CN103954514A - System and method for testing high-frequency fatigue life in high-temperature steam environment - Google Patents
System and method for testing high-frequency fatigue life in high-temperature steam environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of material performance tests and discloses a system for testing high-frequency fatigue life in a high-temperature steam environment. The system comprises a test rack, wherein a steam box and a fatigue testing machine are fixedly arranged on the test rack; high-frequency cyclic loading of a fatigue sample is realized through the fatigue testing machine; the sample penetrates through the steam box; two ends of the sample are respectively and rotatably connected with the steam box in a sealed mode; a middle part of the sample is exposed in an internal environment of the steam box; the steam box comprises a steam input end and a steam output end; the steam input end of the steam box is connected with a steam generator; the steam generator is supplied with water by a water tank; an oxygen removal device is arranged on the water tank; the steam output end of the steam box is connected with a condenser; an oxygen content measuring device is connected to the condenser. The invention also discloses a related test method. The adopted steam generator can generate water vapor with stable flow. By arranging a dissolved oxygen testing device and monitoring steam temperature in real time, an operating environment of an actual member can be simulated to the greatest degree.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material properties test technical field, particularly high-cycle fatigue service life experiment system and the test method under a kind of high-temperature steam environment.
Background technology
Steam turbine is as the core component of electrical circuitry equipment, and its Design and manufacture level is reflecting the strength of scientific and technical innovation.The blade of steam turbine is as energy source and power parts, and its safety and reliability are directly connected to the long-term stability operation of power station unit.For example, in exhaust stage blade district, diameter and rotating speed are larger, centrifugal force and alterante stress acting in conjunction, and operating load complexity, and work in wet steam environment.The condition of work of turbine blade complexity and severe Service Environment, very easily cause fatigure failure.The factors such as the design of blade and structure thereof, the selection of blade material, all in the urgent need to the fatigue strength under Service Environment and lifetime data, are necessary to provide the test unit under steam ambient condition.Conventional corrosion fatigue testing machine does not configure generation device and the circulation system thereof of high-temperature steam, existing Chinese patent " a kind of experiment environment apparatus for expanding rate of fatigue crack in corrosive environment " (application number: 200810167021.7), " the torture test test macro under a kind of corrosion environment " (application number: 201310360438.6), 200920270850.8) etc. " a kind of salt mist environment device for experiment on fatigue properties " and " a kind of corrosion fatigue test apparatus with High Temperature High Pressure recirculated water " (application number: the solution environmental device of carrying out torture test is all provided, but can not meet the requirement of high-temperature steam environment.In addition, in the Service Environment of blade, the oxygen level in wet steam is generally lower than 1 ppm, the new challenge that this exploitation to steam fatigue test system proposes.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides high-cycle fatigue service life experiment system and test method under a kind of high-temperature steam environment, by the Service Environment of simulation material, obtain accurately fatigue lifetime.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
High-cycle fatigue service life experiment system under a kind of high-temperature steam environment, it is characterized in that, comprise test rack, on described test rack, be fixedly installed steam tank and fatigue tester, described fatigue tester is realized the high frequency CYCLIC LOADING of fatigue testing specimen, described sample is through described steam tank, the two ends of described sample are tightly connected with described steam tank is rotatable respectively, the center section of described sample is exposed in the environment of described steam tank, described steam tank comprises steam input end and steam output end, the steam input end of described steam tank connects steam generator, described steam generator is by a cistern water supply, on described water tank, deaerating plant is set, the steam output end of described steam tank connects a condenser, on described condenser, connect measure of oxygen content device.
Further, the upper and lower side cross section of described steam tank is provided with sample mounting hole, between described sample and described sample mounting hole, is connected by silica gel sealing.
Further, described fatigue tester comprises top exciting and load transfer means and bottom base and ground pin device, described top exciting and load transfer means are arranged on the test rack of described steam tank top, described bottom base is for fixing sample, and described sample is arranged on described upper load transfer device and bottom base through described steam tank.
Further, described deaerating plant comprises inlet end and outlet side and nitrogen cylinder is set on described water tank, described nitrogen cylinder connects described inlet end by valve, described outlet side is connected to atmosphere by valve, described nitrogen cylinder, to being filled with nitrogen in described water tank, is discharged water tank by the oxygen in Water in Water Tank by described outlet side.
Further, described measure of oxygen content device comprises the condensate collector that described condenser rear connects, described condensate collector rear connects dissolved oxygen amount tester by valve, described condenser gatherer is also connected to atmosphere by valve, described dissolved oxygen amount tester connects a vacuum pump by valve, described vacuum pump is for the air of find time before measuring described dissolved oxygen amount tester and pipeline thereof at every turn, in described dissolved oxygen amount tester, dissolved oxygen meter is installed, described dissolved oxygen meter carries out the mensuration of dissolved oxygen amount to the condensed fluid of described dissolved oxygen amount tester.
Further, a thermopair is set in described steam tank, the below of described steam tank arranges drainpipe by valve.
High-cycle fatigue service life experiment system and a test method under above-mentioned high-temperature steam environment, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The first step: produce sample, described sample comprises screw thread gripping section, smooth parallel-segment and middle circle segmental arc composition;
Second step: pilot system described in connection, is arranged on described sample on described sample charger;
The 3rd step: inject deionized water in water tank, by described deaerating plant, the deionized water in water tank is carried out to deoxygenation;
The 4th step: open and steam regulation generator, monitoring steam box makes it reach test temperature;
The 5th step: the oxygen level of condensate water is tested by measure of oxygen content device;
The 6th step: if the oxygen level measured value of condensate water is less than or equal to setting, enter the 7th step, if the oxygen level of condensate water is greater than setting, strengthen the deoxygenation dynamics of deaerating plant to deionized water in water tank, again carry out oxygen level test, until the oxygen level of condensate water meets the demands;
The 7th step: open described fatigue tester, loading force is set, described sample is carried out to high frequency fatigue test, obtain the fatigue lifetime of sample.
Further, the parallel-segment diameter of described sample should be less than or equal to the aperture of steam tank upper and lower side, the minimum diameter of middle segmental arc and radian size are carried out the dimensional requirement of sample by testing standard, and the described first step also comprises the polish step of cleaning of described sample.
Further, the test of the oxygen level in described the 5th step, the 6th step comprises the steps:
The 1st step: empty the ponding in described dissolved oxygen amount tester, the air of finding time in described dissolved oxygen amount tester by described vacuum pump;
The 2nd step: close condenser, make steam be full of described condensate collector and dissolved oxygen amount tester;
The 3rd step: open condenser, make to collect in described condensate collector enough condensate waters;
The 4th step: the condensate water of described condensate collector is down to below 50 DEG C;
The 5th step: condensate water is introduced in described dissolved oxygen amount tester;
The 6th step: open dissolved oxygen meter, the oxygen level of test condensed fluid.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) steam generator adopting can produce the water vapor of regime flow, by dissolved oxygen amount proving installation and vapor (steam) temperature Real-Time Monitoring, the at utmost working environment of simulation actual components;
(2) adjustable steam generator produces the temperature of steam, can meet test material and carry out under different temperatures the requirement of steam ambient torture test;
(3) sample holder end adopts flexible silica gel to connect and has ensured the good sealing of steam tank;
(4) steam ambient device is combined with HF fatigue testing machine, and torture test frequency is higher, carries out the torture test under extra long life condition, and the time is short, cost is low;
(5) described high-temperature steam fatigue life test system and method, operating process is succinct, with low cost, stable, safe and reliable;
(6) assay method of described high-temperature steam oxygen level, simple to operate, and measuring accuracy is easy to ensure.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is always schemed for steam fatigue test system structure;
Accompanying drawing 2 is steam tank structural representation;
Accompanying drawing 3 is sample and steam tank sealing schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 4 is dissolved oxygen amount determination unit schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 5 is steam fatigue test sample schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 6 is test method process flow diagram.
Label in accompanying drawing is respectively:
1. nitrogen cylinder; 2. valve;
3. valve; 4. water tank;
5. valve; 6. flexible pipe;
7. steam generator; 8. steam input end;
9. steam tank; 10. test rack;
11. exciting devices; 12. load transfer means
13. samples; 14. steam output ends;
15. thermocouple temperature measurement pipes; 16. drainpipes;
17. valves; 18. bases;
19. lower margins; 20. condensers;
21. condensate collectors; 22. valves;
23. valves; 24. dissolved oxygen amount testers;
25. valves; 26. vacuum pumps;
27. dissolved oxygen meters; 28. silica gel parts;
29. support sets; 30. segmental arcs;
31. smooth section; 32. thread segments.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the high-cycle fatigue service life experiment system under high-temperature steam environment of the present invention and the embodiment of test method are elaborated.The objective for implementation of this example is turbine blade material Ti-6Al-4V, the steam that its Service Environment is 100oC, and dissolved oxygen amount requires lower than 0.8ppm.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, high-cycle fatigue service life experiment system comprises exciting device 11 and load transfer means 12 and the steam tank 9 of fatigue tester, steam tank 9 is for the high-temperature steam Service Environment of material, the exciting device 11 of fatigue tester, load transfer means 12 and steam tank 9 are installed on test rack 10, load transfer means 12 realizes the CYCLIC LOADING of sample 13, sample 13 is through steam tank 9, the two ends of sample 13 are tightly connected with steam tank 9 is rotatable respectively, the center section of sample 13 communicates with the internal cavities of steam tank 9, sample is fixed on base 18, base 18 belows arrange some lower margins 19, steam tank 9 comprises steam input end 8 and steam output end 14, the steam input end 8 of steam tank 9 connects steam generator 7, steam generator 7 is supplied water by a water tank 4 by a valve 5, on water tank 4, deaerating plant is set, the steam output end 14 of steam tank 9 connects a condenser 20, on condenser 20, connect measure of oxygen content device.Steam generator 7 is made up of shell, courage stove, well heater, control system, water system five parts.Well heater does not reduce pressure, does not heat while water supply, to ensure the stable of steam flow and pressure.
Referring to accompanying drawing 2, steam tank 9 is a square box, and it adopts and the material that corrodes, ensures its serviceable life, and tank material is selected 316L stainless steel.On the upper and lower end face of steam tank 9, offer respectively sample 13 mounting holes, on sample 13 mounting holes, weld support set 29, between sample 13 and sample 13 mounting holes and support set 29, be tightly connected by silica gel 28.The steam input end 8 of steam tank 9 is positioned at the below of steam tank 9 near the position of bottom, the steam output end 14 of steam tank 9 is positioned at the top of steam tank 9 near the position at top, and the steam input end 8 of steam tank 9 all uses resistant to elevated temperatures flexible pipe 6 to be connected with steam output end 14.At the interior thermocouple temperature measurement pipe 15 that arranges of steam tank 9, for measuring and monitor the vapor (steam) temperature in steam tank 9.At the lower bottom part of steam tank 9, a drainpipe 16 is set, realizes the timely discharge to steam tank 9 interior condensate waters by the keying of valve 17.
Fatigue tester is existing product, and adopting commercial model is the HF fatigue testing machine of PLG-100C, and its maximum static lotus is ± 100kN that maximum dynamic loading is 50kN, frequency range: 80～250Hz.Fatigue tester adopts electromagnetic exciting mode, makes sample 13 bear cyclic loading, carries out torture test.Fatigue tester comprises top exciting device 11, load transfer means 12 and bottom base 18 and lower margin 19, top exciting device 11 and load transfer means 12 are arranged on the test rack 10 of steam tank 9 tops, bottom base 18 is for fixing sample 13, and sample 13 is arranged on upper load transfer device 12 and bottom base 18 through steam tank 9.
Referring to accompanying drawing 3, sample 13 rotatably coordinates with the support set 29 of steam tank 9, in the outside of support set 29, between sample 13 and support set 29, seals by silica gel part 25 is set, and between sample 13 and support set 29, ensures certain right alignment.Segmental arc in the middle of sample 13 falls in steam tank 9 completely.
Deaerating plant comprises inlet end and outlet side and nitrogen cylinder 1 is set on water tank 4, nitrogen cylinder 1 connects inlet end by valve 2, outlet side is connected to atmosphere by valve 3, and nitrogen cylinder 1, to being filled with nitrogen in water tank 4, is discharged water tank 4 by the oxygen in water tank 4 water by outlet side.
Referring to accompanying drawing 4, measure of oxygen content device comprises the condensate collector 21 that condenser 20 rears connect, condensate collector 21 rears connect dissolved oxygen amount tester 24 by valve, condensate collector 21 is also connected to atmosphere by valve 22, dissolved oxygen amount tester 24 connects a vacuum pump 26 by valve 25, vacuum pump 26 is for the air of find time before measuring dissolved oxygen amount tester 24 and pipeline thereof at every turn, at the interior installation dissolved oxygen meter 27 of dissolved oxygen amount tester 24, dissolved oxygen meter 27 carries out the mensuration of dissolved oxygen amount to the condensed fluid of dissolved oxygen amount tester 24.
Referring to accompanying drawing 5, segmental arc 30 in the middle of sample 13 comprises, the smooth section 31 that two ends coordinate with steam tank 9, and the thread segment 32 that links of end and fatigue tester load transfer means 12 and base 18, the material of sample 13 is taken from the parts that high-temperature steam is on active service, and its each several part size is according to torture test standard.
Referring to accompanying drawing 6, the method that uses above-mentioned pilot system under high-temperature steam environment, sample to be tested comprises the steps:
The first step: produce sample 13.Get turbine blade titanium alloy material Ti-6Al-4V, produce band circular arc sample 13 by the shape of fatigue testing specimen 13 shown in accompanying drawing 5 and size, then to the cleaning of polishing of sample 13 surfaces, to eliminate surface working dirt.Can pass through deionized water rinsing, after being dried, be contained on steam tank 9 and fatigue tester load transfer means 12 and base 18.
Second step: connection pilot system, is arranged on sample 13 on sample charger.Connection between each equipment adopts Thermostable flexible hose, ensures the sealing property of each equipment, ensures its job stability.
The 3rd step: inject deionized water in water tank 4, by deaerating plant, the deionized water in water tank 4 is carried out to deoxygenation.Nitrogen in the nitrogen cylinder of deaerating plant is continued to pour in deionized water, make the free oxygen in deionization discharge water tank 4.
The 4th step: open and steam regulation generator 7, measure and monitor steam box and make its temperature reach testing requirements value.And the sealing situation of steam tank 9 air intake openings and gas outlet is detected.Steam generator 7 passes into water tank 4 at nitrogen and opens after about five minutes, with the oxygen level that ensures the deionized water for there is steam within desired extent.
The 5th step: by measure of oxygen content device, the oxygen level of condensate water is tested, concrete test comprises the steps:
The 1st step: empty the ponding in dissolved oxygen amount tester 24, the air of finding time in dissolved oxygen amount tester 24 by vacuum pump 26, to ensure that dissolved oxygen amount tester 24 is in vacuum state, to prevent that airborne oxygen from contacting with condensate water.
The 2nd step: close condenser 20, make steam be full of condensate collector 21 and dissolved oxygen amount tester 24.
The 3rd step: open condenser 20, make to collect in condensate collector 21 enough condensate waters.
The 4th step: the condensate water of condensate collector 21 is down to below 50 DEG C.
The 5th step: condensate water is introduced in dissolved oxygen amount tester 24.
The 6th step: open dissolved oxygen meter 27, the oxygen level of test condensed fluid.
Referring to accompanying drawing 4, above-mentioned steps specific operation process is, first valve-off 23, open valve 25 use vacuum pumps 26 and remove the air in dissolved oxygen amount tester 24; Then valve-off 22, opens valve 23,25, stops the condensation of condenser 20 to water vapour, and the water vapour producing, by condensate collector 21, is removed to the air of collecting part; Then start condensed steam, valve-off 25, collects condensate water.After collecting enough condensate waters, valve-off 23, opens valve 22.When condensate temperature in condensate collector 21 falls below 50 DEG C, open valve 23, condensation flow, to dissolved oxygen amount tester 24, is opened to dissolved oxygen meter 27, test oxygen level.
By above-mentioned steps, complete the oxygen level test to condensed fluid, after completing, carry out following steps:
The 6th step: if the oxygen level of condensate water is less than or equal to 0.8ppm, enter the 7th step, if the oxygen level of condensate water is greater than 0.8ppm, strengthen the deoxygenation dynamics of deaerating plant to water tank 4 interior deionized waters, can, by increasing the input quantity of nitrogen or the input time of prolongation nitrogen, more effectively remove the oxygen in ionized water.And then carry out oxygen level test, until the oxygen level of condensate water is less than or equal to 0.8ppm, measuring method is the same.
The 7th step: open fatigue tester, load is set, sample 13 is carried out to high frequency fatigue test, obtain the fatigue lifetime of sample 13.When dissolved oxygen amount reaches after 0.8 ppm, open the control system of fatigue tester.The load that is-1 for stress ratio, first allows test scale load auto zero, as mean stress, then corresponding stress amplitude is set, and starts fatigue test system.In process of the test, record vibration frequency, testing machine is ruptured to protect to be arranged.After sample 13 fractures, record cycle index.Repeat above step, can obtain the fatigue lifetime under different stress amplitudes.According to the lifting and lowering method in torture test, can obtain rapidly this material 10
7the fatigue strength size of circulation cycle.
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the high-cycle fatigue service life experiment system under a high-temperature steam environment, it is characterized in that: comprise test rack, on described test rack, be fixedly installed steam tank and fatigue tester, on described fatigue tester, load sample and make it to bear high frequency cyclic loading, described sample is through described steam tank, the two ends of described sample are tightly connected with described steam tank is rotatable respectively, the center section of described sample is exposed in the environment of described steam tank, described steam tank comprises steam input end and steam output end, the steam input end of described steam tank connects steam generator, described steam generator is by a cistern water supply, on described water tank, deaerating plant is set, the steam output end of described steam tank connects a condenser, on described condenser, connect measure of oxygen content device.
2. according to the high-cycle fatigue service life experiment system under the high-temperature steam environment described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the upper and lower side cross section of described steam tank is provided with sample mounting hole, between described sample and described sample mounting hole, be connected by silica gel sealing.
3. according to the high-cycle fatigue service life experiment system under the high-temperature steam environment described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fatigue tester comprises top exciting and load transfer means, bottom base and lower margin, described top exciting and load transfer means are arranged on the test rack of described steam tank top, described bottom base is for fixing sample, and described sample is arranged on described upper load transfer device and bottom base through described steam tank.
4. according to the high-cycle fatigue service life experiment system under the high-temperature steam environment described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described deaerating plant comprises inlet end and outlet side and nitrogen cylinder are set on described water tank, described nitrogen cylinder connects described inlet end by valve, described outlet side is connected to atmosphere by valve, described nitrogen cylinder, to being filled with nitrogen in described water tank, is discharged water tank by the oxygen in Water in Water Tank by described outlet side.
5. according to the high-cycle fatigue service life experiment system under the high-temperature steam environment described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described measure of oxygen content device comprises the condensate collector that described condenser rear connects, described condensate collector rear connects dissolved oxygen amount tester by valve, described condensate collector is also connected to atmosphere by valve, described dissolved oxygen amount tester connects a vacuum pump by valve, described vacuum pump is for the air of find time before measuring dissolved oxygen amount tester and pipeline thereof at every turn, in described dissolved oxygen amount tester, dissolved oxygen meter is installed, described dissolved oxygen meter carries out the measurement of dissolved oxygen amount to the condensed fluid of described dissolved oxygen amount tester.
6. according to the high-cycle fatigue service life experiment system under the high-temperature steam environment described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: a thermopair is set in described steam tank, and the below of described steam tank arranges drainpipe by valve.
7. a test method for the high-cycle fatigue service life experiment system under the high-temperature steam environment as described in any one in claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The first step: produce sample, described sample comprises screw thread gripping section, smooth parallel-segment and middle circle segmental arc composition;
Second step: pilot system described in connection, is arranged on described sample on described sample charger;
The 3rd step: inject deionized water in water tank, by described deaerating plant, the deionized water in water tank is carried out to deoxygenation;
The 4th step: open and steam regulation generator, monitoring steam box makes it reach test temperature;
The 5th step: the oxygen level of condensate water is tested by measure of oxygen content device;
The 6th step: if the oxygen level measured value of condensate water is less than or equal to setting, enter the 7th step, if the oxygen level of condensate water is greater than setting, strengthen the deoxygenation dynamics of deaerating plant to deionized water in water tank, again carry out oxygen level test, until the oxygen level of condensate water meets the demands;
The 7th step: open described fatigue tester, loading force is set, described sample is carried out to high frequency fatigue test, obtain the fatigue lifetime of sample.
8. test method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the parallel-segment diameter of described sample should equal the aperture of steam tank upper and lower side, the minimum diameter of middle segmental arc and radian size are carried out the dimensional requirement of sample by testing standard, and the described first step also comprises the polish step of cleaning of described sample.
9. test method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the oxygen level test in described the 5th step, the 6th step comprises the steps:
The 1st step: empty the ponding in described dissolved oxygen amount tester, the air of finding time in described dissolved oxygen amount tester by described vacuum pump;
The 2nd step: close condenser, make steam be full of described condensate collector and dissolved oxygen amount tester;
The 3rd step: open condenser, make to collect in described condensate collector enough condensate waters;
The 4th step: the condensate water of described condensate collector is down to below 50 DEG C;
The 5th step: condensate water is introduced in described dissolved oxygen amount tester;
The 6th step: open dissolved oxygen meter, the oxygen level of test condensed fluid.
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| CN105158056A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-12-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Pretension aviation part heat-fatigue strength integrated measurement platform |
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| CN106353179A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-01-25 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Resonant three-point-bending high-temperature fatigue testing machine |
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Application publication date: 20140730 |