CN102267437B - Fast power transformation station of battery box of electric automobile and replacement method of battery box - Google Patents
Fast power transformation station of battery box of electric automobile and replacement method of battery box Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fast power transformation station of a battery box of an electric automobile and a replacement method of the battery box. The power transformation station at least comprises the following devices: an automobile positioning platform, a battery box lifting and replacing platform, a stacking machine, a battery box storage rack, a logistics transmission port of the battery box and a delivery roller way which are symmetrically arranged relative to the longitudinal movement axis of the stacking machine, the simultaneous working of the two power transformation systems can be achieved, and the space utilization rate and the power transformation efficiency are improved. The fast power transformation station also comprises a power supply system which is arranged on a roof and consists of a solar photovoltaic power generation battery board; and self sufficiency of power can be achieved by virtue of the solar energy, the power supply of the equipment in the station or the charging for the battery box in the station are met. The invention also provides the replacement method of the battery box of the power transformation station. According to the power transformation station, the distribution is reasonable, the space utilization rate is high, the work of the equipment is reliable and simple, and the power transformation process is fast, so that the power transformation time can be shortened, the power transformation fault is reduced, and the compatibility for different vehicles and different battery boxes is also improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a quick battery replacement station for an electric automobile battery box and a battery box replacement method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of matching of electric automobiles.
Background
The automobile brings great convenience to the human society and becomes an indispensable important vehicle for the daily life of the human society. With the rapid development of the global automobile industry, two extremely serious negative effects are brought: the petroleum energy crisis and environmental pollution are aggravated. At present, most of automobiles running in the society adopt fuel oil as power, petroleum resources are non-renewable energy, and petroleum exploitation, consumption and use in the last hundred years show a rapid development trend. The continued development of the automotive industry has been severely challenged by factors such as energy, environment, and the like. Governments and related enterprises have generally recognized that: energy conservation and emission reduction are the main attack directions of future automobile technology development, and the development of electric automobiles is the best way for solving two problems of energy crisis and environmental pollution. Therefore, the automobile adopting new energy is a future development trend, wherein the pure electric automobile becomes the leading factor in the automobile field in the future world due to the advantage of green environmental protection.
The electric automobile is a motor vehicle which takes a vehicle-mounted power supply as power and drives wheels to run by a motor, and meets various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. The use of electric cars in urban taxis and personal homes is now gaining fairly universal acceptance and use in some countries in the united states and in large cities in japan. However, the range of the pure electric vehicle is greatly restricted due to the limitation of the charging station on the road, and is also an obstacle to the development of the pure electric vehicle. Although rapid charging techniques have been developed, they have a damaging effect on the battery, and such charging patterns also do not facilitate periodic testing, maintenance, and repair of the battery, and affect and shorten the battery life. Another shortcut for fast charging is: the battery is replaced, so that the energy can be quickly supplemented, the replaced old battery can be detected, maintained and maintained, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. Therefore, the arrangement of the power change station of the battery box of the electric automobile in the city is an effective way for solving the cruising ability of the battery automobile.
At present, the battery box of the electric vehicle is replaced mainly in the horizontal direction at two sides of the vehicle, for example, the situations introduced in "a quick replacement system for power batteries of electric vehicles" (chinese patent application publication No. CN 101284524A), "a replacement system for vehicle-mounted power batteries" (CN 101214814A) and "a quick replacement device for batteries of electric vehicles" (CN 101564984A). Because the battery box of a pure electric car which can run for more than 150 kilometers can weigh more than 200 kilograms, the battery box is not arranged at the front end and the rear end of the car and can only be arranged at the bottom side of a passenger seat in the middle of the car, such as an electric car (Chinese utility model patent publication No. CN 201195491Y), for reasonable balance weight. There are also documents describing methods for replacing power in automobiles with such a structure, such as: an automatic battery replacing system and an automatic battery replacing method for an electric automobile (CN 101870284A) and a quick-assembly and quick-assembly method for an electric automobile (CN 101559758A), however, the former battery replacing system can only carry out coarse positioning on the battery and can not realize accurate loading and unloading. Although the mounting plate, the battery pack, the vehicle body floor and the mounting process on the electric vehicle are specifically designed, the latter does not mention how to realize the accurate positioning of the lifting device and the battery box at the bottom of the electric vehicle. Therefore, the prior domestic technology only adopts blind-mate replacement for the batteries, and the reliability of loading and unloading the battery box is poor.
The Better place company in the United states provides a technical scheme for quickly replacing batteries of a battery box, and is already applied. The system is mainly provided with: vehicle location platform, trade electric equipment, battery box conveying equipment and battery box repository. The core of the battery replacing equipment is that a duplex delivery wagon capable of moving on a delivery line is adopted for delivering a full-power battery box and a power-shortage battery box, and unloading and installing of the battery boxes are completed by fixed lifting equipment. Although the whole process of the technical scheme realizes automation, the problems are as follows: the distance of the conveying line is too long, the occupied space of the field is large, the investment cost of the whole station is high, and the popularization and the application are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a quick battery replacement station for an electric vehicle battery box and a replacement method thereof for a pure electric passenger vehicle with the battery box installed at the bottom of the vehicle, and the battery replacement station of the present invention is characterized in that: the space utilization rate of the station layout of the whole battery replacement station system is high, the equipment for positioning and replacing the battery box works reliably and simply, the battery replacement flow is fast, the logistics exchange channel efficiency of the battery box is high, the battery replacement time can be shortened, the battery replacement faults are reduced, and the compatibility of different vehicles and different battery boxes is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a quick battery replacement station for a battery box of an electric vehicle, which is characterized in that: the quick power change station at least comprises the following devices: the automatic battery replacing system comprises an automobile positioning platform, a battery box lifting replacing platform, a stacker, a battery box storage rack, a logistics transmission port of the battery box and a conveying roller way, wherein all the devices are symmetrically arranged on the longitudinal moving axis of the stacker so as to realize that two battery replacing systems work simultaneously and improve the space utilization rate and the battery replacing efficiency; wherein,
the automobile positioning platform is positioned above the battery box lifting and replacing platform and used for parking vehicles and roughly positioning the vehicles longitudinally and transversely; is provided with: the wheel guide groove is positioned in the middle of the through hole and used for guiding the advancing direction of the wheel; the wheel guide grooves are two convex rails which are symmetrically distributed along the longitudinal axis of the automobile positioning platform and are 3-10 cm higher than the platform plane, one convex rail at the front end of the wheel guide groove is in a bell mouth shape, and the other convex rail is a single rail with a half bell mouth, so that the wheel guide groove is used for guiding the advancing direction of wheels when an electric vehicle drives in, avoiding a rectangular through hole opening sunk in the middle of the platform, and simultaneously ensuring accurate transverse coarse positioning; the electromagnetic ground trap units are symmetrically distributed on the opening of the middle rectangular through hole of the automobile positioning platform and two sides of the longitudinal axis, and ground trap blocks controlled by a spring and an electromagnetic positioning pin to act are arranged and used for longitudinally and roughly positioning the positions of the wheels of the automobile; when a vehicle enters the battery replacement station, determining the front and rear wheel base of the vehicle according to the detected vehicle type, and controlling which ground subsidence block in the electromagnetic ground subsidence unit to sink so as to limit the vehicle to continuously run after the vehicle runs onto the platform and realize longitudinal coarse positioning on the vehicle positioning platform;
the battery box lifting and replacing platform is positioned right below the middle through hole of the automobile positioning platform and is used for dismounting and positioning the battery box; the component parts include: the device comprises a three-degree-of-freedom adjusting and positioning component for realizing horizontal rotation, longitudinal movement or transverse movement through wireless remote control, a double-layer scissor mechanism driven to lift by a hydraulic piston or a motor and a lead screw, a rotary positioning platform and an electro-hydraulic control box; the rotary positioning platform is positioned at the top layer and consists of two layers of steel plates, thrust ball bearings, circumferential positioning balls and pneumatic positioning pins which are respectively positioned at the center and the periphery of an interlayer of the steel plates, and the longitudinal or transverse moving positioning component consists of a longitudinal or transverse moving platform, a ball screw and a driving motor of the moving platform;
the stacker is a roadway stacker, is positioned on a longitudinal axis of the symmetrically arranged battery replacing stations, and is used for automatically storing and taking the battery boxes and realizing the storage, taking and stacking of the battery boxes; the component parts include: the device comprises a running mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a cargo carrying platform provided with a cargo storing and taking mechanism, a rack and an electrical control device, wherein the cargo storing and taking mechanism can perform transverse bilateral cargo storing and taking operation;
the battery box storage racks are symmetrically arranged and are respectively arranged at two sides of the stacker and are in a semi-underground structure, and the battery box storage racks are used for respectively storing battery boxes which are full of electricity and lack of electricity; the battery box is reasonable in layout and high in space utilization rate, and has advantages in storage of the battery box;
the logistics transmission port of the battery box is positioned at one end of the stacker track and used for conveying the fully charged battery box to the stacker goods taking mechanism through the roller way on one side of the transmission port, and the battery box is placed into the battery box storage rack by the stacker, or the insufficient-charge battery box taken out of the battery box storage rack is conveyed out through the roller way on the other side of the transmission port and then is conveyed to the battery box charging station by the logistics distribution vehicle for uniform charging;
the conveying roller way is a short roller way driven by a motor and is used for bearing and conveying the battery box; there are four types in total: the device comprises an outer roller way, an inner roller way, a battery box bracket roller way and a logistics transmission port roller way.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for replacing a battery by using the rapid battery replacement station of the present invention, wherein the method comprises: the method comprises the following operation steps:
(1) taking a full-charge battery box: after the electric automobile enters the station and is swiped the card, the control system of the quick battery replacing station transmits the type of the electric automobile and the information of the battery box thereof to the storage control device of the battery box storage rack, sends an instruction of taking the full-charge battery box for the stacker, and starts to replace the preparation operation of the battery box: the stacker takes a corresponding full-charge battery box from the battery box storage rack and sends the full-charge battery box to the inner side roller way;
(2) temporarily storing a full-electric battery box: after the full-electricity battery box is conveyed to the outer roller way from the inner roller way through the battery box bracket roller way on the battery box lifting replacement platform, temporarily storing the full-electricity battery box in the outer roller way;
(3) and (3) coarse positioning of the automobile: the electric automobile drives into the automobile positioning platform, and rough positioning is carried out by utilizing the wheel guide groove and the electromagnetic ground sinking unit;
(4) battery box positioning: two laser holes on a rotary positioning platform of the battery box lifting replacement platform emit two beams of laser to irradiate the bottom surface of the battery box of the automobile; then observing whether the two beams of laser are aligned to the mark points on the bottom surface of the battery box through a video monitor on the rotary positioning platform, and respectively controlling the displacement of the transverse and longitudinal moving platforms and the rotation of the rotary positioning platform by using a motor so as to align the two beams of laser to the mark points and automatically record the motion displacement of the three-degree-of-freedom driving motor;
(5) unloading the insufficient-power battery box: the hydraulic piston or the motor lead screw drives the double-layer scissor mechanism to lift by the control button, the rotary positioning platform is unlocked after being completely contacted with the battery box, the power-lack battery box is separated from the automobile chassis, and the power-lack battery box is released and unloaded;
(6) and (3) conveying a power-shortage battery box: the double-layer scissor mechanism of the battery box lifting replacement platform descends to restore the power-lack battery box to the initial position of the three-dimensional adjusting member, so that the power-lack battery box falls onto a battery box bracket roller way on the lifting replacement platform, is conveyed to an inner side roller way, is taken away by a stacker and is placed into a battery box storage rack for charging;
(7) conveying a full-electric battery box: the full-charge battery box temporarily stored on the outer roller way is conveyed to the position right above the lifting replacement platform by the outer roller way;
(8) loading a full-electric battery box: the battery box lifting and replacing platform recovers the displacement of the transverse and longitudinal moving platform and the rotation angle of the rotary positioning platform recorded in the step (4), and then is lifted by the double-layer scissor mechanism, the fully charged battery box is lifted and loaded onto the electric automobile, and after the battery box is locked by a motor lock in the automobile, the battery box lifting and replacing platform descends, so that the three-dimensional adjusting component recovers the initial position of the three-dimensional adjusting component, and the replacement of the battery box is completed; the electric automobile is out of the station;
(9) and finishing all the operations of quick battery replacement and waiting for the next battery replacement.
The invention relates to an improvement and innovation of a portable electric vehicle battery replacing system and a portable electric vehicle battery replacing method (application number: 201110096497.8) based on the invention patent application of the applicant, which is characterized in that the rapid and automatic replacement of an electric vehicle battery box is realized, namely, the automation of the installation, the positioning and the disassembly of the electric vehicle battery box is realized, the whole process not only ensures the working accuracy and the reliability, but also can be compatible with the replacement of different vehicle types and battery boxes. The components of the whole system of the rapid battery replacing station of the electric automobile battery box are symmetrically distributed by the longitudinal moving line of the stacker, so that the two battery replacing systems can run and work simultaneously, the space utilization rate and the battery replacing efficiency are improved, and the rapid battery replacing station has good popularization and application prospects.
Drawings
Fig. 1 (a), (B), and (C) are front views of the overall composition structure of the quick battery replacement station of the battery box of the electric vehicle of the present invention, respectively. Side and top views.
Fig. 2 (a) and (B) are a front view and a top view of the rapid battery replacement station of the battery box of the electric vehicle with the roof removed, respectively.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the underground part of the quick power change station of the present invention, in which the positions of the battery box bracket and the inner and outer rollgangs are marked.
Fig. 4 is an isometric view of a single-side swapping system of the rapid swapping station of the present invention.
Fig. 5 (a) and (B) are front views and perspective views, respectively, of the battery box exchanging platform of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a battery box replacing method of the quick battery replacing station of the electric vehicle battery box of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the structural composition of the quick battery replacement station of the electric vehicle battery box of the invention is described:
the quick power change station comprises the following devices: the automobile positioning platform 1, the battery box goes up and down to change platform 2, stacker 3, battery box storage rack 4, rollgang 5, the commodity circulation transmission mouth 6 of battery box and trade the power supply system who constitutes by solar photovoltaic power generation panel 71 on the power station roof 7 (this equipment is the optional accessory for satisfy the power supply of each equipment in the station, or charge for the battery box 8 in the station, in order to strive for the self-sufficiency that realizes the electric energy through solar energy, need not to connect current power grid and get the electricity). The devices of the invention are symmetrically arranged by the longitudinal moving axis of the stacker 3 (see fig. 2) so as to realize that two battery replacing systems complete battery replacing operation for the electric automobile 9 at the same time, thereby improving the space utilization rate and the battery replacing efficiency.
The structural composition of each device of the present invention is specifically described below:
the vehicle positioning platform 1 for vehicle parking and longitudinal rough positioning is located above the battery box lifting and replacing platform 2, and is provided with three main components: a wheel guide groove 11 for guiding the advancing direction of the wheel, an electromagnetic ground trap unit 12, and a middle through hole 13. The wheel guide grooves 11 are symmetrically distributed along the longitudinal axis of the automobile positioning platform 1, two convex rails 3-10 cm higher than the plane of the platform 2 are arranged, one convex rail at the front end of each wheel guide groove is in a horn mouth shape, and the other convex rail is a single rail with a half horn mouth and is used for guiding the advancing direction of wheels when an electric vehicle drives in, so that the electric vehicle is prevented from being sunk into a rectangular through hole opening 13 in the middle of the platform, and meanwhile, the transverse positioning accuracy of the electric vehicle is guaranteed. The electromagnetic trap units 12 are symmetrically arranged on the middle through hole opening 13 and two sides of the longitudinal axis of the automobile positioning platform 1. The electromagnetic ground trap unit 12 is controlled by a spring and an electromagnetic positioning pin to act and is used for longitudinally and roughly positioning the position of the automobile wheel; namely, when a vehicle enters the battery replacement station, the front-rear wheel base of the vehicle is determined according to the detected vehicle type, and then which ground sinking block in the electromagnetic ground sinking unit 12 sinks is controlled, so that after the vehicle drives onto the platform 1, the vehicle is limited to continue to drive, and the vehicle is roughly positioned on the vehicle positioning platform 1 in a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction.
The battery box lifting and replacing platform 2 is positioned right below a middle through hole 13 of the automobile positioning platform 1 and comprises the following components: by means of a double-layer scissor mechanism 21 driven by a hydraulic piston or a motor and a lead screw to lift, the three-degree-of-freedom adjusting and positioning component realizing horizontal rotation, longitudinal movement or transverse movement by wireless remote control is as follows: a rotary positioning platform 25 and a longitudinally or laterally moving positioning member. The rotary positioning platform 25 for bearing the full-power or insufficient-power battery box 8 is positioned on the top layer and comprises two layers of steel plates, a thrust ball bearing, a circumferential positioning ball and a pneumatic positioning pin, wherein the thrust ball bearing, the circumferential positioning ball and the pneumatic positioning pin are respectively positioned in the center and the periphery of an interlayer of the steel plates (see figure 5), and the circumferential positioning ball between the two layers of steel plates is slightly rotated around a central axis in a platform groove on the lower layer of the circumferential positioning ball between the two layers of steel plates to adjust the angle error between the battery box 8. The longitudinally movable positioning members are respectively composed of a longitudinally movable platform 24 and a ball screw and a driving motor 22 thereof, and similarly, the transversely movable positioning members are respectively composed of a transversely movable platform 23 and a ball screw and a driving motor (not shown) thereof, and an electro-hydraulic control box (not shown). The double-layer scissor lifting mechanism 21 is used for lifting the rotary positioning platform 25, has a large moving distance, and can jack the battery box for a set distance to complete the replacement of the battery box. The transverse or longitudinal movement platforms 23, 24 are used to effect transverse or longitudinal translation of the rotational positioning platform 25 to adjust the distance between the battery box elevation exchange platform 2 and the target position of the vehicle. The table-board of the rotary positioning platform 25 is also provided with: a positioning pin 26 for accurately positioning the battery box when the battery box is placed, and a video monitoring camera 28 for monitoring the loading and unloading positioning of the battery box and laser positioning holes 27 on both sides of the video monitoring camera. The device realizes the adjustment of three degrees of freedom of transverse, longitudinal and rotation by combining all parts so as to determine the accurate butt joint of the battery box 8 and the target position of the automobile.
The stacker 3 on the longitudinal axis of the symmetrically arranged battery replacing stations is a traditional tunnel stacker and is used for automatically storing and taking the battery boxes 8, so that the quick and efficient storage and stacking of the battery boxes are realized. The component parts comprise: the frame columns 31, the top rail 32 and the bottom rail are provided with a goods storage and taking mechanism, a goods carrying platform 33 capable of executing transverse bilateral goods storage and taking operation, a running mechanism, a lifting mechanism and an electric control device which are not shown in the figure. The stacker realizes the automatic operation of goods storage and taking, so that the storage and taking of the battery box are quick and efficient.
Two rows of battery box storage racks 4 of a semi-underground structure are symmetrically arranged and are respectively arranged at two sides of the stacker 3, namely, are positioned between two battery replacing systems to realize sharing, wherein the left side 41 is used for storing full-charge battery boxes, and the right side 42 is used for storing insufficient-charge battery boxes. The battery box is reasonable in layout structure, high in space utilization rate and capable of storing the battery box at certain advantages.
The conveying roller table 5 is a short roller table driven by a motor and used for bearing and conveying the battery box 8, and the following four types are arranged (see fig. 3 and fig. 2): and the outer roller way 52 is used for temporarily storing the fully-charged battery box 8 and is positioned on the underground outer side of the battery box lifting and replacing platform 2. An inner roller way 51 used for being matched with the stacker 3 to convey the battery box 8 is positioned on the underground inner side of the battery box lifting and replacing platform 2. And the battery box bracket roller way 53 is positioned on the battery box lifting and replacing platform 2 and is used for positioning, conveying and storing the battery box 8 to be loaded and unloaded. There are two stream port roller beds 54 on the ground: at two ends of the battery box material flow transmission port 6, a material flow distribution vehicle is used for sending and taking the battery box. All the conveying roller ways adopt a short roller way structure, and the long roller ways can be stressed unevenly and bent after long-time operation, so that the positioning of the battery box in the conveying process is influenced.
The logistics transmission port 6 of the battery box is positioned at one end of a ground rail of the stacker 3, so that the stacker can conveniently enter the battery box storage rack 4 to place the fully charged battery box to be conveyed into the battery box storage rack 4 through a roller way at one side of the transmission port 6, or send out the insufficient-charge battery box taken out of the battery box storage rack 4 through a roller way at the other side of the transmission port, and then the insufficient-charge battery box is conveyed to a battery box charging station by a logistics distribution vehicle to be uniformly charged.
Referring to fig. 6, the specific operation steps of the battery box replacing method of the quick battery replacing station for the electric vehicle battery box of the invention are described:
(1) taking a full-charge battery box: after the electric automobile enters the station and is swiped the card, the control system of the quick battery replacing station transmits the type of the electric automobile and the information of the battery box thereof to the storage control device of the battery box storage rack, sends an instruction of taking the full-charge battery box for the stacker, and starts to replace the preparation operation of the battery box: the stacker takes a corresponding full-charge battery box from the battery box storage rack and sends the full-charge battery box to the inner side roller way;
(2) temporarily storing a full-electric battery box: after the full-electricity battery box is conveyed to the outer roller way from the inner roller way through the battery box bracket roller way on the battery box lifting replacement platform, temporarily storing the full-electricity battery box in the outer roller way;
(3) and (3) coarse positioning of the automobile: the electric automobile drives into the automobile positioning platform, and rough positioning is carried out by utilizing the wheel guide groove and the electromagnetic ground sinking unit;
(4) battery box positioning: two laser holes on a rotary positioning platform of the battery box lifting replacement platform emit two beams of laser to irradiate the bottom surface of the battery box of the automobile; then observing whether the two beams of laser are aligned to the mark points on the bottom surface of the battery box through a video monitor on the rotary positioning platform, and respectively controlling the displacement of the transverse and longitudinal moving platforms and the rotation of the rotary positioning platform by using a motor so as to align the two beams of laser to the mark points and automatically record the motion displacement of the three-degree-of-freedom driving motor;
(5) unloading the insufficient-power battery box: the hydraulic piston or the motor lead screw drives the double-layer scissor mechanism to lift by the control button, the rotary positioning platform is unlocked after being completely contacted with the battery box, the power-lack battery box is separated from the automobile chassis, and the power-lack battery box is released and unloaded;
(6) and (3) conveying a power-shortage battery box: the double-layer scissor mechanism of the battery box lifting replacement platform descends to restore the power-lack battery box to the initial position of the three-dimensional adjusting member, so that the power-lack battery box falls onto a battery box bracket roller way on the lifting replacement platform, is conveyed to an inner side roller way, is taken away by a stacker and is placed into a battery box storage rack for charging;
(7) conveying a full-electric battery box: the full-charge battery box temporarily stored on the outer roller way is conveyed to the position right above the lifting replacement platform by the outer roller way;
(8) loading a full-electric battery box: the battery box lifting and replacing platform recovers the displacement of the transverse and longitudinal moving platform and the rotation angle of the rotary positioning platform recorded in the step (4), and then is lifted by the double-layer scissor mechanism, the fully charged battery box is lifted and loaded onto the electric automobile, and after the battery box is locked by a motor lock in the automobile, the battery box lifting and replacing platform descends, so that the three-dimensional adjusting component recovers the initial position of the three-dimensional adjusting component, and the replacement of the battery box is completed; the electric automobile is out of the station;
(9) and finishing all the operations of quick battery replacement and waiting for the next battery replacement.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a quick power station that trades of electric automobile battery box which characterized in that: the quick power change station at least comprises the following devices: the automatic battery replacing system comprises an automobile positioning platform, a battery box lifting replacing platform, a stacker, a battery box storage rack, a logistics transmission port of the battery box and a conveying roller way, wherein all the devices are symmetrically arranged on the longitudinal moving axis of the stacker so as to realize that two battery replacing systems work simultaneously and improve the space utilization rate and the battery replacing efficiency; wherein,
the automobile positioning platform is positioned above the battery box lifting and replacing platform and used for parking vehicles and roughly positioning the vehicles longitudinally and transversely; is provided with: the wheel guide groove is positioned in the middle of the through hole and used for guiding the advancing direction of the wheel; the wheel guide grooves are two convex rails which are symmetrically distributed along the longitudinal axis of the automobile positioning platform and are 3-10 cm higher than the platform plane, one convex rail at the front end of the wheel guide groove is in a bell mouth shape, and the other convex rail is a single rail with a half bell mouth, so that the wheel guide groove is used for guiding the advancing direction of wheels when an electric vehicle drives in, avoiding a rectangular through hole opening sunk in the middle of the platform, and simultaneously ensuring accurate transverse coarse positioning; the electromagnetic ground trap units are symmetrically distributed on the opening of the middle rectangular through hole of the automobile positioning platform and two sides of the longitudinal axis, and ground trap blocks controlled by a spring and an electromagnetic positioning pin to act are arranged and used for longitudinally and roughly positioning the positions of the wheels of the automobile; when a vehicle enters the battery replacement station, determining the front and rear wheel base of the vehicle according to the detected vehicle type, and controlling which ground subsidence block in the electromagnetic ground subsidence unit to sink so as to limit the vehicle to continuously run after the vehicle runs onto the platform and realize longitudinal coarse positioning on the vehicle positioning platform;
the battery box lifting and replacing platform is positioned right below the middle through hole of the automobile positioning platform and is used for dismounting and positioning the battery box; the component parts include: the device comprises a three-degree-of-freedom adjusting and positioning component for realizing horizontal rotation, longitudinal movement or transverse movement through wireless remote control, a double-layer scissor mechanism driven to lift by a hydraulic piston or a motor and a lead screw, a rotary positioning platform and an electro-hydraulic control box; the rotary positioning platform is positioned at the top layer and consists of two layers of steel plates, thrust ball bearings, circumferential positioning balls and pneumatic positioning pins which are respectively positioned at the center and the periphery of an interlayer of the steel plates, and the longitudinal or transverse moving positioning component consists of a longitudinal or transverse moving platform, a ball screw and a driving motor of the moving platform;
the stacker is a roadway stacker, is positioned on a longitudinal axis of the symmetrically arranged battery replacing stations, and is used for automatically storing and taking the battery boxes and realizing the storage, taking and stacking of the battery boxes; the component parts include: the device comprises a running mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a cargo carrying platform provided with a cargo storing and taking mechanism, a rack and an electrical control device, wherein the cargo storing and taking mechanism can perform transverse bilateral cargo storing and taking operation;
the battery box storage racks are symmetrically arranged and are respectively arranged at two sides of the stacker and are in a semi-underground structure, and the battery box storage racks are used for respectively storing battery boxes which are full of electricity and lack of electricity; the battery box is reasonable in layout and high in space utilization rate, and has advantages in storage of the battery box;
the logistics transmission port of the battery box is positioned at one end of the stacker track and used for conveying the fully charged battery box to the stacker goods taking mechanism through the roller way on one side of the transmission port, and the battery box is placed into the battery box storage rack by the stacker, or the insufficient-charge battery box taken out of the battery box storage rack is conveyed out through the roller way on the other side of the transmission port and then is conveyed to the battery box charging station by the logistics distribution vehicle for uniform charging;
the conveying roller way is a short roller way driven by a motor and is used for bearing and conveying the battery box; there are four types in total: the device comprises an outer roller way, an inner roller way, a battery box bracket roller way and a logistics transmission port roller way.
2. The rapid swapping station of claim 1, wherein: quick power change station still includes: the power supply system which is arranged on the ceiling of the ground equipment of the quick power conversion station and consists of the solar photovoltaic power generation cell panel is used for meeting the power supply of the equipment in the station or charging a cell box in the station so as to strive for realizing self-sufficiency of electric energy through solar energy and obtain electricity without connecting the existing power grid.
3. The rapid swapping station of claim 1, wherein: the rotary positioning platform is used for bearing a full-power or insufficient-power battery box, and the rotary positioning platform adjusts the angle error between the battery box and a target position by small rotation of circumferential positioning balls between two layers of platforms in a groove of a lower layer of the rotary positioning platform around a central axis; the double-layer scissor lifting mechanism is used for lifting the rotary positioning platform, has a large moving distance, and can jack the battery box for a set distance to complete the replacement of the battery box; the transverse or longitudinal moving platform is used for realizing transverse or longitudinal translation so as to adjust the distance between the battery box lifting replacement platform and the automobile target position; the combination of all parts realizes the three-dimensional adjustment of horizontal, vertical and rotation to confirm the accurate butt joint of battery box and car target location.
4. The rapid swapping station of claim 1, wherein: a battery box positioning pin is arranged on the table top of the rotary positioning platform and used for accurately positioning when a battery box is placed; the rotary positioning platform is provided with a video monitoring camera and laser positioning holes on two sides of the video monitoring camera and is used for monitoring the loading, unloading and positioning of the battery box.
5. The swapping station of claim 1, wherein: the outer roller way is positioned underground outside the battery box lifting and replacing platform and is used for temporarily storing a fully charged battery box; the inner roller way is positioned underground at the inner side of the battery box lifting and replacing platform and is used for being matched with a stacker to convey the battery box; the battery box bracket roller way is positioned on the battery box lifting and replacing platform and is used for positioning, transmitting and storing the battery box to be loaded and unloaded; the two logistics transmission port roller tables are respectively positioned at two ends of the logistics transmission port of the battery box and used for the logistics distribution vehicle to send and take the battery box.
6. A method of replacing a battery using the rapid swap station of claim 1, comprising: the method comprises the following operation steps:
(1) taking a full-charge battery box: after the electric automobile enters the station and is swiped the card, the control system of the quick battery replacing station transmits the type of the electric automobile and the information of the battery box thereof to the storage control device of the battery box storage rack, sends an instruction of taking the full-charge battery box for the stacker, and starts to replace the preparation operation of the battery box: the stacker takes a corresponding full-charge battery box from the battery box storage rack and sends the full-charge battery box to the inner side roller way;
(2) temporarily storing a full-electric battery box: after the full-electricity battery box is conveyed to the outer roller way from the inner roller way through the battery box bracket roller way on the battery box lifting replacement platform, temporarily storing the full-electricity battery box in the outer roller way;
(3) and (3) coarse positioning of the automobile: the electric automobile drives into the automobile positioning platform, and rough positioning is carried out by utilizing the wheel guide groove and the electromagnetic ground sinking unit;
(4) battery box positioning: two laser holes on a rotary positioning platform of the battery box lifting replacement platform emit two beams of laser to irradiate the bottom surface of the battery box of the automobile; then observing whether the two beams of laser are aligned to the mark points on the bottom surface of the battery box through a video monitor on the rotary positioning platform, and respectively controlling the displacement of the transverse and longitudinal moving platforms and the rotation of the rotary positioning platform by using a motor so as to align the two beams of laser to the mark points and automatically record the motion displacement of the three-degree-of-freedom driving motor;
(5) unloading the insufficient-power battery box: the hydraulic piston or the motor lead screw drives the double-layer scissor mechanism to lift by the control button, the rotary positioning platform is unlocked after being completely contacted with the battery box, the power-lack battery box is separated from the automobile chassis, and the power-lack battery box is released and unloaded;
(6) and (3) conveying a power-shortage battery box: the double-layer scissor mechanism of the battery box lifting replacement platform descends to restore the power-lack battery box to the initial position of the three-dimensional adjusting member, so that the power-lack battery box falls onto a battery box bracket roller way on the lifting replacement platform, is conveyed to an inner side roller way, is taken away by a stacker and is placed into a battery box storage rack for charging;
(7) conveying a full-electric battery box: the full-charge battery box temporarily stored on the outer roller way is conveyed to the position right above the lifting replacement platform by the outer roller way;
(8) loading a full-electric battery box: the battery box lifting and replacing platform recovers the displacement of the transverse and longitudinal moving platform and the rotation angle of the rotary positioning platform recorded in the step (4), and then is lifted by the double-layer scissor mechanism, the fully charged battery box is lifted and loaded onto the electric automobile, and after the battery box is locked by a motor lock in the automobile, the battery box lifting and replacing platform descends, so that the three-dimensional adjusting component recovers the initial position of the three-dimensional adjusting component, and the replacement of the battery box is completed; the electric automobile is out of the station;
(9) and finishing all the operations of quick battery replacement and waiting for the next battery replacement.
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| CN 201110108537 CN102267437B (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2011-04-28 | Fast power transformation station of battery box of electric automobile and replacement method of battery box |
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| CN 201110108537 CN102267437B (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2011-04-28 | Fast power transformation station of battery box of electric automobile and replacement method of battery box |
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| CN102267437B true CN102267437B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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