CN102208817A - Reactive-power-disturbance-based grid-connected island detection method for photovoltaic system - Google Patents
Reactive-power-disturbance-based grid-connected island detection method for photovoltaic system Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reactive-power-disturbance-based island detection method for a photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: detecting the voltage amplitude and frequency of a grid connection point in real time by using the system, judging whether the voltage amplitude and frequency of the grid connection point reach system protection threshold values or not, and if the voltage amplitude and frequency of the grid connection point reach the system protection threshold values, enabling an anti-island protection signal; and if the voltage amplitude and frequency of the grid connection point do not reach the system protection threshold values, controlling an inversion output signal of the system by using bilateral intermittent periodical reactive power disturbance to realize the change of the output voltage amplitude and frequency of the system, and detecting the change of the output voltage amplitude and frequency of the system in real time, wherein a bilateral intermittent period comprises a reactive power output time period and an intermittent time period, reactive power disturbance values of each time period take the voltage period of a power grid voltage and the sampling period of the system as regulation variables, and the reactive power disturbance realizes the change of the output voltage amplitude and frequency of the system by the inversion control of a reactive power ring. By the method, the rapid and accurate power-grid island running detection of the photovoltaic system can be realized, and the disturbance to the power-grid system can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the parallel network power generation technical field, specifically is a kind of photovoltaic system grid-connected island detection method based on idle disturbance.
Background technology
The energy has become the common significant problem of paying close attention to of international community, and new forms of energy such as solar energy are because characteristics such as its renewable and cleaning more and more come into one's own, and parallel network power generation is a kind of important way of utilizing solar energy on a large scale.Photovoltaic system converts the direct current that solar cell sends to alternating current by combining inverter, directly to mains supply, does not need energy storage devices such as storage battery, and the construction and the maintenance cost of system are low.
When electrical network is unusual, the local load of photovoltaic generating system and part will break away from from main electrical network, and photovoltaic system still continues as the regional area load that is attached thereto this moment and powers, and forms the local electric network composition that has Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and load, and this operation conditions is called isolated island.In grid-connected photovoltaic system shown in Figure 1, when switch S was closed, system was incorporated into the power networks; When switch S disconnects, system's islet operation.If can not in time it be detected after isolated island takes place and the halt system operation, may cause following harm: photovoltaic system itself may cause damage owing to the time control of voltage or frequency; Power consumption equipment may be damaged owing to the voltage in the isolated island or frequency exceed tolerance interval; Life to the electric power overhaul personnel or the public threatens; When the electrical network reclosing,, may cause the tripping operation once more of short-circuiting device or the equipment in the infringement photovoltaic generating system because voltage, frequency and phase place in isolated island and the electrical network do not match; If load capacity during greater than the inverter capacity, can cause damage to inverter etc.
Therefore, require photovoltaic system can detect in time whether the islet operation phenomenon takes place, and photovoltaic system can in time be stopped power supply when isolated island takes place, and IEEE Std.929-2000 standard-required will detect isolated island and close grid-connected system in after isolated island takes place 2 seconds.The island detection technology can be divided into passive type and active two classes.The passive type detection technique generally is the monitoring electric network state, as voltage, frequency, as judging the whether foundation of fault of electrical network, the advantage of passive type monitoring is not need external disturbance, therefore can not influence the quality of power supply, but its shortcoming is that power output when photovoltaic system is during with bearing power maintenance balance, after the electrical network cut-out, system voltage and frequency significant change can not occur, can't detect the operation phenomenon of isolated island.The active detecting rule is regularly to inject interference signal to electrical network by photovoltaic system, and detection system is subjected to the response after the disturbance, judges whether electrical network is cut off.Active detecting method commonly used has electric network impedance mensuration and active frequency displacement deflection method (AFD); Described electric network impedance mensuration, its basic principle are to inject disturbance in grid-connected current, detect corresponding voltage response and calculate electric network impedance, and when isolated island took place, this disturbance can make the line voltage of measuring exceed threshold value, thereby detected the generation of isolated island; Described intentional frequency offset method, its basic principle are to add frequency disturbance in grid-connected system output, and when isolated island took place, this frequency disturbance can make system become unstable, thereby detected the generation of isolated island; Be that the overvoltage/undervoltage protection of Voltage Feedback or the low-and high-frequency protection of intentional frequency offset method all exist bigger non-detection zone; Even protection of use overvoltage/undervoltage and low-and high-frequency protection combine, also exist non-detection blind area, the minimizing check blind area of the energy of therefore how trying one's best; realize isolated island check non-blind area; and have the speed of checking faster, and engineering practicability, be the key technical problem of the solution of this area needs.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of island detection technology in the existing photovoltaic parallel in system, realize that the quick and non-blind area of photovoltaic system islet operation state detects, and reduce interference electrical network.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is:
A kind of island detection method of the grid-connected photovoltaic system based on idle disturbance may further comprise the steps:
System detects the also voltage magnitude and the frequency of site in real time, judges and the voltage magnitude of site and the threshold value whether frequency reaches system protection, if reach, starts and prevents the isolated island guard signal;
Otherwise by the reactive power disturbance of bilateral resting period property, the inverter output signal of control system is realized the variation of system's output voltage amplitude and frequency, and detects in real time; The cycle of above-mentioned bilateral resting period property comprises reactive power output time section and intermittent time section, and the reactive power disturbed value of each time period is a regulated variable with the cycle of line voltage and the sampling period of system.Above-mentioned reactive power disturbance realizes the change of system's output frequency and voltage magnitude by the inversion control of reactive power outer shroud.
Further,
Detect in real time and judge and the voltage magnitude of site and the step of frequency comprise: operating software phase-locked loop program, the frequency of acquisition system and site, and judge and whether the frequency of site reaches the threshold value of frequency protection, if reach, start anti-isolated island protection mechanism; Otherwise, operation three-phase voltage sampling routine, and the effective value of calculating three-phase voltage, and judge whether the three-phase voltage effective value reaches the threshold value of line voltage amplitude protection, if reach, start the isolated island protection mechanism;
The cycle of described line voltage and the sampling period of system are counted, and the cycle count circulation of line voltage is 100 times, and the count cycle in the sampling period of system is 204 times; The reactive power disturbed value computational methods of described each time period are as follows:
The 0th electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=K*P* (m/204);
The the 1st to 4 electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=K*P;
The 5th electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=K*P* (1-m/204);
The 6th electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=-K*P* (m/204);
The the 7th to 10 electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=-K*P;
The 11st electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=-K*P (1-m/204);
The the 12nd to 99 electrical network is in the cycle, and the reactive power disturbed value is 0;
Wherein, K is a coefficient of disturbance, and P is given active power value, and m is sampling period value m=0～203 of system; Described reactive power output time section comprises the 0th to 11 electrical network cycle; Described intermittent time section comprises the 12nd to 99 electrical network cycle.
Described reactive power ring is that reactive power and given idle disturbance reference signal that system's output is fed back are compared, form the instantaneous error conditioning signal, through the reactive power pi regulator, as given fiducial value, compare with current feedback signal, form control signal, the frequency and the amplitude of control system output.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, the idle method of perturbation of bilateral resting period property that the present invention adopts detects the islet operation state of photovoltaic system, by positive and negative bilateral resting period property grid-connected system is carried out idle disturbance, realized the accurate detection of photovoltaic system grid-connected island operation, and reduced interference grid-connected system.Improving island detection speed, reducing and detect the blind area, reduce aspects such as Disturbance in Power Net, all obviously be better than conventional method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the basic block diagram of photovoltaic parallel in system;
Fig. 2 is for realizing a kind of embodiment structural representation of islet operation detecting method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of islet operation detecting method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the waveform schematic diagram of the reactive power output of island detection method of the present invention, and P is system's power-handling capability, and T is the line voltage periodic quantity;
Fig. 5 is the simulated effect figure of island detection method of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is running effect figure of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, realize the system configuration of a kind of embodiment of the inventive method, system adopts the combining inverter of single-stage+Industrial Frequency Transformer structure, and control device adopts the TMS320F2808 chip.The inversion control of system adopts three ring control modes of reactive power ring+Voltage loop+electric current loop, reactive power ring and Voltage loop are outer shroud control, electric current loop is interior ring control, output feedback reactive power and given idle disturbing signal are relatively, form the instantaneous error conditioning signal, through behind the reactive power pi regulator as the given fiducial value of electric current of reactive power ring, output feedback voltage and given voltage reference signal are relatively, form the instantaneous error conditioning signal, conduct is as the given fiducial value of outer voltage behind the overvoltage pi regulator, the given fiducial value of electric current of given fiducial value of the electric current of reactive power ring and outer voltage and current feedback signal are relatively, form the instantaneous error signal, produce current error control signal, the output of control system through the current PI adjuster.
System's major parameter is as follows:
Rated power: P=100kW
DC bus-bar voltage: 670V
Switching frequency: 10.2KHz
Transformer voltage ratio: N=1: 1.36
The output number of phases: three-phase
Grid line voltage: 380Vrms
Electrical network phase voltage: 220Vrms
Mains frequency: 50H
Coefficient of disturbance: 0.07
The upper threshold value of electrical network phase voltage protection: 242V
The lower threshold value of electrical network phase voltage protection: 187V
The upper threshold value of mains frequency: 50.5Hz
The lower threshold value of mains frequency: 49.5Hz
The voltage detecting circuit of system to and the site alternating voltage sample, frequency detection circuit to and the frequency of site sample, obtain the voltage magnitude and the frequency values of system.
The island detection program judges according to voltage magnitude and frequency values that sampling obtains whether system the isolated island phenomenon takes place, if close and drive output; Otherwise, providing the idle disturbing signal of system according to the idle method of perturbation of two-way resting period property, the idle disturbing signal that idle disturbance control ring acquisition system provides drives the IGBT inverter, injects disturbing signal to grid-connected current.
With reference to flow chart 3, the TMS320F2808 chip is operating software phase-locked loop program and line voltage cycle and sampling period counting procedure at first, the frequency of acquisition system and site, and whether the electric voltage frequency fpcc of judgement and site reaches the threshold value of frequency protection, if reach, start anti-isolated island protection mechanism; Otherwise, operation three-phase voltage sampling routine, and the effective value of calculating three-phase voltage, and judge whether the three-phase voltage effective value reaches the threshold value of line voltage amplitude protection, if reach, start the isolated island protection mechanism; Otherwise, call the result of line voltage cycle and sampling period counter, with line voltage cycle and sampling period be regulated variable, adopt the idle perturbation motion method of bilateral intermittent periods it to provide idle disturbed value, its process is:
Judge whether the line voltage cycle counter value is 0, if the reactive power set-point is 7%P * (m/204); Otherwise, judge whether the line voltage cycle counter value is 1～4, if the reactive power set-point is 7%P; Otherwise, judge whether the line voltage cycle counter value is 5, if the reactive power set-point is 7%P * (1-m/204); Otherwise, judge whether the line voltage cycle counter value is 6, if the reactive power set-point is-7%P * m/204; Otherwise, judge whether the line voltage cycle counter value is 7～10, if the reactive power set-point is-7%P; Otherwise, judge whether the line voltage cycle counter value is 11, if the reactive power set-point is-7%P (1-m/204); Otherwise, judge whether the line voltage cycle counter value is 12～200, if the reactive power set-point is 0; Otherwise, the zero clearing of line voltage cycle counter value; Wherein P is the nominal operation power 100KW of system; The waveform schematic diagram of the reactive power output of island detection method as shown in Figure 4.
As can be seen from Figure 5, there is not the blind area of island detection in system; As can be seen from Figure 6, when coefficient of disturbance 0.14, the PF index of system is 0.99, when coefficient of disturbance was 0.1, the PF index of system was 0.9945, and the coefficient of disturbance of present embodiment gets 0.07, the PF index of system is 0.9972, and visible system is little to the interference of electrical network; From Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 as can be seen, the island detection method based on the idle disturbance of two-way resting period property that adopts of native system has not have and detects the blind area, detects fast, little to Disturbance in Power Net characteristics.
Above embodiment only for explanation technological thought of the present invention, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this, every technological thought that proposes according to the present invention, and any change of being done on the technical scheme basis all falls within the protection range of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. island detection method based on the grid-connected photovoltaic system of idle disturbance is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
System detects the also voltage magnitude and the frequency of site in real time, judges and the voltage magnitude of site and the threshold value whether frequency reaches system protection, if reach, starts and prevents the isolated island guard signal;
Otherwise by the reactive power disturbance of bilateral resting period property, the inverter output signal of control system is realized the variation of system's output voltage amplitude and frequency, and detects in real time; The cycle of described bilateral resting period property comprises reactive power output time section and intermittent time section, and the reactive power disturbed value of each time period is a regulated variable with the cycle of line voltage and the sampling period of system.Described reactive power disturbance realizes the change of system's output frequency and voltage magnitude by the inversion control of reactive power ring.
2. the island detection method of a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system based on idle disturbance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, detects in real time and judges and the voltage magnitude of site and the step of frequency comprise:
Operating software phase-locked loop program, the frequency of acquisition system and site, and judge also whether the frequency of site reaches the threshold value of frequency protection, if reach, start anti-isolated island protection mechanism; Otherwise, operation three-phase voltage sampling routine, and the effective value of calculating three-phase voltage, and judge whether the three-phase voltage effective value reaches the threshold value of line voltage amplitude protection, if reach, start the isolated island protection mechanism;
3. the island detection method of a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system based on idle disturbance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the cycle of described line voltage and the sampling period of system are counted, the cycle count circulation of line voltage is 100 times, and the count cycle in the sampling period of system is 204 times; The reactive power disturbed value computational methods of described each time period are as follows:
The 0th electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=K*P* (m/204);
The the 1st to 4 electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=K*P;
The 5th electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=K*P* (1-m/204);
The 6th electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=-K*P* (m/204);
The the 7th to 10 electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=-K*P;
The 11st electrical network be in the cycle, reactive power disturbed value, θ
p=-K*P (1-m/204);
The the 12nd to 99 electrical network is in the cycle, and the reactive power disturbed value is 0;
Wherein, K is a coefficient of disturbance, and P is given active power value, and m is sampling period value m=0～203 of system; Described reactive power output time section comprises the 0th to 11 electrical network cycle; Described intermittent time section comprises the 12nd to 99 electrical network cycle.
4. the island detection method of a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system based on idle disturbance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described reactive power ring is that reactive power and given idle disturbance reference signal that system's output is fed back are compared, form the instantaneous error conditioning signal, through the reactive power pi regulator,, compare with current feedback signal as given fiducial value, form control signal, the frequency and the amplitude of control system output.
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Cited By (24)
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| CN102412592A (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2012-04-11 | 山亿新能源股份有限公司 | Island detection method and system for photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system |
| CN102545262A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-04 | 华北电力大学 | Method for detecting island of grid-connected photovoltaic power system on basis of electric energy quality constraint |
| CN102590663A (en) * | 2012-02-02 | 2012-07-18 | 浙江大学 | Improved intermittent reactive power disturbance island detection method |
| CN102611137A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-25 | 北京昆兰新能源技术有限公司 | Three-phase photovoltaic inverter active anti-island method based on reactive power disturbance |
| CN102914687A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-02-06 | 冶金自动化研究设计院 | Method for precisely calculating voltage or current effective value |
| CN102998559A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-03-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Island detection method and device and electric system |
| CN103048558A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-04-17 | 深圳航天科技创新研究院 | Hybrid active anti-islanding detection method and system |
| CN103117559A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-05-22 | 深圳市英威腾电气股份有限公司 | Method, device and inverter for improving grid-tied electric energy quality |
| CN103560538A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-05 | 东南大学 | Microgrid protection and switchover integrated control method based on storing energy at PCC |
| CN103645416A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2014-03-19 | 天津大学 | Microgrid non-destructive island detection method based on adaptive reactive disturbance |
| CN103869200A (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2014-06-18 | 国家电网公司 | Method for power distribution network island detection based on wide-area information |
| CN103969549A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-08-06 | 珠海许继电气有限公司 | Island detection method and device for electrical power device |
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| CN106019010A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 南昌大学 | Mixed island detection method based on combination of slide mode frequency shift method and passive method |
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| CN103983873B (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2017-01-11 | 国网宁夏电力公司 | Island detection method suitable for multi-inverter parallel operation and based on impedance measurement |
| CN108306277A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2018-07-20 | 太阳能公司 | Master-slave architecture for controlling photovoltaic plant operation |
| CN108445424A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-08-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of hybrid inverse distributed power island detection method |
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