CN114118653A - Evaluation method for self-repairing degree of rock and soil - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an evaluation method of self-repairing degree of rock and soil. According to the method, the self-repairing degree of the rock and soil in the mining affected area is evaluated by collecting the vegetation coverage condition of the earth surface and combining information such as production data and geological data of a working face by means of a fuzzy mathematical method, and a foundation is laid for improving the ecological environment of the mining area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of evaluation of green mining, environmental protection and mining influence of coal, in particular to an evaluation method of self-repairing degree of rock and soil.
Background
Coal resources dominate the energy structure of China and are abundant in reserves. The mining of coal causes rock stratum damage and even influences the surface ecological environment. The rock stratum is damaged by movement caused by mining, and the rock stratum can generate self-repairing to a certain degree in the process of rock stratum disturbance rebalancing. At present, evaluation research and technical models of rock-soil self-repairing are not reported, and the evaluation of the rock-soil self-repairing degree of the mining influence area is an urgent technical problem to be solved for scientifically and reasonably managing the ecological environment of the mining influence area, reducing the management cost of the mining area and developing the evaluation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an evaluation method of the self-repairing degree of rock and soil. According to the method, the self-repairing degree of the rock and soil in the mining affected area is evaluated by collecting the vegetation coverage condition of the earth surface and combining information such as production data and geological data of a working face by means of a fuzzy mathematical method, and a foundation is laid for improving the ecological environment of the mining area.
The invention provides a method for evaluating the self-repairing degree of rock and soil, which comprises the step of evaluating the self-repairing degree of the rock and soil by adopting a fuzzy mathematical method.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method comprises the steps of:
s1, establishing an evaluation index factor set U ═ U1，U2，U3，…Um}，Ui(i ═ 1, 2, 3, … m) represents each evaluation index factor;
s2, establishing an evaluation set which comprises an evaluation object set,
wherein the evaluation object set C ═ { C ═ C1，C2，C3，…Cn}，Ck(k ═ 1, 2, 3, … n) represents the evaluation rank of each evaluation index factor;
s3, determining the weight set W of the evaluation index factors in S1 as { W ═ W1，W2，W3，…Wm}，Wi(i ═ 1, 2, 3, … m) represents the weight of each evaluation index factor;
s4, establishing a membership function, and determining an evaluation index factor UiFor the evaluation grade CkObtaining a fuzzy evaluation matrix R according to the membership degree of the fuzzy evaluation matrixik；
S5, performing an evaluation matrix A and a fuzzy evaluation matrix RikThe evaluation results were obtained.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the evaluation matrix is a set of weights W or a set of normalized weights V of different sets of evaluation index factors W, preferably a set of normalized weights V ═ V of different sets of evaluation index factors W obtained according to an evaluation method or an expert scoring method1，V2，V3，…VmAnd Vi (i ═ 1, 2, 3, … m) represents a normalized value of the weight of each evaluation index factor.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, when selecting specific evaluation, the evaluation should be comprehensively evaluated according to the membership degree of all influencing factors to each factor.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the evaluation result of S5 is B ═ a · Rik＝{B1，B2，B3，…Bn}，B1，B2，B3，…BnAnd expressing an evaluation result, evaluating the self-repairing degree of the rock and soil according to the evaluation result, and preferably taking the maximum value in the B as the evaluation result to evaluate the self-repairing degree of the rock and soil.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the final rock-soil self-repairing degree can be evaluated according to the rock-soil self-repairing degree grade corresponding to the maximum value in the B, and certain guidance is provided for the land reclamation of the mining area.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the geotechnical self-repairing degree is graded as follows:
TABLE 1
According to some embodiments of the invention, the evaluation index factors include geological factors, work surface factors, and surface ecological factors.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the geological factor comprises coal seam inclination angle U1Number of coal seams U2Whether or not there is a fault U3And aquifer buried depth U4。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the face factor comprises thickening U5Propulsion speed U6Length of working face U7Number of repeated picks U8And a ceiling management method U9。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the surface ecological factors include vegetation coverage U10Surface water U11Terrain slope U12And the terrain slope direction U13。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the weight selection directly affects the final evaluation result, since the importance degree of each evaluation index to the rock-soil self-repairing degree evaluation model is different. In order to reflect the importance degree of each index, different weight values Wi are given to each factor.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the Wi is a weighted value of the ith factor, wherein
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the weight value of each influencing factor, preferably said W, is determined according to an empirical formulaiI-th index measured value/i-term index average value.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, determining the membership function is a key to performing fuzzy evaluation, and the method for establishing the membership function includes a weighting method, a fuzzy statistical method, an expert scoring method, a difference method, a standard function method, and the like.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the membership function is:
R＝(a-a0)/(a1-a0) Or (a)1-a)/(a1-a0)
Wherein a is0＜a＜a1A is the actual test value, a0And a1The values corresponding to two evaluation levels adjacent to the value a in the C set.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, when a is an evaluation index factor that can be quantified, a is a theoretical value corresponding to the factor.
According to some embodiments of the invention, when a is an unquantizable evaluation index factor, a corresponding numerical value is assigned by using an expert scoring principle.
According to some embodiments of the invention, RikThe value of (a) is between 0 and 1.
In some advantageous embodiments of the present invention, the method for evaluating the self-repairing degree of rock and soil comprises the following specific steps:
(1) establishing an evaluation index factor set U ═ U1，U2，U3，…U13In which U is1-U13Are the factors in table 2 below;
TABLE 2 evaluation index factor set
(2) Establishing a set of evaluations, the set of evaluations comprising a set of evaluation objects,
wherein the evaluation object set C ═ { C ═ C1，C2，C3，…C13}，Ck(k-1, 2, 3, … 13) represents the evaluation level of each evaluation index factor.
(3) Determining a weight set W ═ W of the evaluation index factors in (1)1，W2，W3，…W13}，Wi(i ═ 1, 2, 3, … 13) represents the weight of each evaluation index factor; and Wi is the ith index measured value/the i index average value.
(4) Let element I of the set of factors Ui(i-1, 2, 3, …, 13) for the evaluation object Ck(k＝1，2，3，…, n) and evaluating the k-th element C in the evaluation object setkDegree of membership of RikThus defining UiTo CkA fuzzy mapping R (U)i) Comprises the following steps:
R(Ui)＝(Ri1，Ri2，Ri3，…，Rik)(k＝1，2，3，…，n)，
wherein:
R＝(a-a0)/(a1-a0) Or (a)1-a)/(a1-a0)
Wherein a is0＜a＜a1A is the actual test value, a0And a1The values corresponding to two evaluation levels adjacent to the value a in the C set.
Rik∈[0，1]Indicates the index factor UiIn deciding CkThe above probability degree, R ═ (Rij) i × k is a 13 × n blur matrix, and (U, C, R) constitutes a blur evaluation space.
(5) Performing an evaluation matrix A and a fuzzy evaluation matrix RikThe evaluation results were obtained.
(6) Comprehensively evaluating the membership degree of all influencing factors to each factor according to the evaluation result that B is equal to A.Rik＝{B1，B2，B3，…Bn}，B1，B2，B3，…BnAnd expressing an evaluation result, evaluating the self-repairing degree of the rock and soil according to the evaluation result, and preferably taking the maximum value in the B as the evaluation result to evaluate the self-repairing degree of the rock and soil.
The second aspect of the invention provides application of the method in the first aspect in evaluating the self-repairing degree of rock and soil in a coal mining area.
The evaluation method of the self-repairing degree of the rock and soil in the mining affected area based on the fuzzy mathematical method can realize the full utilization of data, and provides a certain technical support for the ecological environment restoration of the mining area and the ecological harmonious development of the mining area.
Detailed Description
The mining influence area rock-soil self-repairing degree evaluation method based on the fuzzy mathematical method disclosed by the invention is used for evaluating three first-level indexes and 13 second-level indexes. And summing to obtain the final evaluation system.
Example 1
The evaluation level standard content and the actual monitoring result are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 rock-soil self-repairing degree Standard
(1) Method for determining graded limit of self-repairing degree of rock and soil by calculating membership degree
Taking the vegetation coverage as an example, the monitoring result is X48, and the adjacent two-stage standard is X0-45 (stage iii), and X1-75 (stage iv).
For class III membership:
for IV-level membership:
therefore, according to the calculation result, 10% of vegetation coverage can be classified as class III, 90% of vegetation coverage can be classified as class IV, and the membership degrees of class I, class II and class V are zero. And calculating the membership degrees corresponding to other indexes respectively and forming a fuzzy matrix R in the same way.
(2) Calculating weights
Taking the vegetation coverage as an example, the arithmetic mean of the index grades is calculated as follows:
the index weight is as follows:
normalized weight
Normalized weight of each index
TABLE 4 normalized weights of the indices
| Index code | Index average (S) | Weight (W) | Normalization (V) |
| U1 | 50 | 0.940 | 0.101 |
| U2 | 3 | 1.000 | 0.108 |
| U3 | 3 | 0.467 | 0.050 |
| U4 | 72.6 | 0.923 | 0.099 |
| U5 | 6 | 0.467 | 0.050 |
| U6 | 19.2 | 0.135 | 0.015 |
| U7 | 210 | 0.405 | 0.044 |
| U8 | 3 | 0.433 | 0.047 |
| U9 | 3 | 0.600 | 0.065 |
| U10 | 50 | 0.960 | 0.103 |
| U11 | 3 | 0.800 | 0.086 |
| U12 | 30 | 1.267 | 0.136 |
| U13 | 168 | 0.179 | 0.019 |
According to the normalized weight, a determinant is formed, namely:
(3) fuzzy matrix composite operation and evaluation result
And (3) carrying out composite operation on the determinant A and the matrix R:
P＝A*R＝(0.266 0.218 0.225 0.291 0.000)
the maximum value of P is 0.291, and the maximum value is at the IV grade position in the grading set, so the self-repairing degree of the rock soil is poor.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and do not set any limit to the present invention. The present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, but the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. The invention can be modified, as prescribed, within the scope of the claims and without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein, but rather extends to all other methods and applications having the same functionality.
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating the self-repairing degree of rock and soil comprises the step of evaluating the self-repairing degree of rock and soil by adopting a fuzzy mathematical method.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an evaluation index factor set U ═ U1，U2，U3，…Um}，Ui(i ═ 1, 2, 3, … m) represents each evaluation index factor;
s2, establishing an evaluation set which comprises an evaluation object set,
wherein the evaluation object set C ═ { C ═ C1，C2，C3，…Cn}，Ck(k ═ 1, 2, 3, … n) represents the evaluation rank of each evaluation index factor;
s3, determining the weight set W of the evaluation index factors in S1 as { W ═ W1，W2，W3，…Wm}，Wi(i ═ 1, 2, 3, … m) represents the weight of each evaluation index factor;
s4, establishing a membership function, and determining an evaluation index factor UiFor the evaluation grade CkObtaining a fuzzy evaluation matrix R according to the membership degree of the fuzzy evaluation matrixik；
S5, performing an evaluation matrix A and a fuzzy evaluation matrix RikThe evaluation results were obtained.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the evaluation matrix a is a weight set W or a normalized weight set V ═ V { V } of different evaluation index factor weights W obtained according to an evaluation method or an expert scoring method1，V2，V3，…VmAnd Vi (i ═ 1, 2, 3, … m) represents a normalized value of the weight of each evaluation index factor.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the result of the evaluation at S5 is B-A-Rik＝{B1，B2，B3，…Bn}，B1，B2，B3，…BnAnd expressing an evaluation result, evaluating the self-repairing degree of the rock and soil according to the evaluation result, and preferably taking the maximum value in the B as the evaluation result to evaluate the self-repairing degree of the rock and soil.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the evaluation index factors include geological factors, face factors, and surface ecological factors,
preferably, the geological factor comprises coal seam inclination angle U1Number of coal seams U2Whether or not there is a fault U3And aquifer buried depth U4；
The face factor comprises the thickness of the mining U5Propulsion speed U6Length of working face U7Number of repeated picks U8And a ceiling management method U9；
The ecological factors of the earth surface comprise vegetation coverage rate U10Surface water U11Terrain slope U12And the terrain slope direction U13。
6. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein Wi is a weighted value of the ith factor, and wherein
Preferably, Wi is the i-th index measured value/i-th index average value.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the membership function is established using an intermediate type of expert scoring and standard function methods, preferably wherein the membership function is:
R＝(a-a0)/(a1-a0) Or (a)1-a)/(a1-a0)
Wherein a is0＜a＜a1A is the actual test value, a0And a1The values corresponding to two evaluation levels adjacent to the value a in the C set.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein a is a theoretical value corresponding to a quantifiable evaluation index factor when the factor is the factor, and a is a corresponding numerical value assigned by an expert scoring principle when the factor is an unquantizable evaluation index factor.
9. The method of any one of claims 1-8, wherein R isikThe value of (a) is between 0 and 1.
10. Use of the method of any one of claims 1 to 9 in the evaluation of the degree of self-repairing of rock and soil in a coal mining area.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103995952A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-08-20 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Improved mining industry derelict land reclamation appropriateness fuzzy synthetic evaluation method |
| US20200234170A1 (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2020-07-23 | China University Of Mining And Technology | Method for classifying eco-geological environment types based on coal resource exploitation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103995952A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-08-20 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Improved mining industry derelict land reclamation appropriateness fuzzy synthetic evaluation method |
| US20200234170A1 (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2020-07-23 | China University Of Mining And Technology | Method for classifying eco-geological environment types based on coal resource exploitation |
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