CN102886648B - Method and fixture for machining railway vehicle roof locking device - Google Patents
Method and fixture for machining railway vehicle roof locking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102886648B CN102886648B CN201210367245.9A CN201210367245A CN102886648B CN 102886648 B CN102886648 B CN 102886648B CN 201210367245 A CN201210367245 A CN 201210367245A CN 102886648 B CN102886648 B CN 102886648B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a fixture for machining a railway vehicle roof locking device. The method comprises the following steps of: welding a locking device on a roof assembly; pressing the roof assembly on a machining center platform by virtue of the fixture, and defining the degree of freedom of moving the roof assembly along the Z-axis direction and the degree of freedom of moving the roof assembly around the Z-axis direction by virtue of the fixture; mounting a measuring head on the spindle of the machining center, measuring a zero point coordinate of a coordinate system of the roof assembly through the measuring head, and adjusting a programming coordinate system of the machining center, so that a zero point coordinate of the machining center is consistent with that of the coordinate system of the roof assembly; and finishing machining of the mounting surface and mounting hole of the locking device through the machining center. According to the technical scheme, the locking device is machined after the roof is welded, the roof is pressed on the machining center platform by virtue of the fixture, and the machining of all locking devices is finished by utilizing the one-step positioning of the machining center, the precision is high, special machining equipment is not required to be manufactured, and the cost is saved; and moreover, the manual labor is reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Machining Technology, especially a kind of processing method and frock of rail vehicle roof locking device.
Background technology
For ensureing the high-speed smooth operation of speed per hour at the above EMUs of 300KM/H, conventionally on roof composition, increase aerodynamics external member roof entirety kuppe, for reducing the air drag of vehicle in the time of high-speed cruising, ensure EMUs traveling comfort, and reduce noise in car.
Roof kuppe is arranged on the locking device being distributed on car body roof, for ensureing kuppe installation accuracy, locking device has been proposed to very high processing request.As shown in Figure 1, with the locking device 4 that is positioned at air-conditioning frame machining area C, kuppe is installed by being positioned at flat-top machining area A.Because the locking device in flat-top machining area A is more concentrated respectively, diameter range is roughly in 2m to 3m, locking device in air-conditioning frame machining area C is symmetrical distribution, be positioned at the distribution of left field and right side area internal locking device also at 2m, as shown in Figure 4, the procedure of processing of prior art is as follows:
Step S1: the each parts of welding roof complete the assembly welding of roof composition;
Step S2: welding and locking device in flat-top machining area A and air-conditioning frame machining area C on roof composition;
Step S3: the assembly welding that completes car body at roof composition both sides welding side wall;
Step S4: the whole car body of adjusting makes the each portion of car body meet installation requirement;
Step S5: processing locking device installed surface and installing hole;
Step S6: roof stream guidance fan housing is installed on locking device.
Prior art adopts special processing equipment to process locking device, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, a set of frock 5 is set conventionally, again process equipment 6 is arranged in frock 5 and forms integrative-structure, by frock 5, process equipment 6 is fixed on car body flat-top 3 or on air-conditioning frame 2, as shown in Figure 1, process equipment 6 rigidity ride on the main frame of frock 5, on main frame, pass through guide rails assembling movable beam 7, drive motors 9 and fixed cutting tool are installed on main shaft 8, are used for milling processing locking device plane and bore hole milling requirement; Process equipment 5 relies on four jiaos of bases 10 to be positioned on roof composition, locking device in air-conditioning frame machining area C needs left field and right side machining area to process at twice just and can complete, and the locking device of adding in flat-top machining area A needs processing ability completing steps S5 altogether at least three times.
In prior art, the procedure of processing S5 of locking device carries out after the step S4 of car body welding completes, in whole process, rely on the intensity of car body to support process equipment, easily make car body produce distortion, and process is that subregion processes respectively, regional needs to set up separately zero point, processing, does not process as benchmark taking same zero point separately, is difficult to ensure machining accuracy.
In addition, in order further to improve roof structure, installation function parts on whole perforation car body dome 1, optimize the performance of car body, need to carry out milling with 11 locking devices that are positioned at dome machining area B to 12 locking devices that are positioned at flat-top machining area A, bore, boring processing, dome machining area B along length over ends of body direction distance at 8m to 10m, while adopting the locking device in existing process equipment processing dome machining area B, at least need on car body, move and just can complete for twice, while re-moving frock, all can change benchmark at zero point at every turn, if the center of roof is defined as to the initial point of coordinate system, the locking device of each side has the space coordinates that oneself is different from other locking device so, as shown in Figure 1, because the cross section of car body dome 1 is irregular roundness arc surface, so these locking devices are spatially irregular distribution, be difficult to ensure each locking device relative altitude difference, and then affect car body performance.
Existing equipment is owing to being on roof, kuppe locking device to be processed after bodywork assembly, this special processing equipment subregion processing, be subject to roof bearing load, machining area space and special processing equipment need the impact of the factors such as frequent lifting, the gross weight of this special processing equipment, dimensions etc. are subject to certain limitation, therefore, for the locking device in dome machining area B owing to being distributed on elongated roof, machining area span is larger, processing request is high, if subregion processing, be difficult to meet drawing processing request, if entirety processing, be difficult to again to manufacture special processing equipment and meet the processing request of dome machining area B.
There is following shortcoming in prior art: due to Whole Equipment insufficient rigidity, when special processing equipment design, can only adopt low-power machine to drive, be difficult to realize High-speed machining man-hour adding, stock-removing efficiency is relatively low, each guide moving velocity is relatively slow, add man-hour centering and still adopt traditional aligning method, efficiency is low; Because there is higher flatness requirement on locking device surface, subregion processes separately, is difficult to the definitely degree that reaches same in all locking device crudies on roof, and equipment handling frequently, and equipment machining accuracy is difficult to ensure, fault rate is also higher; This processing method need pass through car body measurement, records of values, lifting appliance and electrical control cabinet etc., measure the operations such as inspection, and this has not only proposed very high requirement in staffing, and has greatly increased labour intensity; This special processing equipment is only suitable for the processing of flat-top region locking device and air-conditioning frame region locking device, and along with its installation and positioning structure of upgrading of vehicle changes, this equipment can not meet the processing of all car body vehicle locking devices.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of processing method and frock of rail vehicle roof locking device, be used for overcoming defect of the prior art, realize the accurate processing that one-time positioning completes the locking device to widely dispersed on roof, and reduced hand labor, working (machining) efficiency is provided, has saved processing cost.
The processing method that the invention provides a kind of rail vehicle roof locking device, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: flat-top machining area and dome machining area weld multiple locking devices according to precalculated position on roof composition;
Step 2: by the frock being arranged on machining center platform, the roof composition that is welded with locking device is fitted on machining center platform, roof is formed to the free degree moving along Z-direction to this frock and the free degree of rotating around Z-direction all given restriction;
Step 3: gauge head is installed on work in-process heart main shaft and by this gauge head, the coordinate at zero point of roof composition coordinate system is measured, the programming coordinates system that adjusts machining center make programming coordinates be zero point coordinate consistent with the coordinate at zero point that roof forms coordinate system;
Step 4: complete the processing of locking device installed surface and installing hole by machining center.
Technical scheme provided by the invention, after roof composition has welded, the locking device of its end face is processed, by a set of frock, roof composition is fitted on machining center platform, utilize machining center to be once installed and located the processing to all locking devices on roof, prior art precision is higher relatively, do not need to make special processing equipment, saved processing cost; Do not need special processing equipment repeatedly to lift, locate, greatly save hand labor, greatly improved working (machining) efficiency.
The present invention also provides a kind of frock of rail vehicle roof locking device processing, and this frock comprises that at least one is for supporting flat-top supporting traverse, at least one lateral register piece and vertical locating piece for supporting the dome supporting traverse of car body dome inwall, coordinating the flat-top for pressing truck bodies flat-top outer wall to press card device, coordinate the dome for pressing truck bodies dome outer wall to press card device, form for lateral register roof with dome supporting traverse with flat-top supporting traverse of car body flat-top inwall; Flat-top supporting traverse and dome supporting traverse bottom are installed on machining center platform, and top all has the supporting surface coordinating with roof inwall; Flat-top presses card device and dome to press card device bottom to be installed on machining center platform, and top all has with roof outer wall and coordinates pressure head; Lateral register piece and vertical locating piece top all have the contact-making surface coordinating with roof composition both sides.
Frock provided by the invention, press being used in conjunction with of card device and press the realization that is used in conjunction with of card device roof is formed to the free degree moving along Z-direction to limit by dome supporting traverse and dome by flat-top supporting traverse and flat-top, realize by being used in conjunction with of lateral register piece and vertical locating piece the restriction that forms the free degree of rotating around Z-direction for roof, roof composition can be fixed and is supported on machining center platform by frock of the present invention, realize and complete the processing to roof upper locking device by existing large-sized processing equipment, save the making of special processing equipment, greatly save processing cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the distribution schematic diagram of locking device at roof;
Fig. 2 is the stereogram of prior art special processing equipment;
Fig. 3 is the front view of prior art special processing equipment;
Fig. 4 is the process chart of prior art;
Fig. 5 is the process chart of embodiment provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is the structure chart that in Fig. 5, steps A 1 completes;
Fig. 7 is the floor plan on flat-top supporting traverse and dome supporting traverse work in-process heart platform;
Fig. 8 is dome supporting base, lateral register piece and the vertical locating piece support schematic diagram to roof composition;
Fig. 9 is that flat-top supporting base, dome supporting base, flat-top pressure card device and dome are pressed the layout schematic diagram on card device work in-process heart platform;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of flat-top supporting traverse;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of dome supporting traverse.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, shown in Figure 5, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of processing method of rail vehicle roof locking device, comprises the following steps:
Steps A 1: flat-top machining area A and dome machining area B weld multiple locking devices 4 according to precalculated position on roof composition 11; The sectional view of the roof composition that this step completes is referring to Fig. 6;
Steps A 2: by the frock being arranged on machining center platform 61, the roof composition that is welded with locking device is fitted on machining center platform 61, roof is formed to the free degree moving along Z-direction to this frock and the free degree of rotating around Z-direction all given restriction; Referring to Fig. 7;
Steps A 3: gauge head is installed on work in-process heart main shaft and by this gauge head, the coordinate at zero point of roof composition coordinate system is carried out to centering, the programming coordinates system that adjusts machining center make programming coordinates be zero point coordinate consistent with the coordinate at zero point that roof forms coordinate system;
Steps A 4: processing locking device installed surface and installing hole;
Before step 1, carry out:
Steps A 01: the each parts of welding roof complete the assembly welding of roof composition;
After steps A 4, carry out:
Steps A 5: the assembly welding that completes car body at roof composition both sides welding side wall;
Steps A 6: the whole car body of adjusting makes the each portion of car body meet installation requirement;
Steps A 7: on the locking device in flat-top machining area, stream guidance fan housing is installed, installation function parts on the locking device in dome machining area.
Technical scheme provided by the invention, after roof composition has welded, the locking device of its end face is processed, by a set of frock, roof composition is fitted on machining center platform, utilize machining center to be once installed and located the processing to all locking devices on roof, prior art after whole car body has welded again the locking device to its end face process, be subject to installing space restriction can not utilize machining center, must make special processing equipment carries out subregion multiple bearing to the locking device on roof and completes processing, the relative prior art one-time positioning processing of technical scheme of the present invention, precision is higher, can meet the required precision of each locking device installed surface Z-direction difference in height and the required precision of installing hole centre-to-centre spacing, only make a set of frock, do not need to make special processing equipment, saved processing cost, do not need special processing equipment repeatedly to lift, locate, greatly save hand labor, greatly improved working (machining) efficiency.
As the preferred embodiment of above-described embodiment, steps A 2 comprises:
Steps A 21: at least one flat-top supporting traverse 51 and at least one dome supporting traverse 52 are fixed on machining center platform 61 along roof composition length direction interval; On work in-process heart platform 61, fix respectively at least one lateral register piece 33 and at least one vertical locating piece 34; Referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 8;
Steps A 22: flat-top is installed respectively on the machining center platform at flat-top supporting traverse 51 two ends and is pressed card device 53, dome is installed respectively on the machining center platform at dome supporting traverse 53 two ends and is pressed card device 54; Referring to Fig. 8, Fig. 9;
Steps A 23: the roof composition 11 that is welded with locking device is lifted to flat-top supporting traverse 51 and on dome supporting traverse 52, the flat-top supporting base 51 ' at flat-top supporting traverse 51 two ends forms and supports the flat-top inwall of roof composition, and the dome supporting base 52 ' at dome supporting traverse 52 two ends forms and supports with the dome inwall of roof composition; And make under roof composition both sides along being respectively seated on lateral register piece 33 and vertical locating piece 34; Referring to Fig. 8-11;
Wherein, on flat-top supporting base 51 ', there is the planar support surface 51a contacting with flat-top inwall, on dome supporting base 52 ', have the first cambered surface supporting surface 52a and the second cambered surface supporting surface 52b, wherein the first cambered surface supporting surface 52a or the second cambered surface supporting surface 52b contact with dome inwall.
Lateral register piece 33 and vertical locating piece 34 tops all have a contact-making surface, wherein the contact-making surface on vertical locating piece 34 is one for forming with roof the first horizontal plane 31 contacting along bottom surface under a side, the contact-making surface on lateral register piece 33 be one for the second horizontal plane 32 and contacting along bottom surface under roof composition opposite side for forming the vertical plane 35 along contacts side surfaces under this side with roof.
Steps A 24: lateral register piece 33 and vertical locating piece 34 are locked respectively to the free degree of rotating around Z-direction to limit roof composition with two sides of roof composition; Press card device 53 to be pressed on the flat-top outer wall of roof composition on flat-top, press card device 54 to be pressed on the dome outer wall of roof composition dome, form to limit roof the free degree moving along Z-direction.
Flat-top is pressed card device and dome to press card device all to have bottom and is arranged on the inverted L-shaped pressure arm 50 on machining center platform, flat-top presses the inverted L-shaped pressure arm top of card device that the vertical head 53 ' for being installed with flat-top outer wall is installed, dome presses the inverted L-shaped pressure arm top of card device that the oblique pressure head 54 ' for being installed with dome outer wall is installed, referring to Fig. 8, Fig. 9;
Steps A 3 comprises:
Steps A 31: the measurement by Renishaw Probes to adjust roof composition bottom surface parallel with machining center workbench;
Steps A 32: with air-conditioning frame center and flat-top end roof composition coordinate system X-axis coordinate at zero point, roof composition coordinate system Y-axis coordinate at zero point is got air-conditioning frame center and is arrived the mean value in flat-top C type groove center stove, and the Z axis peak of getting the dome cross section at X-axis, Y-axis coordinate at zero point place is roof composition coordinate system Z axis coordinate at zero point; Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 8;
Steps A 33: measure roof face Z axis peak coordinate and Z axis nadir coordinate that locking device is installed by Renishaw Probes;
Steps A 34: by a quasicompensation of Z axis peak coordinate in steps A 33 and Z axis nadir coordinate difference to roof composition coordinate system Z axis coordinate at zero point in steps A 32; The final coordinate at zero point of determining roof composition coordinate system;
Steps A 35: the programming coordinates system that adjusts machining center make programming coordinates be zero point coordinate consistent with the coordinate at zero point that roof forms coordinate system.
The present invention also provides a kind of frock of rail vehicle roof locking device processing, as shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, this frock comprises that at least one is for supporting flat-top supporting traverse 51, at least one lateral register piece 33 and vertical locating piece 34 for supporting the dome supporting traverse 52 of car body dome inwall, coordinating the flat-top for pressing truck bodies flat-top outer wall to press card device 53, coordinate the dome for pressing truck bodies dome outer wall to press card device 54, form for lateral register roof with dome supporting traverse 52 with flat-top supporting traverse 51 of car body flat-top inwall; Flat-top supporting traverse 51 and dome supporting traverse 52 bottoms are installed on machining center platform 61, and top all has the supporting surface coordinating with roof inwall; Flat-top presses card device 53 and dome to press card device 54 bottoms to be installed on machining center platform, and top all has with roof outer wall and coordinates pressure head; Lateral register piece 33 and vertical locating piece 34 tops all have the contact-making surface coordinating with roof composition both sides.The building block of this frock is the structure of above-mentioned any embodiment.
Frock provided by the invention, press being used in conjunction with of card device and press the realization that is used in conjunction with of card device roof is formed to the free degree moving along Z-direction to limit by dome supporting traverse and dome by flat-top supporting traverse and flat-top, realize by being used in conjunction with of lateral register piece and vertical locating piece the restriction that forms the free degree of rotating around Z-direction for roof, roof composition can be fixed and is supported on machining center platform by frock of the present invention, realize and complete the processing to roof upper locking device by existing large-sized processing equipment, save the making of special processing equipment, greatly save processing cost.
Below the concrete structure of frock is described:
This roof Special processing tooling has utilized the fixture cross beam on former 60M/FOOKE machining center to transform, make bracing or strutting arrangement and comprised flat-top supporting seat and dome supporting base, press card device to comprise flat-top pressure card device and dome pressure card device, lateral positioning device and vertical positioner etc., frock in this programme comprises flat-top supporting traverse 51, dome supporting traverse 52, flat-top is pressed card device 53, dome is pressed card device 54, lateral register piece 33 and vertical location 34, wherein flat-top supporting traverse forms by machining center fixture cross beam and the symmetrical two flat-top supporting bases 53 that are arranged on this fixture cross beam, dome supporting traverse forms by machining center fixture cross beam and the symmetrical dome supporting base 54 being arranged on this fixture cross beam, concrete structure is described below:
Tool structure in this programme adopts nine groups of crossbeams, what wherein process for dome position is seven groups, Fig. 7 right side crossbeam, dome supporting base is installed on the crossbeam of seven groups, right side and is formed dome supporting traverse, in the time of the vehicle of processing belt flat-top, add two groups, left side totally nine groups of crossbeams, left side is flat-top supporting base to be installed on two groups of crossbeams form flat-top supporting traverse; Crossbeam can need to move to diverse location according to different automobile types processing.
If processing roof is elongated dome, adopt seven groups of dome supporting traverses to support, dome presses the inverted L-shaped pressure arm 50 of card device by the oblique pressure card of oblique pressure head 54 ', pressure arm is perpendicular to pressing card dome cambered surface, as shown in Figure 8, each crossbeam is bascule, according to the spacing between different automobile types capable of regulating crossbeam;
If except processing the also vehicle of subsidiary processing belt flat-top that above-mentioned roof is dome, adopt nine groups of cross beam supports, flat-top presses the inverted L-shaped pressure arm 50 of card device by the vertical card flat top surface of pressing of vertical pressure head 53 ', and as shown in Figure 9, all the other dome place crossbeams are identical with said structure;
Supporting seat on dome supporting traverse adopts polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material to make, work in-process machines according to dome cross section in the heart, from Fig. 8, Fig. 9, each supporting seat adopts two supporting surfaces, this is because roof is after welded attachment completes, and after adjusting, cross section profile degree tolerance is ± 3mm, adopts two supporting surfaces can ensure that the same sectional position of roof always has a position to support at this place, can not exist frock to support hanging structure, this structure is conducive to processing more;
Side direction on the crossbeam of roof one side installation side to locating piece 33, on lateral register piece 33, there is the step that horizontal plane 32 and vertical plane 35 form, as shown in Figure 8, with the lower edge of dome one side as lateral register, simultaneously also can be to the monolateral short transverse of side direction location, prevent the rotation of roof around Z-direction, can prevent that so just not cause milling plane to add man-hour flatness bad due to clamping; Vertical locating piece 34 is installed on the crossbeam of the another side of roof, is supported the lower edge of dome opposite side, prevent that roof from deflecting.
Adopt above-mentioned Special processing tooling and 60M/FOOKE type five axle machining centers to carry out entirety processing to the locking device on roof composition.This equipment has two workbench positions, and handle of a knife adopts HSK100A type, and tool magazine can hold 14 cutter; And be equipped with Reinshaw probe, adopt Siemens 840D operating system;
Below the clamping process of roof composition is described:
First, roof is formed with two overhead traveling crane handlings to frock top, slowly be placed in dome supporting seat peace topmast bearing, lateral register one side pulls a cart to push up with two people simultaneously, the vertical plane of roof side and lateral register piece contact-making surface is close to, slowly put down roof, make to contact completely with the horizontal plane of locating piece contact-making surface along bottom surface under roof;
Secondly, suitably the hold down gag of holddown belt lateral register one side, then compresses opposite side hold down gag, makes under opposite side roof along the vertical locating piece contact-making surface of contact; Thrust is not too big, because cutting output is little, utilizes the deadweight of workpiece itself, is in addition to prevent the excessive stress release causing after processing of thrust, thereby is out of shape because stress release workpiece produces after causing workpiece processing.This step object is that the pressure in order to keep roof composition to add man-hour is pressed from both sides state substantially and the complete later state consistency of adjusting, the deflection that stress release produces after locking device machines is like this very little, thereby ensures the integral position precision of roof after bodywork assembly.
Below measurement, the centering process of roof composition are described:
First, carry out machining center process of measurement, measure and adjust roof composition bottom surface with Renishaw Probes and be parallel to workbench;
Secondly, return the car body center X-axis coordinate at zero point of roof composition with air-conditioning frame center and flat-top end, the deviate of reality processing can be compensated to X-axis coordinate at zero point like this, Y-axis coordinate at zero point is got the mean value of air-conditioning frame center to flat-top C type groove center distance, the Z axis peak that Z axis is got the dome cross section at X axis, Y-axis coordinate at zero point place is Z axis coordinate at zero point, here suppose that roof composition zero point of reference frame coordinate is (X, Y, Z);
Finally, measure the Z axis numerical value of dome place and locking device present position, flat-top place by Renishaw Probes, taking same cross section as one batch total calculate, position, dome place is 11 groups, position, flat-top place is four groups, surveyed height value (Z value deviation) data are stored in R parameter, big or small to the larger interlude of surveyed data utilization, the poor Z of computed altitude
0and mean value Z
0/ 2, difference in height size directly reflects the bottom outlet margin value of locking device installation nipple, Z
0if overproof, make locking device to be bored thoroughly after boring, injure mother metal, therefore must ensure difference in height Z
0within allowable tolerance, can adjust by roof adjusting and frock Support Position, if difference in height Z
0within the margin of tolerance, by Z
0/ 2 as Z-direction zero compensation, coordinate system Z-direction coordinate at zero point is compensated, and the roof composition zero point of reference frame coordinate after compensation is { X, Y, (Z+Z
0/ 2) }, make locking device milling plane processing even thickness later.
Below milling flat, boring, the hole milling process of roof composition upper locking device are described:
According to milling flat procedure milling locking device plane, adopt the milling cutter processing that diameter is 100mm, allowance is 8mm left and right, divide three cuttves to machine, process rotating speed S=10050r/min according to cutting-in 4mm, 3mm, 1mm, feeding F=2500mm/min, when roughing, feeding multiplying power suitably reduces, and when 1mm feeding precision-machined surface, carries out by 100%, and locking device surface roughness is better).
Locking device hole processing diameter is 15mm, boring is deeply 26mm, flat-top place hole drill is 30mm deeply, in order to M12 nipple to be installed, therefore hole processing technology is selected the processing technology of milling after subdrilling, object is: locking device is to rule according to roof center, after relying on model to rule a group by a group, weld, position of related features is ± 2mm, therefore there is certain deviation in its physical location and theoretical position, in order to make, machining hole is partially not too many in the position of locking device, therefore again carries out zero migration for the hole of skew, then Milling Process hole.The few cases need adopt this technique to carry out hole site compensation, and normal condition is directly carried out boring, hole milling procedure, and this is the reason that does not directly adopt ∮ 15 drill bit time processing to put in place.
Technique is as follows: adopt ∮ 11.1 drill bits first to hole, hole depth is 26mm, according to locking device Tolerance of Degree of position be ± 2mm, after adopting ∮ 11.1 drill bits first to hole, residue adjustment amount is: ⊿ X=(15-11.1)/2=1.95mm, therefore, after indivedual locking device welding, occur can suitably adjust after larger skew, adjustment amount ≤ ⊿ X, after boring, check whether all locking devices have hole site to occur to be offset, if be offset more, use vernier caliper measurement side-play amount, according to side-play amount to compensating zero point, carry out again hole milling processing, hole milling processing adopts the processing of ∮ 12mm milling cutter, owing to being deep hole machining, adopt layering processing method, being divided into two cuttves machines, can in fabrication cycles, set.If hole site is not inclined to one side, directly carry out hole milling procedure, complete hole processing.
By the redesign to processing tool, utilize general Large Machining Center equipment processing roof composition locking device, processing highly versatile, can meet the processing of the locking devices such as other platform vehicle type car body kuppes.Adopt large-scale five-axis NC machine center High-speed machining to substitute traditional Milling Process, improve 2～3 times of working (machining) efficiencies, improved locking device machined surface quality, and reduced operator's labour intensity.Adopt unskilled labor assembling structure, utilize existing large-sized processing equipment production capacity, greatly saved frock and equipment cost, adopt this processing scheme, transformation frock cost only needs several ten thousand yuan, needs more than 1,000,000 yuan and make special processing equipment, and escapable cost is more than 1,000,000 yuan.If production capacity demand is large, the words of many special processing equipments of demand can be saved millions of units.
Technical scheme provided by the invention, after roof composition has welded, the locking device of its end face is processed, by a set of frock, roof composition is fitted on machining center platform, utilize machining center to be once installed and located the processing to all locking devices on roof, prior art after whole car body has welded again the locking device to its end face process, be subject to installing space restriction can not utilize machining center to process locking device, must make special processing equipment carries out subregion multiple bearing to the locking device on roof and completes processing, the relative prior art one-time positioning processing of technical scheme of the present invention, precision is higher, can meet the required precision of each locking device installed surface Z-direction difference in height and the required precision of installing hole centre-to-centre spacing, only make a set of frock, do not need to make special processing equipment, saved processing cost, do not need special processing equipment repeatedly to lift, locate, greatly save hand labor, greatly improved working (machining) efficiency.
Finally it should be noted that: above each embodiment, only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to aforementioned each embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or some or all of technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement; And these amendments or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a processing method for rail vehicle roof locking device, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: flat-top machining area and dome machining area weld multiple locking devices according to precalculated position on roof composition;
Step 2: by the frock being arranged on machining center platform, the roof composition that is welded with locking device is fitted on machining center platform, roof is formed to the free degree moving along Z-direction to this frock and the free degree of rotating around Z-direction all given restriction;
Step 3: gauge head is installed on work in-process heart main shaft and by this gauge head, the coordinate at zero point of roof composition coordinate system is measured, the programming coordinates system that adjusts machining center make programming coordinates be zero point coordinate consistent with the coordinate at zero point that roof forms coordinate system;
Step 4: complete the processing of locking device installed surface and installing hole by machining center.
2. the processing method of rail vehicle roof locking device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 2 comprises:
Step 21: at least one flat-top supporting traverse and at least one dome supporting traverse are fixed on machining center platform along roof composition length direction interval; On work in-process heart platform, fix respectively at least one lateral register piece and at least one vertical locating piece;
Step 22: flat-top is installed respectively on the machining center platform at flat-top supporting traverse two ends and is pressed card device, dome is installed respectively on the machining center platform at dome supporting traverse two ends and is pressed card device;
Step 23: the roof composition that is welded with locking device is lifted to flat-top supporting traverse and on dome supporting traverse, the flat-top supporting base at flat-top supporting traverse two ends forms and supports the flat-top inwall of roof composition, and the dome inwall of the dome supporting base at dome supporting traverse two ends and roof composition forms and supports; And roof composition dual-side is respectively seated on lateral register piece and vertical locating piece;
Step 24: described lateral register piece and vertical locating piece are locked respectively to the free degree of rotating around Z-direction to limit roof composition with two sides of roof composition; Press card device to be pressed on the flat-top outer wall of roof composition on flat-top, press card device to be pressed on the dome outer wall of roof composition dome, form to limit roof the free degree moving along Z-direction.
3. the processing method of rail vehicle roof locking device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, on described flat-top supporting base, there is the planar support surface contacting with flat-top inwall, on described dome supporting base, there are two cambered surface supporting surfaces, wherein have at least a cambered surface supporting surface to contact with dome inwall.
4. the processing method of rail vehicle roof locking device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, flat-top is pressed card device and dome to press card device all to have bottom and is arranged on the inverted L-shaped pressure arm on machining center platform, flat-top presses the inverted L-shaped pressure arm top of card device that the vertical head for being installed with flat-top outer wall is installed, and dome presses the inverted L-shaped pressure arm top of card device that the oblique pressure head for being installed with dome outer wall is installed.
5. the processing method of rail vehicle roof locking device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described lateral register piece and vertical locating piece top all have a contact-making surface, contact-making surface on wherein said vertical locating piece is one for forming with roof the horizontal plane contacting along bottom surface under a side, the contact-making surface on described lateral register piece be one for the horizontal plane and contacting along bottom surface under roof composition opposite side for forming the vertical plane along contacts side surfaces under this side with roof.
6. according to the processing method of the arbitrary described rail vehicle roof locking device of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described step 3 comprises:
Step 31: the measurement by Renishaw Probes to adjust roof composition bottom surface parallel with machining center workbench;
Step 32: with air-conditioning frame center and flat-top end roof composition coordinate system X-axis coordinate at zero point, roof composition coordinate system Y-axis coordinate at zero point is got air-conditioning frame center and is arrived the mean value in flat-top C type groove center stove, and the Z axis peak of getting the dome cross section at X-axis, Y-axis coordinate at zero point place is roof composition coordinate system Z axis coordinate at zero point;
Step 33: measure roof face Z axis peak coordinate and Z axis nadir coordinate that locking device is installed by Renishaw Probes;
Step 34: by a quasicompensation of Z axis peak coordinate in step 33 and Z axis nadir coordinate difference to roof composition coordinate system Z axis coordinate at zero point in step 32; The final coordinate at zero point of determining roof composition coordinate system;
Step 35: the programming coordinates system that adjusts machining center make programming coordinates be zero point coordinate consistent with the coordinate at zero point that roof forms coordinate system.
7. the frock of a rail vehicle roof locking device processing, it is characterized in that, this frock comprises that at least one is for supporting flat-top supporting traverse, at least one lateral register piece and vertical locating piece for supporting the dome supporting traverse of car body dome inwall, coordinating the flat-top for pressing truck bodies flat-top outer wall to press card device, coordinate the dome for pressing truck bodies dome outer wall to press card device, form for lateral register roof with dome supporting traverse with flat-top supporting traverse of car body flat-top inwall; Flat-top supporting traverse and dome supporting traverse bottom are installed on machining center platform, and top all has the supporting surface coordinating with roof inwall; Flat-top presses card device and dome to press card device bottom to be installed on machining center platform, and top all has with roof outer wall and coordinates pressure head; Lateral register piece and vertical locating piece top all have the contact-making surface coordinating with roof composition both sides.
8. the frock of rail vehicle roof locking device processing according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, on flat-top supporting base, there is the planar support surface contacting with flat-top inwall, on dome supporting base, there are two cambered surface supporting surfaces, wherein have at least a cambered surface supporting surface to contact with dome inwall.
9. according to the frock of the rail vehicle roof locking device processing described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, flat-top is pressed card device and dome to press card device all to have bottom and is arranged on the inverted L-shaped pressure arm on machining center platform, flat-top presses the inverted L-shaped pressure arm top of card device that the vertical head for being installed with flat-top outer wall is installed, and dome presses the inverted L-shaped pressure arm top of card device that the oblique pressure head for being installed with dome outer wall is installed.
10. the frock of rail vehicle roof locking device processing according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, contact-making surface on described vertical locating piece is one for forming with roof the horizontal plane contacting along bottom surface under a side, the contact-making surface on described lateral register piece be one for the horizontal plane and contacting along bottom surface under roof composition opposite side for forming the vertical plane along contacts side surfaces under this side with roof.
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| CN201210367245.9A CN102886648B (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2012-09-27 | Method and fixture for machining railway vehicle roof locking device |
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| CN201210367245.9A CN102886648B (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2012-09-27 | Method and fixture for machining railway vehicle roof locking device |
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| CN102886648B true CN102886648B (en) | 2014-11-19 |
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| CN103465064B (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2016-01-06 | 南京南车浦镇城轨车辆有限责任公司 | A kind of rail vehicle machined built-up jig |
| CN103832443A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-06-04 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Roof structure used for subway vehicle |
| CN104440341A (en) * | 2014-12-06 | 2015-03-25 | 吉林赛金得智能机械制造有限公司 | ZM-4000 reverse mounting fixture |
| CN107127597B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-10-09 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Roof processes positioning assisting tooling and the roof integral processing method based on the tooling |
| CN111496568B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-05-25 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Shield tail positioning device of shield machine |
| CN111889980A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-06 | 浦江县杰灵铜压铸有限公司 | Machining process of spring lock body |
| CN113182667A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-30 | 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 | Method and device for controlling installation and positioning of car body top cover, controller and storage medium |
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