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CN114658619A - Gravity energy storage method by using small-bore deep well and ultra-deep well - Google Patents

Gravity energy storage method by using small-bore deep well and ultra-deep well Download PDF

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CN114658619A
CN114658619A CN202210274987.0A CN202210274987A CN114658619A CN 114658619 A CN114658619 A CN 114658619A CN 202210274987 A CN202210274987 A CN 202210274987A CN 114658619 A CN114658619 A CN 114658619A
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well
energy storage
steel ball
steel
lifting rope
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CN114658619B (en
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刘茂宇
汤福彬
李元昭
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Sichuan Salt Geology Drilling Team
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Sichuan Salt Geology Drilling Team
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03GSPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G3/00Other motors, e.g. gravity or inertia motors

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Abstract

The invention discloses a gravity energy storage method by using small-bore deep wells and ultra-deep wells, which relates to the technical field of gravity energy storage of mutual conversion of electric energy and gravitational potential energy and comprises the structural requirements of a well body of an energy storage well, a well body detection method and a qualified standard, a counterweight selection and connection scheme and a ground matched facility equipment arrangement scheme. The invention has the advantages that the response speed of the storage and power generation switching is equivalent to that of a pumped storage power station, the energy storage efficiency can reach more than 80 percent, and the invention is not influenced by geographical conditions and is suitable for various terrains and climatic conditions.

Description

Gravity energy storage method by using small-bore deep well and ultra-deep well
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gravitational energy storage of mutual conversion of electric energy and gravitational potential energy, in particular to a gravitational energy storage method by utilizing small-bore deep wells and ultra-deep wells.
Background
The electric energy storage system stores electric energy through a certain medium and releases the stored energy to generate electricity when needed. The electric energy storage system is an important technical approach for solving the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy sources, and the existing electric energy storage technology comprises pumped storage, compressed air energy storage, electrochemical energy storage and the like.
At present, water pumping and energy storage are the most main power energy storage technology, but the energy density is low, the landforms required by constructing an upper reservoir and a lower reservoir are special, the occupied area is large, and the construction period is long. The compressed air energy storage has high requirements on the tightness of underground salt caverns, harsh construction conditions, long cavity construction time, complex ground heat exchange and storage system structure and low energy storage efficiency. Electrochemical energy storage is limited by battery cost and life, with the highest energy storage cost among the three energy storage schemes.
With the acceleration of the utilization rate of new energy, the demand for energy storage is more urgent, and a plurality of gravity energy storage devices utilizing slopes, mine shafts, ground high towers and the like are developed. Among them, the energy storage density is too low and has no practical value, or the construction cost is too high, the occupied area is huge, and the influence of the environment and the climate is great.
A large number of small-bore deep wells are generated in the processes of petroleum and natural gas exploitation, salt mine and mountain water solution exploitation, geothermal hot spring development and the like through investigation, and the deep wells are generally used as abandoned wells after the resources are exploited, and cement plugs are used for sealing treatment. And reasonably utilizing the abandoned deep wells, a new solution is provided for the field of gravity energy storage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a gravity energy storage method by utilizing small-bore deep wells and ultra-deep wells.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a gravity energy storage method by using a small-bore deep well and an ultra-deep well comprises the following steps:
s1: well bore detection, which is to preliminarily judge the integrity of a shaft of an old abandoned well by combining the production condition of each well, the existence of abnormal phenomena and the like, detect the smoothness, the inner diameter and the length of a metal casing of the shaft by adopting a shaft dredging method, detect the existence of perforation and damage of the shaft and the cementation degree of a cement sheath by adopting a flaw detector, and adopt repair measures such as extruding and sealing cement or adding a lining according to specific conditions.
S2: and determining the specification of a steel ball for counterweight according to the well bore detection result, and calculating the total mass of the steel ball, wherein the steel ball adopts the size of a national standard steel ball, and the diameter of the steel ball is not more than 2/3 times of the inner diameter of the metal sleeve.
S3: the specification of the steel wire lifting rope is determined according to the total mass of the steel balls, the steel balls are provided with penetrating through holes, one part of the steel wire lifting rope is used for penetrating through the steel ball penetrating holes to be connected with the steel balls in series, the other part of the steel wire lifting rope is close to the outer side of the steel balls to serve as a safety rope, and when the steel wire lifting rope for connecting the steel balls in series is broken, the steel ball can be lifted to the ground to be repaired through the steel wire lifting rope serving as the safety rope.
S4: and calculating and determining the length of the string required to be formed by the steel balls according to the characteristics of the minimum diameter of the winding reel, the diameter of the steel ball, safety, convenience in maintenance, the specification of the steel wire rope clamp, the length of the steel wire lifting rope and the like, and simultaneously clamping the steel wire rope on the steel wire lifting rope to fix the steel ball. The steel wire lifting rope comprises a first lifting rope and a second lifting rope, wherein the first lifting rope is connected with the odd-numbered strings of steel balls in series and is used as a safety rope of the even-numbered strings of steel balls; the second lifting rope is connected in series with an even number of steel balls and is used as a safety rope of a base number of steel balls. The steel wire lifting rope used for serially connecting the steel balls is not provided with a joint, and the joint is arranged on the steel wire lifting rope serving as a safety rope and is fixed by a steel wire rope clamp.
S5: and in the energy storage state, the storage and generation control power transformation complete equipment absorbs electric energy from the power grid, and controls the reversible generator motor to drive the winding reel to lift the steel ball from the well.
S6: in the power generation state, the steel ball falls down to drive the winding reel to rotate so as to drive the reversible power generation motor to rotate for power generation, and meanwhile, the power transformation complete equipment is controlled to output electric energy to a power grid through power storage and generation.
S7: the well head is provided with
Figure BDA0003555488800000021
A basin, the
Figure BDA0003555488800000022
The basin is provided with an air exhaust branch pipe and is externally connected with a waste gas treatment device, and an air exhaust pump arranged on the waste gas treatment device is adopted to form negative pressure so that waste gas overflowing from the well is not exhausted to the atmosphere.
The qualified standard of the well bore is as follows:
n1: the energy storage well has long production time, and the well body of the well shaft has no crushing deformation and perforation in the gravity energy storage operation process, and has certain pressure resistance and abrasion resistance so as to meet the service life.
N2: the straight well section of the straight well or the directional inclined well is beneficial to smooth lifting of the steel ball, friction between the steel ball and the pipe wall can be reduced, and energy storage loss is reduced.
The gravity energy storage method is suitable for utilizing the ground calibers of a waste salt well, an oil-gas well, a geological exploration well, a geothermal well and the like to be generally not more than 250mm, the depth is within the range of 1000-3500 m, and meanwhile, the well wall adopts a well body structure supported by a metal sleeve, so that waste well resources are fully utilized.
And when the step S5 is in the energy storage state, the power grid side transmits electric energy to the storage, generation and control power transformation complete equipment through a cable or an overhead line, and the reversible generator motor works in a motor state. The motor speed regulating device controls the operation of the reversible generating motor, the reversible generating motor drives the winding reel to rotate, the winding reel withdraws the steel wire lifting rope, and simultaneously drives the steel balls connected in series on the steel wire lifting rope to lift from the well, and the electric energy is converted into gravitational potential energy of the steel balls to be stored.
When the step S6 is in a power generation state, the reversible power generation motor works in a power generator state, the steel ball on the steel wire lifting rope falls into the well due to the action of gravity, the steel wire lifting rope is driven at the same time, the steel wire lifting rope drives the winding reel to rotate, the winding reel drives the reversible power generation motor to rotate to start power generation, and the power generation grid-connected device sends the power generated by the reversible power generation motor to a power grid in a controlled inversion mode.
Three conditions are required for the power generation grid-connected device to be merged into a power grid:
1. the frequency is the same as the system frequency.
2. The outlet voltage is the same as the system voltage after passing through the transformer, and the maximum error of the outlet voltage is within 5 percent.
3. The phase sequence is the same as the system phase sequence after passing through the transformer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the storage and power generation switching response speed of the invention is equivalent to that of a pumped storage power station, the energy storage efficiency reaches more than 80%, the invention is not limited by terrain and climate conditions, and the built gravity energy storage power generation device has smaller floor area, can be built in a load center to reduce the power transmission loss, can be matched and built below a photovoltaic power station and a wind power station to reduce the fluctuation of new energy power generation, has equivalent service life to power generation equipment, and can be synchronously built and retired.
2. When waste salt wells, oil and gas wells, geological exploration wells, geothermal wells and the like are used for storing energy, photovoltaic and wind power stations can be configured on the ground and combined with the raw mines to form a source network loading and storage integrated system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in a ready-to-generate state after energy storage;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in preparation for an energy storage state after power generation is completed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a chain formed by connecting steel balls and steel wire lifting ropes;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a steel ball according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the breaking and repairing of the wire rope of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-steel wire lifting rope, 3-steel ball, 4-winding reel, 5-reversible generator motor, 6-
Figure BDA0003555488800000031
The device comprises a basin, 7-a steel wire rope clamp, 8-a through hole, 9-a first lifting rope and 10-a second lifting rope.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a gravity energy storage method using a small-bore deep well or an ultra-deep well includes the following steps:
s1: well bore detection, which is to preliminarily judge the integrity of a shaft of an old abandoned well by combining the production condition of each well, the existence of abnormal phenomena and the like, detect the smoothness, the inner diameter and the length of a metal casing of the shaft by adopting a shaft dredging method, detect the existence of perforation and damage of the shaft and the cementation degree of a cement sheath by adopting a flaw detector, and adopt repair measures such as extruding and sealing cement or adding a lining according to specific conditions.
S2: and determining the specification of the steel ball 3 for counterweight according to the well bore detection result, and calculating the total mass of the steel ball 3, wherein the steel ball 3 adopts the national standard steel ball size, and the diameter of the steel ball 3 is not more than 2/3 times of the inner diameter of the metal sleeve.
S3: the specification of the steel wire lifting rope 1 is determined according to the total mass of the steel balls 3, the steel balls 3 are provided with penetrating through holes 8, one section of the steel wire lifting rope 1 is used for being connected with the steel balls 3 in series, and the other section of the steel wire lifting rope is close to the outer side of the steel balls 3 and serves as a safety rope. When the steel wire lifting rope 1 of the steel ball 3 in series breaks, the steel ball 3 in series is lifted to the ground by the safety rope on the outer side for repair, the broken steel wire lifting rope 1 serves as the safety rope after being repaired, and the steel wire lifting rope 1 which is not broken and serves as the safety rope on the outer side of the steel ball 3 originally passes through the through hole 8 of the steel ball 3 to replace the position and the action of the steel wire lifting rope 1 of the steel ball in series.
S4: the length of the string which is required to be formed by the steel balls is calculated and determined according to the characteristics of the minimum diameter of the winding reel 4, the diameter of the steel ball 3, safety, convenience in maintenance, the specification of the steel wire rope clamp 7, the length of the steel wire lifting rope 1 and the like, and meanwhile, the steel wire rope is clamped on the steel wire lifting rope to fix the steel balls. The steel wire lifting rope 1 comprises a first lifting rope 9 and a second lifting rope 10, wherein the first lifting rope 9 is connected with the odd-numbered strings of steel balls 3 in series and is used as a safety rope of the even-numbered strings of steel balls 3; the second lifting rope 10 is connected in series with an even number of steel balls 3 and is used as a safety rope of the base number of steel balls 3. The steel wire lifting rope 1 used for serially connecting the steel balls 3 should not be provided with a joint, and the joint is arranged on the steel wire lifting rope 1 serving as a safety rope and is fixed by a steel wire rope clamp 7.
S5: when the step is in the energy storage state, the power grid side transmits electric energy to the complete equipment for power storage, generation and control transformation through a cable or an overhead line, and the reversible power generation motor works in the motor state. The motor speed regulating device controls the operation of the reversible generating motor, the reversible generating motor drives the winding reel to rotate, the winding reel withdraws the steel wire lifting rope, and simultaneously drives the steel balls connected in series on the steel wire lifting rope to lift from the well, and the electric energy is converted into gravitational potential energy of the steel balls to be stored.
S6: when the step is in a power generation state, the reversible power generation motor works in a power generator state, the steel ball on the steel wire lifting rope falls into the well under the action of gravity, the steel wire lifting rope is driven at the same time, the steel wire lifting rope drives the winding reel to rotate, the winding reel drives the reversible power generation motor to rotate to start power generation, and the power generation grid-connected device sends power generated by the reversible power generation motor to a power grid in a controlled inversion mode.
S7: in the steps, the well head is provided with
Figure BDA0003555488800000041
The number of the basins (6),
Figure BDA0003555488800000042
the basin 6 is provided with an air exhaust branch pipe and is externally connected with a waste gas treatment device, and an air exhaust pump arranged by the waste gas treatment device forms negative pressure so that waste gas overflowing from the well is not discharged to the atmosphere.
S1 includes the steps of:
m1: the integrity of the shaft of the old abandoned well needs to be preliminarily judged by combining the production conditions of all wells, the existence of abnormal phenomena and the like.
M2: and (4) checking the smoothness and the inner diameter of the well bore by a well dredging means.
M3: and detecting whether the shaft is perforated or not, detecting the damage and the cementing degree of the cement sheath by using a flaw detector, and taking repairing measures according to specific conditions.
The qualified standards of the well bore are as follows:
n1: the energy storage well has long production time, and the well body of the well shaft has no crushing deformation and perforation in the gravity energy storage operation process, and has certain pressure resistance and abrasion resistance so as to meet the service life.
N2: the straight well section of the straight well or the directional inclined well is beneficial to smooth lifting of the steel ball 3, and can reduce friction with the pipe wall and reduce energy storage loss.
The gravity energy storage method is suitable for a well body structure which utilizes ground calibers of waste salt wells, oil and gas wells, geological exploration wells, geothermal wells and the like to be generally not more than 250mm and has a depth of 1000-3500 m, and the well wall is supported by small-caliber metal sleeves with the diameter phi of 139.7mm, 177.8mm, 244.5mm and the like. The gravity energy storage power station is built on the spot by utilizing the existing abandoned well meeting the requirements, or the special energy storage well is constructed in batches by adopting an oil rig in the project range of energy storage needing to be built, and the well deviation and the track are controlled by adopting an accurate positioning scheme during construction.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to other embodiments, and to various other combinations, modifications, and environments and may be modified within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, by the teachings or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A gravity energy storage method by using small-bore deep wells and ultra-deep wells is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: detecting a well body;
s2: determining the specification of the steel ball (3) for balancing weight according to the well body detection result, and calculating the total mass of the steel ball (3);
s3: determining the specification of the steel wire lifting rope (1) according to the total mass of the steel ball (3), wherein the steel ball (3) is provided with a through hole (8);
s4: calculating and determining the length of the steel balls (3) which need to form a string according to the minimum diameter of the winding reel (4), the diameter of the steel ball (3), safety and convenience in maintenance, the specification of the steel wire rope clamp (7) and the length of the steel wire lifting rope (1), and fixing the steel ball (3) on the steel wire lifting rope (1) by adopting the steel wire rope clamp (7);
s5: when the energy storage state is achieved, the storage and generation control power transformation complete equipment absorbs electric energy from a power grid, and controls the reversible power generation motor (5) to drive the winding reel (4) to lift the steel ball (3) from the well;
s6: in a power generation state, the steel ball (3) falls down to drive the winding reel (4) to rotate so as to drive the reversible power generation motor (5) to rotate for power generation, and meanwhile, the power transformation complete equipment is controlled to output electric energy to a power grid through power storage and generation;
s7: and introducing the waste gas overflowing from the well to a waste gas treatment device.
2. The gravity energy storage method by using the small-bore deep well and the ultra-deep well as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the S1 includes the steps of:
m1: the integrity of the shaft is preliminarily judged for the old abandoned well by combining the production conditions of all wells and the abnormal phenomena;
m2: the smoothness, the inner diameter and the length of the metal casing pipe of the shaft are detected by adopting a shaft dredging method;
m3: and (4) detecting whether the shaft is perforated or not, detecting the damage and the cementing degree of the cement sheath by using a flaw detector, and taking repairing measures according to specific conditions.
3. The gravity energy storage method by using the small-bore deep well and the ultra-deep well as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the qualified standard of the well bore is as follows:
n1: the energy storage well has long production time, and a shaft body of the well has no crushing deformation and perforation in the gravity energy storage operation process, and has certain pressure resistance and abrasion resistance so as to meet the service life;
n2: the straight well section of the straight well or the directional inclined well is beneficial to smooth lifting of the steel ball (3), and can reduce friction with the pipe wall and energy storage loss.
4. The method for storing energy by gravity of a small-bore deep well or an ultra-deep well according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, the steel ball (3) adopts the size of a steel ball of national standard, and the diameter of the steel ball (3) is not more than 2/3 times of the inner diameter of the metal sleeve.
5. The gravity energy storage method by using the small-bore deep well and the ultra-deep well as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the steel wire lifting rope (1) includes a first lifting rope (9) and a second lifting rope (10), and the first lifting rope (9) is connected in series with the odd-numbered strings of steel balls (3) and is used as a safety rope for the even-numbered strings of steel balls (3); the second lifting rope (10) is connected with an even number of steel balls (3) in series and is used as a safety rope of the base number of steel balls (3). The joint is arranged on a steel wire lifting rope (1) serving as a safety rope and is fixed by a steel wire rope clamp (7).
6. The gravity energy storage method by using the small-bore deep well and the ultra-deep well as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the steps S5 and S6, the complete storage-power-control-transformation equipment includes a power switching device, a transformer, a power-generation grid-connection device, and a motor speed-regulating device.
7. The gravity energy storage method by using the small-bore deep well and the ultra-deep well as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S7, the wellhead is provided with
Figure FDA0003555488790000021
A basin (6), the
Figure FDA0003555488790000022
The basin (6) is provided with an air exhaust branch pipe and is externally connected with a waste gas treatment device, and an air exhaust pump arranged on the waste gas treatment device is adopted to form negative pressure so that waste gas overflowing from the well is not exhausted to the atmosphere.
CN202210274987.0A 2022-03-21 2022-03-21 Gravity energy storage method utilizing small-caliber deep well and ultra-deep well Active CN114658619B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11955782B1 (en) 2022-11-01 2024-04-09 Typhon Technology Solutions (U.S.), Llc System and method for fracturing of underground formations using electric grid power

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JPH06147097A (en) * 1992-11-09 1994-05-27 Yoneda Seisakusho:Yugen Gravity applied generating set
JPH11294315A (en) * 1998-04-09 1999-10-26 Noboru Sugiyama Electric power station
US20110241356A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 University Of Southern California Spaced-apart cable modules in wellbore energy storage and retrieval
CN202017586U (en) * 2011-04-08 2011-10-26 李树森 Ball chain gravity machine
FR2985789A1 (en) * 2012-01-18 2013-07-19 Daniel Chazot Mechanical storage device for storing potential energy of gravity, has stock of string stored at higher altitude, where end of string is located at lower altitude, and energy produced is related to weight of string between altitudes
JP2015137645A (en) * 2014-01-22 2015-07-30 白井 正雄 gravity power generation system
WO2018134620A2 (en) * 2017-01-20 2018-07-26 Gravitricity Limited Apparatus and method for electrical energy storage based on the potential energy of a vertically moving massive weight
CN111048220A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-21 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Disc type fast shutdown system
CN114151296A (en) * 2021-12-20 2022-03-08 中国科学院电工研究所 Gravity energy storage system based on efficient lifting and transferring of multiple objects

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06147097A (en) * 1992-11-09 1994-05-27 Yoneda Seisakusho:Yugen Gravity applied generating set
JPH11294315A (en) * 1998-04-09 1999-10-26 Noboru Sugiyama Electric power station
US20110241356A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 University Of Southern California Spaced-apart cable modules in wellbore energy storage and retrieval
CN202017586U (en) * 2011-04-08 2011-10-26 李树森 Ball chain gravity machine
FR2985789A1 (en) * 2012-01-18 2013-07-19 Daniel Chazot Mechanical storage device for storing potential energy of gravity, has stock of string stored at higher altitude, where end of string is located at lower altitude, and energy produced is related to weight of string between altitudes
JP2015137645A (en) * 2014-01-22 2015-07-30 白井 正雄 gravity power generation system
WO2018134620A2 (en) * 2017-01-20 2018-07-26 Gravitricity Limited Apparatus and method for electrical energy storage based on the potential energy of a vertically moving massive weight
CN111048220A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-21 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Disc type fast shutdown system
CN114151296A (en) * 2021-12-20 2022-03-08 中国科学院电工研究所 Gravity energy storage system based on efficient lifting and transferring of multiple objects

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11955782B1 (en) 2022-11-01 2024-04-09 Typhon Technology Solutions (U.S.), Llc System and method for fracturing of underground formations using electric grid power

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