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CN102421989A - Cutting device for a mining machine - Google Patents

Cutting device for a mining machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102421989A
CN102421989A CN2010800217780A CN201080021778A CN102421989A CN 102421989 A CN102421989 A CN 102421989A CN 2010800217780 A CN2010800217780 A CN 2010800217780A CN 201080021778 A CN201080021778 A CN 201080021778A CN 102421989 A CN102421989 A CN 102421989A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cutter head
cutting
knife
tool
topping machanism
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Granted
Application number
CN2010800217780A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102421989B (en
Inventor
R·格里夫
R·格雷尔
J·阿克曼
N·A·西弗林格
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Sandvik Mining and Construction GmbH
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Sandvik Mining and Construction GmbH
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Publication of CN102421989A publication Critical patent/CN102421989A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E21C35/1837Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material characterised by the shape

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cutting device for a mining machine, in particular a shearer. Said machine comprises a tool carrier, in particular a shearer drum that is rotatably mounted about a rotational axis and at least one cutting tool (1) that is fixed to the tool carrier. The cutting tool (1) comprises a tool base body (3) and a cutting insert (1) that consists of a diamond composite material, or a harder material, and is fixed in a receiving bore (6) of said body. The cutting tool is oriented on the tool carrier at an incident cutting angle (ss) of 45 - 58 DEG , preferably 47 - 54 DEG and especially preferably 49 DEG . The tip (2) of the cutting insert (1) is substantially conical and the nose angle (a) is 60 - 75 DEG .

Description

The topping machanism that is used for Mars Miner
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Mars Miner, topping machanism of coalcutter (Schraemmaschine) especially of being used for; It has around the rotatably mounted tool rack of pivot center, especially coal cutting cylinder and at least one are fixed on the cutting element at tool rack place; Cutting element comprises tool base and the cutter head (Schneideinsatz) that is fixed in the accommodation hole of tool base, and cutter head is made up of diamond composite or harder material.
Background technology
The cutting element that is used for Mars Miner is for example known with the form of so-called slotting tool (Mei β el), and it for example uses in the exploitation of coal or in the tunnel is built.Slotting tool is usually placed in the circumference place of cutting roll or coal cutting cylinder; Wherein, Realize through selecting to cut the angle of attack (Schneidanstellwinkel) accordingly; Usually the slotting tool that comes to a point gradually is because the motion of the rotation of cutting roll or coal cutting cylinder reaches with material to be exploited or rock to be rooted out like this engages, and makes material or rock through cutting or strike off (Abkratzen) quilt and taken off from the surface of work plane (Ortsbrust).Slotting tool is made up of matrix and the cutter head that is fixed in the accommodation hole of matrix usually.In order also to root out harder rock effectively, cutter head is made up of hard especially and wear-resisting material.As the material that is used for cutter head, advise for example tungsten carbide or tungsten-cobalt carbide composite material thus.
A kind of wear-resistant especially structure is realized through cutting element or slotting tool that use has the point of a knife that is made up of diamond or multicrystal diamond composite.At this, the cutter head of cutting element can only have the outer covering layer that is made up of diamond composite or be made up of such diamond composite fully.
For example, file US 5,161,627 shows and described a kind of round handle slotting tool that has cutter head, cutter head be taper and be configured with point of a knife through rounding.On the surface of cutter head, be applied with the layer that constitutes by multicrystal diamond composite.This layer is about 0.04 inch (0.1cm).The cutter head that has the taper of the coating that is made up of multicrystal diamond also can be by file US4, and 811,801 learn.For file US 6; 733; 087 content is mentioned diamond, multicrystal diamond, cubical boron nitride adhesive, carbide or their combination freely as the anti abrasive coating that is used for cutter head
Figure BPA00001463644900021
.
Diamond composite (it is described in file WO 88/07409A1 and file WO 90/01986A1) based on a new generation; In file EP 1283936B1, advised a kind of cutting element that has the cutter head that comes to a point gradually, cutter head is made up of the diamond crystal that is connected to each other by means of carborundum substrate.In order to connect cutter head and tool base, pointed out a kind of metal-base composites (Metallmatrix-Verbundwerkstoff).
Therefore diamond composite has than all and naturally appears at the higher hardness of tellurian material and for for the use of cutter head, being desirable.Yet it is very expensive material.In the recent period, the material that has the hardness higher than diamond also becomes known.The barium titanate that has tin for example should be harder than diamond, wherein, can draw thus, and this material will be because its property made will be more cheap than diamond future.
Except the material of cutter head, cutting geometry (Schneidgeometrie) accordingly is conclusive for obtainable cutting ability.The cutting geometry on the one hand the shape of slotting tool point of a knife and on the other hand the peripheral force that occurs at slotting tool point of a knife place with depend on that the normal force (Normalkraft) of rock limits.In order to optimize cutting system, promptly, should design the cutting geometry like this in order farthest to be reduced to the bending force of cutting on the slotting tool, that is, form and cut axis, i.e. consistent caused (resultierende) cutting force with the axis of slotting tool.It is noted that at this cutting geometry is not enclosed caused cutting force at an angle because the wearing and tearing of cutter head are not varied to form with the slotting tool axis, this causes slotting tool and the especially tipping load or the tipping motion of slotting tool matrix.
Cutting test shows, when wearing layer in the shortest time peels off, when the cutting geometry of initially confirming with this and optimize so no longer existed, the cutter head that has the coating that is made up of diamond composite was disadvantageous thus.In the cutter head that constitutes by the diamond composite described in file WO 88/07409A1 and the file WO 90/01986A1, draw better result; This is because wearing and tearing are significantly reduced perhaps because the wearing and tearing that take place in case of necessity occur evenly distributedly owing to the wearing character of improving, and makes the cutting geometry not by obvious change.
Draw at this moment from these basic considerations; For keeping constant high cutting ability it is highly important that; Use to constitute the cutter head of (for example is the sort of situation in the content of file EP 1283936B1 like it) fully by diamond composite, and be chosen in the cutting geometry that wherein can avoid the overturning moment on cutter head or the tool base as much as possible simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Therefore; The object of the invention is to explain a kind of cutting geometry; It is designed and optimizes and is used for the described cutter head that is made up of diamond or diamond composite; Make cutting ability to be enhanced, wherein, the situation of identical cutting geometry under simultaneously should be extended keeping as far as possible the application life of cutting element.
In order to realize this purpose; Topping machanism the present invention based on the mentioned type of beginning is as follows haply; Promptly; Cutting element is sentenced 45-58 °, preferably 47-54 ° at tool rack, preferably 49 ° cutting angle of attack orientation and the point of a knife of cutter head are configured to general conical, and wherein, nose angle is 60-75 °.At this, the cutting angle of attack can be regarded as the axis of cutting element or cutter head with by the point of a knife of cutter head topping machanism, especially during the rotation of coal cutting cylinder the angle between the tangent line located of inswept circle.Nose angle is two angles between the bus of putting relatively on the diameter (Erzeugenden) in the cone of cutter head point of a knife.Cutting geometry according to the present invention causes the orientation of optimizing about stock-removing efficiency of cutting element; Wherein, so-called relief angle (Freiwinkel) γ (promptly rock to be exploited positive with the cutting element blade between angle) can be maintained at for the higher necessary limit value of stock-removing efficiency of acquisition simultaneously in.
Compare with the cutter head that constitutes by traditional hard metal material, when geometry is cut in design, must or must not consider wear phenomenon fully for the cutter head that constitutes by diamond composite hardly, because wear and tear hardly.For the cutter head that constitutes by hard metal material; When design cutting geometry, must consider as follows in contrast; Promptly; Rapidly occurring wear causes flatten (Verflachung) of original nose angle when cutting (abrasiv) rock harder, abrasion, and therefore causes the increase of the contact surface of cutter head, and this causes cutting the increase of normal force again.Therefore original cutting geometry no longer exists and causes the reduction of stock-removing efficiency after the running time of confirming.In order to compensate this type of phenomenon, must select especially 45 ° the less angle of attack from the beginning for the cutter head that constitutes by hard metal material.
If the diamond segment of present homogeneous used according to the invention, the cutting angle of attack can be selected than bigger in the situation of hard metal material.Yet on the other hand, the angle of attack according to the present invention by to limit.If promptly the cutting angle is selected in greater than 60 ° scope, the direction of the cutting force that is then produced is shifted again, and this causes cutting the bend loading of slotting tool and cause cutting support (Schneidhalter) loading to the tipping on the other direction.
When the point of a knife of (like it corresponding to the preferred improvement project) cutter head has 2-5mm, preferably during the nose radius of 4mm, obtains the ratio of the special optimization at the contact point place between slotting tool point of a knife and rock.
When cutter head has when having the matrix of the cylindricality of 10-18mm diameter preferably (point of a knife of its supporting taper), obtain another favourable design scheme, wherein, promising 35-45mm, the knuckle radius of 40mm preferably are set between the point of a knife of the matrix of cylindricality and taper.
When using fully the cutter head that constitutes by diamond composite, additionally produce the sufficiently stable problem that is connected of cutter head and tool base.Because its atomic bond, diamond promptly can not easily come wetting with traditional welding material and combine.In addition, higher welding temperature bear adamantine can vitiable danger and in addition because the structure of corresponding conversion zone can cause diamond in the decomposition at the interface (Zersetzung) of welding material relatively.
Preferably improve so thus according to topping machanism of the present invention, that is, the diameter of cutter head and accommodation hole is measured like this, that is, cutter head is maintained in the accommodation hole through contraction-interference fit.This improvement project is based on following surprising understanding; That is, even contraction-interference fit causes enough confining forces for the cutter head that is made up of diamond composite and in the situation of the extremely high load of cutting element, for example when cutting hard rock (Hartgestein), make the lasting and stable possibility that fixedly becomes of cutter head.Obtain the other improvement fixed thus according to a preferred improvement project; Promptly; Cutter head is additionally by means of being welded to connect, and preferably is introduced in scolder in the accommodation hole, preferably is maintained in the accommodation hole, wherein under the situation of brazing metal in use; When (as it is preferably constructed corresponding to another) cutter head has thickness when being preferably the copper coating of 0.1 to 0.2mm electrolysis, between cutter head and scolder, realize stable especially being connected at the interface.When the welding cutter head; The copper coating of scolder and the especially electrolysis of cutter head is melted in the hole of tool base; Wherein, because cooling and the contraction-interference fit in this formation of cutter head in accommodation hole of tool base, the intrusion of the copper coating that produces the scolder that melts or electrolysis in the surface of cutter head; And between tool base and cutter head, form a kind of little tooth portion, it causes very strong and lasting being connected between cutter head and tool base.Preferably select the copper silver solder as scolder at this.
According to a preferred improvement project, diamond composite is made up of diamond crystal, and diamond crystal is connected to each other by means of carborundum substrate.This type of diamond composite is known by file WO 90/01986A1.The method that is used to make this type of diamond composite is known by file WO 88/07409A1.
For make cutting element, especially in order to be fixed on by the cutter head that diamond composite constitutes in the accommodation hole of tool base, can use the method that has following method step:
A) with tool base be warmed at least 750 ℃, preferably on 800-860 ℃ the temperature,
B) cutter head is inserted in the accommodation hole of tool base,
C) tool base is cooled to about 600 ℃ in air,
D) utilize the further cooling of tool matrix of water and
E) preferably final tempering (Anlassen) is extremely about 300 ℃,
Wherein, cutter head through adding of tool base gentle back to back cooling utilization contraction-interference fit be fixed in the accommodation section of tool base.
At this; A preferable methods guiding is arranged in addition; Carry out before the step a) cutter head electrolysis the copper coating and at step a) and b) between with scolder, especially the copper silver solder is incorporated in the accommodation hole, make cutter head fixing in accommodation hole not only realize based on contraction-interference fit but also based on being welded to connect.Preferably, scolder is introduced in the accommodation hole with the form of tube (Patrone).
In a word, obtain the application possibility in the rock of denuding based on structure according to the present invention until the height of 165MPa.
In addition, the spark during working angles forms and can be avoided fully.Realized the obvious minimizing that dust generates in addition.Cutting force can reduce about 50%.The hard metal cutter head obtains 30 times application life relatively.In addition, should mention especially that as additional advantage higher stock-removing efficiency and noise still less generates and the heat generation when the cutting hard rock.
Description of drawings
Below, by schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings embodiment the present invention is described further.Wherein, Fig. 1 in side view shows the cutter head that constitutes by diamond composite; Fig. 2 has shown and has had the cutting element that is presented to the cutter head that is made up of diamond composite wherein, and Fig. 3 has shown the cutting geometry according to cutting element of the present invention that is fixed on coal cutting cylinder place.
The specific embodiment
In Fig. 1, with 1 mark the cutter head that constitutes by diamond composite, they roughly are made up of three zones: cutter head point of a knife 2, cutter head matrix 3 and cutter head end 4.Whole cutter head is rotational symmetric around middle axis 10.Correspondingly, the cutter head point of a knife is roughly truncated cone-shaped, and wherein, point of a knife is rounded.With the nose radius of r mark 2 and 5mm between and nose angle α two angles between the bus of putting relatively on the diameter of cone (promptly) be 71 ° in this structure.
Tool base 5 has been shown in Fig. 2, and cutter head 1 is fixed in the accommodation hole 6 therein.Slotting tool (being made up of tool base 5 and cutter head 1) is rotational symmetric around middle axis 10.Tool base has the zone 7 of expansion at the place, end of its front, it transits directly to skirt section (Sch ü rze) 8.The expansion (Aufweitung) of the taper in the region in front of circle handle slotting tool is used for the stable of cutting element.There is groove 9 in place, end in the back of slotting tool, and unshowned snap ring can engage into it in order to be fixed to slotting tool support place.
In Fig. 3, schematically show the coal cutting cylinder with 12, be at it and be fixed with round handle slotting tool on slotting tool support 11.At this, skirt section 8 is placed on the intrusion that avoids dust and rubble on the front side of slotting tool support and with this opening that seals the slotting tool support.Corresponding to the spacing between the point of a knife of the pivot center of coal cutting cylinder and cutter head, point of a knife engages with rock or production face 13 with the radius of R mark.So-called relief angle γ is defined as the tangent line of locating and the angle of the free space between the cutting element blade (the nearest bus of cutter head point of a knife) at circle R (rock is positive).Cutting angle of attack β is defined as the angle between the tangent line of locating of justifying that is having radius R at the axis 10 of the centre of slotting tool and the position that is engaging.This point of a knife that relates to cutter head during in 12 rotations of coal cutting cylinder inswept circle.In situation about being drawn, this angle is 51 °.

Claims (8)

1. one kind is used for Mars Miner, the topping machanism of coalcutter especially; It has around the rotatably mounted tool rack of pivot center, especially coal cutting cylinder and at least one are fixed on the cutting element at said tool rack place; Said cutting element comprises tool base and the cutter head that is fixed in the accommodation hole of said tool base; Said cutter head is made up of diamond composite or harder material, it is characterized in that, said cutting element is sentenced 45-58 °, preferably 47-54 ° at said tool rack, preferably directed the and point of a knife (2) said cutter head (1) of 49 ° the cutting angle of attack (β) is configured to general conical; Wherein, nose angle is 60-75 °.
2. topping machanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the point of a knife (2) of said cutter head (1) has 2-5mm, the nose radius of 4mm preferably.
3. topping machanism according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that; Said cutter head (1) has and has the preferably matrix of the cylindricality of the diameter of 10-18mm (3); It supports the point of a knife (2) of said taper, wherein, promising 35-45mm, the knuckle radius of 40mm preferably is set between the point of a knife (2) of the matrix (3) of said cylindricality and said taper.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described topping machanisms, it is characterized in that the diameter of cutter head (1) and accommodation hole (6) is measured like this, that is, said cutter head (1) remains in the said accommodation hole (6) through contraction-interference fit.
5. according to each described topping machanism in the claim 1 to 4; It is characterized in that said cutter head (1) is by means of being welded to connect, preferably being introduced in scolder in the said accommodation hole (6), preferably being maintained in the said accommodation hole (6) under the situation of brazing metal in use.
6. topping machanism according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said cutter head (1) has the copper coating of electrolysis, and its thickness is preferably 0.1 to 0.2mm.
7. topping machanism according to claim 6 is characterized in that the copper silver solder is selected as scolder.
8. according to each described topping machanism in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that said diamond composite is made up of diamond crystal, said diamond crystal is connected to each other by means of carborundum substrate.
CN201080021778.0A 2009-05-14 2010-05-06 Cutting device for a mining machine Expired - Fee Related CN102421989B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA750/2009 2009-05-14
AT0075009A AT508231B1 (en) 2009-05-14 2009-05-14 CUTTING DEVICE FOR A MINING MACHINE
PCT/AT2010/000155 WO2010129978A2 (en) 2009-05-14 2010-05-06 Cutting device for a mining machine

Publications (2)

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CN102421989A true CN102421989A (en) 2012-04-18
CN102421989B CN102421989B (en) 2014-07-16

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US (1) US20120068528A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2430288A2 (en)
CN (1) CN102421989B (en)
AT (1) AT508231B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2010246885B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2761529A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2011012138A (en)
RU (1) RU2011150511A (en)
WO (1) WO2010129978A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201107777B (en)

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CN103422865A (en) * 2013-08-16 2013-12-04 中铁二十一局集团有限公司 Tunnel excavation plastic cutter and tunnel arc-shaped excavation method for weak surrounding rock section
CN111069677A (en) * 2020-01-03 2020-04-28 昆山易时腾合金工具有限公司 Low-cost hard alloy milling cutter
CN113748249A (en) * 2019-04-30 2021-12-03 伊迪姆私人有限公司 Tool rack assembly

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US10301898B2 (en) 2015-04-13 2019-05-28 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Top drive with top entry and line inserted therethrough for data gathering through the drill string
WO2016168268A1 (en) 2015-04-13 2016-10-20 Schlumberger Technology Corporation An instrument line for insertion in a drill string of a drilling system
US10753198B2 (en) 2015-04-13 2020-08-25 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Downhole instrument for deep formation imaging deployed within a drill string
USD839936S1 (en) 2016-05-24 2019-02-05 Kennametal Inc. Cutting insert and bolster
US10294786B2 (en) * 2016-05-24 2019-05-21 Kennametal Inc. Rotatable cutting tool with cutting insert and bolster

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SU1657595A1 (en) * 1989-01-30 1991-06-23 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский угольный институт "КузНИУИ" Rolling cutter with teeth
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103422865A (en) * 2013-08-16 2013-12-04 中铁二十一局集团有限公司 Tunnel excavation plastic cutter and tunnel arc-shaped excavation method for weak surrounding rock section
CN113748249A (en) * 2019-04-30 2021-12-03 伊迪姆私人有限公司 Tool rack assembly
CN111069677A (en) * 2020-01-03 2020-04-28 昆山易时腾合金工具有限公司 Low-cost hard alloy milling cutter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT508231A1 (en) 2010-11-15
RU2011150511A (en) 2013-06-20
MX2011012138A (en) 2012-03-06
ZA201107777B (en) 2013-04-24
WO2010129978A2 (en) 2010-11-18
CA2761529A1 (en) 2010-11-18
EP2430288A2 (en) 2012-03-21
AU2010246885A1 (en) 2011-11-10
WO2010129978A3 (en) 2011-05-05
AU2010246885B2 (en) 2015-09-03
AT508231B1 (en) 2011-05-15
CN102421989B (en) 2014-07-16
US20120068528A1 (en) 2012-03-22

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