CN115245045A

CN115245045A - Glass with sensor switch surface

Info

Publication number: CN115245045A
Application number: CN202280001141.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·多罗萨里奥; A·内夫特; S·彭格尔; S·吉列森
Original assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Current assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority date: 2021-02-24
Filing date: 2022-02-23
Publication date: 2022-10-25
Also published as: WO2022180065A1; DE202022002745U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a glazing (100) comprising at least a first sheet (1) having a first surface (1.1), a second surface (1.2) and lateral faces extending therebetween; a conductive coating (4) and a linear opaque cover print (5) arranged on the first surface (1.1), wherein the linear opaque cover print (5) is formed by a printing ink (6) having a decomposition property with respect to the conductive coating (4), and at least one separation line (8) is formed by the linear opaque cover print (5), by means of which an electrical sensor switching surface (7) is formed in the conductive coating (4).

Description

Glass with sensor switch surface

Technical Field

The invention relates to a pane having a sensor switch surface, a pane arrangement having a pane according to the invention, a method for producing a pane according to the invention and the use thereof.

Background

Glass in buildings and vehicles is increasingly being equipped with large-area electrically conductive layers, so-called functional layers, which have to fulfill specific functions.

The conductive layer has the disadvantage that it is non-transparent to electromagnetic radiation, such as GPS signals or telecommunication signals. In order to ensure the transmission of said electromagnetic radiation, the coating may be equipped with a coating-free so-called communication window or data transmission window. DE 20 2020 106 489 U1 discloses a vehicle panel (Fahrzeugscheibe) comprising at least one glass panel with a transparent coating and an opaque masking print. The opaque cover print is arranged in the region for covering the camera region and/or the sensor region and/or in the surrounding edge region and is composed of a printing ink which has a disintegration property with respect to the transparent coating, so that the region in which the opaque cover print is arranged constitutes the communication window.

For reasons of energy saving and comfort, glass (Verglasungen) is subject to high demands with regard to its thermal insulation properties. It is therefore desirable to avoid high heat input caused by solar radiation, which leads to excessive heating of the interior space and in turn to high energy costs for the necessary air conditioning. The layer system seeks to remedy, where the light transmission and thus the heat input due to sunlight can be controlled by applying a voltage. Electrochromic layer systems are known, for example, from EP 0867752 A1, US 2007/0097481 A1 and US 2008/0169185 A1. Such layer systems are usually switched by means of an external switch located in the external environment of the glass.

Another function of the functional layer is to keep the field of view of the vehicle panel free of ice and moisture. Electrical heating layers are known (see, for example, WO 2010/043598 A1), which cause a targeted heating of the plate by applying a voltage. The heating layer is electrically contacted by bus conductors, which typically extend along the upper and lower edges of the plate. The current collecting conductor collects the current flowing through the electric heating layer and guides the current to an external lead wire, which is connected to a power supply. The voltage applied to the electric heating layer is usually controlled by an external switch, which in the case of a vehicle is integrated, for example, in the dashboard. It is desirable to directly control the heating layer at the respective glass.

It is known to form the sensor switching surface by means of a line or plane electrode or by arranging two coupled electrodes, for example as a capacitive sensor switching surface. Examples can be found in US 2007/0194216 A1. If an object approaches the sensor switch surface, the capacitance of the planar electrode to ground or the capacitance of a capacitor formed by two coupled electrodes changes. The change in capacitance is measured by the circuit arrangement or sensor electronics and triggers a switching signal when a threshold value is exceeded. Circuit arrangements for capacitive switching are known, for example, from DE 20 2006 006 192 U1, EP 0 899 882 A1, US 6,452,514 B1 and EP 1515211 A1.

The planar electrodes for the sensor switch plane can be integrated into the glass without further components. It is also known to configure the sensor switch plane by a separation line in the functional layer itself to be controlled. For example, WO 2015/162107 discloses an electrical heating layer with an integrated sensor switching plane for controlling the electrical heating layer.

EP 3 264 242 A1 discloses a touch-sensitive glass with a touch-sensitive device and light-emitting diodes and a method for producing such a glass.

The glass with integrated switching device disclosed in DE 20 2009 017952 U1 comprises a conductive coating, at least one electrode formed by an insulating region in the conductive coating and at least one switching surface formed by the at least one electrode on a plate, wherein the sum of the switching surfaces is at most 1/10 of the area of the glass.

In WO 2018/015040 A1 a window pane with a plurality of capacitive switching regions is disclosed, comprising a pane with an inner side surface and a coating which is arranged at least partially on the inner side surface of the pane, wherein the capacitive switching regions are each electrically separated from the coating by at least one uncoated separation line and can be electrically connected to sensor electronics.

If the sensor switch area is formed in the functional layer, this generally requires the functional layer to be coated in a cost-effective manner by means of a laser beam in order to introduce the structuring line. Furthermore, the design of the sensor switch surface in view of the functional layers is limited. In particular, it is mandatory to form the sensor switch area on the same board side as the functional layer to be switched.

In general, it would be desirable to be able to provide a sensor switch area in the electrically conductive coating without constructing a structured separation line by coating the coating in a cost-effective manner by means of a laser beam, and to have the sensor switch area in a region of the glass which is arranged independently of the region in which the functional element to be switched is arranged.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved glass with a sensor switch area, with which the mentioned disadvantages can be avoided. In industrial mass production, the glass should be simple and inexpensive to produce.

According to the invention, this and other objects are achieved by a glass with a sensor switch face according to the independent patent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims.

The invention relates to a glazing comprising at least a first pane, a conductive coating and a linear opaque masking print. The first plate has a first surface, a second surface, and side surfaces extending therebetween.

According to the invention, the conductive coating and the linear opaque mask print are arranged on the first surface of the first plate, and the linear opaque mask print is composed of printing ink. The printing ink has a decomposition characteristic with respect to the conductive coating.

Furthermore, according to the invention, at least one separation line is formed by the linear opaque cover print, by means of which the switching surface of the electrical sensor is formed in the electrically conductive coating. In this case, the conductive coating is electrically divided into the sensor switch area and the surrounding area.

In one embodiment of the invention, the electrically conductive coating is a sun protection coating, which preferably has at least one electrically conductive layer based on metal, in particular silver. Such sun protection coatings have reflection properties in the near infrared range, for example in the range from 800 nm to 1500 nm.

The sun shading coating has the following tasks: the solar radiation, in particular the components in the infrared range, are filtered out. The sun-shading coating preferably comprises at least one thin transparent metal layer, which is embedded between at least one respective dielectric layer. Silver has been recognized as a preferred metal for the metal layer because it not only has a relatively neutral color effect, but also selectively reflects infrared radiation outside the visible range of solar radiation. The dielectric layer has the task of improving the optical properties of the coated plate by the refractive index of the dielectric layer and of protecting the metallic functional layer from oxidation. Such solar protection layers, which can be produced, for example, by means of reactive sputtering, are used on a large scale in glass for buildings and already in motor vehicles. In most cases, layer systems having two silver functional layers, but also three or four silver functional layers, are used, since the efficiency of the silver functional layers, i.e. the reflection of infrared radiation outside the visible range, is greater compared to the transmission of visible radiation.

Suitable sun protection coverings are known, for example, from WO2013/104439A1 and DE 19927683C 1.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the electrically conductive coating is an emissivity-reducing coating. The emissivity reducing coating may also be referred to as a thermal radiation reflecting coating, a low emissivity coating or a low emissivity coating(Low E) coating (low emissivity). Such coatings are known, for example, from WO2013/131667A 1. The emissivity expression indicates a measure of how much heat radiation the panel emits into the interior space in the installed position compared to an ideal heat radiator (black body). The emissivity-reducing coating has the function of avoiding the incidence of heat into the interior (IR component of the solar radiation and in particular the thermal radiation of the panel itself) and also of radiating heat from the interior. The emissivity-reducing coating has reflection properties with respect to infrared radiation, in particular with respect to thermal radiation in the spectral range of 5 μm to 50 μm (see also standard DIN EN 12898. This is very effective in improving the thermal comfort in the interior. In this case, the emissivity-reducing coating can be particularly effective in the case of high external temperatures and solar radiation for at least partially reflecting the thermal radiation radiated by the entire panel in the direction of the interior. In the case of low external temperatures, the emissivity-reducing coating can effectively reflect the thermal radiation radiated from the interior space and thus reduce the effect of the cold plate as a heat sink. The emissivity-reducing coating preferably comprises at least one transparent conductive oxide-based conductive layer which provides reflective properties with respect to thermal radiation. The transparent conductive oxide-based layer is also referred to below as TCO layer. The TCO layer is corrosion resistant and can be used on exposed surfaces. The TCO layer is preferably constructed on the basis of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), but may also be based, for example, alternatively on indium zinc mixed oxide (IZO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO, snO) ₂ F) or antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO, snO) ₂ Sb) structure.

In addition to the at least one electrically conductive layer, the sun-shading or emissivity-reducing coating usually has a dielectric layer, which, for example, as an antireflection layer, should increase the light transmission, as an adaptation layer should improve the crystallinity of the electrically conductive layer, as a smoothing layer should improve the surface structure of the layer lying above it, or as a barrier or barrier layer should prevent diffusion processes during the thermal treatment. Common materials for the dielectric layer include silicon nitride, titanium oxide, aluminum nitride, tin oxide, zinc oxide, tin-zinc mixed oxide, and silicon oxide.

The conductive coating is preferably a transparent conductive coating.

In the sense of the present invention, a coating is considered transparent if it has an average transmission of at least 70%, preferably at least 75%, in the visible spectral range and thus does not significantly limit the transmission through the glass.

The conductive coating preferably has a thickness of 80 nm to 1000 nm, particularly preferably 140 nm to 400 nm or 700 nm to 900 nm.

The linear opaque mask print preferably has a thickness of 4 μm (micrometer) to 40 μm, particularly preferably 5 μm to 25 μm.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one further separating line is formed by a line-shaped opaque cover print, which at least partially and in particular completely lines the electrical sensor switching surface. By this measure, the surrounding region can be constructed in a targeted manner. In particular, an electrical short circuit with the remaining conductive coating can be inhibited.

The linear opaque mask print preferably comprises at least one pigment and a glass frit. The linear opaque mask print may contain other compounds. The frit can be fused or melted and can thus permanently connect (fuse or sinter) the cover print to the glass surface. The pigment causes opacity that masks the print. Such a cover print is typically applied as an enamel.

The printing ink contains at least pigments and glass frits suspended in a liquid phase (solvent), for example water or an organic solvent such as alcohol, from which the linear opaque mask print is composed. The pigment is typically a Black pigment, such as pigment Carbon Black (Carbon Black), aniline Black, bone Black, iron oxide Black, spinel Black and/or graphite.

The decomposition properties of the printing ink with respect to the conductive coating can be achieved by a suitable choice of the frit. These frits are preferably based on bismuth zinc borate constructions. To achieve the decomposition behavior, the bismuth content and/or the boron content are preferably higher than in the case of conventional glass frits.

In a preferred embodiment, the printing ink comprises at least one pigment and a glass frit based on a bismuth zinc borate architecture.

In a further embodiment, the decomposing covering print known from WO 2014/133929 A2 can also be used.

Each separation line preferably has a width of 30 to 200 μm and especially 70 to 140 μm, so that the separation line is virtually imperceptible visually.

Preferably, the electrical sensor switch face is a capacitive sensor switch face.

In a preferred embodiment, the glazing additionally comprises a second pane which is connected to the first pane via a thermoplastic intermediate layer. The second plate has a first surface and a second surface and side faces extending therebetween. In this embodiment, therefore, the glass is configured as a composite plate. The surfaces of the first and second plates of the composite plate are generally referred to as side I, side II, side III and side IV from the outside to the inside.

In one embodiment, the first surface of the first sheet and the first surface of the second sheet are connected to each other via a thermoplastic interlayer. In this embodiment, the electrically conductive coating and the linear opaque masking print are arranged between the first plate and the thermoplastic intermediate layer and thus in the interior of the composite plate and in this way are protected from external influences. The first plate can be an outer plate of glass, which is designed as a composite plate, for example, and the second plate can be an inner plate. Alternatively, the first sheet may also form the inner sheet of glass constructed as a composite sheet and the second sheet may form the outer sheet. This embodiment is preferred because the sensor switch plane can be switched well from the inner side of the composite plate in the embodiment where the first plate forms the inner plate.

In one embodiment, the second surface of the first sheet and the first surface of the second sheet are connected to each other via a thermoplastic interlayer. In this embodiment, the electrically conductive coating and the linear opaque masking print are thus arranged at the composite plate in an externally located manner. The first pane may be an outer pane of glass, which is designed as a composite pane, for example, and the second pane may be an inner pane. However, in this embodiment, the first sheet is preferably an inner sheet of glass configured as a composite sheet, and the second sheet is an outer sheet.

If a composite panel is provided for separating an interior space from the outside environment in a window opening of a vehicle or building, the interior panel is used in the sense of the present invention to denote the panel facing the interior space (vehicle interior space). By external panel is meant a panel facing the external environment.

The thermoplastic interlayer comprises or consists of at least one thermoplastic, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), thermoplastic Polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), very particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and additives known to the person skilled in the art, such as plasticizers.

Plasticizers are compounds that make plastics softer, more flexible, more ductile, and/or more elastic. The plasticizer shifts the thermoelastic range of the plastic towards lower temperatures, so that the plastic has the desired more elastic properties in the range of operating temperatures. Preferred plasticizers are carboxylic acid esters, especially the less volatile carboxylic acid esters, fats, oils, soft resins and camphor. The other plasticizer is preferably an aliphatic diester of triethylene glycol or tetraethylene glycol. It is particularly preferred to use 3G7, 3G8 or 4G7 as plasticizer, wherein the first number represents the number of ethylene glycol units and the last number represents the number of carbon atoms in the carboxylic acid part of the compound. Thus, 3G8 represents triethylene glycol bis- (2-ethylhexanoate), i.e., formula C ₄ H ₉ CH (CH ₂ CH ₃ ) CO (OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) ₃ O ₂ CCH (CH ₂ CH ₃ ) C ₄ H ₉ The compound of (1).

The thermoplastic intermediate layer preferably comprises at least 3 wt.% (Gew.%), preferably at least 5 wt.%, particularly preferably at least 20 wt.%, still more preferably at least 30 wt.% and especially at least 40 wt.% of a plasticizer. The plasticizer preferably comprises or consists of triethylene glycol-bis- (2-ethylhexanoate).

The thermoplastic interlayer further preferably comprises at least 60% by weight, particularly preferably at least 70% by weight, in particular at least 90% by weight and for example at least 97% by weight, of polyvinyl butyral.

The thermoplastic intermediate layer may be constructed from one or more thermoplastic films arranged one on top of the other, wherein the thickness of the thermoplastic film is preferably 0.25 mm to 1 mm, typically 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.

The first plate preferably comprises or consists of glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass.

The thickness of the first plate may vary widely and may be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. It is preferred to use plates having a standard thickness of 1.0 mm to 25 mm and preferably 1.4 mm to 2.1 mm. The size of the plate may vary widely and depends on the application.

The glass may have any three-dimensional shape. Preferably, the first plate does not have a shadow zone, so that it can be coated, for example by cathode sputtering. Preferably, the first plate is flat or slightly or strongly curved in one or more directions in space. The first panel may be colorless or colored.

In the embodiment in which the glass has a second plate in addition to the first plate, the thickness of the second plate can likewise vary widely and be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. It is preferred to use a plate having a standard thickness of 1.0 mm to 25 mm and preferably 1.4 mm to 2.1 mm. The size of the plate may vary widely and depends on the application. Preferably, the second plate is flat or slightly or strongly curved in one or more directions in space. The second panel may be colorless or colored.

In the sense of the present invention, "transparent" means that the total transmission of the glazing complies with the legal requirements of windshields and front side panes and preferably has a transmission for visible light of more than 70%, in particular more than 75%. "transparent" with respect to the rear side window panel, the roof panel and the rear window panel may also mean a light transmission of 10% to 70%. Accordingly, "opaque" means a light transmission of less than 15%, preferably less than 5%, in particular 0%.

The glass configured as a composite plate may comprise a functional element with electrically controllable properties, which is arranged between the first plate and the thermoplastic interlayer or between the second plate and the thermoplastic interlayer. If the thermoplastic interlayer connecting the first and second sheet is a multilayer interlayer, functional elements having electrically controllable properties may also be arranged between two sublayers of the multilayer thermoplastic interlayer.

Functional elements with electrically controllable properties are, for example, SPDs (suspended particle devices), PDLCs (polymer dispersed liquid crystal), electrochromic or electroluminescent functional elements and are known per se to the person skilled in the art. Alternatively, the functional element with electrically controllable properties can also be a layer with a heating function. Suitable heatable layers are known to the person skilled in the art.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the glass according to the invention is designed as a composite plate having functional elements with electrically controllable properties arranged therein, and the functional elements with electrically controllable properties arranged in the composite plate are switched by an electrical sensor switch plane designed in the electrically conductive coating.

However, it is also possible to switch functional elements with electrically controllable properties arranged outside the glass or, for example, to switch lighting devices arranged outside the glass, in the glass or at the glass by means of an electrical sensor switch surface formed in the electrically conductive coating.

The electrical sensor switching plane is preferably arranged in the edge region of the glass. The electrical sensor switch area is particularly preferably arranged in a corner region of the glass.

The glazing according to the invention may comprise a peripheral covering print, wherein said peripheral covering print is optionally constructed from a printing ink having a decomposition property with respect to the conductive coating. The peripheral cover print may be arranged on the first surface of the first plate as a line-shaped opaque cover print. It is however also possible that the peripheral covering print is arranged on the second surface of the first panel or, in the case of a composite panel, on the first or second surface of the second panel.

It goes without saying that when the peripheral cover print is constructed from a printing ink having a decomposition property with respect to the conductive coating, it is preferably arranged on the same plate surface as the conductive coating.

The advantage of the pane according to the invention with an electrical sensor switching surface is that the at least one separating line, which is formed by a line-shaped opaque cover print, can be flexibly adapted to the respective installation situation, so that the position and shape of the electrical sensor switching surface in this surface can be easily changed.

In a configuration suitable for a simple switching function, the electrical sensor switching surface has two parallel or concentric conductors with tactile switch sections arranged at a distance from one another in the range between 0.3 and 1.5 cm, in particular between 0.5 and 1 cm. In order to reliably implement the switching function by means of an adult finger or even thumb, the conductor spacing should be measured and possibly also outside the ranges mentioned here.

For more complex control functions, the electrical sensor switching surface preferably has a plurality of conductors spaced apart from one another. In such a configuration, in particular with a "swipe" of the switching element or a targeted touching of a partial region of the switching element, which is known from smart phones and similar devices, a specific setting can be selected from a plurality of available settings.

The invention furthermore relates to a glass arrangement comprising a glass according to the invention and sensor electronics which are electrically connected to the sensor switch face. The sensor electronics are in particular capacitive sensor electronics.

The sensor electronics preferably measures the capacitance of the conductive coating to ground or the capacitance of two or more regions of the conductive coating to each other. If a change in capacitance is detected, the sensor electronics output a control signal, for example, in order to control the coloring of the electrochromic layer system, in that they output a suitable control voltage to the electrochromic layer system. The voltage values are selected, for example, such that the electrochromic layer system adopts its colorless state with maximum transparency for visible light in the case of one voltage value and the electrochromic layer system adopts its maximum coloring and minimum transparency in the case of another voltage value.

Sensor electronics for capacitive sensor switch surfaces are known, for example, from DE 20 2005 010 379 U1. In a simple embodiment, the capacitance of the sensor switch area is measured by a capacitance/voltage converter. The sensor switch area is charged to a predetermined voltage by the sensor electronics. The current required for charging is measured and converted into a voltage signal. The sensor switch surface is then discharged and recharged to a predetermined voltage. The change in capacitance of the sensor switch face can be measured by a change in voltage signal. When a grounded body (e.g., a person) approaches or touches the sensor switch face, the capacitance of the sensor switch face to ground changes. Alternatively, the sensor switch face may contain two regions and the capacitance between the two regions may be measured.

The capacitance change may be detected by a non-oscillating oscillator, and the non-oscillating oscillator may be oscillated by the capacitance change. Alternatively, the oscillating oscillator may be so strongly damped that the oscillation of the oscillating oscillator is interrupted. Sensor electronics with an oscillator are known from EP 0 899 882 A1.

The invention further relates to a method for producing a glazing according to the invention, wherein in a first step at least a first pane having a first surface, a second surface and a lateral surface running between the two is provided, in a second step a conductive coating is deposited on the first surface of the first pane, in a third step a printing ink having a decomposition property with respect to the conductive coating is impressed in a linear manner on the conductive coating, and in a fourth step the printing ink impressed in a linear manner is fired to form a linear opaque covering print, wherein the printing ink decomposes the region of the conductive coating lying below the printing ink and forms at least one separation line, by means of which an electrical sensor switching surface is formed in the conductive coating.

The conductive coating is preferably deposited in a second step in a vacuum-based coating method. Suitable vacuum-based coating methods are, for example, CVD (chemical vapor deposition) or PVD (physical vapor deposition) and are known to the person skilled in the art. The deposition of the conductive coating is generally carried out over the entire surface of the first plate.

The printing ink having a decomposition characteristic with respect to the conductive coating is preferably printed in a third step of the method in a screen printing method. Here, the printing ink is printed through the fine-meshed textile onto the first surface of the first plate. Here, the printing ink is pressed through the fabric, for example, with a squeegee. In addition to the areas that are impermeable to the printing ink, the textile has areas that are permeable to the printing ink, thus determining the geometry of the print. Thus, the fabric functions as a template for the printed matter.

After embossing the printing ink, the printing ink is calcined in a fourth step to form a line-shaped opaque mask print. The calcination is preferably carried out at a temperature of from 500 ℃ to 700 ℃, especially from 550 ℃ to 650 ℃.

The method according to the invention offers the following advantages in particular compared to methods according to the prior art: instead of requiring a costly de-coating of the conductive coating by means of a laser to construct the separation lines, the separation lines are constructed by applying a printing ink having decomposition properties with respect to the conductive coating and subsequently calcining the printing ink. Standard glass methods can therefore be applied.

If the glass should be bent, the first sheet is subjected to a bending process. It goes without saying that in the case of glass configured as a curved composite sheet, both the first sheet and the second sheet are subjected to a bending process prior to lamination. The first and second plates are preferably bent together (i.e. simultaneously and by the same tool) in full conformity, since the shapes of the plates thereby optimally coordinate with each other for later lamination. Typical temperatures for glass bending processes are, for example, 500 ℃ to 700 ℃.

To produce bent glass according to the invention, the firing can also be carried out during the bending process of the sheet in a bending furnace. Alternatively, however, in the production of bent glass according to the invention, the firing can also be carried out in a preceding process before the bending step. The preceding calcination step is advantageous in particular if the first surface of the first plate and thus also the screen print are arranged in an internal manner in the finished composite plate and therefore the printing ink which has not been calcined on the first surface of the first plate would come into contact with the first surface of the second plate during bending conforming to bending without the preceding calcination step.

In embodiments where the glass is configured as a composite panel, the method additionally comprises: a step of providing a second plate and a thermoplastic intermediate layer, a step of forming a stacking sequence of the first plate with the conductive coating and the linear opaque masking print applied thereon, the thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second plate, and a step of laminating the formed stacking sequence.

The lamination of the stacking sequence can be carried out by means of customary lamination methods. For example, the so-called autoclaving process can be carried out at an elevated pressure of about 10 to 15 bar and a temperature of 130 to 145 ℃ in about 2 hours. Alternatively, autoclaves (autoklavfreie) processes are also possible. The vacuum bag or vacuum ring method known per se works, for example, at about 200 millibar (mbar) and 80 ℃ to 110 ℃. The stacking sequence may also be extruded into a composite board in a calender between at least one pair of rolls. Apparatuses of this type for the production of boards are known and usually have at least one heating tunnel before the press. The temperature during the pressing process is, for example, 40 ℃ to 150 ℃. The combination of calender and autoclaving methods has proven particularly suitable in practice. Alternatively, a vacuum laminator may be used. These vacuum laminators consist of one or more heatable and evacuable chambers in which outer and inner plates are laminated at a reduced pressure of 0.01 mbar to 800 mbar and a temperature of 80 ℃ to 170 ℃ within, for example, about 60 minutes.

The above-described embodiments in conjunction with the glass according to the invention also apply in the same way to the method according to the invention and vice versa.

The invention furthermore relates to the use of the glass according to the invention in buildings or in means of transport for land, air or water traffic, for example as roof, side and/or wind screens. The use of the glass in motor vehicles is preferred according to the invention.

Drawings

The invention is explained in more detail on the basis of the figures and examples. The figures are schematic and not to scale. The drawings are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a top view of one design of a glass 100 according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through area B of FIG. 1 along cutting line X-X';

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the design shown in cross section in FIG. 2 of a glass 100 according to the invention during different stages of its manufacture;

FIG. 4 shows a top view of another embodiment of a glass sheet 100 according to the invention;

FIG. 5 shows a cross-section through region B of FIG. 4 along cutting line X-X';

FIG. 6 illustrates an enlarged top view of one embodiment of a region including region B of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 shows a segment of a cross section through another design of a glass 100 according to the invention;

FIG. 8 shows a segment of a cross section through another design of a glass 100 according to the invention;

FIG. 9 shows a segment of a cross section through another design of a glass 100 according to the invention; and

fig. 10 shows an embodiment of the method according to the invention according to a flowchart.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a design of a glass sheet 100 according to the invention and fig. 2 shows a cross section through the region B of fig. 1 along the cutting line X-X'.

As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the glass 100 according to the invention in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2 has a first plate 1, which first plate 1 has a first surface 1.1 and a second surface 1.2 and a peripheral side surface. The first plate 1 consists for example of soda-lime glass and has a thickness of 2.1 mm.

A conductive coating 4 and a line-shaped opaque mask print 5 are arranged on the first surface 1.1 of the first plate. The conductive coating is for example an emissivity reducing coating, comprising a conductive ITO layer together with a dielectric layer (nebst) and having a thickness of 400 nm. Alternatively, the electrically conductive coating 4 can also be, for example, a sun-shading coating with a plurality of electrically conductive silver layers together with dielectric layers. The linear opaque mask print 5 is formed from a printing ink 6, the printing ink 6 having a decomposition characteristic with respect to the conductive coating 4, and a separation line 8 is formed by the linear opaque mask print 5. The electrical sensor switching surface 7 is formed in the conductive coating 4 by a separating line 8. The separation line 8 has a width of 70 μm, for example. The linear opaque mask print 5 has a thickness of 25 μm, for example. The printing ink 6 contains at least one pigment and a glass frit based on a bismuth borate structure.

Fig. 3 shows a cross section of a glass 100 according to the invention during various stages of its production, the design of which is shown in cross section in fig. 2.

First, a first plate 1 is provided, which has a first surface 1.1 and a second surface 1.2 and a circumferential side surface (fig. 3 (a)). The conductive coating 4 is then deposited over the entire surface of the first surface 1.1 of the first plate 1 by means of magnetic field assisted cathodic deposition (fig. 3 (b)). A printing ink 6 having a decomposition property with respect to the conductive coating 4 is then printed in a line-like manner onto the conductive coating (fig. 3 (c)). The linearly imprinted printing ink 6 is then fired to form a linear opaque screen print 5, the printing ink 6 breaking down the region of the conductive coating 4 lying underneath said printing ink and forming at least one separation line 8, by means of which separation line 8 an electrical sensor switching surface is formed in the conductive coating 4 (fig. 3 (d)).

Fig. 4 shows a top view of a further embodiment of a glass sheet 100 according to the invention and fig. 5 shows a cross section through the region B of fig. 4 along the cutting line X-X'.

The glass 100 according to the invention shown in fig. 4 and 5 differs from the glass shown in fig. 1 and 2 only in that, in addition to the first separation line 8, a further separation line 8' is formed from the linear opaque covering print 5, which at least partially covers the electrical sensor switching surface 7. The further separating line 8' likewise has a width of, for example, 70 μm.

FIG. 6 illustrates an enlarged top view of one embodiment of a region including region B of FIG. 4.

As illustrated in fig. 6, the conductive coating 4 is structured by two separating lines 8, 8'. The electrically conductive coating 4 is electrically divided by a first separating line 8 into an electrical sensor switching area 7 and a surrounding area 9. The surrounding region 9 is electrically divided from the remaining region of the remaining conductive coating 4 by a second separation line 8'. Both separation lines 8, 8' have a width of, for example, 70 μm and are constructed from a linear opaque mask print 5, said mask print 5 being made of a printing ink having a decomposition characteristic with respect to the conductive coating.

The electrical sensor switch area 7 comprises a touch region 10, which touch region 10 is, for example, circular in shape and merges into a lead region 11. The width of the touch area 10 is, for example, 40 mm. The width of the lead region 11 is, for example, 1 mm. The lead areas 11 are conductively connected to the capacitive sensor electronics 12 via film conductors (not shown). The film conductor is composed of, for example, a 50 μm thick copper film and is insulated with, for example, a polyimide layer outside the lead region 11.

The electrical sensor switch surface 7 is here a capacitive sensor switch surface. The capacitive sensor electronics 12 measure the change in capacitance of the sensor switch surface 7 relative to "ground" and forward the switching signal, for example, to a CAN bus of the vehicle according to a threshold value. Any function in the vehicle can be switched by the switching signal.

The switching process can be triggered when a human body part, such as a finger, approaches the sensor switch surface 7 or touches the sensor switch surface 7. For example, a reference signal of varying capacitance is taken from the surrounding area 9.

Fig. 7 shows a section through a cross section of another embodiment of the glass 100 according to the invention. The embodiment shown in fig. 7 differs from the embodiment shown in fig. 2 only in that the glass comprises a second pane 2 having a first surface 2.1 and a second surface 2.2 and a circumferential lateral surface, and in that the first pane 1 is connected to the second pane 2 via a thermoplastic intermediate layer 3. In the embodiment shown in fig. 7, the first sheet 1 and the second sheet 2 are arranged such that the second surface 1.2 of the first sheet 1 and the first surface 2.1 of the second sheet 2 are directed towards the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3.

The second plate 2 consists for example of soda lime glass and has a thickness of 2.1 mm. The thermoplastic interlayer 3 is for example composed of a PVB film of 0.76 mm thickness.

The first pane 1 is, for example, an inner pane of glass designed as a composite pane and the second pane 2 is an outer pane. Alternatively, the first plate 1 may also be an outer plate and the second plate 2 may be an inner plate.

Fig. 8 shows a section through a cross section of another embodiment of a glass 100 according to the invention. The design shown in fig. 8 differs from the design shown in fig. 7 only in that the first surface 1.1 of the first sheet 1 and the first surface 2.1 of the second sheet 2 are directed towards the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3. The conductive coating 4 and the linear opaque masking print are thus arranged in an internal manner and in this way protected from external influences. In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the first pane 1 is an outer pane of glass, which is designed as a composite pane, and the second pane 2 is an inner pane.

Fig. 9 shows a section through a cross section of another embodiment of a glass 100 according to the invention. The embodiment shown in fig. 9 differs from the embodiment shown in fig. 8 only in that the first pane 1 is an inner pane of glass constructed as a composite pane and the second pane 2 is an outer pane.

Fig. 10 shows, according to a flow chart, one embodiment of a method according to the invention for producing a glass 100 according to the invention, comprising the following steps:

p1 provides a first plate 1 having a first surface 1.1, a second surface 1.2 and side faces extending therebetween.

P2 deposits a conductive coating 4 onto the first surface 1.1 of the first plate 1.

P3 imprints onto the conductive coating in a linear manner a printing ink 6 having a decomposition characteristic with respect to the conductive coating 4.

P4, the linearly imprinted printing ink 6 is calcined into a linearly opaque screen print 5, wherein the printing ink 6 breaks down the region of the conductive coating 4 lying underneath the printing ink and forms at least one separation line 8, by means of which separation line 8 an electrical sensor switch area 7 is formed in the conductive coating 4.

List of reference numerals

1. First plate

2. Second plate

3. Thermoplastic interlayer

4. Conductive coating

5. Linear opaque mask print

6. Printing ink

7. Switch surface of electric sensor

8. 8' separation line

9. Surrounding area

10. Touch area

11. Lead region

12. Sensor electronics

100. Glass

1.1 First surface of first plate 1

1.2 Second surface of the first plate 1

2.1 First surface of the second plate 2

2.2 Second surface of the second plate 2

X-X' cutting line.

Claims

1. A glass (100) comprising at least

A first plate (1) having a first surface (1.1), a second surface (1.2) and side faces extending therebetween,

a conductive coating (4) and a linear opaque mask print (5) arranged on the first surface (1.1),

wherein the linear opaque cover print (5) is formed by a printing ink (6) which has a decomposition property with respect to the conductive coating (4), and at least one separation line (8) is formed by the linear opaque cover print (5), by means of which an electrical sensor switching surface (7) is formed in the conductive coating (4).

2. Glass (100) according to claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive coating (4) is a sun-shading coating having at least one electrically conductive layer based on metal, in particular based on silver.

3. Glass (100) according to claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive coating (4) is an emissivity reducing coating having at least one electrically conductive layer based on a transparent conductive oxide.

4. Glazing (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one further separation line (8') is formed by the linear opaque covering print (5), which at least partially and in particular completely lines the electrical sensor switching surface (7).

5. Glass (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the printing ink (6) comprises at least one pigment and a glass frit based on a bismuth zinc borate configuration.

6. Glass (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each separation line (8, 8') has a width of 30 μm to 200 μm and in particular 70 μm to 140 μm.

7. Glass (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electrical sensor switch face (7) is a capacitive sensor switch face.

8. Glass (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, additionally comprising a second sheet (2) having a first surface (2.1) and a second surface (2.2) and lateral flanks running therebetween, the second sheet (2) being joined to the first sheet (1) via a thermoplastic interlayer (3) to form a composite sheet.

9. Glass (100) according to claim 8, additionally comprising a functional element with electrically controllable properties, which is arranged between the first sheet (1) and the thermoplastic interlayer (3) or between the second sheet (2) and the thermoplastic interlayer (3) or between two sublayers of a multilayer thermoplastic interlayer (3).

10. Glass (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the electrical sensor switching plane (7) is arranged in an edge region of the glass (100), preferably in a corner region of the glass (100).

11. Glass (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, additionally comprising a peripheral covering print, wherein said peripheral covering print is optionally constructed of a printing ink (6) having a decomposing property with respect to the conductive coating (4).

12. A glass apparatus, comprising:

-a glazing (100) according to any of claims 1 to 11,

-sensor electronics (12), in particular capacitive sensor electronics, which are electrically connected to the electrical sensor switch face (7).

13. A method for manufacturing a glazing (100) according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein at least

a) Providing a first plate (1) having a first surface (1.1), a second surface (1.2) and side faces extending therebetween,

b) Depositing a conductive coating (4) onto a first surface (1.1) of the first plate (1),

c) -embossing a printing ink (6) having a decomposition characteristic with respect to the conductive coating (4) onto the conductive coating in a linear manner,

d) The linearly imprinted printing ink (6) is calcined into a linearly opaque screen print (5), wherein the printing ink (6) breaks down the region of the conductive coating (4) lying below the printing ink and forms at least one separation line (8), by means of which separation line (8) an electrical sensor switching surface (7) is formed in the conductive coating (4).

14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the printing ink (6) is calcined into the linear opaque mask print (5) at a temperature of 500 to 700 ℃, in particular 550 to 650 ℃.

15. Use of a glazing (100) according to any of claims 1 to 11 in a building or in a vehicle for land, air or water traffic, in particular in a motor vehicle, for example as a sunroof, side sunroof and/or windshield.