CN114639949B - Circularly polarized antenna - Google Patents
Circularly polarized antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114639949B CN114639949B CN202210453471.2A CN202210453471A CN114639949B CN 114639949 B CN114639949 B CN 114639949B CN 202210453471 A CN202210453471 A CN 202210453471A CN 114639949 B CN114639949 B CN 114639949B
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a circularly polarized antenna. Comprising the following steps: a feed balun, a feed circuit board and an antenna radiator; the antenna radiator comprises N radiating parts, wherein the N radiating parts are arranged around the periphery of the feed balun by taking the feed balun as a center; wherein N is more than or equal to 4; any one of the N radiation parts comprisesA vertical portion perpendicular to the feeding circuit board, and an inclined portion facing the feeding balun so that the N radiation portions surround the feeding balun in a gathered manner; the inclined portion is a main radiating portion of the radiating portions. The vertical part vertical to the feed circuit board is arranged, so that energy can be radiated to the low elevation angle direction of the antenna, and the low elevation angle gain of the antenna is improved. The balance of the peak gain and the low elevation gain is achieved, the wave beam of the antenna is widened, the radiation range of the antenna is close to a hemispherical shape, and the communication requirement is met. The whole structure is simple, and engineering realization is easier.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a circularly polarized antenna.
Background
With the development of communication technology, the requirements for antennas are also increasing. The circularly polarized antenna has good anti-interference performance, so that the circularly polarized antenna is widely applied to various industries. When the paratrooper communicates with the ground station, in order to better track the movement track of the paratrooper, the antenna is required to have higher peak gain and higher low elevation gain, and the peak gain and the low elevation gain are required to be balanced.
However, the existing circularly polarized antenna cannot achieve balance between the peak gain and the low elevation gain, and often the peak gain is too high, so that the wave beam of the antenna is narrower, and the communication requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a circularly polarized antenna which is used for realizing wide beams.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a circularly polarized antenna, including: a feed balun, a feed circuit board and an antenna radiator;
the antenna radiator comprises N radiating parts, wherein the N radiating parts are arranged around the periphery of the feed balun by taking the feed balun as a center; wherein N is more than or equal to 4;
the feed balun is electrically connected with the feed circuit board; the feed balun is used for transmitting the downlink frequency point signals received by the antenna radiator to the feed circuit board; the antenna radiator is also used for transmitting the uplink frequency point signals sent by the feed circuit board to the antenna radiator;
any one of the N radiation parts comprisesA vertical portion perpendicular to the feeding circuit board and an inclined portion facing the feeding balun such that the N radiation portions surround the feeding balun in a gathered manner; the inclined portion is a main radiating portion of the radiating portions.
The inclined portion radiates energy to the top of the antenna and also radiates energy to the horizontal direction of the antenna, so that the inclined portion is a main radiator of the antenna and plays a role in determining the radiation range of the antenna. Some of the energy radiated from the inclined portion is radiated to the feed circuit board of the antenna, and the energy reflected by the feed circuit board and radiated to the top of the antenna are combined into one, so that the peak gain of the antenna is improved, and the antenna becomes a directional antenna in the vertical direction. Meanwhile, the vertical part vertical to the feed circuit board is arranged, so that energy can be radiated to the low elevation direction of the antenna, and the low elevation gain of the antenna is improved. Because the energy of radiation is invariable, setting up the vertical part can reach the equilibrium of summit gain and low elevation gain through suitably weakening the summit gain, has widened the wave beam of antenna, makes the radiation scope of antenna approach hemisphere, satisfies the communication requirement more. The vertical part and the inclined part are matched in a cooperative manner, so that the low elevation gain of the antenna is effectively improved, and the broadening of the wave beam is realized. The whole structure is simple, and engineering realization is easier.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and a cylindrical metal cavity surrounding the antenna radiator and the feed circuit board.
And the peak gain is improved, and the balance of the peak gain and the low elevation gain is realized.
Optionally, the method further comprises: a metal base plate;
the feed circuit board is arranged in the central area of the metal bottom plate;
the periphery of the metal bottom plate is connected with the metal cavity.
The added metal bottom plate can reflect the energy radiated downwards by the antenna radiator to the top of the antenna together with the feed circuit board, so that the reflection efficiency is improved, and the peak gain is improved. Meanwhile, the periphery of the metal bottom plate is connected with the metal cavity, so that the surrounding effect of the metal cavity is improved, the peak gain is further improved, and the balance of the peak gain and the low elevation gain is realized.
Optionally, any radiating portion further comprises a horizontal portion connected to the inclined portion; the horizontal part is parallel to the feed circuit board and is connected with the feed balun.
The vertex gain can be improved, and meanwhile, after the horizontal structure is connected with the inclined part, the horizontal structure is convenient to be welded with the feed balun relative to the inclined structure.
Optionally, the feed balun comprises a first coupling feed structure and a second coupling feed structure; the first coupling feed structure is connected with the feed circuit board; the second coupling feed structure is connected with the horizontal part of each radiating part; the distance between the first coupling feed structure and the second coupling feed structure meets a preset threshold.
The frequency point signals between the feed circuit board and the antenna radiator are transmitted in a coupling feed mode, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively widened.
Optionally, the first coupling feed structure comprises N/2A first metal sheet; the N/2 first metal sheets are orthogonally arranged, and the intersection point is the center of each first metal sheet;
the second coupling feed structure comprises N second metal sheets, each second metal sheet is arranged opposite to each first metal sheet, and the distance between any second metal sheet and the opposite first metal sheet meets the preset threshold; each second metal sheet is connected with the horizontal part of each radiation part.
The frequency point signal transmission between the feed circuit board and the antenna radiator is realized in a coupling feed mode, and the bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively widened.
Optionally, the feed circuit board comprises a feed balun connection point, a matching circuit, a 3dB bridge and a connection point of a radio frequency coaxial connector;
the feed balun connection point is used for being connected with the feed balun;
the matching circuit is used for matching the impedance of the antenna radiator according to the impedance of the radio frequency coaxial connector;
the 3dB bridge is used for 90-degree phase shifting to realize circular polarization;
the connection point of the radio frequency coaxial connector is used for being connected with the radio frequency coaxial connector.
Therefore, the connection of the radio frequency coaxial connector and the feed balun is realized, and the transmission of frequency point signals between the radio frequency coaxial connector and the antenna radiator is realized in a coupling feed mode.
Optionally, the vertical portion is rectangular; the inclined part is trapezoidal.
Alternatively, n=4;
the side length of the side, where the vertical part is connected with the inclined part, is 115mm; the side length of the side of the inclined part connected with the vertical part is 115mm.
Experiments prove that when n=4 and the width of the vertical part is 115mm and the bottom of the inclined part connected with the vertical part is 115mm, the balance of peak gain and low elevation gain can be achieved, the wave beam of the antenna is widened, and the radiation range of the antenna is approximate to a hemispherical shape.
Optionally, the inclination angle formed by the inclination part and the plane of the feed circuit board is 15 degrees.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a possible circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a possible circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a possible feeder circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of one possible feed balun provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a possible circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a standing wave curve of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a two-dimensional direction diagram of a pitching plane of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a two-dimensional direction diagram of azimuth plane when the elevation angle of the circularly polarized antenna is 0 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For purposes of clarity, embodiments and advantages of the present application, the following description will make clear and complete the exemplary embodiments of the present application, with reference to the accompanying drawings in the exemplary embodiments of the present application, it being apparent that the exemplary embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the examples of the present application.
Based on the exemplary embodiments described herein, all other embodiments that may be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort are within the scope of the claims appended hereto. Furthermore, while the disclosure is presented in the context of an exemplary embodiment or embodiments, it should be appreciated that the various aspects of the disclosure may, separately, comprise a complete embodiment.
It should be noted that the brief description of the terms in the present application is only for convenience in understanding the embodiments described below, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application. Unless otherwise indicated, these terms should be construed in their ordinary and customary meaning.
The terms first, second, third and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above-described figures are used for distinguishing between similar or similar objects or entities and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order, unless otherwise indicated (Unless otherwise indicated). It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.
Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements expressly listed, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such product or apparatus.
The embodiment of the invention provides a circularly polarized antenna, which comprises: a feed balun, a feed circuit board and an antenna radiator; the antenna radiator comprises N radiating parts, wherein the N radiating parts are arranged around the periphery of the feed balun by taking the feed balun as a center; wherein N is more than or equal to 4; the feed balun and the feed balunThe feed circuit board is electrically connected; the feed balun is used for transmitting the downlink frequency point signals received by the antenna radiator to the feed circuit board; the antenna radiator is also used for transmitting the uplink frequency point signals sent by the feed circuit board to the antenna radiator; any one of the N radiation parts comprisesA vertical portion perpendicular to the feeding circuit board and an inclined portion facing the feeding balun such that the N radiation portions surround the feeding balun in a gathered manner; the inclined portion is a main radiating portion of the radiating portions.
The number of radiation portions may be plural, for example, 4, 6, 8, or the like. The above is merely an example, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited in this respect.
The shape of the vertical portion and the shape of the inclined portion are not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, for example: the vertical part can be rectangular, trapezoidal, rhombic and other polygons; the inclined portion may be rectangular, trapezoidal, diamond-shaped or other polygonal shape.
The embodiment of the invention does not limit the size of the vertical part and the size of the inclined part.
The embodiment of the invention does not limit the inclination angle formed by the inclined part and the plane where the feed circuit board is positioned.
The inclined portion radiates energy to the top of the antenna and also radiates energy to the horizontal direction of the antenna, so that the inclined portion is a main radiator of the antenna and plays a role in determining the radiation range of the antenna. Some of the energy radiated from the inclined portion is radiated to the feed circuit board of the antenna, and the energy reflected by the feed circuit board and radiated to the top of the antenna are combined into one, so that the peak gain of the antenna is improved, and the antenna becomes a directional antenna in the vertical direction. Meanwhile, the vertical part vertical to the feed circuit board is arranged, so that energy can be radiated to the low elevation direction of the antenna, and the low elevation gain of the antenna is improved. Because the energy of radiation is invariable, setting up the vertical part can reach the equilibrium of summit gain and low elevation gain through suitably weakening the summit gain, has widened the wave beam of antenna, makes the radiation scope of antenna approach hemisphere, satisfies the communication requirement more. The vertical part and the inclined part are matched in a cooperative manner, so that the low elevation gain of the antenna is effectively improved, and the broadening of the wave beam is realized. The whole structure is simple, and engineering realization is easier.
Fig. 1 shows a possible circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: the antenna comprises a feed balun 2, a feed circuit board 1 and an antenna radiator, wherein the antenna radiator comprises 4 radiating parts, and each radiating part comprises a vertical part 3 and an inclined part 4.
Fig. 1 shows 4 radiation portions, and the number of actual radiation portions is not limited to 4, and may be 6, 8, or the like. If 8 radiating portions are provided, 4 of the radiating portions are provided at the positions shown in fig. 1, and the other 4 radiating portions are provided around the antenna, symmetrically distributed around the antenna. The above is merely an example, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited in this respect.
Fig. 1 shows one possible configuration of the feed balun 2, and in practice the configuration of the feed balun 2 may take other forms, as long as the same effect is achieved. The embodiment of the invention does not limit the specific structure of the feed balun 2.
In one possible embodiment, n=4, and the edge of the vertical portion 3 connecting with the inclined portion 4 has a length of 115mm; the side length of the side of the inclined portion 4 connected to the vertical portion 3 is 115mm. Experiments prove that when n=4 and the width of the vertical portion 3 is 115mm and the bottom of the inclined portion 4 connected with the vertical portion 3 is 115mm, the balance of the peak gain and the low elevation gain can be achieved, the wave beam of the antenna is widened, and the radiation range of the antenna is more approximate to a hemispherical shape.
In one possible embodiment, the vertical portion 3 is rectangular; the inclined portion 4 is trapezoidal.
In one possible embodiment, the inclination angle of the inclination portion 4 is 15 ° to the plane of the feeder circuit board 1.
One possible embodiment, any radiating portion of the circularly polarized antenna further comprises a horizontal portion connected to the inclined portion 4; the horizontal part is parallel to the feed circuit board and is connected with the feed balun.
Fig. 2 shows a possible circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: the antenna comprises a feed balun 2, a feed circuit board 1 and an antenna radiator, wherein the antenna radiator comprises 4 radiating parts, and each radiating part comprises a vertical part 3, an inclined part 4 and a horizontal part 5. The setting of horizontal part can promote the summit gain, simultaneously, is connected with tilting part 4 back, and the horizontal structure is convenient for tilting structure with feed balun 2 welding.
A possible embodiment of the circularly polarized antenna further comprises a cylindrical metal cavity surrounding the antenna radiator and the feed circuit board 1. And metal cavities are arranged around the antenna radiator and the feed circuit board 1 to promote peak gain, so that the balance of the peak gain and the low elevation gain is realized.
In one possible embodiment, the circularly polarized antenna further includes a metal chassis, where the metal chassis and the feed circuit board 1 are stacked, and the feed circuit board 1 is disposed in a central area of the metal chassis. The periphery of the metal bottom plate is connected with the metal cavity.
The metal base plate is made of a metal material, for example, an aluminum alloy material can be used. The added metal bottom plate can reflect the energy radiated downwards by the antenna radiator to the top of the antenna together with the feed circuit board 1, so that the reflection efficiency is improved, and the peak gain is improved. Meanwhile, the periphery of the metal bottom plate is connected with the metal cavity, so that the surrounding effect of the metal cavity is improved, the peak gain is further improved, and the balance of the peak gain and the low elevation gain is realized.
In one possible embodiment, the circularly polarized antenna further comprises a radio frequency coaxial connector, and an inner core of the radio frequency coaxial connector is mounted on the feed circuit board 1; the outer conductor of the radio frequency coaxial connector is mounted on a metal base plate. The rf coaxial connector is the total input/output port of the antenna. After the radio frequency coaxial connector receives an uplink frequency point signal to be transmitted through the radio frequency module, the uplink frequency point signal is transmitted to the feed balun 2 through the feed circuit board 1, the feed balun 2 transmits the uplink frequency point signal to the antenna radiator, and the antenna radiator radiates the uplink frequency point signal outwards in an energy form after receiving the uplink frequency point signal. When the antenna radiator receives a downlink frequency point signal in the space, the downlink frequency point signal is transmitted to the feed balun 2, the feed balun 2 transmits the downlink frequency point signal to the feed circuit board 1, the feed circuit board 1 transmits the downlink frequency point signal to the radio frequency coaxial connector, and therefore the radio frequency coaxial connector can transmit the received downlink frequency point signal to the radio frequency module, and the radio frequency module analyzes and processes the downlink frequency point signal.
In one possible embodiment, the feeding circuit board 1 is formed by polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber cloth copper-clad plate, and fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of one possible feeding circuit board 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention, including a feeding balun 2 connection point, a matching circuit, a 3dB bridge, a radio frequency coaxial connector connection point and a matching resistor; wherein the connection point of the feed balun 2 is denoted by the reference numeral 9, and the connection point of the radio frequency coaxial connector is denoted by the reference numeral 2.
The feed balun 2 connection point is used for being connected with the feed balun 2; the matching circuit is used for matching the impedance of the antenna radiator according to the impedance of the radio frequency coaxial connector; the 3dB bridge is used for 90-degree phase shifting to realize circular polarization; the connection point of the radio frequency coaxial connector is used for being connected with the radio frequency coaxial connector; the matching resistance is the port matching of the 3dB bridge. Therefore, the connection of the radio frequency coaxial connector and the feed balun 2 is realized, and the transmission of frequency point signals between the radio frequency coaxial connector and the antenna radiator is realized in a coupling feed mode.
A possible embodiment, the feed balun 2 comprises a first coupling feed structure and a second coupling feed structure. Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of one possible feed balun 2 provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the feed balun 2 comprising a first coupling feed structure 6 and a second coupling feed structure 7.
The first coupling feed structure 6 comprises 2A first metal sheet; the 2 first metal sheets are orthogonally arranged, and the intersection point is the center of each first metal sheet; the second coupling feed structure 7 comprises 4 second metal sheets, each second metal sheet is arranged opposite to each first metal sheet, and the distance between any second metal sheet and the opposite first metal sheet meets a preset threshold; each second metal sheetAre respectively connected with the horizontal parts.
The first metal sheet may be integrally formed, or 1 horizontal metal sheet may be connected to 2 vertical metal sheets, so as to form the first metal sheet.
The material of the metal sheet may be various metals, such as copper, aluminum, etc. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited in this regard.
The bottom of the first metal sheet is connected with a feed balun 2 connection point of the feed circuit board 1, so that the feed circuit board 1 can transmit an uplink frequency point signal to the feed balun 2, and the feed balun 2 can also transmit a downlink frequency point signal to the feed circuit board 1.
The top of the first metal sheet is suspended and kept at a certain distance from the second metal sheet, and the distance meets a preset threshold, for example, 2mm.
The second metal sheet is connected with the horizontal part, and the whole shape is rectangular, so that the first metal sheet can realize the transmission of signals between the feed balun 2 and the antenna radiator in a coupling feed mode.
The bottom end of the second metal sheet is also connected to the feeder circuit board 1, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
The frequency point signals between the feed circuit board 1 and the antenna radiator are transmitted in a coupling feed mode, so that the bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively widened.
In one possible embodiment, the circularly polarized antenna further comprises an antenna housing, and the antenna housing is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic material and has a protective effect.
Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a metal chassis 8, a feed circuit board 1, a radio frequency coaxial connector 9, a metal cavity 10, a vertical portion 3, an inclined portion 4, a horizontal portion 5, a radome 11 and a feed balun 2. The vertical portion 3, the inclined portion 4, and the horizontal portion 5 constitute any radiating portion of the antenna radiator. The embodiment of the invention is described by taking 4 radiation parts as an example.
The metal base plate 8 is laminated with the power feeding circuit board 1, and the power feeding circuit board 1 is provided in a central region of the metal base plate 8. The metal base plate 8 is made of a metal material, for example, an aluminum alloy material.
The inner core of the radio frequency coaxial connector 9 is arranged on the feed circuit board 1; the outer conductor of the radio frequency coaxial connector 9 is mounted on a metal chassis 8. The rf coaxial connector 9 is the total input/output port of the antenna. After the radio frequency coaxial connector 9 receives an uplink frequency point signal to be transmitted through the radio frequency module, the uplink frequency point signal is transmitted to the feed balun 2 through the feed circuit board 1, the feed balun 2 transmits the uplink frequency point signal to the antenna radiator, and the antenna radiator radiates the uplink frequency point signal outwards in an energy form after receiving the uplink frequency point signal. When the antenna radiator receives a downlink frequency point signal in the space, the downlink frequency point signal is transmitted to the feed balun 2, the feed balun 2 transmits the downlink frequency point signal to the feed circuit board 1, the feed circuit board 1 transmits the downlink frequency point signal to the radio frequency coaxial connector 9, and therefore the radio frequency coaxial connector 9 can transmit the received downlink frequency point signal to the radio frequency module, and the radio frequency module analyzes and processes the downlink frequency point signal.
When the antenna radiator radiates energy outwards, a part of energy radiates to the top of the antenna, a part of energy radiates to the bottom of the antenna, the energy radiated to the bottom of the antenna is reflected by the feed circuit board 1 and/or the metal bottom plate 8, and the reflected energy and the energy radiated to the top of the antenna are combined into a whole, so that the peak gain of the antenna is improved, and the antenna forms directional radiation.
The antenna radiator includes 4 radiating parts, and every radiating part includes perpendicular portion 3, tilting portion 4 and horizontal portion 5, and perpendicular portion 3 perpendicular to bottom plate keeps certain distance with the bottom plate, and perpendicular portion 3 is used for radiating energy to the horizontal direction, promotes the horizontal gain of antenna. The inclined part 4 serves as a main radiating part, and can radiate energy to the top of the antenna and radiate energy to the horizontal direction of the antenna, the energy radiated to the bottom of the antenna is reflected by the feed circuit board 1 and the metal bottom plate 8, and the reflected energy radiates to the top of the antenna, so that the vertex gain and the horizontal gain are improved simultaneously. The horizontal portion 5 is used to radiate energy to the top of the antenna, increasing the zenith gain. Meanwhile, the horizontal portion 5 is more easily welded to the second metal sheet than the inclined portion 4 due to the horizontal.
Each radiation part can be integrally formed, or 1 horizontal part 5, 1 inclined part 4 and 1 vertical part 3 can be respectively manufactured and then connected, so that one radiation part is formed.
The vertical part 3 is formed by an epoxy glass fiber cloth substrate FR4 board with copper coated on one side, and the whole shape is rectangular and symmetrically distributed in four directions of the antenna. The inclined portion 4 is formed by an FR4 board with copper covered on one side, the whole shape is trapezoid, the inclined portion is symmetrically distributed in four directions of the antenna, the inclined portion is a main radiator of the antenna, the horizontal portion 5 which determines the radiation pattern of the antenna is formed by an FR4 board with copper covered on one side, the whole shape is rectangle, and the inclined portion is symmetrically distributed in four directions of the antenna.
The vertical part 3 is rectangular and has a size of 115×120; the inclined part 4 is trapezoid, and the size is (10+115) 94.25/2; it can be seen that the sides of the vertical portion 3 and the inclined portion 4 which are in contact are 115mm in length, so that the radiation range can be made more approximate to a hemispherical shape.
The metal cavity 10 is made of a metal material, such as an aluminum alloy material, and has a cylindrical shape, the bottom of which is connected to the bottom plate, surrounding the antenna radiator and the feed circuit board 1, and functions in the antenna to raise the antenna peak gain.
Taking a circularly polarized antenna with the frequency band ranging from 520MHz to 680MHz manufactured by the method as an example for testing, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a standing wave graph of the antenna, wherein the voltage standing wave ratio is less than or equal to 2.2. The absolute bandwidth is 160MHz and the relative bandwidth is 26.6%. The bandwidth requirement of the circularly polarized antenna is met. The voltage standing wave ratio reflects the matching degree of the radio frequency coaxial connector 9 and the antenna, the impedance of the radio frequency coaxial connector 9 provided by the embodiment of the invention is 50 ohms, and the impedance of the circularly polarized antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention is matched with the impedance of the radio frequency coaxial connector 9, so that the energy loss is smaller.
Fig. 7 is a two-dimensional direction diagram of a pitching plane of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. The 3dB wave beam width of the depression face two-dimensional directional diagram is 217 degrees, and the communication requirement of the paratroopers is completely met.
Fig. 8 is a two-dimensional direction diagram of azimuth plane when the elevation angle of the circularly polarized antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention is 0. It can be seen that a 360 coverage in the horizontal direction is possible, which has good out-of-roundness and gain.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present application is intended to cover such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. A circularly polarized antenna, comprising: a feed balun, a feed circuit board and an antenna radiator;
the antenna radiator comprises N radiating parts, wherein the N radiating parts are arranged around the periphery of the feed balun by taking the feed balun as a center; wherein N is more than or equal to 4;
the feed balun is electrically connected with the feed circuit board; the feed balun is used for transmitting the downlink frequency point signals received by the antenna radiator to the feed circuit board; the antenna radiator is also used for transmitting the uplink frequency point signals sent by the feed circuit board to the antenna radiator;
any one of the N radiation parts comprisesA vertical portion perpendicular to the feeding circuit board and an inclined portion facing the feeding balun such that the N radiation portions surround the feeding balun in a gathered manner; the inclined part is a main radiating part in the radiating parts;
any radiating part also comprises a horizontal part connected with the inclined part; the horizontal part is parallel to the feed circuit board and is connected with the feed balun.
2. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising: and a cylindrical metal cavity surrounding the antenna radiator and the feed circuit board.
3. The antenna of claim 2, further comprising: a metal base plate;
the feed circuit board is arranged in the central area of the metal bottom plate;
the periphery of the metal bottom plate is connected with the metal cavity.
4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed balun comprises a first coupling feed structure and a second coupling feed structure; the first coupling feed structure is connected with the feed circuit board; the second coupling feed structure is connected with the horizontal part of each radiating part; the distance between the first coupling feed structure and the second coupling feed structure meets a preset threshold.
5. The antenna of claim 4, wherein the first coupling feed structure comprises N/2A first metal sheet; the N/2 first metal sheets are orthogonally arranged, and the intersection point is the center of each first metal sheet;
the second coupling feed structure comprises N second metal sheets, each second metal sheet is arranged opposite to each first metal sheet, and the distance between any second metal sheet and the opposite first metal sheet meets the preset threshold; each second metal sheet is connected with the horizontal part of each radiation part.
6. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the feed circuit board comprises feed balun connection points, matching circuits, 3dB bridges, connection points for radio frequency coaxial connectors;
the feed balun connection point is used for being connected with the feed balun;
the matching circuit is used for matching the impedance of the antenna radiator according to the impedance of the radio frequency coaxial connector;
the 3dB bridge is used for 90-degree phase shifting to realize circular polarization;
the connection point of the radio frequency coaxial connector is used for being connected with the radio frequency coaxial connector.
7. The antenna of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the vertical portion is rectangular; the inclined part is trapezoidal.
8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein N = 4;
the side length of the side, where the vertical part is connected with the inclined part, is 115mm; the side length of the side of the inclined part connected with the vertical part is 115mm.
9. The antenna of claim 7, wherein the angled portion forms an angle of inclination of 15 ° with a plane in which the feed circuit board lies.
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| CN202210453471.2A CN114639949B (en) | 2022-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | Circularly polarized antenna |
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