CN103317218B - Double-sided dual-narrow-gap non-back-gouging welding method for large thick plates - Google Patents
Double-sided dual-narrow-gap non-back-gouging welding method for large thick plates Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-sided dual-narrow-gap non-back-gouging welding method for large thick plates. The double-sided dual-narrow-gap non-back-gouging welding method comprises the steps as follows: splicing large thick plates into a double-sided narrow-gap groove, wherein the groove angle is 0-1 degree, the truncated edge at the root part of the groove is 2-4 mm, and the gap of the groove is 10-20 mm, performing double-sided backing welding in a staggered manner, wherein a first welding gun and a second welding gun are crossed at the front part and the back part of double sides, and the welding arc interval f of the first welding gun and the second welding gun is 20-50 mm, performing simultaneous vertical position welding and filling on the double sides, wherein the first welding gun and the second welding gun perform synchronous welding on the front side and the back side, and perform double-sided filling at the same time, and performing slow-cooling and postheat treatment, wherein in the processes of double-sided backing welding in a staggered manner and simultaneous double-sided vertical position welding and filling, gun heads of the first welding gun and the second welding gun swing to control the swinging width and the side wall retention time, so as to ensure good fusion of the side wall, and control the welding heat input through controlling the welding speed and welding parameters. According to the invention, compared with traditional welding, the production efficiency is improved by more than 10-15 times, the welding filling amount is reduced to 0.7-0.8 times, back gouging by carbon is not needed, and the manner of one layer for one welding without angular deformation is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to manufacture of steel structure field, more particularly, relate to the welding technology field of large slab.
Background technology
The extensive use in the ocean weight equipments such as marine engineering equipment, bridge spanning the sea, naval vessel, Wind Power Plant at Sea of large slab high-strength steel structure.As: drilling platforms, wind turbine installation vessel and jackstone leveling ship spud leg rack steel material are Q690 or A514 steel, thickness of slab 120 ~ 170mm etc.The large thick plates many employings manual electric arc welding of tradition and semi-automatic welding, multi-pass welding, welding efficiency is low; Design and construction are asymmetric groove, weld after weld preheating, first welding front groove, from the negative carbon arc air gouging back chipping, channeling, polishing, again preheating.Operation is many, and the production cycle is long, and production efficiency is low, and labor strength is large, and production environment is severe; The rigidity of large-scale steel structure is large, and postwelding produces very high residual stress and stress relief annealing is had any problem, somewhat expensive, once distortion is difficult to correct.
In order to solve the shortcomings such as large thick plates inefficiency, welding deformation, welding material expenditure amount be large; large slab narrow gap welding progressively starts application at present; as narrow-clearance submerged arc welding, the active gas shielded arc welding of narrow gap etc., narrow gap welding improves welding production efficiency, saves welding material.
CN102275029A, the Chinese patent application being entitled as " rocking arc narrow clearance melting electrode gas shield is stood to welding method " discloses a kind of rocking arc narrow clearance melting electrode gas shield and stands to welding method, with metalwork slab be assembled into I type, gap is that 12 ~ 16mm stands to groove to be welded; According to the gap of groove to be welded and the difference of weld seam passage, first select gas shielding condition, setting electric arc shake frequency, electric arc shake amplitude, the electric arc sidewall time of staying, pulse welding average arc electric current, average arc voltage, speed of welding, dry extension of electrode, and match the micro-curved conducting rod of suitable bending angle; Welding torch with speed of welding integral vertical upwards or vertical downward move, under weld seam free forming state, realize rocking arc narrow clearance melting electrode gas shield in every layer of single track multilayer welding mode and stand to automatic welding.
CN1481961, the Chinese patent application being entitled as " efficient single-filament narrow-gap active gas shielded arc welding connects method " discloses a kind of efficient single-filament narrow-gap active gas shielded arc welding and connects method, belongs to welding technology field.The ternary protective gas that the present invention adopts oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon gas to form; welding wire is arranged between two parties; obtaining stable rotating spray transfer mode by controlling large electrode extension, wire feed rate and voltage, realizing the good fusion between welding bead and workpiece sidewall in certain interval groove.
But the problem being difficult to control, the back side needs carbon plane back chipping, weld metal loading is large for large slab distortion in prior art still fails effectively to be overcome.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to a kind of large thick plates method proposing efficient, high-quality, energy-conservation, low-material-consumption.
According to one embodiment of the invention, propose a kind of large slab two-sided two unclear of narrow gaps welding method, comprising:
Large slab is spliced into two-sided Narrow sloping-glot, and bevel angle is 0 ° ~ 1 °, and groove root root face is 2mm ~ 4mm, and groove gap is 10mm ~ 20mm;
Two-sided staggered backing welding, the first welding gun and the second welding gun intersect in two-sided front and back, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun and the second welding gun is 20mm ~ 50mm;
The while of two-sided vertical position welding fill, the first welding gun and the second welding gun two-sided in front and back while synchronous welding, carry out two-sided filling simultaneously;
Slow cooling and after-baking;
Two-sided staggered backing welding and two-sided while vertical position welding filling process in, the rifle head of the first welding gun and the second welding gun swings, and controls swing width and the sidewall time of staying makes sidewall fusion good, controls speed of welding and welding parameter to control thermal weld stress.
In one embodiment, groove root does not stay gap, the iron rust within the scope of removal groove and around 20mm and greasy dirt, and preheats 180 ° of C.
In one embodiment, two-sided staggered backing welding adopts gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, and solid welding wire welds, 85%Ar+15%CO
2mixed gas protected.In the process of two-sided staggered backing welding, the first welding gun first starts welding above, fusion length is about 20mm, and the second welding gun welds below, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun and the second welding gun is 20 ~ 30mm; Welding parameter is: electric current 110-120A, voltage 27-29V, the rifle head amplitude of fluctuation 350 ~ 380mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5 ~ 10mm, weldering speed 75 ~ 90mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.5 ~ 1.8s.
In one embodiment, the while of two-sided, vertical position welding is filled and is adopted gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, and solid welding wire welds, 85%Ar+15%CO
2mixed gas protected.In the process that vertical position welding is filled two-sided while, the first welding gun and the second welding gun synchronous welding front and back while, fills weld seam, adopts one deck one welding manner; Welding parameter is: interlayer temperature 180 DEG C, electric current 125 ~ 135A, voltage 27 ~ 29V, the rifle head swing speed 400 ~ 450mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5 ~ 10mm, weldering speed 70 ~ 80mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.6 ~ 1.8s.
In one embodiment, slow cooling and after-baking comprise: with 280 DEG C of insulations 2 hours, slow cooling was to room temperature afterwards.
The thickness of slab of the large slab that this large slab two-sided two unclear of narrow gaps welding method is suitable for is 50mm ~ 170mm.
Large slab of the present invention two-sided two unclear of narrow gaps welding method solves large thick plates inefficiency in conventional art, distortion is difficult to control, the back side needs the problems such as carbon plane back chipping, weld metal loading are large, production efficiency improves more than 10 ~ 15 times than traditional welding, welding loading is reduced to 0.7 ~ 0.8 times, and the back side does not need carbon to dig back chipping, realizes without angular deformation, one deck welding manner together.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The above and other feature of the present invention, character and advantage are by more obvious by what become below in conjunction with the description of drawings and Examples, and Reference numeral identical in the accompanying drawings represents identical feature all the time, wherein:
Fig. 1 discloses the flow chart according to the unclear welding method in the two-sided two narrow gaps of the large slab of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 discloses the structure of the two-sided pair of Narrow sloping-glot that the present invention uses.
Fig. 3 discloses the schematic diagram according to two-sided staggered backing welding in the welding method of the large slab of one embodiment of the invention two-sided two unclear of narrow gaps.
Fig. 4 discloses the schematic diagram of filling according to vertical position welding while of two-sided in the welding method of the large slab of one embodiment of the invention two-sided two unclear of narrow gaps.
Detailed description of the invention
Shown in figure 1, present invention is disclosed a kind of large slab two-sided two unclear of narrow gaps welding method 100, the method comprises following step:
Large slab is spliced into two-sided Narrow sloping-glot by 102., and bevel angle is 0 ° ~ 1 °, and groove root root face t is 2mm ~ 4mm, and groove gap δ is 10m m ~ 20mm.Thickness of slab T is at 50mm ~ 170mm.Fig. 2 discloses the structure of two-sided pair of Narrow sloping-glot.In one embodiment, groove root does not stay gap.In a step 102, also comprise the iron rust within the scope of removal groove and surrounding 20mm and greasy dirt, and preheat 180 ° of C.
104. two-sided staggered backing weldings, the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 intersects in two-sided front and back, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 is 20mm ~ 50mm.In two-sided staggered backing welding process, the rifle head of the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 swings, and control swing width and the sidewall time of staying, control speed of welding and welding parameter were to control thermal weld stress to ensure that sidewall fusion is good.In one embodiment, two-sided staggered backing welding adopts gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, and solid welding wire welds, 85%Ar+15%CO
2mixed gas protected.In the process of two-sided staggered backing welding, the first welding gun G 1 first starts welding above, fusion length is about 20mm, and the second welding gun G2 welds below, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun G 1 and the second welding gun G2 is 20 ~ 30mm in one embodiment.Welding parameter is: electric current 110-120A, voltage 27-29V, the rifle head amplitude of fluctuation 350 ~ 380mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5 ~ 10mm, weldering speed 75 ~ 90mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.5 ~ 1.8s.Fig. 3 discloses the schematic diagram of two-sided staggered backing welding.Two-sided staggered backing welding is by controlling the spacing of welding gun, and after a welding gun bottoming, another side welding gun keeps a staggered determining deviation, is fused completely by root, penetration, and ensure root pore, be mingled with emersion, thus realize unclear root bead and connect.
106. two-sided while vertical position welding fill, the synchronous welding while that the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 being two-sided in front and back, carries out two-sided filling simultaneously.The while of two-sided, in vertical position welding filling process, the rifle head of the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 swings, and control swing width and the sidewall time of staying, control speed of welding and welding parameter were to control thermal weld stress to fuse sidewall.In one embodiment, the while of two-sided, vertical position welding is filled and is adopted gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, and solid welding wire welds, 85%Ar+15%CO
2mixed gas protected.In the process that vertical position welding is filled two-sided while, the first welding gun G1 and the second welding gun G2 is synchronous welding front and back while, fills weld seam based on backing run B1, forms filler pass B2, adopts one deck one welding manner.Welding parameter is: interlayer temperature 180 DEG C, electric current 125 ~ 135A, voltage 27 ~ 29V, the rifle head swing speed 400 ~ 450mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5 ~ 10mm, weldering speed 70 ~ 80mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.6 ~ 1.8s.The schematic diagram that the while that Fig. 4 disclosing two-sided, vertical position welding is filled, which discloses backing run B1 and filler pass B2.After the two-sided staggered backing welding of step 104, adopt gas metal-arc welding GMAW two-sided pair of welding gun synchronous welding simultaneously, reduce residual stress and welding deformation on the one hand, be conducive on the other hand controlling interlayer temperature, save time.
108. slow cooling and after-baking.In one embodiment, slow cooling and after-baking comprise: with 280 DEG C of insulations 2 hours, slow cooling was to room temperature afterwards.
The thickness of slab of the large slab that this large slab two-sided two unclear of narrow gaps welding method 100 is suitable for is 50mm ~ 170mm.
Introduce the embody rule example of the unclear welding method in the two-sided two narrow gaps of large slab of the present invention below: the high-strength steel Q690E of welding thickness of slab 152mm.
Basic parameter: thickness of slab 152mm, 85%Ar+15%CO
2mixed gas protected, adopt Φ 1.2mm high-strength steel solid welding wire.Bevel angle is approximately zero, gap 10mm, the vertical position welding while of two-sided, and one deck welding manner together, back chipping is dug without the need to carbon in the back side.
Welds prepares: finished edge, during assembling, root does not stay gap.Iron rust, greasy dirt within the scope of weldering front removal groove and around 20mm.Weld preheating is to 180 DEG C.
Adopt the two-sided staggered backing welding of gas metal-arc welding GMAW: a welding gun first starts weldering, and fusion length is about about 20mm, and another side welding gun starts welding, and two welding gun spacing are 20 ~ 30mm.Welding parameter is: electric current 110 ~ 120A, voltage 27 ~ 29V, amplitude of fluctuation 350 ~ 380mm/min, swing width 9.5 ~ 10mm, weldering speed 75 ~ 90mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.5 ~ 1.8s.
The vertical position welding while of adopting gas metal-arc welding GMAW two-sided: two-sided rush-harvesting and rush-planting is synchronous welding simultaneously; fill weld seam; one deck one welding manner; welding parameter is: interlayer temperature 180 DEG C, electric current 125 ~ 135A, voltage 27 ~ 29V; swing speed 400 ~ 450mm/min; swing width 9.5 ~ 10mm, weldering speed 70 ~ 80mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.6 ~ 1.8s.
Postwelding after-baking: postwelding 280 DEG C+insulation is after 2 hours, and slow cooling is to room temperature.
The unclear root bead in two-sided two narrow gaps for the high-strength steel Q690E of thickness of slab 152mm connects, and welding process is stablized, and appearance of weld is good, and postwelding nondestructive inspection MT, UT are all qualified, realize unclear root bead and connect.Postwelding, almost without angular deformation, effectively can ensure the welding precision of high-strength steel Q 690E test plate (panel).Macroscopic view metallographic is without any defect, and root, sidewall all fuse well, realizes one deck welding together.Weld seam is totally 18 roads, and welding bead quantity is only 1/10(stick electrode arc welding 180 ~ 190 road of stick electrode weld seam), weld metal filling area is only 1/4 of stick electrode arc welding.
The welding efficiency that table 1 discloses traditional double manual arc welding and two-sided pair of narrow gap welding of the present invention compares.
Table 1
Large slab of the present invention two-sided two unclear of narrow gaps welding method solves large thick plates inefficiency in conventional art, distortion is difficult to control, the back side needs the problems such as carbon plane back chipping, weld metal loading are large, production efficiency improves more than 10 ~ 15 times than traditional welding, welding loading is reduced to 0.7 ~ 0.8 times, and the back side does not need carbon to dig back chipping, realizes without angular deformation, one deck welding manner together.
Above-described embodiment is available to be familiar with person in the art to realize or to use of the present invention; those skilled in the art can make various modifications or change to above-described embodiment and not depart from invention thought of the present invention; thus protection scope of the present invention not limit by above-described embodiment, and should be the maximum magnitude meeting the inventive features that claims are mentioned.
Claims (7)
1. large slab two-sided two unclear of narrow gaps welding method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Large slab is spliced into two-sided Narrow sloping-glot, and bevel angle is 0 ° ~ 1 °, and groove root root face is 2mm ~ 4mm, and groove gap is 10mm ~ 20mm, and the thickness of slab of described large slab is 50mm ~ 170mm;
Two-sided staggered backing welding, the first welding gun and the second welding gun intersect in two-sided front and back, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun and the second welding gun is 20mm ~ 50mm;
The while of two-sided vertical position welding fill, the first welding gun and the second welding gun two-sided in front and back while synchronous welding, carry out two-sided filling simultaneously;
Slow cooling and after-baking;
Two-sided staggered backing welding and two-sided while vertical position welding filling process in, the rifle head of the first welding gun and the second welding gun swings, and controls swing width and the sidewall time of staying makes sidewall fusion good, controls speed of welding and welding parameter to control thermal weld stress.
2. large two-sided two unclear of the narrow gaps of slab as claimed in claim 1 welding method, it is characterized in that, groove root does not stay gap, the iron rust within the scope of removal groove and around 20mm and greasy dirt, and preheats 180 DEG C.
3. large two-sided two unclear of the narrow gaps of slab as claimed in claim 1 welding method, it is characterized in that, described two-sided staggered backing welding adopts gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, and solid welding wire welds, 85%Ar+15%CO
2mixed gas protected.
4. large two-sided two unclear of the narrow gaps of slab as claimed in claim 3 welding method, it is characterized in that, in the process of two-sided staggered backing welding, first welding gun first starts welding above, fusion length is about 20mm, second welding gun welds below, and the welding arc spacing f of the first welding gun and the second welding gun is 20 ~ 30mm;
Welding parameter is: electric current 110-120A, voltage 27-29V, the rifle head amplitude of fluctuation 350 ~ 380mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5 ~ 10mm, weldering speed 75 ~ 90mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.5 ~ 1.8s.
5. slab as claimed in claim 1 large two-sided two unclear of narrow gaps welding method, is characterized in that, described two-sided while vertical position welding fill and adopt gas metal-arc welding GMAW technique, solid welding wire welds, 85%Ar+15%CO
2mixed gas protected.
6. large two-sided two unclear of the narrow gaps of slab as claimed in claim 1 welding method, it is characterized in that, in the process that vertical position welding is filled two-sided while, the first welding gun and the second welding gun synchronous welding front and back while, fill weld seam, adopt one deck one welding manner;
Welding parameter is: interlayer temperature 180 DEG C, electric current 125 ~ 135A, voltage 27 ~ 29V, the rifle head swing speed 400 ~ 450mm/min of the first welding gun and the second welding gun, rifle head swing width 9.5 ~ 10mm, weldering speed 70 ~ 80mm/min, the sidewall time of staying 1.6 ~ 1.8s.
7. large two-sided two unclear of the narrow gaps of slab as claimed in claim 1 welding method, it is characterized in that, described slow cooling and after-baking comprise: with 280 DEG C of insulations 2 hours, slow cooling was to room temperature afterwards.
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