is connected with the inlet of the condenser, and the outlet of the condenser is connected with the liquid working medium inlet of the evaporator;
The first-stage turbine drives a generator to generate electricity; the second-stage turbine drives the cooling equipment to move;
The generator is a magnetic suspension turbine generator;
the cooling equipment is an impeller;
The condenser comprises a first condenser and a second condenser; the outlet of the second-stage turbine is connected with the inlet of the first condenser, the outlet of the first condenser is connected with the inlet of the second condenser, and the outlet of the second condenser is connected with the liquid working medium inlet of the evaporator;
the refrigeration device is used for providing cold energy for the second condenser;
the refrigerating device includes: a generator connected to the evaporator, a third condenser connected to the generator, a second condenser connected to the third condenser, and an absorber connected to the second condenser; the absorber is also connected with the generator;
Under the effect of cooling equipment, exhaust steam in the first condenser radiates heat to the outside and forces the cooling and depressurization in the air of convection, but does not take place the phase transition.
2. The medium and low temperature geothermal residual pressure gradient utilizing ORC magnetic levitation power generation system of claim 1, wherein the ORC generator set further comprises a working fluid pump disposed between the condenser and the evaporator.
3. The medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure gradient-utilization ORC magnetic levitation power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a throttle valve is arranged between the third condenser and the second condenser.
4. The medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure gradient-utilization ORC magnetic levitation power generation system of claim 1, wherein the second condenser is a spray evaporation condenser.
5. The medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure gradient utilization ORC magnetic levitation power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the working medium is any one of R245fa, R227ea and R600.
CN201910472779.XA 2019-05-31 2019-05-31 ORC magnetic suspension power generation system utilizing medium-low temperature geothermal residual pressure in gradient mode Active CN110131116B (en)

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PCT/CN2020/093224 WO2020239067A1 (en) 2019-05-31 2020-05-29 Orc magnetic suspension power generation system using medium-low temperature geothermal excess-pressure gradient

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CN112412717B (en) * 2020-12-09 2024-06-11 四川大学 Multi-region composite type in-situ geothermal power generation system
US11486370B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-11-01 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Modular mobile heat generation unit for generation of geothermal power in organic Rankine cycle operations
US11293414B1 (en) 2021-04-02 2022-04-05 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods for generation of electrical power in an organic rankine cycle operation
US11644015B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2023-05-09 Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc Systems and methods for generation of electrical power at a drilling rig
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