CN118582199A - Method and device for measuring while-drilling endoscopic survey for landslide control engineering in-situ survey - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring while-drilling endoscopic survey for landslide control engineering in-situ survey Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an endoscopic measurement while drilling method for in-situ survey of landslide control engineering, which comprises the following steps: installing a process parameter measuring nipple, a stratum parameter measuring nipple and an endoscopic imaging nipple on a single-acting double-tube drilling tool according to a certain sequence; single-acting double-pipe drilling tool for landslide small-caliber drilling coring is performed inside; in the process of drilling a single-action double-tube drilling tool, measuring a plurality of technological parameters of the single-action double-tube drilling tool through a technological parameter measuring nipple; in the drilling process of the single-action double-pipe drilling tool, stratum parameters are measured through stratum parameter measuring pup joints; in the process of pulling out the single-action double-tube drilling tool, the full-hole section is imaged through the endoscopic imaging nipple. The invention realizes the integration of drilling coring, structure detection and parameter measurement, fully utilizes drilling images and measurement-while-drilling data to realize the rapid in-situ acquisition of landslide rock-soil body structure and physical mechanical parameters, has comprehensive measurement-while-drilling parameters, and greatly improves the measurement efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to a method and a device for measuring while-drilling endoscopic in-situ survey of landslide control engineering.
Background
Geological drilling is the most direct and effective method for acquiring landslide rock and soil mass, and can provide important basis for reliability evaluation of landslide control engineering. By drilling and extracting a sufficient number of undisturbed rock cores, the geological structure inside the landslide is disclosed, the number and the position of the sliding surface are determined, and the sliding state of the deep part of the landslide body and the condition of groundwater can be observed by using the drilling holes. The existing landslide drilling investigation generally has the problems of poor coring quality and low drilling efficiency, and seriously influences the landslide investigation quality and the next treatment design work. Further geophysical exploration is carried out through drilling, is an important means for acquiring geological information of a landslide body, comprises rock-soil body structure information, physical and mechanical parameter information and the like, but belongs to post exploration, and the landslide body is usually thicker in covering layer, difficult to form holes due to stratum fracture, and a smooth exploration duct cannot be formed. The method improves the current drilling coring technology, truly combines drilling and exploring, and is an important research direction for realizing fine and efficient landslide exploration.
The landslide rock-soil body structure is one of key elements for determining the essence of landslide and controlling the deformation and damage of the landslide, and for landslide prevention engineering, the information such as stratum depth, dominant structural surface appearance, dominant structural surface width, structural surface filling characteristics and the like of the rock-soil body structure is basic data which must be known.
In recent years, the technology for detecting the geologic structure rapidly develops, wherein optical imaging and measurement while drilling become important measurement methods, can measure various stratum parameters, and are widely applied to the fields of rock structure detection and large-caliber oil and gas drilling. However, the landslide rock-soil body is relatively loose, is easily influenced by factors such as slurry circulation, drill rod vibration, narrow space and the like in the drilling process, and the existing endoscopic imaging technology is difficult to be applied. In addition, the measurement while drilling equipment of a small-diameter near-bit is lacking, and the parameter information of the rock and soil body in the hole is difficult to acquire while drilling. Therefore, development of measurement-while-drilling equipment for landslide mass is needed to be developed so as to fully utilize measurement-while-drilling data to intelligently identify and invert the structure and physical and mechanical parameters of the landslide mass.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to design a multi-parameter synchronous measurement device which is used for the cooperative work of core taking, mesoscopic structure detection and physical and mechanical parameter measurement of landslide rock-soil body drilling and is applied to the measurement while-drilling endoscopic drilling tool and the measurement method of landslide control engineering, and provides technical support for the theoretical research of a landslide control system and the evaluation of the landslide control engineering.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the endoscopic measurement while drilling method for in-situ survey of landslide control engineering comprises the following steps:
Installing a process parameter measuring nipple, a stratum parameter measuring nipple and an endoscopic imaging nipple on a single-acting double-tube drilling tool according to a certain sequence; single-acting double-pipe drilling tool for landslide small-caliber drilling coring is performed inside;
In the process of drilling a single-action double-tube drilling tool, measuring a plurality of technological parameters of the single-action double-tube drilling tool through a technological parameter measuring nipple;
in the drilling process of the single-action double-pipe drilling tool, stratum parameters are measured through stratum parameter measuring pup joints;
in the process of pulling out the single-action double-tube drilling tool, the full-hole section is imaged through the endoscopic imaging nipple.
The technological parameters include pump capacity, well depth, drilling speed, drilling weight, torque, rotation speed, bottom hole pressure and temperature.
According to the technical scheme, the measured stratum parameters comprise resistivity information of the stratum, and longitudinal wave, transverse wave and stoneley wave slowness in the landslide.
The invention also provides an in-situ survey while-drilling endoscopic measurement device for landslide control engineering, which comprises a single-acting double-pipe drilling tool, a process parameter measurement nipple, a stratum parameter measurement nipple and an endoscopic imaging nipple which are connected in a certain sequence; wherein:
Single-acting double-pipe drilling tool for landslide small-caliber drilling coring is performed inside;
The process parameter measuring nipple is used for measuring a plurality of process parameters in the tripping process;
the stratum parameter measuring nipple is used for measuring stratum parameters in the drilling process;
The endoscopic imaging nipple is used for imaging the full hole section in the process of tripping.
By adopting the technical scheme, the upper end of the single-action double-pipe drilling tool is connected with the insulation nipple for preventing electric leakage or short circuit in the drilling process.
The technical scheme is that the technical parameter measuring nipple is internally provided with a strain gauge for measuring torque and drilling pressure, a digital pressure sensor for measuring well hydraulic pressure, a gyroscope for measuring rotating speed, an absolute value encoder for detecting the position of a hook to indirectly measure well depth and drilling speed, and an electromagnetic flowmeter for measuring pump quantity.
According to the technical scheme, the stratum parameter measuring nipple comprises the resistivity measuring nipple, the resistivity measuring nipple is used for alternately emitting sinusoidal electromagnetic waves through the antenna in the drilling process, a primary electromagnetic field is established in the stratum, induced current is generated by stratum medium under the action of the primary electromagnetic field to excite a secondary electromagnetic field, and the resistivity is calculated by measuring relevant data of the two electromagnetic fields.
By adopting the technical scheme, the stratum parameter measuring nipple comprises an acoustic wave measuring nipple, and the acoustic wave measuring nipple is used for transmitting controlled acoustic wave pulses to surrounding stratum in the drilling process and measuring longitudinal wave, transverse wave and stoneley wave slowness in landslide; the sound wave measuring nipple comprises a transmitting probe, a sound insulator and a receiving probe, wherein the transmitting probe is used for generating a sound wave signal and sending the sound wave signal into a well; the sound insulation body is positioned between the transmitting probe and the receiving probe and plays roles in isolation and protection; the receiving probe is used to receive acoustic signals returned from the well and convert them into electrical signals.
By adopting the technical scheme, the endoscopic imaging nipple simultaneously obtains the visible light image and the infrared light image, and high-resolution reconstruction is carried out on the full-aperture segment image by a high-precision splicing imaging method based on characteristic point identification and matching.
By adopting the technical scheme, the single-action double-pipe drilling tool comprises an outer pipe and an inner pipe, a drill bit is arranged at the bottom of the outer pipe, and the outer pipe drives the drill bit to rotate under the drive of external force so as to drill; one end of the inner pipe and the outer pipe, which are far away from the drill bit, are connected through a mandrel, and the inner pipe is kept static in the drilling process under the action of the mandrel; the drill bit is provided with a drill bit, a drill bit is arranged on the drill bit, and the drill bit is connected with the drill bit;
the mandrel is provided with a water return valve seat, drilling fluid is downwards conveyed and flows to the drill bit through a gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, most of the drilling fluid flows away through an annular gap between the outer pipe and the wall of the drilling hole, and the small part of the drilling fluid rises and returns along the inner pipe and flows out of the inner pipe under the action of the water return valve seat.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the process parameter measurement nipple, the stratum parameter measurement nipple and the endoscopic imaging nipple are integrated on the single-acting double-pipe drilling tool according to a certain sequence, different parameter measurements are respectively carried out in the drilling, drilling and tripping processes of the single-acting double-pipe drilling tool, so that the integration of drilling coring-structure detection-parameter measurement is realized, the rapid in-situ acquisition of landslide rock-soil body structure and physical mechanical parameters is realized by fully utilizing drilling images and measurement while drilling data, the measurement while drilling parameters are comprehensive, and the measurement efficiency is greatly improved.
In addition, the space limitation of the small-caliber drilling well is adapted by miniaturizing the whole single-acting double-pipe drilling tool; by adopting the modularized design, each functional nipple can exist independently and be combined, so that drilling tools with different sizes can be adapted more easily, the influence of factors such as slurry circulation, drill rod vibration, narrow space and the like can be overcome, the influence of complex hole bottom environments, small-diameter constraint and the like can be adapted, the system reliability is high, the integration innovation degree is high, and different functional requirements are adapted.
Furthermore, the invention realizes measurement while drilling of pump quantity, well depth, drilling speed, drilling pressure, torque, rotating speed, bottom hole pressure and temperature through the process parameter measurement nipple.
Furthermore, measurement while drilling of the stratum wave velocity and the resistivity is realized through the stratum parameter measurement nipple, the electromagnetic wave resistivity is information which is further converted into the stratum resistivity through measuring the change of the amplitude (attenuation in the electromagnetic wave propagation process) and the phase (electromagnetic wave propagation time) of the electromagnetic wave between the different source distance receiving coils according to the electromagnetic wave propagation effect, namely the difference of the absorption of the electromagnetic wave by different stratum.
Further, through the while-drilling endoscopic imaging nipple, continuous observation and imaging of a borehole wall rock-soil body structure can be realized, and a 'visible light + infrared' binocular high-definition micro-distance camera is designed, so that the imaging nipple can be jointly composed of a binocular optical objective lens, a photosensitive element and a DSP (digital signal processor) image processor and is arranged on an endoscopic imaging probe rod, and the borehole wall structure is amplified in a short distance, so that the endoscopic imaging has the characteristics of high precision and high amplification factor.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the whole structure of an in-situ measurement while drilling endoscopic drilling tool for landslide control engineering in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a process parameter measurement nipple according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a resistivity sub in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an acoustic measurement nipple according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an endoscopic imaging nipple according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a single action double tube drilling tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a measurement process of a measurement while drilling endoscopic drilling tool for in-situ survey of landslide control engineering according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating strain gage distribution of a process parameter measurement nipple according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8B is a diagram illustrating strain gage distribution of a process parameter measurement nipple according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of parameters measured by a process parameter measurement nipple according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a compact formation parameter measurement nipple in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
In the above figures: 1-single-acting double-tube drilling tool, 2-insulating nipple, 3-process parameter measuring nipple, 4-resistivity measuring nipple, 5-sound wave measuring nipple, 6-endoscopic imaging nipple, 7-drainage hole, 8-weight-on-bit measuring strain circuit, 9-torque measuring strain circuit, 10-antenna unit, 11-communication short interface, 12-data reading port, 13-transmitting probe, 14-sound insulator, 15-receiving probe, 16-multi-camera micro-distance imaging unit, 17-LED auxiliary lighting, 18-outer tube joint, 19-outer tube, 20-inner tube, 21-lifting ring seat, 22-mandrel, 23-water return valve seat, 24-drill bit, 25-drill-down, 26-core drilling and measurement while drilling, 27-drill-up and endoscopic measurement.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the embodiments of the invention are merely schematic illustrations of the basic concepts of the invention, and thus only the components related to the invention are shown in the drawings, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of each component in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complex.
In the present application, it should also be noted that, as terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are used, the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated apparatus or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, are used for descriptive and distinguishing purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, the while-drilling endoscopic measurement device for in-situ survey of landslide control engineering in the embodiment of the invention comprises a single-acting double-pipe drilling tool 1, a process parameter measuring nipple 3, a stratum parameter measuring nipple and an endoscopic imaging nipple 6 which are connected in a certain order; wherein:
the single-acting double-pipe drilling tool 1 is used for carrying out small-caliber drilling coring on the inside of a landslide;
the process parameter measuring nipple 3 is used for measuring a plurality of process parameters in the tripping process;
the stratum parameter measuring nipple is used for measuring stratum parameters in the drilling process;
The endoscopic imaging nipple 6 is used to image the full bore section during the tripping process.
Wherein, the upper end of single acting double tube drilling tool 1 connects the gap nipple 2 for prevent electric leakage or short circuit in the drilling process.
The stratum parameter measuring nipple comprises a resistivity measuring nipple 4 and a sound wave measuring nipple 5. The resistivity measuring nipple 4 is used for alternately emitting sinusoidal electromagnetic waves through an antenna in the drilling process, establishing a primary electromagnetic field in the stratum, generating induced current by stratum medium under the action of the primary electromagnetic field to excite a secondary electromagnetic field, and calculating the resistivity by measuring related data of the two electromagnetic fields. Specifically, the electromagnetic wave resistivity is information further converted into formation resistivity by measuring the variation of the amplitude (attenuation in the electromagnetic wave propagation process) and the phase (electromagnetic wave propagation time) of the electromagnetic wave between the different source distance receiving coils according to the electromagnetic wave propagation effect, that is, the difference in the absorption of the electromagnetic wave by different formations. The antennas transmit electromagnetic wave signals (2 mhz or500 khz) of fixed frequency to the formation, the electromagnetic wave signals are received by the receiving antennas after passing through the formation, and the measured signals are absolute or raw measurements from each transmitting antenna to each receiving antenna. Embedded software may be used to calculate the compensation phase difference and amplitude ratio. The surface software may translate the phase difference to amplitude ratio into a resistivity value. The resistivity measuring nipple 4 measures the phase change and amplitude decay of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the formation. The magnetic wave propagates in the homogeneous medium to generate amplitude attenuation and phase shift, and the electromagnetic wave changes in different stratum with different resistivity.
The sound wave measuring nipple 5 is used for transmitting controlled sound wave pulses to surrounding stratum in the drilling process and measuring longitudinal wave, transverse wave and stoneley wave slowness in landslide; the sound wave measuring nipple comprises a transmitting probe, a sound insulator and a receiving probe, wherein the transmitting probe is used for generating a sound wave signal and sending the sound wave signal into a well; the sound insulation body is positioned between the transmitting probe and the receiving probe and plays roles in isolation and protection; the receiving probe is used to receive acoustic signals returned from the well and convert them into electrical signals.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, parameters measured by the process parameter measuring nipple 3 during the drilling process of the single action double pipe drilling tool 1 include pump capacity, well depth, drilling rate, weight on bit, torque, rotation speed, bottom hole pressure, temperature, etc. Weight on bit is measured by weight on bit measurement strain circuit 8 and torque is measured by torque measurement strain circuit 9. The measured bridge is in mV order, so that the bridge needs to be amplified, and the amplified bridge is stored in a memory chip through analog-digital conversion, and the pressure, the temperature and the rotating speed are digital signals and are collected and stored through I 2 C or SPI protocol. The well depth, drilling speed and pump quantity are collected and transmitted to a surface system at the surface through an incremental encoder and an electromagnetic flow sensor.
The main difficult-to-detect parameters of the technological parameter measuring nipple 3 are bit pressure, torque, rotating speed and well depth. As shown in fig. 9, the strain compensation method is studied for measurement of weight and torque, a filtering method is established for measurement of rotation speed to remove vibration impact noise, and an analysis and judgment method for drilling state is studied for measurement of well depth.
Taking weight on bit measurement as an example, in the weight on bit measurement, as shown in fig. 8A, a strain gauge R1 is parallel to the axis, a strain gauge R2 is perpendicular to the axis, and strain gauges R3 and R4 are symmetrically adhered to R1 and R2. In the strain gauges R1 and R3, the resistance change amounts with equal magnitudes and opposite signs are generated by the bending stress and offset, so that the subsequent calculation of the corresponding pressure is facilitated. When the axle pressure is generated, the measuring nipple is slightly deformed, so that the strain gauge is correspondingly deformed, and the axle pressure can be obtained by measuring the deformation through a subsequent circuit.
In the torque measurement, as shown in fig. 8B, strain gauges R1 and R2 are symmetrically stuck to the axis at 45 ° and R3 and R4 are symmetrically stuck to R1 and R2 in the strain gauge sticking manner of the torque measurement strain circuit 9. The drill rod is subjected to torque T and has the functions of axial force FP and bending moment M. And eliminating the influence of the two components, and adhering strain gauges when measuring torque according to the diagram. It is known from the material mechanics that when a circular shaft is twisted, the maximum tensile stress σ1= - σ2 (corresponding strain ε 1＝-ε2) is generated along the surface thereof at 45 ° to the axial direction.
As shown in fig. 3, the resistivity nipple 4 alternately emits sinusoidal electromagnetic waves through the antenna unit 10, establishes a primary electromagnetic field in the stratum, and generates induced current to excite a secondary field by the stratum medium under the action of the primary electromagnetic field. The amplitude ratio and the phase difference of the two receiving coils are respectively measured through the communication short interface 11 and the data reading port 12, and are further converted to obtain the resistivity information of the stratum, so that data and technical support are provided for building the landslide rock-soil body physical and mechanical parameter comprehensive intelligent inversion model.
As shown in fig. 4, the acoustic measurement nipple 5 mainly measures longitudinal, transverse and stoneley slowness, and the transmitting probe 13 is part of the acoustic measurement nipple and mainly functions to generate and transmit acoustic signals into the well. When the transmitting probe 13 is excited, electrical energy is converted to acoustic energy by a piezoelectric ceramic or the like, and an acoustic signal is propagated into the well. The sound insulator 14 is positioned between the transmitting probe and the receiving probe and plays a role in isolation and protection. In the measuring process, the sound insulator can reduce the influence of external interference on the sound wave signals, and ensure the accuracy and stability of the signals. Meanwhile, the sound insulator 14 can also help to adjust the propagation path of sound waves, so that the measurement accuracy and reliability are improved. The receiving probe 15 is a device for receiving acoustic signals returned from the well. Once the acoustic signals are reflected or scattered by the medium in the well, the receiving probe 15 is able to capture these signals and convert them into electrical signals.
Therefore, the stratum parameter measuring nipple can realize measurement while drilling of stratum wave speed and resistivity. The system is a single-transmitting double-receiving while-drilling acoustic logging system, extracts underground acoustic time difference in real time, and has the specific structure shown in fig. 10, wherein a communication nipple, an acquisition control storage current, a 2/4 receiving probe, a sound insulator, an emitting probe and an HV & emitting controller (HV, high Voltage) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The external diameter of the pup joint can be designed to be phi 110mm, and the array acoustic logging instrument with single-pole transmitting and single-pole receiving of one-sending and two-receiving (four-receiving) is designed on the basis of considering the whole circuit installation space of the instrument due to the limited circuit installation space.
As shown in fig. 5, the endoscopic imaging nipple 6 realizes full-aperture Duan Tuxiang high-resolution reconstruction by using a high-precision splicing imaging method based on feature point identification matching, and the multi-camera macro imaging unit 16 is composed of a binocular optical objective, a photosensitive element and a DSP image processor, and is arranged on an endoscopic imaging probe rod to observe targets from different angles and measure target distances. The infrared light sensing elements and the visible light sensing elements can be symmetrically arranged, and the two light sensing elements form a certain included angle with each other and observe the same area. Under the cooperation of the LED auxiliary lighting module 17, a visible light image and an infrared light image are obtained at the same time, and a long-focus objective lens is adopted, so that the hole wall structure is enlarged in a close range in a manner of clinging to a window, and the characteristics of high precision and high magnification are achieved.
As shown in fig. 6, the single-action double-tube drilling tool 1 comprises an outer tube 19 and an inner tube 20, a drill bit 24 is arranged at the bottom of the outer tube, and the outer tube 19 drives the drill bit 24 to drill in a rotary mode under the driving of external force; the drill bit 24 is the bottommost component of the drill tool for cutting rock for drilling operations. The drill bit 24 cuts the rock during rotation to form a core sample that is subsequently captured by the inner tube 20. One end of the inner tube and the outer tube, which is far away from the drill bit, is connected through a mandrel 22, and the inner tube 20 is kept static in the drilling process under the action of the mandrel 22; the inner tube 20 is provided with a stripper ring seat 21 at one end near the drill bit 24, i.e. the stripper ring seat 21 is mounted at the bottom of the inner tube and connected with the mandrel 22 through the inner tube 20. As the drill bit 24 rotates and drills down, the core sample enters the static inner tube, and when the core sample needs to be extracted, the core sample is cut by lifting the lifting ring seat 21, so that the core is sampled; the spindle 22 is provided with a water return valve seat 23, and the spindle 22 is mainly connected with the water return valve seat 23 and keeps the inner tube 20 stationary. A return valve seat 23 is located in the lower part of the mandrel and serves to control the flow direction of the drilling fluid. The drilling fluid is conveyed downwards through the gap between the inner tube and the outer tube to flow to the drill bit 24, wherein most of the drilling fluid flows away through the water gap and the lip surface of the drill bit and along the annular gap between the drill bit 24 and the wall of the drill hole, and a small part of the drilling fluid rises and returns along the inner tube 20 and flows out of the inner tube 20 under the action of the water return valve seat 23.
Further, the outer tube 19 of the single acting double tube drilling tool 1 is connected to an external drive mechanism by means of a screwed outer tube connection 18. The outer tube 19 and the mandrel 22 can be connected through two pairs of bearings, the outer ring of the bearings is connected with the outer tube 19, the inner ring of the bearings is connected with the mandrel 22, the mandrel 22 and the inner tube 20 can be connected through threads, and the inner tube 20 and the lifting ring seat 21 can also be connected through threads. When the outer tube joint 18 is driven by an external driving mechanism to rotate, the outer tube 19 is driven to rotate, and the outer tube 19 drives the drill bit 24 to rotate, so that drilling movement is realized. Since the outer tube 19 is connected to the outer ring of the rolling bearing, the inner ring is connected to the mandrel 22, and the mandrel 22 and the inner tube 22 may remain stationary during the drilling process.
It can be seen that the outer tube 19 of the present invention is the outer portion of the single action double tube drilling tool 1 which provides structural support, and that the function of the outer tube 19 also includes protection of the inner tube from direct contact by rock and other substances. During drilling, the inner tube 20 remains stationary and does not rotate to reduce disturbance to the core sample. During drilling, the outer tube 19 is connected to the drill via the outer tube joint 18, and the outer tube 19 drives the drill bit 24 to rotate for drilling. Drilling fluid flows down from the drill through the outer tube 19, is directed around the drill bit 24 past the return valve seat 23, and then returns to the surface along the gap between the inner tube 20 and the core. This cools the drill bit 24, clears away cuttings, and protects the core sample.
The landslide rock-soil body investigation drilling aperture is small, the stratum is relatively loose and broken, the drilling process is complicated, the device is easily influenced by factors such as slurry circulation, drill rod vibration, narrow space and the like, the near-bit measurement while drilling device in the petroleum drilling field is large in size, and the device is mainly used for displaying the oil-gas content of the stratum, so that the related technology of measurement while drilling in the petroleum drilling cannot be suitable for the landslide rock-soil body investigation drilling with small aperture. The invention adopts the measurement while drilling device with small aperture for loose broken stratum, can be better suitable for landslide rock-soil body investigation and drilling, and provides accurate measurement data for identifying landslide rock-soil body structure and physical and mechanical parameters.
As shown in fig. 7, the while-drilling endoscopic measurement process for in-situ survey of landslide control engineering of the present invention can be divided into three main parts: a drill down 25, a core drilling and while drilling measurement 26, and a pull-up and peeping measurement 27. Firstly, installing a process parameter measuring nipple, a stratum parameter measuring nipple and an endoscopic imaging nipple on a single-acting double-tube drilling tool according to a certain sequence; in the process of drilling a single-action double-tube drilling tool, measuring a plurality of technological parameters of the single-action double-tube drilling tool through a technological parameter measuring nipple; in the drilling process of the single-action double-pipe drilling tool, stratum parameters are measured through stratum parameter measuring pup joints; in the process of pulling out the single-action double-tube drilling tool, the full-hole section is imaged through the endoscopic imaging nipple.
Further, parameters and image acquisition measured while drilling in the drilling process can be transmitted to the ground through wireless transmission (such as Bluetooth), then data are processed and comprehensively inverted, and finally the identification of the microstructure of the rock sample is realized through the inversion result.
Specifically, during the tripping process, the measurement of process parameters is started, wherein the process parameters comprise a strain gauge for measuring the weight on bit and the torque, a digital pressure sensor for measuring the well hydraulic pressure, a gyroscope for measuring the rotating speed, an absolute encoder for detecting the position of a hook to indirectly measure the well depth and the drilling speed, and an electromagnetic flowmeter for measuring the pump quantity. When drilling to a specific depth, the single-action double-pipe drilling tool starts to perform the coring operation. At this time, the measuring part of stratum parameters (comprising resistivity and acoustic wave measuring pup joint) is used for calculating the resistivity information of the stratum by measuring the amplitude (reflecting the attenuation of electromagnetic waves in the propagation process) and the phase (reflecting the propagation time of electromagnetic waves) of the electromagnetic waves between receiving coils with different distances, and is mainly used for real-time while-drilling acquisition of the physical and mechanical parameters of landslide rock and soil bodies. The acoustic measurement nipple evaluates important geological parameters of the stratum, such as elastic modulus, porosity, fluid saturation and the like, by measuring the propagation velocity of acoustic waves in the stratum. The sonic transmitting means transmits controlled sonic pulses to the surrounding formation during drilling. The acoustic waves travel through the borehole wall and into the surrounding formation. The propagation velocity of acoustic waves in a formation may be affected by formation type, density, porosity, water content, and the like. The receivers are set at a distance from the source, and as acoustic waves in the formation propagate to reach the receivers, they capture the acoustic waves. By measuring the time required for the sound wave to be transmitted to be received, the propagation velocity of the sound wave in the formation can be calculated in combination with the distance between the transmission source and the receiver. Typically, formation wave velocity data is transmitted to a surface receiving system via a surface receiving antenna. In the tripping process, the endoscopic imaging nipple begins its workflow to assist the LED illumination to help identify important geological information such as formation characteristics, cracks, porosity, etc. The multi-camera macro imaging unit captures well wall images and transmits the well wall images to the ground in real time through the measurement while drilling system to provide key geological data.
It should be noted that each step/component described in the present application may be split into more steps/components, or two or more steps/components or part of operations of the steps/components may be combined into new steps/components, according to the implementation needs, to achieve the object of the present application.
The sequence numbers of the steps in the above embodiments do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of the processes should be determined according to the functions and internal logic, and should not limit the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for measuring the landslide control engineering in situ survey while drilling is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Installing a process parameter measuring nipple, a stratum parameter measuring nipple and an endoscopic imaging nipple on a single-acting double-tube drilling tool according to a certain sequence; single-acting double-pipe drilling tool for landslide small-caliber drilling coring is performed inside;
In the process of drilling a single-action double-tube drilling tool, measuring a plurality of technological parameters of the single-action double-tube drilling tool through a technological parameter measuring nipple;
in the drilling process of the single-action double-pipe drilling tool, stratum parameters are measured through stratum parameter measuring pup joints;
in the process of pulling out the single-action double-tube drilling tool, the full-hole section is imaged through the endoscopic imaging nipple.
2. The method of endoscopic measurement while drilling for in situ survey of landslide control works of claim 1 wherein the process parameters include pump capacity, well depth, rate of penetration, weight on bit, torque, rotational speed, bottom hole pressure and temperature.
3. The method of endoscopic measurement while drilling for in situ surveys of landslide control works of claim 1, wherein said measured formation parameters comprise resistivity information of the formation and longitudinal, transverse and stoneley wave slowness inside the landslide.
4. The device for measuring the in-situ survey of the landslide prevention engineering by peeping while drilling is characterized by comprising a single-acting double-pipe drilling tool, a process parameter measuring nipple, a stratum parameter measuring nipple and an endoscopic imaging nipple which are connected in a certain sequence; wherein:
Single-acting double-pipe drilling tool for landslide small-caliber drilling coring is performed inside;
The process parameter measuring nipple is used for measuring a plurality of process parameters in the tripping process;
the stratum parameter measuring nipple is used for measuring stratum parameters in the drilling process;
The endoscopic imaging nipple is used for imaging the full hole section in the process of tripping.
5. The endoscopic measurement while drilling device for in-situ survey of landslide control works of claim 4 wherein the upper end of the single action double tube drilling tool is connected to a gap nipple for preventing leakage or short circuit during drilling.
6. The in-situ survey of landslide control works while drilling endoscopic measuring device of claim 4 wherein the technological parameter measuring nipple is internally provided with a strain gauge for measuring torque and weight on bit, a digital pressure sensor for measuring well hydraulic pressure, a gyroscope for measuring rotational speed, an absolute value encoder for detecting the position of a hook to indirectly measure well depth and drilling rate, and an electromagnetic flowmeter for measuring pump quantity.
7. The endoscopic measurement while drilling device for in-situ survey of landslide control works of claim 4 wherein the stratum parameter measuring nipple comprises a resistivity measuring nipple for alternately emitting sinusoidal electromagnetic waves through the antenna during drilling, creating a primary electromagnetic field in the stratum, exciting a secondary electromagnetic field by induced current generated by the stratum medium under the action of the primary electromagnetic field, and calculating resistivity by measuring the data related to the two electromagnetic fields.
8. The endoscopic measurement while drilling device for in-situ survey of landslide control works of claim 4 wherein the formation parameter measuring nipple comprises a sonic measuring nipple for transmitting controlled sonic pulses to surrounding formations during drilling to measure longitudinal, transverse and stoneley wave slowness inside the landslide; the sound wave measuring nipple comprises a transmitting probe, a sound insulator and a receiving probe, wherein the transmitting probe is used for generating a sound wave signal and sending the sound wave signal into a well; the sound insulation body is positioned between the transmitting probe and the receiving probe and plays roles in isolation and protection; the receiving probe is used to receive acoustic signals returned from the well and convert them into electrical signals.
9. The endoscopic measurement while drilling device for in-situ survey of landslide control engineering according to claim 1, wherein the endoscopic imaging nipple simultaneously obtains a visible light image and an infrared light image, and high-resolution reconstruction is carried out on the full-aperture segment image by a high-precision stitching imaging method based on characteristic point identification matching.
10. The device for in-situ survey of landslide control engineering according to claim 1, wherein the single-action double-pipe drilling tool comprises an outer pipe and an inner pipe, a drill bit is arranged at the bottom of the outer pipe, and the drill bit is driven by the outer pipe to rotate for drilling by external force; one end of the inner pipe and the outer pipe, which are far away from the drill bit, are connected through a mandrel, and the inner pipe is kept static in the drilling process under the action of the mandrel; the drill bit is provided with a drill bit, a drill bit is arranged on the drill bit, and the drill bit is connected with the drill bit;
the mandrel is provided with a water return valve seat, drilling fluid is downwards conveyed and flows to the drill bit through a gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, most of the drilling fluid flows away through an annular gap between the outer pipe and the wall of the drilling hole, and the small part of the drilling fluid rises and returns along the inner pipe and flows out of the inner pipe under the action of the water return valve seat.
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