CN102710394B - Spatial modulation method based on transmitting antenna selection for MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) system - Google Patents
Spatial modulation method based on transmitting antenna selection for MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102710394B CN102710394B CN201210179492.6A CN201210179492A CN102710394B CN 102710394 B CN102710394 B CN 102710394B CN 201210179492 A CN201210179492 A CN 201210179492A CN 102710394 B CN102710394 B CN 102710394B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spatial modulation method based on transmitting antenna selection for an MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) system. The spatial modulation method aims at the problem of weaker anti-interference capacity of the conventional multi-input multi-output system based on the spatial modulation, according to the spatial modulation method provided by the invention, the difference of channels corresponding to each transmitting antenna and the characteristics of the spatial modulation are considered, and a transmitting antenna collection used for transmitting the data is adjusted according to the status of the channels. According to the method provided by the invention, through limited feedback expenditure and low-complexity transmitting antenna selection, the degree of freedom of a wireless channel is fully utilized to resist channel fading so as to reduce error rate of the system, meanwhile, a transmitting end of a spatial modulation system only needs one radio frequency unit. According to the method provided by the invention, the transmitting antenna selection is introduced into the spatial modulation system, so that the influence of fading of a transmitting-receiving channel is effectively prevented, and the error rate for data transmission of the spatial modulation system is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technical field, particularly the modulating method of the multiinput-multioutput system based on spatial modulation (MIMO, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output).
Background technology
Spatial modulation (SM, Spatial Modulation) is distinctive a kind of modulation system in many inputs-many output (MIMO) systems.Its basic thought is: two-dimentional constellation signal (as amplitude and phase-modulation) is expanded to three-dimensional, and newly-increased one dimension is space dimensionality, i.e. antenna sequence number, and the size of space dimensionality is the number of transmitting antenna.In spatial modulation, each moment only has an antenna to be activated for sending data, and the data of input can be mapped as two parts: the joint amplitude/phase-modulation constellation point that activates the sequence number of antenna and the antenna transmission of activation.Therefore, usage space modulator approach can be avoided interchannel interference and the inter-channel synchronization problem (IAS) in traditional MIMO technology effectively, and can tie up by space the spectrum efficiency of carry information elevator system.In addition, spatial modulation is applicable to arbitrary number transmitting antenna and reception antenna scene, the especially number of transmit antennas asymmetric mimo channel much larger than reception antenna number.Specifically can list of references: R.Mesleh, H.Haas, S.Sinanovic, C.W.Ahn, S.Yun, Spatial modulation, IEEE Trans on Vehicular Technology, Vol57 (4), 2228-2241,2008.07.Although spatial modulation has plurality of advantages as above, existing documents and materials are verified, and spatial modulation can not make full use of transmitting terminal and carry the potential space diversity that many antennas bring, therefore its antagonism channel fading ability a little less than.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the weak problem of jamproof ability in order to solve the existing mimo system based on spatial modulation, proposed a kind of modulating method based on emitting antenna selecting for mimo system.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of modulating method based on emitting antenna selecting for mimo system, specifically comprises the steps:
Step 1: transmitting terminal carries out spatial modulation mapping according to the optimum transmit antenna set under the current channel of receiving terminal feedback to transmission data, is mapped to corresponding transmission antenna unit, is transmitted, and launches; The set of described optimum transmit antenna is the transmitting antenna set for carrying out spatial modulation mapping, specifically obtains by following process:
Step 31: receiving terminal obtains the alternative antenna set of current channel condition information and transmitting terminal, each element in described alternative antenna set is all as an alternative transmitting antenna subset, and transmitting-receiving two-end shares same alternative transmitting antenna subset;
Step 32: receiving terminal, according to current channel condition information, calculates the set of optimum transmit antenna, the set of optimum transmit antenna, from empty set, is selected satisfactory antenna at every turn and is added in the set of optimum transmit antenna from non-selected antenna; Concrete steps are as follows:
Step 321: the method that adopts channel Frobenius mould value maximum in the time selecting Article 1 transmitting antenna, calculate the Frobenius mould value of the channel column vectors that all transmitting antennas are corresponding, select the antenna of Frobenius mould value maximum wherein as the Article 1 transmitting antenna of selecting, put into the set of optimum transmit antenna, upgrade the set of optimum transmit antenna;
Step 322: calculate respectively in channel column vectors that every selected antenna is corresponding and the set of optimum transmit antenna the angle between each channel column vectors that has been selected antenna, choose the minimum value in all angles that every selected antenna obtains, this minimum value is multiplied each other with the not Frobenius mould value of the channel column vectors of selected antenna corresponding with it, choose the maximum in all results that multiply each other, antenna corresponding this maximum is put into the set of optimum transmit antenna, upgrade the set of optimum transmit antenna;
Step 323: repeating step 322 until in the set of optimum transmit antenna the number of antenna reach the number of element in alternative transmitting antenna subset.
Further, also comprise step 2: for each alternative transmitting antenna subset stipulates fixing index value, i.e. element concordance list one to one in foundation and the set of optimum transmit antenna.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: modulating method of the present invention has taken into full account the difference of each transmitting antenna respective channels and the feature of spatial modulation, adjusts the transmitting antenna set used of transmission data according to the state of channel; Method of the present invention can make full use of the degree of freedom of wireless channel by the emitting antenna selecting of Limited Feedback expense and low complex degree, opposing channel fading, reduce error rate of system, can guarantee simultaneously spatial modulation system transmitting terminal only need a radio frequency unit with and other advantage of bringing.Method of the present invention, by emitting antenna selecting being incorporated in spatial modulation system, can more effectively be resisted the impact of send-receive channel fading, reduces the error rate of spatial modulation system data transmission.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the modulating method based on emitting antenna selecting for mimo system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, provide specific embodiments of the invention.
It line options (Antenna Selection) is the technology generally adopting in a kind of mimo system.The thought of it line options is that sending and receiving end adopts multiple antennas, and a small amount of radio frequency link of arranging in pairs or groups activates the antenna subset of one group of optimum and realizes communication according to each moment of certain performance criteria.Antenna is chosen on the basis that has kept the effective spatial degrees of freedom of many antennas, complexity and the cost of system are reduced, research shows for some special circumstances, for example channel is low order matrix, it line options even can obtain than the better performance of whole day wire system, therefore, day line options as the very high technology of a kind of cost performance by people's extensive concern.Therefore can consider, sky line options is applied in spatial modulation.
In order to describe easily content of the present invention, first the term of using is explained as follows:
(1) spatial modulation refers to and utilizes the antenna index of multiinput-multioutput system and amplitude-phase to modulate the modulation system of carrying carrier as data message, in spatial modulation, transmission data are divided into antenna index part and amplitude-phase modulating part, each transmission time only has the antenna of a manipulative indexing to be activated, and the antenna transmission amplitude-phase modulation signal activating.Specifically can list of references: R.Mesleh, H.Haas, S.Sinanovic, C.W.Ahn, S.Yun, Spatial modulation, IEEE Trans on Vehicular Technology, Vol 57 (4), 2228-2241,2008.07.
(2) multiinput-multioutput system refers to that transmitting terminal and receiving terminal use respectively multiple transmitting antennas and reception antenna, and signal is by multiple antenna transmission and the reception of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal.
(3) Frobenius mould value, is also 2-mould value, if vector x=[x
1, x
2..., x
n], its Frobenius mould value is so:
║ x ║ F=(| x
1|
2+ | x
2|
2+ ...+| x
n|
2)
(1/2), wherein, | x
1| represent to ask x
1order of magnitude.
(4) inner product is a kind of vector calculus, supposes vector A=[a
1, a
2..., a
n], B=[b
1, b
2..., b
n], the inner product of vector is expressed as:
<A,B>=a
1×b
1＋a
2×b
2＋…＋a
n×b
n
(5) acos () inverse cosine function.
(6)
represent to make function f (x) to obtain the value of maximum variations per hour x,
represent to make function f (x) obtain the value of minimum value variations per hour x.
As shown in Figure 1, the modulating method based on emitting antenna selecting for mimo system of the present invention, specifically comprises the steps:
Step (1): transmitting terminal carries out spatial modulation mapping according to the optimum transmit antenna set under the current channel of receiving terminal feedback to transmission data, is mapped to corresponding transmission antenna unit, is transmitted, and launches; The set of described optimum transmit antenna is the transmitting antenna set for carrying out spatial modulation mapping, specifically obtains by following process:
Step (31): receiving terminal obtains current channel condition information and transmitting terminal alternative antenna subset; Be that transmitting-receiving two-end shares same alternative antenna subset;
Step (32): receiving terminal, according to current channel condition information, calculates the set of optimum transmit antenna, the set of optimum transmit antenna, from empty set, is selected satisfactory antenna at every turn and is added in the set of optimum transmit antenna from non-selected antenna; Concrete steps are as follows:
Step (321): the method that adopts channel Frobenius mould value maximum in the time selecting Article 1 transmitting antenna, calculate the Frobenius mould value of the channel column vectors that all transmitting antennas are corresponding, select the antenna of Frobenius mould value maximum wherein as the Article 1 transmitting antenna of selecting, put into the set of optimum transmit antenna, upgrade the set of optimum transmit antenna;
Step (322): calculate respectively in channel column vectors that every selected antenna is corresponding and the set of optimum transmit antenna the angle between each channel column vectors that has been selected antenna, choose the minimum value in all angles that every selected antenna obtains, this minimum value is multiplied each other with the not Frobenius mould value of the channel column vectors of selected antenna corresponding with it, choose the maximum in all results that multiply each other, antenna corresponding this maximum is put into the set of optimum transmit antenna, upgrade the set of optimum transmit antenna;
Step (323): repeating step (322) until in the set of optimum transmit antenna the number of antenna reach system requirements.
The emitting antenna selecting process of step (321), (322) and (323) can be described in detail as follows:
1) each column vector h of calculating channel matrix
i(i=1 ..., M) Frobenius mould value, wherein, M represents the alternative antenna number of transmitting terminal; Make alternative antenna subset S={1,2 ..., M}, optimum transmit antenna set A is empty set,
2) choose the column vector h of Frobenius mould value maximum in H
k (1), its subscript k (1) is removed from S set, and adds in set A.
3) get corresponding each the row h of S set
i(i ∈ S), calculates the angle of each row in it and set A
then calculate θ
i=argmin
k (n) ∈ Aθ
k (n), i, then carry out f
i=|| h
i||
f 2θ
i 2computing, finally to all f
i(i ∈ S) gets subscript corresponding to its minimum value, and this subscript is removed from S set, adds in set A.Continue this circulation, until the element number of set A reaches number L of element in alternative transmitting antenna subset, can find out, L is the number of element in alternative transmitting antenna subset, that is to say the antenna number of finally carrying out spatial modulation mapping, determined by system requirements, can set in advance, generally, L is by following form value: L=2
c<M, wherein, c value is to be greater than 0 integer.
The emitting antenna selecting process of the invention described above utilizes false code to be described below:
1. initialization
1. calculate each row h of channel H
i(i=1,2 ..., M) norm
2. make S={1,2 ..., M},
2. select h
i(i=1,2 ..., M) norm maximum that row, i.e. w=argmax
i ∈ S|| h
i||
f
3.for n=2:L
A=A+{w} (the antenna sequence number of electing is put into A)
S=S-{w}(rejects the antenna sequence number of electing from S)
for all i∈S
for all j∈A
end
θ
i=arg min
j∈Aθ
j,i
f
i=||h
i||
F 2θ
i 2
end
ω=argmax
i∈Sf
i
End
A=A+{w}
returnA
Step (33): feedback utilize current channel condition information estimated go out the index value of optimum transmit antenna subset to transmitting terminal, the scheme adopting when adjusting transmitting terminal data-mapping next time.
In order to reduce the bit number of feedback data, also comprise step 2: for each alternative transmitting antenna subset stipulates fixing index value, can set up with the set of optimum transmit antenna in element concordance list one to one.
Illustrate below by an example.
Suppose M=4, L=2, transmitting terminal will be selected 2 antennas as transmitting antenna from 4 antennas, and receiving terminal has 2 antennas, and the state information H of current channel is
S set={ 1,2,3,4}, the spendable all alternative transmitting antenna subsets of transmitting terminal are total
individual, be respectively: { 1,2}, { 1,3}, { Isosorbide-5-Nitrae }, { 2,3}, { 2,4}, 3,4}, here, { 1,2}, { 1,3}, { Isosorbide-5-Nitrae }, { 2,3}, { 2,4}, 3,4}, and 6 alternative transmitting antenna subsets have formed alternative antenna set, i.e. and the element in alternative antenna set is 6 and penetrates antenna subset as element in order to publishing.
For these 6 alternative transmitting antenna subsets, to set up concordance list as shown in table 1:
Table 1
| Alternative transmitting antenna subset | Index value |
| {1,2} | 1 |
| {1,3} | 2 |
| {1,4} | 3 |
| {2,3} | 4 |
| {2,4} | 5 |
| {3,4} | 6 |
The index that transmitting terminal feeds back during according to upper data transfer is selected current transmitting antenna, at receiving terminal, utilizes maximum likelihood detection algorithm to detect current data, utilizes channel information to carry out the flow process of emitting antenna selecting as follows:
1）||h
1||
F=0.6270,||h
2||
F=1.4484,||h
3||
F=1.4492,||h
4||
F=1.4938,S={1,2,3,4}，
2) ask column vector subscript k (the 1)=argmax of channel matrix Frobenius mould value maximum
i ∈ S|| h
i||
f=4, then upgrading S and A is S={1,2,3}, A={4};
3) calculate respectively h
4same h
1, h
2, h
3between angle
4) utilize θ
i=arg min
j ∈ Aθ
j, iobtain θ
1=0.2756, θ
2=0.9968, θ
3=1.1097;
5) utilize f
i=|| h
i||
f 2θ
i 2obtain f
1=0.0299, f
2=2.0846, f
3=2.5860;
6）k(2)=arg max
i∈S f
i=3；
7) upgrading S and A is S={1,2}, and A={4,3}, returns to A.
According to A={4,3}, can from concordance list, obtain corresponding index value is 6, current channel condition information H estimates that best optimum transmit antenna combination should be the 3rd and the 4th antenna.Finally feed back index value 6 that current channel condition information H estimates the optimum transmit antenna subset obtaining to transmitting terminal, the transmitting antenna adopting when adjusting transmitting terminal data-mapping next time.
Be not difficult to find by above analysis, to spatial modulation system, in the time that transmitting terminal has many antennas available, method of the present invention utilizes the emitting antenna selecting of Limited Feedback expense and low complex degree can utilize the degree of freedom of wireless channel, opposing channel fading, reduce error rate of system, keep spatial modulation system transmitting terminal only to need the advantage of a radio frequency unit simultaneously.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, embodiment described here is in order to help reader understanding's principle of the present invention, should be understood to that the protection range of invention is not limited to such special statement and embodiment.Everyly make various possible being equal to according to foregoing description and replace or change, be all considered to belong to the protection range of claim of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. for the modulating method based on emitting antenna selecting of mimo system, it is characterized in that, specifically comprise the steps:
Step 1: transmitting terminal carries out spatial modulation mapping according to the optimum transmit antenna set under the current channel of receiving terminal feedback to transmission data, is mapped to corresponding transmission antenna unit, is transmitted, and launches; The set of described optimum transmit antenna is the transmitting antenna set for carrying out spatial modulation mapping, specifically obtains by following process:
Step 31: receiving terminal obtains current channel condition information and the set of transmitting terminal alternative antenna, each element in described alternative antenna set is all as an alternative transmitting antenna subset, and transmitting-receiving two-end shares same alternative transmitting antenna subset;
Step 32: receiving terminal, according to current channel condition information, calculates the set of optimum transmit antenna, the set of optimum transmit antenna, from empty set, is selected satisfactory antenna at every turn and is added in the set of optimum transmit antenna from non-selected antenna; Specifically as follows step by step:
Step 321: the method that adopts channel Frobenius mould value maximum in the time selecting Article 1 transmitting antenna, calculate the Frobenius mould value of the channel column vectors that all transmitting antennas are corresponding, select the antenna of Frobenius mould value maximum wherein as the Article 1 transmitting antenna of selecting, put into the set of optimum transmit antenna, upgrade the set of optimum transmit antenna;
Step 322: calculate respectively in channel column vectors that every selected antenna is corresponding and the set of optimum transmit antenna the angle between each channel column vectors that has been selected antenna, choose the minimum value in all angles that every selected antenna obtains, this minimum value is multiplied each other with the not Frobenius mould value of the channel column vectors of selected antenna corresponding with it, choose the maximum in all results that multiply each other, antenna corresponding this maximum is put into the set of optimum transmit antenna, upgrade the set of optimum transmit antenna;
Step 323: repeating step 322 until in the set of optimum transmit antenna the number of antenna reach system requirements.
2. modulating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises step 2: for each alternative transmitting antenna subset stipulates fixing index value, i.e. and element concordance list one to one in foundation and the set of optimum transmit antenna.
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| CN103297375A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-09-11 | 电子科技大学 | Method for spatially modulated communication with optimal phase factor combination |
| CN103457706B (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2016-03-23 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of polynary amplitude shift keying mapping method for spatial modulation system |
| CN103581087B (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2017-01-04 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-input multi-output system binary digital signal sky moves keying modulation demodulation method |
| CN104022810B (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2017-03-29 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of transmitting terminal antenna selecting method based on SM systems |
| CN104639221B (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2018-01-09 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of joint antenna system of selection for spatial phase modulation |
| CN106169940A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2016-11-30 | 北京大学 | X-Duplex: duplex communication flexibly |
| CN105007108A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-10-28 | 北京邮电大学 | Distributed interference alignment method based on transmit antenna selection |
| CN107979396A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-05-01 | 索尼公司 | Communicator and method for Multi-User Dimension modulation |
| CN108809376B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2020-11-27 | 电子科技大学 | Transmitting antenna selection method for enhanced spatial modulation system |
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