CN117514120B - Vertical well methane in-situ blasting fracturing device and method - Google Patents
Vertical well methane in-situ blasting fracturing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117514120B CN117514120B CN202410015568.4A CN202410015568A CN117514120B CN 117514120 B CN117514120 B CN 117514120B CN 202410015568 A CN202410015568 A CN 202410015568A CN 117514120 B CN117514120 B CN 117514120B
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008713 feedback mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 90
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009430 construction management Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/028—Electrical or electro-magnetic connections
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/12—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of casings or tubings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a straight well methane in-situ blasting fracturing device and method, which belong to the field of blasting fracturing and comprise a sleeve and perforations uniformly formed on the outer circular surface of the sleeve, wherein an upper oil pipe and a lower oil pipe are arranged in the sleeve, and are rotationally connected through an arranged ventilation switching mechanism; a lower packer is arranged at the inner bottom of the sleeve, an upper packer is arranged at the upper end of the inner part of the sleeve, and an upper oil pipe penetrates through the upper packer; the lower end of the inner part of the upper oil pipe is provided with a first piston in a sliding manner, and the first piston is provided with a first electromagnetic valve; the upper end in the upper oil pipe is slidably provided with a second piston. According to the application, the sufficiency of methane gas in the explosion process can be ensured, the integral oil pipe is split into the upper oil pipe and the lower oil pipe, and the communication state of the upper oil pipe and the lower oil pipe is switched by the ventilation switching mechanism, so that the separate conveying temporary storage work of combustion-supporting gas and methane gas is respectively completed, and the safety of construction operation is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of blasting fracturing, in particular to a straight well methane in-situ blasting fracturing device and method.
Background
Because reservoirs such as dense gas, shale gas and the like generally have the characteristics of low porosity and low permeability, fracturing is a necessary means for realizing commercial exploitation of the reservoirs; the explosion fracturing technology is also called aerodynamic force seam making, aerodynamic force pulse fracturing, thermochemical treatment, propellant fracturing and the like, and is a novel technology for increasing the production and injection of oil-gas wells by utilizing high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by rapid combustion of gunpowder or rocket propellant.
The explosion fracturing technology enables a reservoir to be fractured by means of higher instantaneous explosion pressure, can effectively reform the reservoir of compact, hypotonic and other complex oil and gas reservoirs, can break through stress concentration, promote complex seam network development, is low in cost and pollution-free, but the conventional explosion technology generally injects explosive formed by mixing a combustion agent and a combustion improver into a well bottom stratum at the same time, the explosive is generally an military product, the safety problem in the transportation and injection process cannot be avoided, the detonation range is limited, and the explosion fracturing technology has great potential safety hazards in the manufacturing, transportation, storage and throwing processes, and also has high requirements on the construction management capability of staff.
Aiming at the problems, chinese patent with the authority of publication No. CN112983383B discloses a straight-well methane in-situ blasting fracturing device and method, the device utilizes a pump truck to pump low-density well killing liquid from an oil sleeve annulus to replace original well killing liquid, in the process, a target layer mixed fluid is discharged through a one-way valve of a detonation device, when a wellhead detects methane gas, the high-density well killing liquid is transferred, the one-way valve is closed, a cavity of the detonation device and the oil sleeve annulus are filled with gas, finally, rod throwing operation is carried out from the wellhead, a lower pressure bearing disc is sheared and broken by huge impact force, a combustion improver and a clamp holder are in quick contact with a firing pin, so that the methane gas of the stratum is blasted, and blast air flows are ejected along a sleeve hole at a high speed, so that the stratum is blasted and cracked.
The prior art provides a new blasting mode for blasting fracturing operation is safer and more efficient, construction risk and cost are reduced when traditional blasting effect is achieved, but in the actual use process, because shale reservoir is very compact, enough methane gas can not be resolved after a new well is perforated for blasting fracturing, meanwhile, the amount of solid combustion improver provided by the prior art can not be enough, and still the blasting effect can be influenced, so that methane gas is required to be injected into a well section of a target horizon in the first round of blasting process, and gas combustion improvers such as oxygen are injected for blasting. However, the shale gas well has a deeper depth, the diameter of the shaft is small, the difficulty of respectively conveying methane gas and oxygen by adopting two casing strings is high, and the methane gas and the gas combustion improver can be conveyed only by adopting a mode of sequential injection or simultaneous injection of one casing string. However, in either method, the methane gas and the gas combustion improver are mixed in the whole shaft, so that the vibration, friction and the like of the pipe column in the construction process can possibly detonate the methane gas and the combustion improver. Because the whole shaft is filled with gas in the conveying process, once the careless blasting pressure is transmitted to the wellhead and the ground equipment through the shaft, construction failure is caused, even a large safety accident is caused, and a large safety risk is brought to the whole conveying process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a straight well methane in-situ blasting fracturing device and method.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The in-situ methane explosion fracturing device for the vertical well comprises a sleeve and perforations uniformly formed in the outer circular surface of the sleeve, wherein an upper oil pipe and a lower oil pipe are arranged in the sleeve, and the upper oil pipe and the lower oil pipe are rotationally connected through a ventilation switching mechanism;
a lower packer is arranged at the inner bottom of the sleeve, an upper packer is arranged at the upper end of the inner part of the sleeve, and an upper oil pipe penetrates through the upper packer; the lower end of the inner part of the upper oil pipe is provided with a first piston in a sliding manner, and the first piston is provided with a first electromagnetic valve; the upper end of the inner part of the upper oil pipe is provided with a second piston in a sliding way;
Two communicating excitation mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the interior of the lower oil pipe, and the two communicating excitation mechanisms jointly support the preliminary solid combustion improver; the bottom of the oil discharging pipe is provided with a firing pin unit; a limiting groove is formed in the lower packer, and a limiting block corresponding to the limiting groove is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer circular surface of the lower oil pipe.
Further, the ventilation switching mechanism comprises a mounting flange fixedly connected to the edge of the bottom of the upper oil pipe, a rotating groove is formed in the mounting flange in a penetrating manner, an inner semicircular cover body is fixedly connected to the top of the lower oil pipe, and the top end of the inner semicircular cover body is rotationally connected with the mounting flange through the rotating groove; the bottom of the outer circular surface of the mounting flange is fixedly connected with an outer semicircular cover body; the inner cambered surface of the outer semicircular cover body is also provided with a leakage-proof mechanism matched with the inner semicircular cover body;
The bottom of the inner circular surface of the upper oil pipe is fixedly connected with a rotary connecting column, the top end of the lower oil pipe is fixedly connected with a fixed semicircular cover plate, the lower end of the rotary connecting column penetrates through the fixed semicircular cover plate and is rotationally connected with the fixed semicircular cover plate, and the bottom of the rotary connecting column is fixedly connected with a movable semicircular cover plate.
Further, the movable semicircular cover plate and the outer semicircular cover body are symmetrically arranged about the rotary connecting column, and the fixed semicircular cover plate and the inner semicircular cover body are arranged on the same side of the rotary connecting column.
Further, the anti-leakage mechanism comprises two longitudinal separation air bags fixedly connected to two ends of the inner cambered surface of the outer semicircular cover body and an annular separation air bag fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner cambered surface of the outer semicircular cover body, and the longitudinal separation air bags and the annular separation air bags are in a negative pressure state initially; the bottom of the annular separation air bag is provided with an electromagnetic one-way valve, and the upper surface of the movable semicircular cover plate is provided with a second pressing switch.
Further, when the outer semicircular cover body and the inner semicircular cover body form a closed channel after rotating, the second pressing switch is just pressed by the fixed semicircular cover plate.
Further, an anti-rotation mechanism for preventing the lower oil pipe from rotating in the arrangement process is further arranged in the rotating groove, the anti-rotation mechanism comprises an electromagnet ring arranged at the top of the rotating groove, a lower magnet corresponding to the electromagnet ring is arranged at the top of the inner semicircular cover body, and a magnetic field of the electromagnet ring is adsorbed with the lower magnet after the electromagnet ring is electrified; the middle position of the bottom of the limit groove is also provided with a first push switch for controlling the working state of the electromagnet ring.
Further, the inside bottom mounting of going up oil pipe is equipped with the feedback mechanism that is used for controlling the switching mechanism work that ventilates, and feedback mechanism is including linking firmly in the lower ring body of going up oil pipe interior round surface bottom, and lower ring body upper surface has linked firmly evenly distributed's pressing spring, and pressing spring's upper end has linked firmly the ring body jointly, and lower ring body upper surface one side is equipped with pressure sensor, and the ring body is equipped with the pressing post that corresponds with pressure sensor.
Further, the communication excitation mechanism comprises a communication port which is formed in the side wall of the lower oil pipe, the top of the communication port is rotationally connected with an arc-shaped partition plate through a hinge, one side bottom of the arc-shaped partition plate is fixedly connected with a balancing weight, the top of the other side of the arc-shaped partition plate is fixedly connected with a bearing extrusion plate, the bearing extrusion plates in the two communication excitation mechanisms realize the bearing of the preliminary solid combustion improver, and the lower oil pipe inner circular surface is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped limiting plate at a position close to the lower part of the communication port; the upper end of the lower oil pipe is also provided with an anti-impact mechanism.
Further, the anti-impact mechanism comprises a lower fixing ring and an upper fixing ring which are fixedly connected to the side wall of the lower oil pipe, the upper surface of the lower fixing ring is annular and fixedly connected with impact springs which are uniformly distributed, the upper ends of the impact springs are fixedly connected with impact hole plates together, and the impact hole plates are flush with the upper surface of the upper fixing ring when the impact springs are in original length.
The application method of the straight well methane in-situ combustion explosion fracturing device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: sequentially lowering the casing, the oil feeding pipe, the oil discharging pipe and related components into a well and completing arrangement;
S2: pumping a gas combustion improver such as oxygen into the upward oil pipe, after the pressure of the gas combustion improver reaches the standard, putting the first piston into the upward oil pipe, continuously pumping methane gas into the upward oil pipe, putting the second piston after the pressure of the methane gas reaches the standard, and finally pumping well control liquid into the upward oil pipe, and continuously pushing the first piston and the second piston to move downwards;
S3: after the first piston extrudes the feedback mechanism, the feedback mechanism controls the driving equipment fixedly connected with the wellhead and the upper oil pipe to rotate the upper oil pipe, so that the ventilation switching mechanism works, and the separation storage of the gas combustion improver and methane gas is realized;
S4: the heavy rod is put into the upward oil pipe, the rod casting operation is carried out, and the impact generated by the heavy rod and the bottom hole pressure difference lead the heavy rod to directly press the primary solid combustion improver to collide with the firing pin unit, so as to primarily ignite methane gas;
s5: meanwhile, under the extrusion of the heavy rod, the communication excitation mechanism works, so that the gas combustion improver is communicated and mixed with methane gas to finish the blasting of the methane gas, and blasting airflow is ejected along the perforation at a high speed, so that the target soil layer is impacted and fractured, and the blasting and fracturing work is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Compared with the prior art, the application can ensure the sufficiency of methane gas in the blasting process, avoid the problem that enough methane gas can not be resolved for blasting and fracturing after a new well is perforated, ensure the sufficiency of the combustion improver in the whole blasting and fracturing process through the cooperation of the primary solid combustion improver and the combustion improver, improve the blasting and fracturing effect, and finally, separate and temporary storage work of the combustion improver and the methane gas by switching the communication state of the upper oil pipe and the lower oil pipe by utilizing the ventilation switching mechanism by splitting the integral oil pipe into the upper oil pipe and the lower oil pipe, and further reduce the probability of the methane gas and the combustion improver detonated by pipe column vibration, friction and the like in the construction process to the greatest extent, thereby ensuring the safety of construction operation;
(2) According to the application, the leakage-proof mechanism is arranged, so that a gap between the outer semicircular cover body and the inner semicircular cover body can be sealed, the complete separation of combustion improver gas and methane gas is ensured, the separation effect of the ventilation switching mechanism is further improved, meanwhile, the opening time of the first electromagnetic valve on the first piston can be simultaneously controlled when the second pressing switch is pressed, the automatic accurate control is realized, and the situation that the first electromagnetic valve is opened when the outer semicircular cover body and the inner semicircular cover body are not rotated to a station, and the methane gas and the combustion improver gas are mixed is prevented;
(3) According to the application, the anti-rotation mechanism is arranged, the electromagnet ring is electrified in the pipe descending process, a magnetic field adsorbed by the lower magnet is generated, the inner semicircular cover body and the upper oil pipe are further fixed, the phenomenon that the inner semicircular cover body and the lower oil pipe rotate due to collision and the like in the pipe descending process is prevented, in addition, the first pressing switch is arranged in the limiting groove, after the pipe descending is completed, the lower oil pipe can press the first pressing switch, so that the first pressing switch controls the electromagnet ring electrically connected with the first pressing switch to be powered off, and the normal rotation work of the ventilation switching mechanism is ensured;
(4) According to the application, the feedback mechanism is arranged, when methane gas continuously pushes the first piston to continuously move downwards, the position of the contact feedback mechanism is set to be in a required gas pressure state, at the moment, the upper ring body is extruded and the pressing column is driven to press the pressure sensor along with the continuous downward movement of the first piston for a small distance, and the pressure sensor is communicated with the communication module, so that a signal can be transmitted to the ground control system after being pressed, and a worker can timely control the ventilation switching mechanism to start working;
(5) According to the application, the communication excitation mechanism is arranged, the support of the preliminary solid combustion improver is realized by the support extrusion plates in the two communication excitation mechanisms, the support stability of the preliminary solid combustion improver can be ensured by the balancing weight level arc limiting plate, after the rod is thrown, the heavy rod presses the preliminary solid combustion improver to collide with the firing pin unit, and meanwhile, the heavy rod extrudes the support extrusion plates at two sides, so that the support extrusion plates drive the arc-shaped separation plates and the balancing weight to rotate, and the communication port is opened, thereby facilitating automatic communication and mixing of combustion-supporting gas and methane gas;
(6) According to the application, by arranging the anti-impact mechanism, when high-pressure methane gas enters the oil discharging pipe, the impact hole plate is impacted at first, the impact hole plate is pressed and extruded by the impact spring, so that the impact hole plate moves downwards, the methane gas passes through a gap between the upper fixing ring and the impact hole plate, and small holes on the impact hole plate enter the oil discharging pipe, the direct impact of the high-pressure methane gas on the primary solid combustion improver is avoided, the placement stability of the primary solid combustion improver is improved, and meanwhile, the problem of early mixing of the gas caused by short opening of a communication port can be prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the semi-sectional structure of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention in semi-section with the sleeve removed from FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2A according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the feedback mechanism of FIG. 4 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the invention of FIG. 1 with the sleeve removed;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 6C in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2B according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate:
1. a sleeve; 2. an oil feeding pipe;
3. a feedback mechanism; 31. a lower ring body; 32. an upper ring body; 33. pressing the column; 34. a pressure sensor; 35. pressing the spring;
4. a ventilation switching mechanism; 41. a mounting flange; 42. a rotating groove; 43. an outer semicircular cap; 44. an inner semicircular cap; 45. rotating the connecting column; 46. fixing a semicircular cover plate; 47. a movable semicircular cover plate; 48. a lower magnet; 49. an electromagnet ring; 410. a first press switch; 411. longitudinally separating the air bags; 412. an annular separation balloon; 413. a second push switch; 414. an electromagnetic one-way valve;
5. an anti-impact mechanism; 51. a lower fixing ring; 52. an upper fixing ring; 53. an impingement orifice plate; 54. an impact spring;
6. A communication excitation mechanism; 61. a communication port; 62. an arc-shaped partition plate; 63. balancing weight; 64. an arc limiting plate; 65. supporting the extrusion plate;
7. Perforating; 8. a second piston; 9. setting a packer; 10. a preliminary solid combustion improver; 11. an oil discharging pipe; 12. a striker unit; 13. a limiting block; 14. a limit groove; 15. a lower packer; 16. a first piston; 17. a first electromagnetic valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a straight well methane in-situ combustion and explosion fracturing device comprises a sleeve 1 and perforations 7 uniformly formed on the outer circular surface of the sleeve 1, wherein an upper oil pipe 2 and a lower oil pipe 11 are arranged in the sleeve 1, and the upper oil pipe 2 and the lower oil pipe 11 are rotationally connected through a ventilation switching mechanism 4;
The lower packer 15 is arranged at the inner bottom of the sleeve 1, the upper packer 9 is arranged at the upper end of the inner part of the sleeve 1, and the upper oil pipe 2 is arranged through the upper packer 9; the lower end of the inner part of the upper oil pipe 2 is provided with a first piston 16 in a sliding manner, and the first piston 16 is provided with a first electromagnetic valve 17; the upper end of the inside of the upper oil pipe 2 is provided with a second piston 8 in a sliding manner;
two communicating excitation mechanisms 6 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the interior of the lower oil pipe 11, and the two communicating excitation mechanisms 6 jointly support a preliminary solid combustion improver 10; the bottom of the oil discharging pipe 11 is provided with a firing pin unit 12; the lower packer 15 is internally provided with a limit groove 14, and the bottom of the outer circular surface of the lower oil pipe 11 is fixedly connected with a limit block 13 corresponding to the limit groove 14.
The ventilation switching mechanism 4 comprises a mounting flange 41 fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the upper oil pipe 2, a rotating groove 42 is formed in the mounting flange 41 in a penetrating manner, an inner semicircular cover body 44 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower oil pipe 11, and the top end of the inner semicircular cover body 44 is rotatably connected with the mounting flange 41 through the rotating groove 42; an outer semicircular cover body 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer circular surface of the mounting flange 41; the inner cambered surface of the outer semicircular cover body 43 is also provided with a leakage-proof mechanism matched with the inner semicircular cover body 44;
the bottom of the inner circular surface of the upper oil pipe 2 is fixedly connected with a rotary connecting column 45, the top end of the lower oil pipe 11 is fixedly connected with a fixed semicircular cover plate 46, the lower end of the rotary connecting column 45 penetrates through the fixed semicircular cover plate 46 and is rotationally connected with the fixed semicircular cover plate 46, and the bottom of the rotary connecting column 45 is fixedly connected with a movable semicircular cover plate 47.
As shown in fig. 7, the movable semicircular cover plate 47 and the outer semicircular cover body 43 are symmetrically arranged about the rotation connecting column 45, and the fixed semicircular cover plate 46 and the inner semicircular cover body 44 are arranged on the same side of the rotation connecting column 45.
When the device is used, the sleeve 1 is firstly put into a well, then the lower packer 15 is put into the sleeve 1, then the assembly formed by the upper oil pipe 2, the ventilation switching mechanism 4 and the lower oil pipe 11 is put into the sleeve 1, finally the upper packer 9 is put into the sleeve, the arrangement work of each unit is completed, then combustion-supporting gas such as oxygen and the like is pumped into the upper oil pipe 2, in an initial state, the movable semicircular cover plate 47 and the fixed semicircular cover plate 46 form a circular cover plate, the lower oil pipe 11 is sealed, meanwhile, the fixed semicircular cover plate 46 and the inner semicircular cover body 44 are arranged on the same side of the rotary connecting column 45, so that combustion-supporting gas enters an annular space formed by the sleeve 1, the upper oil pipe 2, the lower oil pipe 11, the lower packer 15 and the upper packer 9 from the side for temporary storage when passing through the ventilation switching mechanism 4, after the concentration and the pressure of the combustion-supporting gas reach the requirements, the first piston 16 is put into the upper oil pipe 2, then the methane gas is continuously pumped into the upper oil pipe 2, and the first piston 16 continuously moves downwards under the pressure of the methane gas;
After the concentration and the pressure of methane gas reach the requirements, a second piston 8 is downwards arranged in the upper oil pipe 2, finally, well killing liquid is pumped into the upper oil pipe 2, and under the pressure of the well killing liquid, the first piston 16 reaches a preset position, at the moment, the pumping of the well killing liquid is stopped, the ventilation switching mechanism 4 is controlled to work, and the connection states of the upper oil pipe 2 and the lower oil pipe 11 are switched; when the ventilation switching mechanism 4 specifically works, the upper oil pipe 2 is driven to slowly rotate through a driving device (such as a high-power motor and the like) fixedly connected with the top of the upper oil pipe 2 at a wellhead (an inner semicircular cover 44 is rotationally connected with the upper oil pipe 2 through a rotating groove 42, so that the upper oil pipe 2 is in a movable connection relationship, simultaneously, after the lower oil pipe is discharged, the lower oil pipe 11 can be inserted into a limiting groove 14 in the lower packer 15, the situation that the lower oil pipe 11 follows rotation when the upper oil pipe 2 rotates can be prevented by utilizing the cooperation between the limiting block 13 and the limiting groove 14), after the upper oil pipe 2 rotates 180 degrees (namely, the upper oil pipe 2 rotates 180 degrees anticlockwise at the view angle of fig. 6), the outer semicircular cover 43 rotates to a position symmetrical with the inner semicircular cover 44 about a rotating connecting column 45, and further separation of the annular space and the upper oil pipe 2 is realized, meanwhile, the rotating connecting column 45 fixedly connected with the upper oil pipe 2 is driven to rotate, so that the movable semicircular cover 47 is driven to rotate 180 degrees, the fixed semicircular cover 46 vertically coincides with the fixed semicircular cover 46, a channel between the upper oil pipe 2 and the lower oil pipe 11 is opened, then a first piston 16 is opened, the first electromagnetic valve 17 and a methane gas is stored in the upper oil pipe 11, and the methane is stored in the first piston 16, and the methane is stored in the lower oil pipe 11, and the methane channel is completely stored in the upper oil pipe 11;
After the operation, the combustion-supporting gas and the methane gas respectively finish the separation, transportation and temporary storage, and finally, heavy rods are put into the oil pipe 2 for rod casting operation, and impact generated by the heavy rods and bottom hole pressure difference are carried out, so that the heavy rods directly crush parts in the pipe, and the preliminary solid combustion improver 10 is pressed to collide with the firing pin unit 12 to initially ignite the methane gas; meanwhile, under the extrusion of the heavy rod, the communication excitation mechanism 6 works, so that the gas combustion improver is communicated and mixed with methane gas to complete the blasting of the methane gas, and blasting airflow is ejected along the perforation 7 at a high speed to enable the target soil layer to impact and fracture, so as to complete the blasting and fracturing work.
Compared with the prior art, the application can firstly ensure the sufficiency of methane gas in the blasting process, avoid the problem that enough methane gas cannot be resolved for blasting and fracturing after a new well is perforated, secondly ensure the sufficiency of the combustion improver in the whole blasting and fracturing process through the cooperation of the primary solid combustion improver 10 and the combustion improver, improve the blasting and fracturing effect, and finally, separate and conveying work of the combustion improver and the methane gas by switching the communication states of the upper oil pipe 2 and the lower oil pipe 11 through the ventilation switching mechanism 4 by splitting the integral oil pipe into the upper oil pipe 2 and the lower oil pipe 11, thereby maximally reducing the probability of pipe column vibration, friction and the like in the construction process to detonate the methane gas and the combustion improver and ensuring the safety of construction operation.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the leakage preventing mechanism includes two longitudinal separation airbags 411 fixedly connected to two ends of the inner arc surface of the outer semicircular cover 43, and an annular separation airbag 412 fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner arc surface of the outer semicircular cover 43, wherein the longitudinal separation airbags 411 and the annular separation airbags 412 are both in a negative pressure state initially; the bottom of the annular separation air bag 412 is provided with an electromagnetic one-way valve 414, and the upper surface of the movable semicircular cover plate 47 is provided with a second pressing switch 413.
When the outer semicircular cover body 43 and the inner semicircular cover body 44 form a closed channel after rotating, the second pressing switch 413 is just pressed by the fixed semicircular cover plate 46.
After the ventilation switching mechanism 4 works, a certain gap exists between the outer semicircular cover 43 and the inner semicircular cover 44 (smooth rotation of the outer semicircular cover 43 is guaranteed), so that complete sealing of an annular space cannot be achieved, and the separation effect of the ventilation switching mechanism 4 is reduced;
After the ventilation switching mechanism 4 is operated in place (the outer semicircular cover body 43 rotates to a position symmetrical to the inner semicircular cover body 44 about the rotating connecting column 45, namely, the outer semicircular cover body 43 rotates 180 degrees anticlockwise in the view angle of fig. 7), the second pressing switch 413 is just pressed by the fixed semicircular cover plate 46, the second pressing switch 413 is communicated with the electromagnetic one-way valve 414 to work, the electromagnetic one-way valve 414 is conducted inwards, and the longitudinal separation air bag 411 and the annular separation air bag 412 are in a negative pressure state initially, so that combustion-supporting gas in a high-pressure state in the annular space is gradually pressed into the longitudinal separation air bag 411 and the annular separation air bag 412, so that the longitudinal separation air bag 411 and the annular separation air bag 412 bulge, and a channel formed by the outer semicircular cover body 43, the inner semicircular cover body 44, the upper oil pipe 2 and the lower oil pipe 11 is sealed;
It should be noted that, a small amount of combustion improver gas still exists in the lower oil pipe 11 and the upper oil pipe 2 and cannot be discharged to the annular space, but the structure of the ventilation switching mechanism 4 in the figure is convenient for the sake of clarity to carry out amplification treatment, the actual ventilation switching mechanism 4 only occupies a very small part of the connecting pipeline of the lower oil pipe 11 and the upper oil pipe 2, the total amount of the residual combustion improver gas is very small, and the normal temporary storage of methane gas is not influenced;
The leakage-proof mechanism is arranged, so that a gap between the outer semicircular cover body 43 and the inner semicircular cover body 44 can be sealed, complete separation of combustion improver gas and methane gas is ensured, the separation effect of the ventilation switching mechanism 4 is further improved, meanwhile, the opening time of the first electromagnetic valve 17 on the first piston 16 can be controlled simultaneously when the second pressing switch 413 is arranged, automatic and accurate control is realized, and the situation that the first electromagnetic valve 17 is opened when the outer semicircular cover body 43 and the inner semicircular cover body 44 are not rotated to a station, and methane gas and combustion improver gas are mixed is prevented.
As shown in fig. 4 and 7, an anti-rotation mechanism for preventing the oil pipe 11 from rotating in the arrangement process is further arranged in the rotating groove 42, the anti-rotation mechanism comprises an electromagnet ring 49 arranged at the inner top of the rotating groove 42, a lower magnet 48 corresponding to the electromagnet ring 49 is arranged at the top of the inner semicircular cover body 44, and a magnetic field of the electromagnet ring 49 is adsorbed with the lower magnet 48 after the electromagnet ring 49 is electrified; the middle position of the bottom of the limit groove 14 is also provided with a first push switch 410 for controlling the working state of the electromagnet ring 49.
Because the ventilation switching mechanism 4 needs to keep the state that the outer semicircular cover body 43 is overlapped with the inner semicircular cover body 44 in the initial state, and the upper oil pipe 2 and the annular space channel are opened, the inner semicircular cover body 44 and the upper oil pipe 2 are rotationally connected through the rotating groove 42, and the inner semicircular cover body 44 and the lower oil pipe 11 can rotate due to the collision and other conditions in the pipe discharging process, so that the station required in the initial state can not be kept, and the normal work of the ventilation switching mechanism 4 can be influenced;
According to the application, the anti-rotation mechanism is arranged, in the pipe descending process, the electromagnet ring 49 is electrified to generate a magnetic field which is adsorbed by the lower magnet 48, so that the inner semicircular cover 44 and the upper oil pipe 2 are fixed, the situation that the inner semicircular cover 44 and the lower oil pipe 11 rotate due to collision and the like in the pipe descending process is prevented, in addition, the first pressing switch 410 is arranged in the limiting groove 14, after the pipe descending is completed, the lower oil pipe 11 can press the first pressing switch 410, the electromagnet ring 49 electrically connected with the first pressing switch 410 is controlled to be powered off, and the normal rotation operation of the ventilation switching mechanism 4 is ensured.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a feedback mechanism 3 for controlling the ventilation switching mechanism 4 to work is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the inside of the upper oil pipe 2, the feedback mechanism 3 comprises a lower ring body 31 fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner circular surface of the upper oil pipe 2, pressing springs 35 which are uniformly distributed are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower ring body 31, an upper ring body 32 is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the pressing springs 35 together, a pressure sensor 34 is arranged on one side of the upper surface of the lower ring body 31, and a pressing column 33 corresponding to the pressure sensor 34 is arranged on the upper ring body 32.
In the working process of the ventilation switching mechanism 4, the working starting time needs to be accurately controlled, otherwise, the pressures of the combustion improver gas and the methane gas are easy to cause that the pressures cannot be accurately controlled, the feedback mechanism 3 is arranged, when the methane gas continuously pushes the first piston 16 to move downwards, the position contacting the feedback mechanism 3 is set to be in a required gas pressure state, at the moment, along with the continuous movement of the first piston 16 for a small distance, the upper ring body 32 is extruded and the pressing column 33 is driven to press the pressure sensor 34, and the pressure sensor 34 can transmit signals to a ground control system after being pressed by the communication module, so that a worker can timely control the ventilation switching mechanism 4 to start working.
As shown in fig. 2 and 8, the communication excitation mechanism 6 includes a communication port 61 opened on the side wall of the lower oil pipe 11, the top of the communication port 61 is rotatably connected with an arc-shaped partition plate 62 through a hinge, one side bottom of the arc-shaped partition plate 62 is fixedly connected with a balancing weight 63, the other side top of the arc-shaped partition plate 62 is fixedly connected with a supporting extrusion plate 65, and the supporting extrusion plates 65 in the two communication excitation mechanisms 6 realize the supporting of the preliminary solid combustion improver 10, and the inner circular surface of the lower oil pipe 11 is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped limiting plate 64 near the lower position of the communication port 61; the upper end of the lower oil pipe 11 is also provided with an anti-impact mechanism 5.
When the rod throwing operation is carried out, the heavy rod only impacts and conducts the inside of a channel formed by the upper oil pipe 2, the lower oil pipe 11 and the ventilation switching mechanism 4, and combustion-supporting gas and methane gas cannot be mixed, so that the application realizes the support of the preliminary solid combustion improver 10 by the support extrusion plates 65 in the two communication excitation mechanisms 6 through the communication excitation mechanisms 6, the support stability of the preliminary solid combustion improver 10 can be ensured through the balancing weights 63 and the arc limiting plates 64, after the rod throwing operation, the heavy rod presses the preliminary solid combustion improver 10 to collide with the firing pin unit 12, and meanwhile, the heavy rod extrudes the support extrusion plates 65 at two sides, so that the support extrusion plates 65 drive the arc separation plates 62 and the balancing weights 63 to rotate, the communication ports 61 are opened, and the automatic communication and mixing of the combustion-supporting gas and the methane gas are convenient.
As shown in fig. 3 and 8, the anti-impact mechanism 5 includes a lower fixing ring 51 and an upper fixing ring 52 fixedly connected to the side wall of the lower oil pipe 11, the upper surface of the lower fixing ring 51 is annular and fixedly connected with impact springs 54 uniformly distributed, the upper ends of the impact springs 54 are fixedly connected with impact hole plates 53 together, and when the impact springs 54 are in original length, the impact hole plates 53 are flush with the upper surface of the upper fixing ring 52.
Since the high-pressure methane gas between the first piston 16 and the second piston 8 enters the lower oil pipe 11 after the first electromagnetic valve 17 is opened, the preliminary solid combustion improver 10 is easy to impact, so that the preliminary solid combustion improver 10 is unstable to place, and meanwhile, the communication port 61 is easy to open briefly, so that the gas is mixed in advance.
The application method of the vertical well methane in-situ combustion and explosion fracturing device is shown in fig. 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: sequentially lowering the casing 1, the upper oil pipe 2, the lower oil pipe 11 and related components into a well and completing arrangement;
S2: pumping a gas combustion improver such as oxygen into the upward oil pipe 2, after the pressure of the gas combustion improver reaches the standard, putting the first piston 16 into the upward oil pipe 2, continuing pumping methane gas into the upward oil pipe 2, putting the second piston 8 after the pressure of the methane gas reaches the standard, and finally pumping well control fluid into the upward oil pipe 2, and continuously pushing the first piston 16 and the second piston 8 to move downwards;
S3: after the first piston 16 extrudes the feedback mechanism 3, the feedback mechanism 3 controls the driving equipment fixedly connected with the wellhead and the upper oil pipe 2 to rotate the upper oil pipe 2, so that the ventilation switching mechanism 4 works to realize the separation storage of the gas combustion improver and methane gas;
S4: the heavy rod is put into the upward oil pipe 2 for rod casting operation, and impact generated by the heavy rod and bottom hole pressure difference are carried out, so that the heavy rod directly presses the preliminary solid combustion improver 10 to collide with the firing pin unit 12, and methane gas is initially ignited;
S5: meanwhile, under the extrusion of the heavy rod, the communication excitation mechanism 6 works, so that the gas combustion improver is communicated and mixed with methane gas to complete the blasting of the methane gas, and blasting airflow is ejected along the perforation 7 at a high speed to enable the target soil layer to impact and fracture, so as to complete the blasting and fracturing work.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention; the scope of the invention is not limited in this respect. Any person skilled in the art, within the technical scope of the present disclosure, may apply to the present invention, and the technical solution and the improvement thereof are all covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a straight-well methane normal position fires and explodes fracturing device, includes sleeve pipe (1) and evenly sets up perforation (7) at sleeve pipe (1) outer disc, its characterized in that: an upper oil pipe (2) and a lower oil pipe (11) are arranged in the sleeve (1), and the upper oil pipe (2) and the lower oil pipe (11) are rotationally connected through a ventilation switching mechanism (4);
A lower packer (15) is arranged at the inner bottom of the sleeve (1), an upper packer (9) is arranged at the upper end inside the sleeve (1), and an upper oil pipe (2) penetrates through the upper packer (9); a first piston (16) is arranged at the lower end of the interior of the oil feeding pipe (2) in a sliding manner, and a first electromagnetic valve (17) is arranged on the first piston (16); a second piston (8) is slidably arranged at the upper end inside the oil feeding pipe (2);
Two communicating and exciting mechanisms (6) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the interior of the oil discharging pipe (11), and the two communicating and exciting mechanisms (6) jointly support a preliminary solid combustion improver (10); the bottom of the oil discharging pipe (11) is provided with a firing pin unit (12); a limiting groove (14) is formed in the lower packer (15), and a limiting block (13) corresponding to the limiting groove (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer circular surface of the lower oil pipe (11);
The ventilation switching mechanism (4) comprises a mounting flange (41) fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the upper oil pipe (2), a rotating groove (42) is formed in the mounting flange (41) in a penetrating manner, an inner semicircular cover body (44) is fixedly connected to the top of the lower oil pipe (11), and the top end of the inner semicircular cover body (44) is rotationally connected with the mounting flange (41) through the rotating groove (42); an outer semicircular cover body (43) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer circular surface of the mounting flange (41); the inner cambered surface of the outer semicircular cover body (43) is also provided with a leakage-proof mechanism matched with the inner semicircular cover body (44);
The bottom of the inner circular surface of the upper oil pipe (2) is fixedly connected with a rotary connecting column (45), the top end of the lower oil pipe (11) is fixedly connected with a fixed semicircular cover plate (46), the lower end of the rotary connecting column (45) penetrates through the fixed semicircular cover plate (46) and is rotationally connected with the fixed semicircular cover plate (46), and the bottom of the rotary connecting column (45) is fixedly connected with a movable semicircular cover plate (47);
The movable semicircular cover plate (47) and the outer semicircular cover body (43) are symmetrically arranged about the rotary connecting column (45), and the fixed semicircular cover plate (46) and the inner semicircular cover body (44) are arranged on the same side of the rotary connecting column (45);
The inner bottom end of the upper oil pipe (2) is fixedly provided with a feedback mechanism (3) for controlling the ventilation switching mechanism (4) to work, the feedback mechanism (3) comprises a lower ring body (31) fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner circular surface of the upper oil pipe (2), the upper surface of the lower ring body (31) is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed pressing springs (35), the upper ends of the pressing springs (35) are fixedly connected with an upper ring body (32) together, one side of the upper surface of the lower ring body (31) is provided with a pressure sensor (34), and the upper ring body (32) is provided with a pressing column (33) corresponding to the pressure sensor (34);
The communication excitation mechanism (6) comprises a communication port (61) formed in the side wall of the lower oil pipe (11), the top of the communication port (61) is rotationally connected with an arc-shaped partition plate (62) through a hinge, one side bottom of the arc-shaped partition plate (62) is fixedly connected with a balancing weight (63), the top of the other side of the arc-shaped partition plate (62) is fixedly connected with a bearing extrusion plate (65), the bearing extrusion plates (65) in the two communication excitation mechanisms (6) realize the bearing of the preliminary solid combustion improver (10), and the position, close to the lower part of the communication port (61), of the inner circular surface of the lower oil pipe (11) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped limiting plate (64); the upper end of the interior of the lower oil pipe (11) is also provided with an anti-impact mechanism (5).
2. The vertical well methane in-situ combustion and explosion fracturing device according to claim 1, wherein: the leakage-proof mechanism comprises two longitudinal separation air bags (411) fixedly connected to two ends of the inner cambered surface of the outer semicircular cover body (43), and an annular separation air bag (412) fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner cambered surface of the outer semicircular cover body (43), wherein the longitudinal separation air bags (411) and the annular separation air bags (412) are in a negative pressure state initially; the bottom of the annular separation air bag (412) is provided with an electromagnetic one-way valve (414), and the upper surface of the movable semicircular cover plate (47) is provided with a second pressing switch (413).
3. The vertical well methane in-situ combustion and explosion fracturing device according to claim 2, wherein: when the outer semicircular cover body (43) and the inner semicircular cover body (44) form a closed channel after rotating, the second pressing switch (413) is just pressed by the fixed semicircular cover plate (46).
4. The vertical well methane in-situ combustion and explosion fracturing device according to claim 1, wherein: an anti-rotation mechanism for preventing the oil discharging pipe (11) from rotating in the arrangement process is further arranged in the rotating groove (42), the anti-rotation mechanism comprises an electromagnet ring (49) arranged at the inner top of the rotating groove (42), a lower magnet (48) corresponding to the electromagnet ring (49) is arranged at the top of the inner semicircular cover body (44), and the electromagnet ring (49) is adsorbed with the lower magnet (48) after being electrified; a first pressing switch (410) for controlling the working state of the electromagnet ring (49) is further arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the limiting groove (14).
5. The vertical well methane in-situ combustion and explosion fracturing device according to claim 1, wherein: the anti-impact mechanism (5) comprises a lower fixing ring (51) and an upper fixing ring (52) which are fixedly connected to the side wall of the lower oil pipe (11), impact springs (54) which are uniformly distributed are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower fixing ring (51) in a ring shape, impact hole plates (53) are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the impact springs (54) together, and the impact springs (54) are in the original length state, and the impact hole plates (53) are flush with the upper surface of the upper fixing ring (52).
6. A method of using a vertical well methane in situ combustion fracturing apparatus adapted for use in any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
s1: sequentially lowering the casing (1), the upper oil pipe (2), the lower oil pipe (11) and related components into a well and completing arrangement;
S2: pumping a gas combustion improver into the upward oil pipe (2), after the pressure of the gas combustion improver reaches the standard, putting the first piston (16) into the upward oil pipe (2), continuously pumping methane gas into the upward oil pipe (2), putting the second piston (8) after the pressure of the methane gas reaches the standard, and finally pumping a well control fluid into the upward oil pipe (2), and continuously pushing the first piston (16) and the second piston (8) to move downwards;
s3: after the first piston (16) extrudes the feedback mechanism (3), the feedback mechanism (3) controls a driving device fixedly connected with the wellhead and the upper oil pipe (2) to rotate the upper oil pipe (2), so that the ventilation switching mechanism (4) works, and the separation storage of the gas combustion improver and methane gas is realized;
S4: the heavy rod is put into the upward oil pipe (2) to perform rod casting operation, and impact and bottom hole pressure difference generated by the heavy rod directly press the preliminary solid combustion improver (10) to collide with the firing pin unit (12) to primarily ignite methane gas;
S5: meanwhile, under the extrusion of the heavy rod, the communication excitation mechanism (6) works, so that the gas combustion improver is communicated and mixed with methane gas to finish the blasting of the methane gas, and the blasting air flow is ejected along the perforation (7) at a high speed to enable the target soil layer to impact and fracture, so as to finish the blasting and fracturing work.
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