CN115195124A - Detection method and related device for 3D printing model - Google Patents
Detection method and related device for 3D printing model Download PDFInfo
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- CN115195124A CN115195124A CN202210653701.XA CN202210653701A CN115195124A CN 115195124 A CN115195124 A CN 115195124A CN 202210653701 A CN202210653701 A CN 202210653701A CN 115195124 A CN115195124 A CN 115195124A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 190
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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Abstract
The application discloses a detection method and a related device of a 3D printing model, which are used for reducing waste of printing materials and printing time. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring, by a plurality of the cameras, image information of a model printed on the printing platform; acquiring a first effective image of the model from the image information according to calibration information preset by the camera; acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from a reference image; determining the similarity of the first effective image and the second effective image; and if the similarity between the model image and the reference image is smaller than a set threshold value, generating an alarm signal for prompting a user that the model is printed wrongly, and stopping printing.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a detection method and a related device for a 3D printing model.
Background
A 3D printer, a machine of rapid prototyping technology, is a technology for constructing objects by layer-by-layer printing using bondable materials such as powdered metal or plastic based on digital model files. In the past, the method is often used for manufacturing models in the fields of mold manufacturing, industrial design and the like, and is gradually used for directly manufacturing some products, and the 3D printing technology is popularized in the lives of people.
The 3D printer is mostly once integrated into one piece at the printing in-process, sets up the parameter through relevant section software at the model after, both can directly print, and the intermediate process need not the people and is on duty all the time, prints the completion until the model. However, the 3D printer may have problems such as unreasonable parameter setting, resin material replacement, and energy attenuation due to equipment aging, which may cause problems such as printing failure (e.g., missing or missing) of the model.
When the complexity of the model is high or the volume of the model is large, the printing time is increased, and if errors occur in midway printing, the 3D printer still continues to work. After all printing processes are executed, the operation is suspended, which wastes not only time but also materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a detection method of a 3D printing model in a first aspect, which is applied to a 3D printer, wherein the 3D printer comprises a printing platform and a plurality of cameras, and the detection method comprises the following steps:
acquiring image information of a model printed on a printing platform through a plurality of cameras;
acquiring a first effective image of the model from image information according to calibration information preset by a camera;
acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image;
determining the similarity of the first effective image and the second effective image;
and if the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image is smaller than a set threshold, generating an alarm signal for prompting the user model to print errors, and stopping printing.
Optionally, the 3D printer further comprises a material tank; before the first effective image of the model is obtained from the image information according to the preset calibration information of the camera, the method further comprises the following steps:
controlling the printing platform to move so that the distance between the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the material groove is a preset length h1;
acquiring a calibration image through a camera, wherein the calibration image comprises a printing platform and a trough;
and determining the calibration information of the camera according to the preset length h1, the position of the bottom surface of the printing platform in the calibration image and the position of the top end of the trough in the calibration image.
Optionally, obtaining a first effective image of the model from the image information according to calibration information preset by the camera includes:
and acquiring an area corresponding to a calibration image between the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the trough from the image information to serve as a first effective image.
Optionally, acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image includes:
acquiring the number n of printed layers of the model;
determining a platform calibration position of the printing platform according to the number n of printed layers, the thickness d of each layer of printed model, the height h2 of a material groove, the lifting distance z of the printing platform after each layer is printed and the preset length h1;
determining a material groove calibration position at the top of a material groove according to the number n of printed layers, the thickness d of each layer of printed model, the height h2 of the material groove and the lifting distance z of the printing platform after each layer is printed;
and determining a second effective image from the reference image according to the platform calibration position, the trough calibration position, the total layer number t of the model and the resolution w in the height direction of the reference image.
Optionally, the length from the platform calibration position to the bottom of the model is: n + d + z-h1-h2;
the length of the trough calibration position from the bottom of the model is as follows: n x d + z-h2;
the coordinates of the two ends of the second effective image in the height direction in the reference image are respectively as follows:
(n + d + z-h1-h 2) w/(d t), and
(n*d+z-h2)*w/(d*t)。
optionally, a model file for printing the model is stored in the 3D printer;
before acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image, the detection method further includes:
acquiring a reference image from the model file; the generation method of the model file comprises the following steps:
generating an equivalent cylinder according to the model to be printed, wherein the equivalent cylinder is tangent to the model to be printed;
generating a positive D-polygon according to the equivalent cylinder, wherein the positive D-polygon is tangent to the equivalent cylinder, and D is an integer more than or equal to 3;
storing images of the model to be printed corresponding to a plurality of vertexes of the positive D-polygon as reference images;
the number of the plurality of cameras is D, and the plurality of cameras are on the same plane; the plurality of cameras are evenly distributed.
Optionally, before the image information of the model printed on the printing platform is acquired by the plurality of cameras, the detection method further includes:
determining a height value of the model;
if the height value of the model is larger than the set height threshold value and the height of the printed model reaches the preset height threshold value, starting the camera;
after the first effective image is compared with the second effective image, the detection method further comprises the following steps:
if the similarity between the model image and the reference image is larger than or equal to a set threshold value, determining whether the model is printed;
if the model is not printed, controlling to print a layer of model, and then repeatedly executing the step of obtaining the image information of the model printed on the printing platform through a plurality of cameras; acquiring a first effective image of the model from image information according to calibration information preset by a camera; acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image; determining the similarity of the first effective image and the second effective image; if the similarity between the model image and the reference image is smaller than a set threshold value, generating an alarm signal for prompting a user that the model is printed wrongly and stopping printing until the model stops printing;
the 3D printer still includes light source, silo, and the silo is used for holding printing material, and the one deck model is printed in the control, includes:
controlling the printing platform to move downwards so that the distance between the printing platform and the bottom of the material groove is equal to the thickness of one layer of the model;
controlling the light source to illuminate so as to solidify the printing material, and controlling the printing platform to move upwards by a lifting distance z;
the 3D printer is connected with intelligent terminal communication, after generating the alarm signal that is used for indicateing user model printing error and stops printing, still includes:
and sending the alarm signal to the intelligent terminal to remind the user that the model is printed wrongly.
This application second aspect provides a detection device of 3D printing model, includes:
a first acquisition unit configured to acquire image information of a model printed on a printing platform by a plurality of cameras;
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring a first effective image of the model from the image information according to calibration information preset by the camera;
a third acquiring unit configured to acquire a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image;
the similarity unit is used for determining the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image;
and the generating unit is used for generating an alarm signal for prompting the user model to print errors and stopping printing if the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image is smaller than a set threshold value.
A third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device comprising:
a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor;
the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the detection method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
A fourth aspect of the application provides a computer readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
according to the method and the device, firstly, the image information of the model printed on the printing platform is obtained through the plurality of cameras, the first effective image of the model is obtained from the image information according to the preset calibration information of the cameras, the second effective image corresponding to the first effective image is obtained from the reference image, and the first effective image is compared with the second effective image. And if the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image is smaller than a set threshold, generating an alarm signal for prompting the user model to print errors, and stopping printing. In the printing process, the first effective image and the second effective image are compared for multiple times, whether the real-time printed solid model and the reference model are printed in the preset area or not is detected, if the printing error condition occurs, the 3D printer is stopped immediately, the printed model can be detected whether to fail or not without waiting for the completion of the printing of the model, and the waste of printing materials and printing time is reduced. The second image is an image corresponding to the first effective image obtained from the reference image, and the reference image is not compared with the first effective image in whole, so that the accuracy of the detection model can be improved, and detection errors can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a 3D printing model detection method according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the detailed step 103 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a detection apparatus for 3D printing of a model according to the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for distinguishing between descriptions and not necessarily for describing or implying relative importance.
In prior art, 3D printer is mostly once integrated into one piece at the printing in-process, and after the model has set the parameter through relevant section software, both can directly print, and the intermediate process need not the people and keeps on all the time, prints the completion until the model. However, the 3D printer may have problems such as unreasonable parameter setting, resin material replacement, and energy attenuation due to equipment aging, which may cause a printing failure of the model, such as a fault or a piece drop. When the complexity of the model is high or the volume of the model is large, the printing time is increased, and if errors occur in midway printing, the 3D printer still continues to work. After all printing processes are executed, the operation is suspended, which wastes not only time but also materials.
Based on this, the application discloses a detection method and a related device for a 3D printing model, in the printing process, a first effective image and a second effective image are compared, namely whether the real-time printed entity model and a reference model are printed in a preset area or not is detected, if the printing error condition occurs, the 3D printer is stopped immediately, the model can be detected whether to fail or not without waiting for the completion of the printing of the model, and the waste of printing materials and printing time is reduced. The second image is an image corresponding to the first effective image obtained from the reference image, and the reference image is not compared with the first effective image in whole, so that the accuracy of the detection model can be improved, and detection errors can be reduced.
The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides an embodiment of a method for detecting a 3D printing model, which is applied to a 3D printer, where the 3D printer includes a printing platform and a plurality of cameras, and the method includes:
101. acquiring image information of a model printed on a printing platform through a plurality of cameras;
wherein the plurality of cameras are located at different positions to capture a model on the printing platform.
After the 3D printer starts to operate, the 3D printer shoots the model being printed from multiple angles through multiple cameras to obtain image information of the model printed on the printing platform, wherein the image information is a picture of the model.
The 3D printer prints the model through the mode that the successive layer was printed, and every completion 1 layer or multilayer are printed, and terminal lifting print platform does not want the lifting to the silo top with the part that has printed out to make this part model of camera can shoot as the standard, shoot the part that has printed out through the camera in preset position, can generate image information.
The 3D printer can also wait for the model to print, and wait for a part of model to expose from the silo, the camera is shot the model again. The preset positions of the cameras are related to the positions of the trough and/or the printing platform, and particularly the cameras are uniformly distributed around the trough and/or the printing platform.
It will be appreciated that the 3D printer prints from the sliced model file, which is a file stored in memory to instruct the 3D printer how to print the model. The format of the model file is not limited, and may be of the type "gcode", for example.
102. Acquiring a first effective image of the model from image information according to calibration information preset by a camera;
the calibration information preset by the camera is used for determining which area of the image information the printed partial model is located in, so that the area is cut off to obtain the first effective image. The calibration information preset by the camera may be the position of the printing platform and the position of the material tank, or the positions of other components of the 3D printer, which is not limited herein, and all parts that can mainly generate a calibration effect on the printed model belong to the protection scope of the embodiment of the present application.
For example: when the model printing is not started, the printing platform is moved to a set position, the trough and the printing platform are shot through the camera to form an initial image, and the calibration information is determined according to the resolution of the initial image, the bottom position of the printing platform and the top position of the trough in the image. In the process of printing the model, when the printing platform reaches the same height as the previously calibrated image, starting to shoot the image to form image information, and then shooting the image once every time 1 layer or the set number of layers is printed; the calibration information may be used to determine a model region from image information captured by the camera to generate a first valid image.
Wherein, the calibration information can be stored in the 3D printer in advance. May be stored in fixed memory or removable memory. In particular, it may be stored in a U disk communicatively connected to the 3D printer, such as in a sliced file in the U disk. Since the camera position of the same printer does not change, it can also be stored in a fixed memory. The calibration information may be recalibrated and stored before printing the model each time, and is not specifically limited in this application.
103. Acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image;
the reference image may be located in a model file, and the reference image is an image of a model preset corresponding to a plurality of camera shooting angles. For example, when the virtual model is sliced in the slicing software, the corresponding reference image may be generated according to a preset position of the virtual camera corresponding to the real camera of the 3D printer. The reference image is a set-angle reference image of the entire model.
The set angle corresponds to the camera position. For example: setting 3 cameras which are uniformly distributed at the positions of 0 degree, 120 degrees and 240 degrees of a 3D printer, setting the printing positions of the models in slicing software, and then respectively taking images of the models from the positions of 0 degree, 120 degrees and 240 degrees to generate reference images.
In the first effective image, the first effective image is only a partial image of the model, so that a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image needs to be acquired according to the first effective image.
104. Determining the similarity of the first effective image and the second effective image;
when the terminal acquires a corresponding second effective image from the reference image according to the first effective image, the first effective image and the second effective image can be compared, namely, whether a difference exists between the printed model and the standard model or not is compared. Specifically, the first effective image is compared with the second effective image, and whether problems such as faults, parts falling and the like occur in the printed model is judged, so that the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image is determined.
105. And if the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image is smaller than the set threshold, generating an alarm signal for prompting the user model to print errors, and stopping printing.
When the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image is smaller than a set threshold value, the printed model has the problems of fault, piece dropping and the like on the characteristics, and the difference from the standard model is overlarge. And the terminal generates an alarm signal for prompting the user model to print errors and stops printing so as to reduce the waste of the printing time and the printing materials.
In the present application, image information of a model printed on a printing platform is first acquired by a plurality of cameras. And acquiring a first effective image of the model from the image information according to calibration information preset by the camera. And acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image. The first effective image is compared with the second effective image. And if the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image is smaller than a set threshold, generating an alarm signal for prompting the user model to print errors, and stopping printing. In the printing process, the first effective image and the second effective image are compared for multiple times, namely whether the real-time printed entity model and the reference model are printed in the preset area or not is detected, if the printing error condition occurs, the 3D printer is stopped immediately, the model can be detected whether to fail or not without waiting for the completion of the model printing, and the waste of printing materials and printing time is reduced. The second image is an image corresponding to the first effective image obtained from the reference image, and the reference image is not compared with the first effective image in the whole process, so that the accuracy of the detection model can be improved, and errors can not be detected.
In the embodiment of the application, a model file for printing the model is stored in the 3D printer. Before acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image, the detection method further includes:
a reference image is obtained from the model file.
The model file stores the reference image, and the reference image can be directly read from the model file.
Wherein the model file is generated in a device, such as a computer, running the slicing software. Specifically, the method for generating the model file comprises the following steps:
(11) And generating an equivalent cylinder according to the model to be printed, wherein the equivalent cylinder is tangent to the model to be printed.
The model to be printed is a virtual model, and the device for operating the slicing software slices the model to be printed and then stores the sliced model to obtain a model file.
The equivalent cylinder is a hollow cylinder, and the model to be printed is tangent to the inner edge of the equivalent cylinder.
(12) And generating a positive D-polygon according to the equivalent cylinder, wherein the positive D-polygon is tangent to the equivalent cylinder, and D is an integer more than or equal to 3.
The specific number of positive D-polygons is not limited. This application embodiment is total, and D can be 3 for the quantity of camera is minimum, reduces the cost of 3D printer.
(13) And saving images of the model to be printed corresponding to a plurality of vertexes of the positive D-polygon as reference images.
Wherein, the fixed point position of positive D polygon corresponds with the position of the camera in the 3D printer.
The application is applied to the photocuring 3D printer. According to the structural characteristics of the photocuring 3D printer, the upper surface and the lower surface of the model cannot be observed in the printing process, the upper surface of the model is adsorbed on a printing platform, and the lower surface of the model is generally soaked in liquid resin, so that only the outer surface of the printed model can be observed. Therefore, when the reference image of the model is made, only the outer surface of the 3D model needs to be considered.
Each vertex of the regular D-shaped polygon is an observation point, and a line from the vertex to the circle center is an observation direction. At least 3 faces are required to restore the outer surface of the object. According to this theoretical embodiment the reference image is determined by the maximum print volume of the 3D printer.
Assuming that the maximum printing volume of the 3D printer is L (length) × W (width) × H (height), a maximum circle tangent to the maximum circle can be drawn on a rectangular plane formed by L (length) × W (width), a regular D-polygon circumscribed with the circle is drawn, image capturing positions of a plurality of cameras and image capturing positions of reference images are set according to the vertex of the regular D-polygon, the direction from the vertex to the center of a circle is the image capturing direction, and the generated D reference images can completely restore the model. Wherein, the minimum number of sides of the regular D shape is 3, namely an equilateral triangle.
And obtaining a 360-degree circular viewing surface of the model by using a surface formed by the circular arcs of the equivalent cylinder corresponding to the D vertexes of the regular D-polygon, and generating D reference images according to the D surface, wherein the D reference images can basically restore the full appearance of the side surface of the model. When the slicing software saves the slice file, the D reference images and the related printing parameters (such as layer thickness, layer number, etc.) are saved in the slice file for subsequent image contrast identification.
It should be noted that, in addition to the equilateral triangle, other regular polygons may be used to generate the reference image in the circular cross section. More reference images can be compared to more accurately judge whether printing errors exist, especially for some complex models, lines are very complex, and some visual angle errors may exist only through the reference images of three surfaces, so that the accuracy of subsequent comparison is reduced, and therefore, a plurality of reference images need to be generated through a plurality of surfaces for comparison.
As can be seen from the above reference image generation method, the mounting position of the camera is related to the maximum size of the 3D printer print model. If the maximum printing volume of the 3D printer printing model is L long wide W high H, the rectangle is equal to an inscribed circle, and an circumscribed equilateral triangle is obtained through the circle. The three vertices of the equilateral triangle are the planar positions where the camera is installed, and the installation height can be adjusted according to the equipment parameters and the specific environment. In addition, since the target shooting positions of the plurality of cameras correspond to the vertices of the regular polygon in the reference image generation process, the images shot by the plurality of cameras can have a corresponding area with the reference image, and the subsequent image comparison process can be performed.
The number of the cameras is D, and the cameras are on the same plane; the plurality of cameras are evenly distributed.
In the embodiment of the application, the 3D printer further comprises a chute; before the first effective image of the model is acquired from the image information according to the preset calibration information of the camera, the detection method further comprises the following steps:
(21) And controlling the printing platform to move so that the distance between the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the trough is a preset length h1.
Before printing, the 3D printer needs to generate calibration information for a plurality of cameras, and specifically needs to control the printing platform to move, so that the distance between the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the trough is a preset length h1, and the preset length h1 is set as an effective shooting area.
The printing platform is controlled to move, so that when the distance between the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the trough is the preset length h1, the printing platform can be used before a model is formed on the printing platform, and the process of printing the model is not influenced.
The specific length of the predetermined length is not limited, and may be, for example, 10mm,15mm, or the like.
(22) And acquiring a calibration image through a camera, wherein the calibration image comprises a printing platform and a trough.
The calibration image captures a portion including at least a portion of the printing platform and at least a portion of the gutter.
(23) And determining the calibration information of the camera according to the preset length h1, the position of the bottom surface of the printing platform in the calibration image and the position of the top end of the trough in the calibration image.
The 3D printer determines calibration information of the camera according to the preset length h1, the position of the bottom surface of the printing platform in the calibration image and the position of the top end of the trough in the calibration image, so that in the acquired model printing process, the image information shot by the plurality of cameras can determine the effective area through the calibration information.
It will be appreciated that each of the plurality of cameras determines calibration information.
The calibration information of the camera is determined through the position of the bottom surface of the printing platform in the calibration image and the position of the top end of the trough in the calibration image, and the accuracy of obtaining the first effective image can be improved.
In this embodiment of the present application, obtaining the first effective image of the model from the image information according to the preset calibration information of the camera may include:
acquiring an area corresponding to a calibration image between the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the trough from the image information to serve as a first effective image;
after the 3D printer acquires the image information through the camera, the position names of the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the trough are determined from the image information through the calibration information, and an area corresponding to the calibration image between the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the trough is required to be used as a first effective image.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present application, acquiring a second effective image corresponding to a first effective image from a reference image includes:
201. the number of printed layers n of the model is obtained.
When the 3D printer prints the model, the number of printed layers of the model is recorded. The number of printed layers n of the model can be directly acquired when necessary.
202. And determining the platform calibration position of the printing platform according to the number n of printed layers, the thickness d of the printed model of each layer, the height h2 of the trough, the lifting distance z of the printing platform after each layer is printed and the preset length h1.
The height h2 and the preset length h1 of the trough can be stored in the 3D printer in advance, and the height h2 and the preset length h1 of the trough are different for different 3D printers.
The thickness d of the model printed on each layer and the lifting distance z of the printing platform after each layer is printed are stored in the model file.
The smaller the thickness d of the printed pattern per layer, the higher the fineness of the pattern.
Lifting distance z is first platform and is accomplishing the printing back of one deck, needs lifting print platform's rising distance, and print platform rises, and the model on the print platform is followed and is risen to make the printing material in the silo of 3D printer, if backward flow such as resin, when print platform drove the model decline once more, the light source of 3D printer could carry out the photocuring to the printing material in the silo once more and handle.
The platform calibration position is the position of the model corresponding to the position of the lower surface of the calibration printing platform.
Wherein, the length of platform calibration position apart from the model bottom is: n x d + z-h1-h2.
203. And determining the calibration position of the trough at the top of the trough according to the number n of printed layers, the thickness d of each layer of printed model, the height h2 of the trough and the lifting distance z of the printing platform after each layer is printed.
The calibration position of the trough is the position of the model corresponding to the position of the top of the calibrated printing platform.
The length from the calibration position of the trough to the bottom of the model is as follows: n x d + z-h2.
204. And determining a second effective image from the reference image according to the platform calibration position, the trough calibration position, the total layer number t of the model and the resolution w in the height direction of the reference image.
The coordinates of the two ends of the second effective image in the height direction in the reference image are respectively as follows:
(n + d + z-h1-h 2) w/(d t), and
(n*d+z-h2)*w/(d*t)。
the coordinates of the two ends of the second effective image in the height direction in the reference image are determined, and then the second effective image in the reference image can also be determined.
In an embodiment of the application, before the image information of the model printed on the printing platform is acquired by the plurality of cameras, the detection method further includes:
(31) A height value of the model is determined.
The model file includes the height value of the model. The 3D printer is stored with a model file, namely the height value of the model can be obtained from the model file.
(32) If the height value of the model is larger than the set height threshold value and the height of the printed model reaches the preset height threshold value, starting the camera;
the terminal firstly determines the height of a model needing to be printed, and if the height of the model is larger than a set height threshold, the 3D printer is required to print the model to a preset height threshold, and then shooting is started. If the height of the model is not larger than the set height threshold value, shooting through a plurality of cameras after the printing of the model is finished.
The height value of the model is larger than the set height threshold, and after the height of the printed model reaches the preset height threshold, the camera is started to reduce the power consumption of the camera, otherwise, the camera sleeps.
The height threshold value can be h1+ h2-z.
In this embodiment of the present application, after determining the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image, the method further includes:
(41) If the similarity between the model image and the reference image is larger than or equal to a set threshold value, determining whether the model is printed completely;
(42) If the model is not printed, controlling to print a layer of model, and then repeatedly executing the step of obtaining the image information of the model printed on the printing platform through a plurality of cameras; acquiring a first effective image of the model from image information according to calibration information preset by a camera; acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image; comparing the first effective image with the second effective image; and if the similarity between the model image and the reference image is smaller than a set threshold value, generating an alarm signal for prompting a user that the model is printed wrongly and stopping printing until the model stops printing.
When the similarity between the model image and the reference image is greater than or equal to the set threshold, the printed model is not wrong, the printing work can be continued, whether the model is printed or not needs to be determined, if the model is printed, the task can be finished, if the model is not printed, the printing platform needs to be controlled to return to the printing position for printing, and the process is repeated until the printing is finished. Stopping printing, including stopping printing due to the occurrence of an error, and stopping printing after printing is completed.
In the embodiment of this application, the 3D printer is photocuring 3D printer, and the 3D printer still includes light source, silo, and the silo is used for holding printing material. Wherein controlling printing a layer of the model comprises:
controlling the printing platform to move downwards so that the distance between the printing platform and the bottom of the trough is equal to the thickness of one layer of model; and controlling the light source to illuminate so as to solidify the printing material, and controlling the printing platform to move upwards by a lifting distance z.
And controlling the printing platform to move downwards so that the printing platform enters the trough and is immersed in the printing material, wherein the distance between the printing platform and the bottom of the trough is the thickness of one layer of the model, controlling the light source to illuminate according to a slice file prepared in advance so as to solidify the printing material, and controlling the printing platform to move upwards by a lifting distance z.
The 3D printer is connected with intelligent terminal communication, after generating the alarm signal that is used for promoting user model to print the mistake and stop printing, still includes:
and sending the alarm signal to the intelligent terminal to remind the user that the model is printed wrongly.
The 3D printer also needs to generate an alarm signal and send the alarm signal to the intelligent terminal, so that the intelligent terminal can remind the user of printing errors of the model, and subsequent processing can be carried out.
It will be appreciated that the 3D printer may also be programmed to automatically process the model that failed to print and print a new model again.
Referring to fig. 3, the present application provides an embodiment of a device for detecting a 3D printing model, including:
a first acquisition unit 301 for acquiring image information of a model printed on a printing platform by a plurality of cameras;
a second obtaining unit 302, configured to obtain a first effective image of the model from the image information according to calibration information preset by the camera;
a third acquiring unit 303 configured to acquire a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image;
a similarity unit 304, configured to determine a similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image;
and a generating unit 305, configured to generate an alarm signal for prompting a user model to print an error and stop printing if the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image is smaller than the set threshold.
Wherein, detection device still includes:
and a fifth acquiring unit for acquiring the reference image from the model file.
The generation method of the model file comprises the following steps:
generating an equivalent cylinder according to the model, wherein the equivalent cylinder is tangent to the model; generating a positive D-polygon according to the equivalent cylinder, wherein the positive D-polygon is tangent to the equivalent cylinder, and D is an integer more than or equal to 3; and saving images of the model corresponding to a plurality of vertexes of the positive D-polygon as reference images.
The number of the cameras is D, and the cameras are on the same plane; the plurality of cameras are evenly distributed.
Wherein, detection device still includes:
the control unit is used for controlling the printing platform to move so that the distance between the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the material groove is a preset length h1;
the fourth acquisition unit is used for acquiring a calibration image through the camera, and the calibration image comprises a printing platform and a trough;
and the first determining unit is used for determining the calibration information of the camera according to the preset length h1, the position of the bottom surface of the printing platform in the calibration image and the position of the top end of the trough in the calibration image.
Wherein, detection device still includes:
a second determination unit for determining a height value of the model;
and the starting unit is used for starting the camera if the height value of the model is greater than the set height threshold value and the height of the printed model reaches the preset height threshold value.
The second obtaining unit 302 is specifically configured to:
and acquiring an area corresponding to a calibration image between the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the trough from the image information to serve as a first effective image.
The third obtaining unit 303 may include:
the layer number obtaining module is used for obtaining the printed layer number n of the model;
the platform calibration module is used for determining the platform calibration position of the printing platform according to the number n of printed layers, the thickness d of the printed model on each layer, the height h2 of the trough, the lifting distance z of the printing platform after each layer is printed and the preset length h1;
the material groove calibration module is used for determining the material groove calibration position at the top of the material groove according to the number n of printed layers, the thickness d of each layer of printed model, the height h2 of the material groove and the lifting distance z of the printing platform after each layer is printed;
and the image acquisition module is used for determining a second effective image from the reference image according to the platform calibration position, the trough calibration position, the total layer number t of the model and the resolution w in the height direction of the reference image.
Optionally, the length of the platform calibration position from the bottom of the model is as follows: n + d + z-h1-h2;
the length of the trough calibration position from the bottom of the model is as follows: n x d + z-h2;
the coordinates of the two ends of the second effective image in the height direction in the reference image are respectively as follows:
(n*d+z-h1-h2)*w/(d*t)
(n*d+z-h2)*w/(d*t)。
wherein, detection device still includes:
and the alarm unit is used for sending the alarm signal to the intelligent terminal so as to remind the user of printing errors of the model.
Wherein, detection device still includes:
a third determining unit, configured to determine whether printing of the model is completed if the similarity between the model image and the reference image is greater than or equal to a set threshold;
the printing unit is used for controlling printing of a layer of model if the model is not printed, and repeatedly executing the step of obtaining the image information of the model printed on the printing platform through the plurality of cameras; acquiring a first effective image of the model from image information according to calibration information preset by a camera; acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image; comparing the first effective image with the second effective image; and if the similarity between the model image and the reference image is smaller than a set threshold value, generating an alarm signal for prompting a user that the model is printed wrongly and stopping printing until the model stops printing.
Wherein, the 3D printer still includes light source, silo, and the silo is used for holding printing material, prints the unit, specifically still is used for:
controlling the printing platform to move downwards so that the distance between the printing platform and the bottom of the material groove is equal to the thickness of one layer of the model; and controlling the light source to illuminate so as to solidify the printing material, and controlling the printing platform to move upwards by a lifting distance z.
Referring to fig. 4, the present application provides an electronic device, including:
a processor 401, a memory 402 and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor;
the computer program when executed by a processor realizes the steps of the method for detecting a 3D printing model of any of the preceding embodiments.
The present application provides a computer readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for detecting a 3D printing model of any of the preceding embodiments.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be substantially implemented or contributed to by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application.
The storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.
Claims (10)
1. A detection method of a 3D printing model is applied to a 3D printer, wherein the 3D printer comprises a printing platform and a plurality of cameras, and the detection method comprises the following steps:
acquiring, by a plurality of the cameras, image information of a model printed on the printing platform;
acquiring a first effective image of the model from the image information according to calibration information preset by the camera;
acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from a reference image;
determining the similarity of the first effective image and the second effective image;
and if the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image is smaller than a set threshold, generating an alarm signal for prompting a user model to print errors, and stopping printing.
2. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printer further comprises a hopper; before the obtaining of the first effective image of the model from the image information according to the preset calibration information of the camera, the method further includes:
controlling the printing platform to move so that the distance between the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the material groove is a preset length h1;
acquiring a calibration image through the camera, wherein the calibration image comprises the printing platform and the material tank;
and determining the calibration information of the camera according to the preset length h1, the position of the bottom surface of the printing platform in the calibration image and the position of the top end of the trough in the calibration image.
3. The detection method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining a first effective image of the model from the image information according to preset calibration information of the camera comprises:
and acquiring an area corresponding to a calibration image between the bottom surface of the printing platform and the top end of the trough from the image information to serve as the first effective image.
4. The detection method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image comprises:
acquiring the number n of printed layers of the model;
determining a platform calibration position of the printing platform according to the number n of printed layers, the thickness d of the printed model of each layer, the height h2 of the material groove, the lifting distance z of the printing platform after each layer is printed and the preset length h1;
determining a material groove calibration position at the top of the material groove according to the number n of printed layers, the thickness d of each layer of printed model, the height h2 of the material groove and the lifting distance z of the printing platform after each layer is printed;
and determining a second effective image from the reference image according to the platform calibration position, the trough calibration position, the total layer number t of the model and the resolution w in the height direction of the reference image.
5. The inspection method of claim 4, wherein the length of the platform calibration position from the bottom of the model is: n x d + z-h1-h2;
the length of the material groove calibration position from the bottom of the model is as follows: n x d + z-h2;
the coordinates of the second effective image at two ends of the reference image in the height direction are respectively as follows:
(n + d + z-h1-h 2) w/(d t), and
(n*d+z-h2)*w/(d*t)。
6. the detection method according to claim 1, wherein a model file for printing a model is stored in the 3D printer;
before the obtaining of the second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from the reference image, the detection method further includes:
acquiring a reference image from the model file; the generation method of the model file comprises the following steps:
generating an equivalent cylinder according to the model to be printed, wherein the equivalent cylinder is tangent to the model to be printed;
generating a positive D-polygon according to the equivalent cylinder, wherein the positive D-polygon is tangent to the equivalent cylinder, and D is an integer more than or equal to 3;
saving images of the model to be printed corresponding to a plurality of vertexes of the regular D-polygon as the reference image;
the number of the cameras is D, and the cameras are on the same plane; the plurality of cameras are evenly distributed.
7. The inspection method according to claim 1, wherein before the acquiring image information of the model printed on the printing platform by the plurality of cameras, the inspection method further comprises:
determining a height value of the model;
if the height value of the model is larger than the set height threshold value and the height of the printed model reaches the preset height threshold value, starting the camera;
after determining the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image, the detection method further includes:
if the similarity between the model image and the reference image is larger than or equal to a set threshold value, determining whether the model is printed;
if the model is not printed, controlling to print a layer of model, and then repeatedly executing the step of obtaining the image information of the model printed on the printing platform through the plurality of cameras; acquiring a first effective image of the model from the image information according to calibration information preset by the camera; acquiring a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from a reference image; determining the similarity of the first effective image and the second effective image; if the similarity between the model image and the reference image is smaller than a set threshold value, generating an alarm signal for prompting a user that the model is printed wrongly and stopping printing until the model stops printing;
the 3D printer still includes light source, silo, the silo is used for holding printing material, one deck model is printed in the control, includes:
controlling the printing platform to move downwards so that the distance between the printing platform and the bottom of the trough is equal to the thickness of one layer of model;
controlling the light source to illuminate so as to solidify the printing material, and controlling the printing platform to move upwards by a lifting distance z;
the 3D printer is in communication connection with the intelligent terminal, and after the alarm signal for prompting the user model of printing errors is generated and the printing is stopped, the method further comprises the following steps:
and sending the alarm signal to an intelligent terminal to remind a user of printing errors of the model.
8. A detection device for 3D printing model is characterized by comprising:
a first acquisition unit configured to acquire image information of a model printed on the printing platform by a plurality of the cameras;
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring a first effective image of the model from the image information according to calibration information preset by the camera;
a third acquiring unit, configured to acquire a second effective image corresponding to the first effective image from a reference image;
a similarity unit for determining the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image;
and the generating unit is used for generating an alarm signal for prompting the user model to print errors and stopping printing if the similarity between the first effective image and the second effective image is smaller than a set threshold value.
9. An electronic device, comprising:
a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor;
the computer program, when being executed by a processor, realizes the steps of the detection method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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