CN115707699A - 一组抗骨质疏松的化合物及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一组抗骨质疏松的化合物及其应用。该类化合物能够上调OPG的表达、抑制炎症通路活化、抑制破骨细胞分化或抑制骨吸收、促进成骨细胞分化或促进骨形成;并且具有高口服生物利用度,具有抗骨质疏松活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药生物技术领域,具体而言,涉及一组抗骨质疏松的化合物及其应用。
背景技术
世界卫生组织(WHO)将骨质疏松症(Osteoporosis,OP)定义为以骨量低下、骨微结构破坏、导致骨脆性增加、易发生骨折为特征的一种代谢性骨病[doi:10.1038/ nrendo.2013.154])。
骨质疏松症发病率高,常见于中老年人。并且,随着人均寿命的延长和人口老龄化的加速,骨质疏松症已成为一个全球关注的重大公共健康问题。绝经后女性由于衰老和体内激素水平下降,容易发生绝经后骨质疏松(Postmenopausal Osteoporosis,PMO)[doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.69;doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1513724]。据统计,五十岁以上大约三分之一的女性和五分之一的男性会发生骨折,伴随的疼痛严重影响其生活质量。随着人口老龄化的加速,预计至本世纪中叶,骨质疏松患者人数将接近2亿。
目前,抗骨质疏松药物主要分为抑制骨吸收药物、促进骨形成药物以及多重作用机制的药物[doi:10.1038/nrd3299;doi:10.1016/j.bone.2011.02.011]。抑制骨吸收药物有双膦酸盐[doi:10.1016/s0889-857x(05)70194-0.]、雌激素、选择性雌激素受体调节剂、降钙素、RANKL的单克隆抗体(如狄诺塞麦)、硬化蛋白单克隆抗体Romosozumab等[doi:10.1126/science.289.5484.1508;doi:10.1016/j.bone.2011.02.011;doi:10.4158/GL-2020-0524SUPPL;doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1607948;doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1708322;doi:10.1080/14712598.2017.1280455]。促骨形成药物,如特立帕肽(甲状旁腺激素),一般用于高骨折风险的患者,如糖皮质激素诱导的骨质疏松症患者[doi:10.1126/science.289.5484.1508]。雷奈酸锶被认为具有抑制骨吸收和促进骨形成的特性,可以重新平衡骨转换,有利于骨形成[doi:10.2147/CIA.S141753]。
虽然目前已上市的治疗骨质疏松症的药物有效,但大多数药物有其局限性和副作用,现有抗骨质疏松药物存在的毒副作用制约了其临床应用[doi:10.7326/M15-1361]。例如,双膦酸盐类药物长期应用可过度抑制骨转换,影响骨强度造成非典型骨折以及增加患急性心肌梗塞的风险,还具有胃肠道等副作用[doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/ bmj.c4444]。雌激素替代疗法治疗骨质疏松症可引起乳腺癌、子宫出血、心血管疾病,现已不作为常规用药。甲状旁腺激素引发高钙血症、肾脏副作用,一般应用于严重骨质疏松症或对其他抗骨质疏松药物不耐受的患者。单克隆抗体药物Denosumab停用时,人体骨骼可能会出现骨密度再次降低的现象,造成骨折的风险大大增加。因此,目前亟需开发新型的安全有效的抗骨质疏松药物。
OPG-RANKL-RANK通路是骨代谢信号调控网络中的重要组成部分,在骨重建和骨质疏松中发挥中重要作用[doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.69,doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1513724]。核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(Receptor Activator for Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand,RANKL)和骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)是由成骨细胞分泌的介导破骨细胞生长、分化和发挥功能的细胞因子,在骨代谢过程中发挥重要作用[doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1513724;doi:10.1517/14728222.2010.511179;doi:10.1007/s11154-014-9308-6;doi:10.1517/14728222.2010.511179]。RANK是RANKL的受体,存在于破骨细胞等的细胞膜上。当RANKL与RANK结合时,破骨细胞的分化被激活,诱导破骨细胞前体细胞形成成熟的破骨细胞,导致破骨细胞分化增强[doi:10.1073/pnas.95.7.3597]。OPG是RANKL的可溶性诱饵受体,它能阻止RANKL与RANK结合,从而抑制破骨细胞的分化[doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80209-3]。此外,RANKL结合RANK可以激活炎症通路(如核受体NF-κB(nuclear factor-κB)、p38丝裂原素激活的蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase)、PI3K/AKT途径),促进破骨细胞分化。[DOI:10.1016/j.phrs.2015.05.006;DOI:10.1002/jbmr.4215;doi:10.1074/jbc.M410480200]。因此利用小分子上调骨组织中OPG的表达来调节OPG和RANKL之间的平衡、抑制炎症通路是开发治疗骨质疏松药物研发的重要策略。申请人的在先专利ZL201910090949.8中,已经就调节该通路的小分子化合物对于骨质疏松的治疗效果进行了一定的讨论,但是,寻找成药性更好,给药方式更便捷的药物/前药分子,以进一步开发更适合于骨质疏松症以及慢性炎症性疾病的治疗和防控的药物,依然是函待解决的重要问题。
发明内容
本发明涉及一组具有如下功能的化合物,
(1)上调OPG的表达;
(2)抑制炎症通路活化;
(3)抑制破骨细胞分化、促进成骨细胞分化;
(4)治疗骨质疏松;
所述的化合物具有如下通式(1)所示结构
其中,
R1为氢原子、甲基、硝基或者卤素;
A1为O、S、NH、NMe;
A2为CH或者N;
X为NH、NMe或者O;
M为0-4个碳的直链烷烃,或者其中一个碳被O取代的直链烷烃;
R2为烷基取代的吡啶或者苯基,烷基是指C1-C6烷基;
并且,
当R1为氯原子,A1为氧原子,A2为CH,X为NH,M为0同时出现时,则R2不能为取代的吡啶。
其中,
卤素是指:氟、氯、溴、碘;
C1-C6烷基是指:包含1-6个碳原子的直链和支链的饱和烃基,如甲基、乙基、异丙基、正丁基、戊基或己基;也包括环烷基,即环状C3-C6烃基,如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基。
优选的,所述的化合物是如下表所示的化合物
本发明还涉及包含如通式(1)所示的化合物的药物组合物,所述药物组合物含有治疗有效量的通式(1)所示的化合物,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的载体。优选的,所述的药物组合物是口服制剂,更优选的,所述的口服制剂是口服的片剂。
本发明还涉及通式(1)所示的化合物在制备药物中的应用,所述的药物用于治疗如下疾病:
(1)破骨细胞或骨吸收异常导致的疾病;
(2)成骨细胞分化不足导致的疾病;
(3)炎症导致的疾病;
(4)因OPG-RANKL-RANK通路异常导致的疾病;
(5)骨质疏松。
附图说明
图1、化合物促进成骨细胞形成(1A:化合物3c;1B:化合物3v)。
图2、化合物对破骨细胞形成相关标志基因表达的影响(2A:化合物3c;2B:化合物3i1)。
图3、化合物对OPG表达的影响(3A:化合物3c;3B:化合物3v;3C:化合物3i1)。
图4、化合物对OPG分泌的影响(4A:化合物3c;4B:化合物3v;4C:化合物3i1)
具体实施方式
实施例1、5-甲基-N-(4-甲基吡啶-2-基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3c)的合成
将5-甲基-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入2-氨基-4-甲基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3c;收率44.0%。
1H NMR(600Mz,CDCl3):δ8.73(s,1H),8.22–8.02(m,2H),7.13(d,J=3.3Hz,1H),6.85(dd,J=4.9,1.4Hz,1H),6.13(dd,J=3.4,1.1Hz,1H),2.35(s,3H),2.34(s,3H).13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ156.31,151.32,149.92,147.63,145.89,121.02,117.14,114.63,109.18,21.47,13.90.MS-ESI(m/z):217.2(M+H)+.。
实施例2、N-(4-甲基吡啶-2-基)-5-硝基呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3d)的合成
将5-硝基-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入2-氨基-4-甲基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3d;收率73.0%。
1H NMR(600Mz,CDCl3):δ8.91(s,1H),8.21(dd,J=5.1,0.8Hz,1H),8.11(dd,J=1.5,0.8Hz,1H),7.43–7.35(m,2H),7.01–6.92(m,1H),2.41(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ154.31,150.36,150.30,147.90,147.52,122.11,117.20,115.25,112.49,21.52.MS-ESI(m/z):248.2(M+H)+.。
实施例3、5-溴-N-(4-甲基吡啶-2-基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3e)的合成
将5-溴-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入2-氨基-4-甲基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3e;收率73.0%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ8.73(s,1H),8.16(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),8.12(s,1H),7.19(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),6.91–6.83(m,1H),6.54–6.45(m,1H),2.38(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ155.05,150.92,150.11,149.02,147.77,125.61,121.46,118.10,114.82,114.76,21.53.MS-ESI(m/z):281.2(M+H)+.。
实施例4、4-甲基吡啶-2-基-5氯呋喃-2-甲酯(3m)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入2-羟基-4-甲基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3m;收率51.0%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ8.27(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),7.39–7.38(m,1H),7.09–7.06(m,1H),7.01(s,1H),6.41–6.37(m,1H),2.41(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ148.30,137.99,123.71,122.14,118.24,116.94,109.51,108.30,21.19.MS-ESI(m/z):238.2(M+H)+.。
实施例5、吡啶-2-基-5-氯呋喃-2-甲酯(3n)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入2-羟基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3n;收率46.0%。
1H NMR(600Mz,CDCl3):δ8.42(ddd,J=4.9,2.0,0.7Hz,1H),7.82(ddd,J=8.1,7.4,2.0Hz,1H),7.39(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),7.29–7.23(m,1H),7.20(dt,J=8.1,0.9Hz,1H),6.39(d,J=3.6Hz,1H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ157.45,155.28,148.81,142.95,142.74,139.73,122.47,122.20,116.48,109.52.MS-ESI(m/z):224.2(M+H)+.。
实施例6、吡啶-3-基-5-氯呋喃-2-甲酯(3o)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入3-羟基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3o;收率49.0%。
1H NMR(600Mz,CDCl3):δ8.54(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),8.52(dd,J=4.7,1.4Hz,1H),7.60(ddd,J=8.3,2.7,1.4Hz,1H),7.39(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),7.37(dd,J=8.3,4.7Hz,1H),6.42(d,J=3.5Hz,1H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ155.35,147.45,147.00,143.49,142.90,142.60,129.27,124.09,122.34,109.63.MS-ESI(m/z):224.2(M+H)+.。
实施例7、吡啶-4-基-5-氯呋喃-2-甲酯(3p)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入4-羟基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3p;收率47.0%。
1H NMR(600Mz,CDCl3):δ8.69–8.63(m,2H),7.39(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),7.25–7.20(m,2H),6.43(d,J=3.6Hz,1H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ157.13,154.51,151.77,143.14,142.56,122.54,116.85,109.70.MS-ESI(m/z):224.2(M+H)+.
实施例8、5-氯-N-苯基呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3t)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入苯胺(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3t;收率51.0%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ7.97(s,1H),7.64(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.36(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.21(d,J=3.0Hz,1H),7.15(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.38–6.34(m,1H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ155.06,147.05,138.85,
137.23,129.26,124.88,120.19,117.51,109.74.MS-ESI(m/z):222.2(M+H)+.。
实施例9、N-苄基-5-氯呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3u)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入苄胺(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3u;收率72.0%。
1H NMR(600Mz,CDCl3):δ7.33-7.27(m,4H),7.26-7.22(m,1H),7.05(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),6.90(s,1H),6.23(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),4.54(d,J=6.1Hz,2H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ157.25,147.08,138.33,137.90,128.66,127.83,127.54,116.41,109.03,43.14.MS-ESI(m/z):236.2(M+H)+.。
实施例10、5-氯-N-苯乙基呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3v)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入苯乙胺(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3v;收率60.2%。
1H NMR(600Mz,CDCl3):δ7.28-7.25(m,2H),7.19-7.16(m,3H),7.04(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),6.43(t,J=5.9Hz,1H),6.25(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),3.43(td,J=7.2,6.0Hz,2H),2.71–2.61(m,2H),1.94-1.90(m,2H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ157.34,147.33,141.31,138.11,128.50,128.35,126.07,116.04,109.02,38.95,33.32,31.11.MS-ESI(m/z):264.2(M+H)+。
实施例11、5-氯-N-(3-苯丙基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3w)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入苯丙胺(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3w;收率60.2%。
1H NMR(600Mz,CDCl3):δ7.28-7.25(m,2H),7.19-7.16(m,3H),7.04(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),6.43(t,J=5.9Hz,1H),6.25(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),3.43(td,J=7.2,6.0Hz,2H),2.71–2.61(m,2H),1.94-1.90(m,2H).13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ157.34,147.33,141.31,138.11,128.50,128.35,126.07,116.04,109.02,38.95,33.32,31.11.MS-ESI(m/z):264.2(M+H)+.。
实施例12、5-氯-N-(4-苯丁基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3x)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入苯丁胺(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3x;收率63.5%。
1H NMR(600Mz,CDCl3):δ7.26-7.23(m,2H),7.17-7.13(m,3H),7.03(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),6.56(t,J=5.9Hz,1H),6.22(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),3.39(q,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.61(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.70–1.63(m,2H),1.63–1.53(m,2H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3):δ157.28,147.32,141.93,137.99,128.31,128.26,125.75,115.92,108.91,39.02,35.39,29.13,28.53.MS-ESI(m/z):278.2(M+H)+.。
实施例13、5-氯-N-(4-苯氧乙基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3y)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入苯氧乙胺(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3y;收率61.5%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ7.44(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.26(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),7.09(dd,J=22.0,7.7Hz,4H),6.42(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),4.26(t,J=5.2Hz,2H),3.98(t,J=5.5Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ158.37,157.44,146.96,138.37,129.51,121.15,116.43,114.45,109.05,66.40,38.74.MS-ESI(m/z):266.2(M+H)+.。
实施例14、5-氯-N-(4-氟苄基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3z)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入4-氟苄胺(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3z;收率51.7%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ7.44(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),7.24(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),7.14(t,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.02(t,J=6.5Hz,1H),6.43(d,J=6.5Hz,1H),4.68(d,J=6.1Hz,2H).13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ162.27(d,J=245.8Hz)157.30,146.99,138.49,133.80,129.63(d,J=8.1Hz),116.64,115.56(d,J=21.6Hz),109.17,42.47.MS-ESI(m/z):254.2(M+H)+.。
实施例15、5-氯-N-(4-氟苄基)-N-甲基呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3a1)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入N-甲基-4-氟苄胺(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3a1;收率51.5%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ7.31(brs,2H),7.06(t,J=8.8Hz,3H),6.31(brs,1H),4.79(s,0.72H),4.70(s,1.27H),3.21(s,2.03H),3.04(s,1.02H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ162.16(d,J=245.8Hz),158.99,147.01,138.52,132.43,129.89,128.66,118.96,115.51(d,J=21.4Hz),108.28,51.20,35.61.MS-ESI(m/z):267.2(M+H)+.。
实施例16、5-氯-N-(3-氟苄基)-N-甲基呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3b1)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入N-甲基-3-氟苄胺(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3b1;收率52.3%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ7.34-7.30(m,1H),7.09-6.99(m,4H),6.31(brs,1H),4.75(s,2H),3.22(s,1.92H),3.10(s,1.25H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ163.25(d,J=247.1Hz),159.36,147.21,139.53(d,J=6.7Hz),138.81,130.43,123.75,119.19,114.78,108.50,51.82,36.08.MS-ESI(m/z):268.2(M+H)+.。
实施例17、5-氯-N-甲基-N-(3-甲基苄基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3c1)的合成
将5-氯-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入N-甲基-3-甲基苄胺(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3c1;收率51.3%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ7.43-7.24(m,4H),7.24-7.12(m,1H),6.42-6.41(m,1H),4.85(s,2H),3.31(s,1.62H),3.19(s,1.43H),2.50(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ159.13,147.36,138.48,137.32,133.61,129.44,128.26,126.99,118.89,118.08,108.25,51.93,35.72,21.11.MS-ESI(m/z):264.2(M+H)+.。
实施例18、5-甲基-N-(吡啶-2-基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3d1)的合成
将5-甲基-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入2-氨基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3d1;收率45.5%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ8.68(brs,1H),8.32(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.73(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.16(s,1H),7.09–7.01(m,1H),6.17(s,1H),2.39(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ148.12,138.56,119.92,117.36,114.18,109.33,14.03.MS-ESI(m/z):203.2(M+H)+.。
实施例19、5-甲基-N-(5-甲基吡啶-2-基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3e1)的合成
将5-甲基-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入5-甲基-2-氨基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3e1;收率45.5%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ8.69(s,1H),8.20(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.11(s,1H),7.52(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.12(s,1H),6.14(s,1H),2.35(s,3H),2.28(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ156.25,155.47,149.12,147.95,145.92,139.04,129.20,117.04,113.64,109.18,17.92,13.93.MS-ESI(m/z):217.2(M+H)+.。
实施例20、5-甲基-N-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3f1)的合成
将5-甲基-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入6-甲基-2-氨基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3f1;收率43.5%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ8.60(brs,1H),8.12(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.67–7.56(m,1H),7.15(s,1H),6.91(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.15(s,1H),2.48(s,3H),2.38(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ157.06,156.36,155.57,150.62,145.96,138.81,119.40,117.20,111.03,109.26,24.21,14.01.MS-ESI(m/z):217.2(M+H)+.。
实施例21、N-(4-甲氧基吡啶-2-基)-5-甲基呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3g1)的合成
将5-甲基-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入4-甲氧基-2-氨基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3g1;收率38.5%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ8.85(s,1H),8.19(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.92–7.89(m,1H),7.20(dd,J=8.9,2.5Hz,1H),7.05(d,J=2.9Hz,1H),6.06(s,1H),3.74(s,3H),2.25(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ155.89,155.21,152.68,145.80,144.84,134.49,123.17,116.67,114.51,108.92,55.78,13.70.MS-ESI(m/z):233.2(M+H)+.。
实施例22、N-(4-乙基吡啶-2-基)-5-甲基呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3h1)的合成
将5-甲基-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入4-乙基-2-氨基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3h1;收率37.6%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ8.71(s,1H),8.19(s,1H),8.17(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),7.14(s,1H),6.89(d,J=4.5Hz,1H),6.15(s,1H),2.67(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.36(s,3H),1.26(t,J=7.5Hz,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ156.37,156.00,155.58,151.43,147.78,145.92,119.84,117.18,113.51,109.24,28.70,14.47,13.96.MS-ESI(m/z):231.2(M+H)+.。
实施例23、N-(4-环丙基吡啶-2-基)-5-甲基呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3i1)的合成
将5-甲基-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入4-环丙基-2-氨基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3i1;收率39.5%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ8.68(s,1H),8.10(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),8.04(s,1H),7.13(s,1H),6.71(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),6.15(s,1H),2.36(s,3H),1.90(tt,J=9.0,5.0Hz,1H),1.07(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),0.84(d,J=5.3Hz,2H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ156.81,156.38,155.59,151.33,147.58,145.89,117.22,117.16,110.77,109.23,15.55,13.95,10.78.MS-ESI(m/z):243.2(M+H)+.HRMS-ESI(m/z):Calcd.for C14H15N2O2(M+H)+:243.1128;Found:243.1126.。
实施例24、N-(4-氟吡啶-2-基)-5-甲基呋喃-2-甲酰胺(3j1)的合成
将5-甲基-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入4-氟-2-氨基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3j1;收率47.5%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ8.81(s,1H),8.32(dd,J=9.2,4.2Hz,1H),8.12(s,1H),7.43(t,J=9.5Hz,1H),7.14(d,J=2.9Hz,1H),6.13(s,1H),2.33(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ157.44,156.08,155.69,155.45,146.57(d,J=248.1Hz),135.49(d,J=25.6Hz),125.31(d,J=19.3Hz),117.41,114.91,109.27,13.90.MS-ESI(m/z):221.2(M+H)+.。
实施例25、4-甲基吡啶-2-基-5-甲基呋喃-2-甲酯(3k1)的合成
将5-甲基-2-羧基呋喃(1mmol)溶于10ml氯仿中,然后加入5ml二氯亚砜和催化量的DMF(0.01mmol),回流反应3小时,反应完毕后,减压浓缩反应液,不经进一步纯化直接进行下一步;将减压残留物溶于10ml二氯甲烷,然后加入三乙胺(1.5mmol)室温搅拌0.5h;然后加入4-甲基-2-羟基吡啶(1.1mmol),室温继续搅拌4小时,反应液依次用饱和氯化钠及蒸馏水洗涤,分离二氯甲烷有机层,减压浓缩;残留物采用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:MeOH=100:1),得到白色固体化合物3k1;收率39.6%。
1H NMR(500Mz,CDCl3):δ8.27(d,J=4.9Hz,1H),7.38–7.28(m,1H),7.06(d,J=4.5Hz,1H),7.02(s,1H),6.00(s,1H),2.42(s,3H),2.40(s,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ158.82,157.94,156.58,151.41,148.26,142.17,123.44,121.82,117.10,109.10,21.19,14.26.MS-ESI(m/z):218.2(M+H)+.。
实施例26、细胞培养
小鼠成骨细胞前体细胞MC3T3-E1与人骨肉瘤细胞U-2OS细胞均为贴壁细胞,待细胞长满后,弃去旧培养基,用1ml PBS漂洗细胞后弃掉,之后加入1ml胰酶,消化好后,弃掉消化液,立即加入含10%FBS的α-MEM或Mcoy’s 5A完全培养基,将细胞吹下,使细胞完全脱离皿底且吹打使之分散为单个细胞悬液。再按1:3比例接种细胞悬液于新的培养皿内,然后补加适量完全培养基,放入培养箱继续培养。培养条件:37℃,5%CO2。小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264.7,按1:4-1:6比例传代,使用DMEM完全培养基,其他条件与MC3T3-E1培养条件相同。
实施例27、N-甲基吡啶呋喃酰胺类衍生物在OPG表达调节筛选模型上量效关系的测定
采用实验室前期构建的OPG表达上调剂高通量筛选模型进行高通量筛选。该模型是将含有人OPG启动子(-5917~+19)调控萤火虫荧光素酶表达报告基因质粒pGL4.17-OPGp转染U-2OS细胞,得到的稳定转染细胞株称为OPG-Luc U-2OS(简称UOP)(可参见CN109651345B、CN104845936B)。
具体筛选方法如下:将处于对数生长期的模型细胞UOP按5×104个/孔的密度接种至96孔透明底白板。待细胞充分贴壁后,弃掉原有培养基,向每孔加入198μL,5%FBS的Mcoy’s 5A培养基和2μL待测样品,并以与待测样品相同浓度的DMSO为空白对照。18~24h后吸弃培养基,加入裂解液裂解细胞后,利用Reporter Assay System报告基因检测系统测定细胞荧光素酶活性。按照如下公式计算化合物对荧光素酶活性的上调率:上调率=化合物处理后的细胞萤火虫荧光素酶表达活性/DMSO处理后的细胞萤火虫荧光素酶表达活性×100%。计算各化合物的调节率,并将调节率≥150%的化合物定义为具有上调OPG潜力的化合物。利用graphpad prism软件作图,得到EC50和最大上调率(Max)。
各个化合物的筛选结果见表1。
表1、部分化合物在OPG表达上调剂筛选模型上的上调活性
实施例28、化合物对破骨细胞分化的影响
抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)为破骨细胞的特异性标志酶,其表达和分泌与破骨细胞功能密切相关。应用偶氮偶联组化分析法酶活性部位显示红色反应。其原理是以萘酚二磷酸盐为底物,偶氮副品红为显色剂,TRAP在酒石酸钾钠存在条件下将萘酚AS-BI磷酸盐水解为萘酚AS-BI,与显色剂结合在酶活性部位形成不溶性红色沉淀,经苏木素复染呈紫色。
小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7以每孔2×102个接种于12孔板,待细胞贴壁后换为破骨分化诱导培养基,37℃5%CO2条件下诱导3天,然后加入化合物作用3天。提前准备固定剂:25mL柠檬酸盐稀释液+65mL丙酮+8mL 37%甲醛。提前准备充足去离子水置于37℃水浴中,用前检查温度。将固定剂放至室温,每孔200μL,固定30s,用37℃去离子水洗净,吸净液体,尽量避免孔内干掉。向两个试管中加入0.5mL快速石榴石GBC基础溶液+0.5mL亚硝酸钠溶液,轻轻颠倒混匀30s,静置2min。标记两个50mL BD管A和B,管A中加入45mL 37℃去离子水+1.0mL步骤4配制的重氮快速石榴石GBC溶液+0.5mL萘酚AS-BI磷酸溶液+2.0mL醋酸溶液;管B内溶液按烧杯A内溶液配制同时加入1.0mL酒石酸溶液。将管A和管B中的溶液合并到一个管中,并置于37℃的水浴。染色前,确保溶液温度在37℃。将染色液加入固定好的细胞板中,避光,37℃染色1h。蒸馏水洗清后,苏木素复染2min,使用自来水冲洗几分钟。自然晾干后,置于显微镜下观察。选取细胞核≥3个的TRAP阳性细胞为破骨细胞,并进行计数。
通过TRAP染色,评价了上调OPG活性良好的化合物(3c、3e、3g、3q、3r、3t、3v、3y、3d1、3e1、3j1、3g1、3h1和3i1)对RANKL诱导的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7细胞破骨细胞分化的抑制活性。测定各化合物在1μM和10μM时的破骨细胞分化抑制活性。从表2中可以看出,这些化合物对TRAP活性的抑制作用均在37%~72%之间,说明这些化合物具有良好的抑制破骨细胞分化的活性。
表2 TRAP染色法测定化合物对破骨细胞分化的抑制活性
实施例29、化合物3c及3v对MC3T3-E1细胞矿化晚期指标钙化结节形成的影响
茜素红S(Alizarin Red S)染色法是一种通过鳌合作用,使钙离子和茜素红S产生鳌合物,来分析固定处理后的细胞样本中橘红色钙沉积现象的经典的技术方法。
具体步骤如下:在6孔板或12孔板接种MC3T3-E1细胞,待细胞生长至80%以上,将培养基更换为加入化合物的含10mMβ-甘油磷酸及50μg/mL L-抗坏血酸的成骨分化诱导培养基。在37℃,5%CO2条件下共培养21d,每3d更换一次新鲜培养基。培养结束后,弃去培养液,用PBS漂洗细胞2次。95%乙醇固定细胞10min,双蒸水漂洗3次。室温下,用0.2%茜素红S溶液(pH4.2)染色10min。蒸馏水漂洗3次。用苏木素复染1min,蒸馏水漂洗3次,拍照。置于显微镜下拍照,用Image J软件进行钙化结节定量。
钙化结节的形成是成骨细胞晚期分化的指标。采用成骨分化培养基诱导MC3T3-E1细胞分化,并加入不同浓度3c及3v干预21d后,采用茜素红染色法检测钙化结节形成的情况。结果如图1所示,3c及3v作用MC3T3-E1细胞21d后,MC3T3-E1细胞分化形成的钙化结节数目明显增加,且具有剂量依赖性;经过定量,化合物3c在0.1,1,10μM作用下对钙化结节形成具有显著性增加作用,化合物3v在1,10μM作用下对钙化结节形成具有显著性增加作用;进一步说明化合物3c&3v在体外能够明显促进成骨细胞分化。
实施例30、化合物3c及3il对破骨分化相关蛋白的影响
在破骨细胞的形成过程中,RANKL可诱导破骨形成相关标记基因NFATc1和基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)的表达。两者是破骨细胞特异性的转录因子和标志物,所以我们检测了由RANKL诱导后的RAW264.7细胞中NFATc1和MMP9的蛋白水平。小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7接种于6孔板,待细胞贴壁后换为破骨分化诱导培养基,37℃5%CO2条件下诱导3天,然后加入化合物作用1天。用Western blot检测NFATc1及MMP-9的蛋白表达水平,如图2所示,化合物3c和3i1显著降低RANKL诱导的RAW264.7细胞中NFATc1和MMP-9蛋白表达水平,且呈剂量依赖性。以上结果证实化合物3c和3i1对破骨细胞分化具有抑制作用。
实施例31、化合物3c、3v、3i1在小鼠成骨细胞MC3T3-E1细胞中对OPG蛋白表达水平的影响
MC3T3-E1细胞以1×105个/孔接种至6孔板,37℃,5%CO2条件下培养24h。将化合物稀释到一定浓度,同时空白对照孔中加入与含化合物孔相同终浓度DMSO,37℃,5%CO2条件下培养24h。900rpm,4min离心收集细胞。加入含有蛋白酶抑制剂及磷酸化酶抑制剂的RIPA裂解液,置于冰上裂解细胞30min。4℃,12,000g离心20min,收集上清,将上清转移至新的EP管中,用BCA蛋白定量法测定蛋白浓度。用RIPA将各管样品调整成相同浓度,并加入一定量的5×蛋白上样缓冲液。将蛋白样品置于沸水浴中煮10min,样品于-80℃保存,然后进行蛋白免疫印迹(Western-blot)分析。加入一抗和相应的(HRP)标记的二抗分别进行孵育。增强型HRP底物化学发光液(ECL)进行曝光显色。
采用western-blot法检测加入不同浓度的3c、3v、3i1处理24h后,MC3T3-E1细胞中OPG蛋白表达情况。将成像结果进行灰度扫描并定量。结果如图3所示,3c、3v、3i1能够剂量依赖性地上调OPG蛋白水平。
实施例32、化合物3c、3v、3i1对MC3T3-E1细胞中OPG蛋白分泌水平的影响
以不同浓度的化合物分别处理MC3T3-E1细胞48h,收集细胞上清。4℃,2000-3000r·min-1离心20min后收集上清。利用ELISA试剂盒进行检测(Nanjing Sen Bei JiaBiotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing,China)。分别设空白孔、待测样品孔、标准品。每孔中先加样品稀释液40μL,再加待测样品10μL。封板后37℃孵育30min。去掉封板膜,弃去液体,每孔300μL洗涤液,静置30s后弃去,重复5次。每孔加入酶标试剂50μL,37℃孵育30min。洗板5次。加入50μL显色剂A,再加50μL显色剂B,37℃避光显色15min。每孔加50μL终止液。在450nm波长下一次检测各孔的吸光值。测定应在加终止液后15min以内进行。根据标准品的标准曲线,算待测样品中OPG的浓度。
结果如图4所示,3c、3v、3i1能够明显促进MC3T3-E1细胞中OPG的分泌水平。以上结果表明,3c、3v、3i1在体外可以增加MC3T3-E1细胞中成骨分化关键蛋白OPG表达和分泌。
实施例33、SD大鼠静脉注射或口服灌胃给予化合物的体内药代动力学(PK)研究
选用雄性SD大鼠(300-400g)。随机分组,标准环境饲养,自由饮水及摄食。通过静脉注射(IV)(1mg/kg)及口服灌胃(PO)(20mg/kg)给药。给药前称重,根据体重,计算给药量。动物在给药前禁食10-16h,给药结束4h后恢复饮食,其余试验期间动物自由摄食。分别在静脉注射给药0.083h、0.25h、0.5h、1h、2h、4h、8h、24h后,及口服灌胃给药后0.25h、0.5h、1h、2h、4h、6h、8h、24h后,经颌下静脉采血。每个样品采集约200μL,肝素钠抗凝,采集后放置冰上,并于2小时内离心分离血浆(离心条件:离心力6800g,6min,2-8℃)。采集的血浆样本在分析前存放于-70℃冰箱内,分析后剩余血浆样本继续存放于-70℃冰箱,保存期限为一个月。检测血浆样本中受试物的浓度,分析样品的同时进行质控样品准确度评价,并要求超过66%的质控样品的准确度在80-120%之间。收集各个时间点血药浓度,处理数据,计算药代动力学参数(计算方法:WinNonlin),如药物浓度-时间曲线下面积(AUC(0-t))、分布半衰期(T1/2)、最大血药浓度(Cmax)、达峰时间(Tmax)和口服生物利用度(F)等。
从表4可以看出,在相同剂量下,化合物3c的药时曲线下面积AUC0-∞(h·ng·mL-1)和生物利用度F%分别为89.21和2.46,化合物3i1的药时曲线下面积AUC0-∞(h·ng·mL-1)和生物利用度F%分别为120.78和7.33,化合物3g1的药时曲线下面积AUC0-∞(h·ng·mL-1)和生物利用度F%分别为460.26和12.73,而3a的药时曲线下面积AUC0-∞(h·ng·mL-1)和生物利用度F%为25.06和0.89。与3a相比,化合物3c、3i1、3g1可以显著提高生物利用度。
表4.化合物体内药代动力学数据
最后需要说明的是,以上实施例仅用于帮助本领域技术人员理解本发明的实质,不用于限定本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
2.根据其权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于,其中,
卤素是指:氟、氯、溴、碘;
C1-C6烷基是指:包含1-6个碳原子的直链和支链的饱和烃基,如甲基、乙基、异丙基、正丁基、戊基或己基;也包括环烷基,即环状C3-C6烃基,如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基。
4.含有权利要求1-3任一所述的化合物的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物含有:
(1)治疗有效量的权利要求1-3任一所述的化合物;
和(2)以及一种或多种药学上可接受的载体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述的药物制剂是口服制剂,优选的,所述的药物制剂是口服的片剂。
6.权利要求1-3任一所述的化合物在制备药物中的应用,所述的药物用于治疗如下疾病:
(1)破骨细胞或骨吸收异常导致的疾病;
(2)成骨细胞分化不足导致的疾病;
(3)炎症导致的疾病;
(4)因OPG-RANKL-RANK通路异常导致的疾病;
(5)骨质疏松。
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