CN103248893B - From H.264/AVC standard to code-transferring method and transcoder thereof the fast frame of HEVC standard - Google Patents
From H.264/AVC standard to code-transferring method and transcoder thereof the fast frame of HEVC standard Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses code-transferring method a kind of fast frame from H.264/AVC standard to HEVC standard, comprise the H.264/AVC code stream of standard to insert in decoder and decode, the various information of piecemeal are extracted in decode procedure, the blocking information extracted is converted into by direct corresponding and mode such as " fritter group bulk " CU, PU information that HEVC standard encodes available, finally directly this CU, PU information is used in HEVC standard coding.Owing to there being CU, PU information determined, therefore in the cataloged procedure of HEVC standard, do not need the quad-tree partition of carrying out CU according to its original coded system, do not need to travel through all possible PU pattern under each CU degree of depth yet, and only need to calculate the PU pattern under the CU degree of depth of correspondence and intra prediction mode, thus save the computation complexity of CU quad-tree partition and PU pattern traversal in transcoding.Code-transferring method of the present invention, when bit rate and video quality loss very little, reduce computation complexity and the scramble time of coding greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the transcoding technology problem in field of picture communication between video encoding standard, especially relate to a kind of interframe code-transferring method between two kinds of high-performance video codings.
Background technology
H.264/AVC the video encoding standard of current main flow is, along with the development of the technology such as network and transmission channel, HD video becomes the main business of the current network storage and transmission gradually, H.264/AVC the piecemeal mechanism in standard can not obtain good coding efficiency, for this reason, Liang great International Organization for standardization ITU-T and ISO/IEC has set up Video coding integration and cooperation group JCT-VC specially, joint development International video coding standard of new generation: high-performance video coding (HEVC).This standard started to develop in October, 2010, so far formulated, compression ratio is compared H.264/AVC standard and is doubled, and keeps video quality substantially constant simultaneously, if HEVC standard is applied to actual video storage in a network and transmission, very large performance boost will be brought.But existing hundreds of millions of video resource, comprises the video of the forms such as AVI, MKV in current network, its data division is all adopt H.264/AVC standard.On the other hand, the video capture device of current main flow, comprises the equipment such as video camera, camera, smart mobile phone, network monitoring camera head, also mainly adopts H.264/AVC standard.In order to while HEVC standard is applied to the current network storage and transmission, the hundreds of millions of video resource storing in shared network and transmit can be continued, do not allow large quantities of video capture devices of the H.264/AVC standard of current main flow eliminate simultaneously yet, study and become inevitable from H.264/AVC standard to HEVC standard video format transcoding technology.
Inter prediction refers to and utilizes the temporal correlation of sequence image to carry out the method for compressed encoding to image.Because the similar portion of two adjacent two field pictures is a lot, therefore, inter prediction can obtain higher compression ratio, is the representative art of current Video coding.For the research comparative maturity of various video encoding standard transcoding issues in the past, Zhang Ning etc. as Tsing-Hua University defines Moving Picture Experts Group-2 and the block mode H.264/AVC between standard, the computational methods of the mutual information amount of motion vector and absolute difference sum (SAD), by adding up mutual information between the two to the characteristic information of current video, by the pattern in Moving Picture Experts Group-2, motion vector and SAD input grader, the best inter-frame forecast mode in current H.264/AVC standard code can be adjudicated, the method saves the computation complexity of coding significantly.The W.C.Siu of Hong Kong University of Science and Thchnology etc., by the correlation of residual block in B frame in deriving analysis DCT domain and P frame, propose a kind of method that B frame from Moving Picture Experts Group-2 is transcoded onto the P frame of H.264/AVC standard, this method reduce the computation complexity of transcoding.The J.Xin of electronics research laboratory of Mitsubishi etc. are when being transcoded onto the P frame of H.264/AVC standard from the B frame of Moving Picture Experts Group-2, and make use of the method that the distance in motion vector time domain is stretched, the method reduce further computation complexity.The Wang of Shanghai Communications University etc. utilize the local edge of the block that DCT domain coefficient obtains from Moving Picture Experts Group-2 to adjudicate the shape of interframe prediction block, 8 × 8 pieces are adjudicated, when horizontal nature is better than vertical, then be divided into 4 × 8, otherwise be judged to 8 × 4, this method reduce the computation complexity of inter-frame mode judgement in transcoding.
Above method completes the inter prediction work from Moving Picture Experts Group-2 to H.264/AVC standard transcoding all more effectively, but, H.264/AVC standard adopts 16 × 16, 16 × 8, 8 × 16, 8 × 8, 8 × 4, 4 × 8 and 4 × 4 equidimension blocks carry out inter prediction, HEVC standard then adopts 8 × 8, 16 × 16, the coding unit (CU) of 32 × 32 and 64 × 64 sizes first carries out piecemeal, then maximum 8 kinds of different predicting unit (PU) patterns are adopted to carry out inter prediction to each CU, 8 kinds of different PU patterns are respectively PART_2N × 2N, PART_N × 2N, PART_2N × N, PART_N × N, PART_nL × 2N, PART_nR × 2N, PAR_2N × nD, with PART_2N × nU.Therefore, and from Moving Picture Experts Group-2 to H.264/AVC standard transcoding is different, be change into bulk from fritter from H.264/AVC standard to the inter prediction of HEVC standard transcoding, the former turns fritter from bulk.Turn bulk by this new problem of bulk in the fritter composition HEVC standard that involves from H.264/AVC standard from fritter, on the other hand, HEVC standard have employed the coding mode of CU and PU being different from H.264/AVC standard completely.Therefore, not to be suitable for from H.264/AVC standard to the transcoding of HEVC standard from Moving Picture Experts Group-2 to the code-transferring method of H.264/AVC standard.And if directly by the H.264/AVC decoder of standard and the encoder cascade of HEVC standard, due to the full coding of HEVC standard will be carried out, comprise interframe, intraframe predictive coding, conversion, quantification, entropy code etc., computation complexity certainty is very high.To sum up, compare the inter-frame prediction techniques from Moving Picture Experts Group-2 to H.264/AVC standard transcoding, from H.264/AVC standard to the inter-frame prediction techniques of HEVC standard transcoding be a brand-new research work.
Summary of the invention
Along with the formulation of high-performance video coding standard (HEVC standard) completes, for H.264/AVC standard to the importance of the video format transcoding of HEVC standard, object of the present invention is intended to propose code-transferring method a kind of fast frame from H.264/AVC standard to HEVC standard, to reduce the computation complexity of inter-frame mode judgement in transcoding, reduce the scramble time of HEVC standard significantly.
From H.264/AVC standard to the interframe transcoding of HEVC standard, mainly comprise inter-frame information and extract and application, in inter-frame information extracts, relate generally to again block size and the skimble-scamble process of standard of two standard rooms.For the block size in video inter-prediction, in two kinds of situations, block size is comparatively large below, and one is all to liking geo-stationary in region, though two is there is motion, objects all in region has identical or very close motion vector.According to this rule, in conjunction with the structural relation of motion piecemeal in H.264/AVC standard and HEVC standard, inventor thinks, determines by the size of the various piecemeals H.264/AVC standard and motion vector MV thereof from H.264/AVC standard to the size of the inter prediction of HEVC standard transcoding.
Inventor analyses in depth and understanding based on above, starts with from the difference H.264/AVC between standard and HEVC standard, proposes code-transferring method a kind of fast frame from H.264/AVC standard to HEVC standard.Basic thought of the present invention utilizes the difference of two standards on the partitioned organization of inter prediction encoding, devise one " fritter group bulk " scheme, utilize the information such as the block size of H.264/AVC standard decoding end inter prediction, motion vector (MV), determine the CU size in HEVC standard coding side and PU predictive mode, in the process of transcoding, reach the object reducing inter-frame mode judgement computation complexity.
Code-transferring method the fast frame from H.264/AVC standard to HEVC standard that the present invention proposes, mainly comprises:
1) the H.264/AVC code stream of standard is placed in the decoder of H.264/AVC standard decodes, obtain the coordinate position in the numbering of each piecemeal place frame each two field picture, place frame, the predictive mode of piecemeal, motion piecemeal rule, the MV of piecemeal and reference frame from decoding end;
2) macroblock mode in each two field picture of H.264/AVC standard is directly corresponding with CU, PU unit in HEVC standard
(1) when the piecemeal in H.264/AVC standard is 16 × 16,16 × 8 and 8 × 16, the CU size in corresponding HEVC standard is that 16 × 16, PU pattern is respectively 2N × 2N, 2N × N and N × 2N;
(2) when the piecemeal in H.264/AVC standard is 8 × 8,8 × 4,4 × 8 and 4 × 4, the CU size in corresponding HEVC standard is that 8 × 8, PU pattern is respectively 2N × 2N, 2N × N, N × 2N and N × N;
3) the medium and small piecemeal of transcoding process forms large one-level piecemeal
First judge that whether four piecemeals adjacent in HEVC standard are the same frames of reference, and be all whether the piecemeal of 16 × 16, if meet this two conditions, then judge that whether the MV of these four piecemeals is close, if the MV of four piecemeals is close, then by the piecemeal of following same principle combinations Cheng Geng great one-level; The situation that described four piecemeal MV are close is:
In (1) 4 piecemeal, the difference of the MV of two piecemeals of every a line and two piecemeals of each row is all less than the MV difference θ of setting, then judge that CU size is 2N × 2N as 32 × 32, PU pattern;
(2) the MV difference of two piecemeals in the first row, the second row is not less than the MV difference θ of setting entirely, and the MV difference of two piecemeals in first row, secondary series is less than the fixed MV difference θ of design, then judge that CU size is N × 2N as 32 × 32, PU pattern;
(3) the MV difference of two piecemeals in the first row, the second row is less than the MV difference θ of setting, and the MV difference of two piecemeals in first row, secondary series is not less than the MV difference θ of setting entirely, then judge that CU size is 2N × N as 32 × 32, PU pattern;
The piecemeal not meeting above-mentioned judgment rule then keeps above-mentioned steps 2) in corresponding result;
4) Video coding under HEVC standard
By above step 3) the sub-CU size of maximum coding unit that obtains and the PU pattern information corresponding to sub-CU are for a maximum coding unit of HEVC standard of encoding, and above information is used for simplifying quad-tree partition process and the PU mode selection processes of this maximum coding unit.
In above-mentioned steps 4) in, step 3 due to above) size of sub-CU of maximum coding unit that obtains and the PU pattern corresponding to sub-CU determine all, therefore, when encoding the current LCU of HEVC standard, by these information of corresponding maximum coding unit neutron CU, the quad-tree partition of current LCU and the traversal of PU pattern can be simplified.Here be noted that, because maximum coding unit obtains based on the relevant information of inter prediction, do not comprise the relevant information of infra-frame prediction, therefore in order to prevent error diffusion, the PU pattern of the infra-frame prediction in regulation HEVC standard of the present invention can't be simplified, but to encode the PU pattern that must travel through as CU in HEVC standard.
In technique scheme of the present invention, the segmentation degree of depth for the coding unit CU in HEVC standard is 2 ~ 4, is preferably 4, preferentially takes further to comprise 0,1,2 and 3 four kind of segmentation degree of depth; Symmetrical predictive mode is preferentially adopted for the predicting unit PU in HEVC standard.
In technique scheme of the present invention, the infra-frame prediction PU pattern in HEVC standard is still all travel through.
Inventor uses method of the present invention, actual HEVC standard video sequence is utilized to test different motion vector difference, find when motion vector MV difference θ gets (4,4) time (coordinate unit is 1/4 pixel), after the transcoding obtained the CU size of HEVC standard video and PU pattern the highest with the similarity of the HEVC standard of usually encoding.Therefore, in technique scheme of the present invention, the MV difference θ of described setting is preferably (4,4).
In such scheme of the present invention, invention defines following test index:
Δ PSNR=PSNR
turn-PSNR
hEVC
Wherein, Bitrate
turnand Bitrate
hEVCrepresent code-transferring method of the present invention respectively and (full decoder is carried out to H.264/AVC standard code from H.264/AVC standard to the direct cascade video transcoding method of HEVC standard, entirely encode by HEVC standard again) under bit rate, Δ Bitrate represents that transcoding algorithm of the present invention compares the percentage reducing bit rate from H.264/AVC standard to the direct cascade video transcoding method of HEVC standard; PSNR
turnand PSNR
hEVCrepresent respectively under two kinds of modes Y-PSNR (PSNR), these performance index represent the objective quality of video, and Δ PSNR represents that transcoding algorithm of the present invention compares the video quality improved to the direct cascade video transcoding method of HEVC standard from H.264/AVC standard; Time
turnand Time
hEVCrepresent transcoding algorithm of the present invention respectively and from H.264/AVC standard to the overall scramble time of HEVC standard direct cascade video transcoding method, Δ Time represents that transcoding algorithm of the present invention compares the percentage increasing the scramble time from H.264/AVC standard to the direct cascade video transcoding method of HEVC standard.When keeping bit rate and PSNR is substantially constant, greatly the scramble time can be saved according to the algorithm that the present invention proposes.
The present invention researchs and analyses the difference of H.264/AVC inter prediction encoding module between standard and HEVC standard, and according to these differences, designs a kind of new interframe transcoding algorithm.First decode inserting in the decoder of H.264/AVC standard with the code stream that H.264/AVC standard coders encodes, the various information of piecemeal are extracted: the information such as size and MV comprising the predictive mode of each piecemeal, coordinate position, interframe prediction block in decode procedure, then the information these extracted is converted into by direct corresponding and mode such as " fritter group bulk " CU, PU information that HEVC standard encodes available, finally directly this CU, PU information is used in HEVC standard coding.Owing to there being CU, PU information determined, therefore in the cataloged procedure of HEVC standard, do not need the quad-tree partition of carrying out CU according to its original coded system, do not need to travel through all possible PU pattern under each CU degree of depth yet, and only need to calculate the PU pattern under the CU degree of depth of correspondence and intra prediction mode, thus save the computation complexity of CU quad-tree partition and PU pattern traversal in transcoding.Experimental result shows, code-transferring method of the present invention, when bit rate and video quality loss less, reduce the computation complexity of coding greatly.Table one, table two, table three in concrete effect example.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is interframe trans-coding system block diagram in transcoding process of the present invention;
Fig. 2 for form various symmetrical PU pattern in HEVC standard in transcoding process of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is HEVC standard coding LCU algorithm flow chart, and wherein 3-a is the flow process of the coding LCU of the direct cascade video transcoding method of HEVC standard; 3-b is that the present invention of HEVC standard encodes the flow process of LCU.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail; it is important to point out; following embodiment is only for the present invention is described further; limiting the scope of the invention can not be interpreted as; affiliated art skilled staff is according to foregoing invention content; some nonessential improvement are made to the present invention and adjustment is specifically implemented, still should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
From H.264/AVC standard is to the interframe transcoding of HEVC standard, adopt method of the present invention to carry out transcoding with the method for the direct cascade of employing and compare, comparison procedure is as follows:
1. open the program of two algorithms simultaneously and set identical configuration file, reference software selects HM9.0, and quantization step (QP) value gets 22,27,32,37 respectively.Method of the present invention and the H.264/AVC standard method to the direct cascade video code conversion of HEVC standard are compared, and to its three kinds of video coding performances: (wherein PSNR embodies the objective video quality of video for bit rate, Y-PSNR (PSNR) and video encoding time, video encoding time embodies the computation complexity of coding), compare analysis, the gap comparing performance is evaluated by following three indexs:
Δ PSNR=PSNR
turn-PSNR
hEVC
Wherein Bitrate
turn, PSNR
turnand Time
turnbe respectively the bit rate of algorithm of the present invention, PSNR and video encoding time, Bitrate
hEVC standard, PSNR
hEVC standardand Time
hEVC standardthe H.264/AVC standard of being respectively is to the bit rate of the direct cascade video transcoding method of HEVC standard, PSNR and video encoding time, and Δ Bitrate, Δ PSNR and Δ Time are respectively algorithm of the present invention and H.264/AVC arrive the difference of bit rate, PSNR and video encoding time between the direct cascade video transcoding method of HEVC standard.
2., in HEVC standard video coding technique, PU predictive mode can take symmetrical and asymmetrical integrated forecasting pattern, and also can only take symmetrical predictive mode, the present invention takes symmetrical predictive mode.
3. the object of coding is the HEVC standard test video of standard, their title, resolution and frame per second are respectively: Basketball-Drill (832 × 480,60 frames/second), PartyScene (832 × 480,60 frames/second), Fourpeople (1280 × 720,60 frames/second), Johnny (1280 × 720,60 frames/second), BQTerrance (1920 × 1080,50 frames/second) and Kimono1 (1920 × 1080,24 frames/second).
4. the video sequence that input 2 is identical;
5. respectively quick interframe encode and direct cascade transcoding are carried out to 2 identical video sequences;
6. utilize H.264/AVC standard video encoder JM18.2 under H.264/AVC standard mode, to carry out Video coding to video sequence, form H.264/AVC standard code stream;
7. pair H.264/AVC standard code stream decoding, obtains reconstruction video, then encodes to this reconstruction video HEVC standard mode, obtain the information such as bit rate, PSNR, scramble time of direct cascade code-transferring method;
8. pair H.264/AVC standard code stream decoding, obtain reconstruction video, in decode procedure, obtain the information such as piecemeal coordinate position, blocking information, MV simultaneously, the related algorithm of " fritter group bulk " is completed according to these information, the most H.264/AVC the blocking information that the decoding end of standard obtains is converted into the LCU information being applicable to HEVC standard coding with CU, PU form, then HEVC standard coding is carried out to reconstruction video, and LCU information is used in coding, directly calculate the corresponding PU pattern under corresponding CU.And do not need to travel through one by one all PU patterns under each CU degree of depth;
9. in algorithm of the present invention, CU split the degree of depth can get 2 ~ 4, but segmentation the degree of depth get larger, then the PU predictive mode skipped in the method will be more, reduce more Video coding computation complexity the most at last.Therefore, the CU segmentation degree of depth of the present invention gets 4.
10. the video sequence after two program difference output video codings and respective bit rate, PSNR value and total video encoding time, the result of above-mentioned 3 indexs is as shown in table 1-3, statistics display the inventive method on average rises 3.82% to the direct cascade code-transferring method of HEVC standard than from H.264/AVC standard in bit rate, 0.02-0.13dB is reduced in video quality PSNR value, average out to 0.07dB, on average reduces 88.02% in Video coding computation complexity.As a whole, the inventive method is compared with H.264/AVC standard to the direct cascade code-transferring method of HEVC standard, under video compression ratio (being embodied by bit rate decline degree) and the very little prerequisite of video quality loss, reduce the computation complexity (see table 1 ~ 3) of Video coding greatly.
Table 1 the inventive method and H.264/AVC the comparing of bit rate between standard to the direct cascade code-transferring method of HEVC standard
Table 2 the inventive method and H.264/AVC the comparing of PSNR value between standard to the direct cascade code-transferring method of HEVC standard
Table 3 the inventive method with H.264/AVC between standard to the direct cascade code-transferring method of HEVC standard video encoding time compare
Claims (10)
1., from H.264/AVC standard to a code-transferring method the fast frame of HEVC standard, it is characterized in that comprising:
1) the H.264/AVC code stream of standard is placed in the decoder of H.264/AVC standard decodes, obtain the coordinate position in the numbering of each piecemeal place frame each two field picture, place frame, the predictive mode of piecemeal, motion piecemeal rule, the motion vector of piecemeal and reference frame from decoding terminal;
2) macroblock mode in each two field picture of H.264/AVC standard is directly corresponding with the coding unit in HEVC standard, predicting unit:
(1) when the piecemeal in H.264/AVC standard is 16 × 16,16 × 8 and 8 × 16, the coding unit size in corresponding HEVC standard is 16 × 16, and predicting unit pattern is respectively 2N × 2N, 2N × N and N × 2N;
(2) when the piecemeal in H.264/AVC standard is 8 × 8,8 × 4,4 × 8 and 4 × 4, the coding unit size in corresponding HEVC standard is 8 × 8, and predicting unit pattern is respectively 2N × 2N, 2N × N, N × 2N and N × N;
3) the medium and small piecemeal of transcoding process forms large one-level piecemeal
First judge that whether four piecemeals adjacent in HEVC standard are the same frames of reference, and be all whether the piecemeal of 16 × 16, if meet this two conditions, then judge that whether the motion vector of these four piecemeals is close, if the motion vector of four piecemeals is close, then by the piecemeal of following same principle combinations Cheng Geng great one-level; The situation that described four points of block motion vectors are close is:
In (1) 4 piecemeal, the difference of the motion vector of two piecemeals of every a line and two piecemeals of each row is all less than the motion vector difference θ of setting, then judge that coding unit size is as 32 × 32, predicting unit pattern is 2N × 2N;
(2) motion vector difference of two piecemeals in the first row, the second row is not less than the motion vector difference θ of setting entirely, the motion vector difference of two piecemeals in first row, secondary series is less than the fixed motion vector difference θ of design, then judge that coding unit size is as 32 × 32, predicting unit pattern is N × 2N;
(3) motion vector difference of two piecemeals in the first row, the second row is less than the motion vector difference θ of setting, the motion vector difference of two piecemeals in first row, secondary series is not less than the motion vector difference θ of setting entirely, then judge that coding unit size is as 32 × 32, predicting unit pattern is 2N × N;
The piecemeal not meeting above-mentioned judgment rule then keeps above-mentioned steps 2) in corresponding result;
4) Video coding under HEVC standard
By above step 3) the sub-coding unit size of maximum coding unit that obtains and the predicting unit pattern information corresponding to sub-coding unit are for a maximum coding unit of HEVC standard of encoding, and above information is used for simplifying quad-tree partition process and the predicting unit mode selection processes of this maximum coding unit.
2., as claimed in claim 1 from H.264/AVC standard to code-transferring method the fast frame of HEVC standard, it is characterized in that the segmentation degree of depth of the coding unit in HEVC standard is 2 ~ 4.
3., as claimed in claim 2 from H.264/AVC standard to code-transferring method the fast frame of HEVC standard, it is characterized in that the degree of depth that is divided into of the coding unit in HEVC standard is 4.
4. code-transferring method the fast frame from H.264/AVC standard to HEVC standard as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that the predicting unit in HEVC standard adopts symmetrical predictive mode.
5. code-transferring method the fast frame from H.264/AVC standard to HEVC standard as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that the intraprediction unit pattern in HEVC standard all travels through.
6., as claimed in claim 4 from H.264/AVC standard to code-transferring method the fast frame of HEVC standard, it is characterized in that the intraprediction unit pattern in HEVC standard all travels through.
7. code-transferring method the fast frame from H.264/AVC standard to HEVC standard as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that the described motion vector difference θ set is as (4,4), the unit of coordinate is 1/4 pixel.
8., as claimed in claim 4 from H.264/AVC standard to code-transferring method the fast frame of HEVC standard, it is characterized in that the described motion vector difference θ set is as (4,4), the unit of coordinate is 1/4 pixel.
9., as claimed in claim 5 from H.264/AVC standard to code-transferring method the fast frame of HEVC standard, it is characterized in that the described motion vector difference θ set is as (4,4), the unit of coordinate is 1/4 pixel.
10., as claimed in claim 6 from H.264/AVC standard to code-transferring method the fast frame of HEVC standard, it is characterized in that the described motion vector difference θ set is as (4,4), the unit of coordinate is 1/4 pixel.
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