CN101650937A - Large power composite ultraphonic pipe - Google Patents
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- CN101650937A CN101650937A CN200910102269A CN200910102269A CN101650937A CN 101650937 A CN101650937 A CN 101650937A CN 200910102269 A CN200910102269 A CN 200910102269A CN 200910102269 A CN200910102269 A CN 200910102269A CN 101650937 A CN101650937 A CN 101650937A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large power composite ultraphonic pipe. A long composite ultraphonic pipe is formed in such a way that a plurality of short composite pipe piezoelectric transducer units areconnected along the axial direction by hollow thread pipes; both ends of the long composite ultraphonic pipe are provided with covers; each short composite pipe piezoelectric transducer unit comprises at least one cylindrical surface piezoelectric pile ring group; the outer parts of the cylindrical surface piezoelectric pile ring groups are provided with metal prestress shells; the outer walls ofthe cylindrical surface piezoelectric pile ring groups and the inner walls of the metal prestress shells are tightly compounded together; the inner parts of the cylindrical surface piezoelectric pilering groups are provided with expanding type prestress mechanisms; the two adjacent expanding type prestress mechanisms are electrically connected; the metal prestress shells of the two adjacent short composite pipe piezoelectric transducer units are electrically connected; cylindrical surface piezoelectric pile units in each cylindrical surface piezoelectric pile ring group are electrically connected, and the two adjacent cylindrical surface piezoelectric pile ring groups are electrically connected. The large power ultraphonic pipe can generate even cylindrical surface sound radiation in theradial omnidirectional range and is particularly suitable for the ultraphonic processing of liquid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic equipment, particularly a kind of large power composite ultraphonic pipe that can produce omnidirectional's cylinder radiation.
Background technology
The composite ultraphonic transducer is big with its power density, electromechanical conversion efficiency is high and steady performance, have widespread use in ultrasonic cleaning, ultra-sonic welded, UVC and the ultrasonic field of processing constant power, use the very wide vertical composite ultraphonic transducer of sandwich etc. as present ultrasonic engineering field.
Large power supersonic has broad application prospects in the liquid ultrasonic treatment technical field.The liquid ultrasonic treatment technology is to utilize ultrasonic vibrational energy to produce the green applications of ultrasound technology of a kind of energy-conserving and environment-protective that physical influences such as cavitation, radiation pressure and acoustic streaming handle liquid in liquid medium.As in the phonochemical reaction field, the physicochemical environment of cavitation uniqueness has been opened up new means of chemical reaction, can increase chemical reaction velocity suddenly.In water treatment field, supersonic synergic O
3Can reach more than 90% organic degradation rates such as BOD, COD.By continuing ultrasonic radiation, harmful organic substance can be degraded to the material of nontoxic or low toxicity such as inorganic ions, water, carbon dioxide or organic acid, and can shorten the processing time greatly.In addition, ultrasonic all right direct ancillary technique as the traditional chemical sterilization processing.When carrying out extensive water treatment with the traditional chemical method, increase ultrasonic radiation, the consumption of chemical agent can be reduced significantly, thereby the chemical contamination that environment is caused can be reduced greatly.Ultrasound wave is used for the Chinese medicinal ingredients extraction, is new method, new technology that herbal pharmaceutical thoroughly changes traditional poach alcohol precipitation extracting process.Ultrasonic extraction has distinguishing features such as heating-up temperature is low, the extraction time is short, extraction efficiency is high, energy consumption is low and the extraction process cost is low, overall economic efficiency height.
Traditional liquid ultrasonic treatment technology, as ultrasonic cleaning, degraded etc. is by applying sound field at container bottom or the vertical composite transducer of a bonding group pattern formula all around, because vertically transducer oscillator radiating surface is the plane, its radiated sound field directive property is strong, usually have sound field " blind area ", this is " bottleneck " that restricts liquid ultrasonic treatment usefulness at present.At present, for improving the homogeneity that sound field distributes in the liquid, improve the acoustic energy radiation efficiency, several cylindrical ultrasound transducers that can produce cylinder or the radiation of class cylinder have grown up.As: the patent No. is ZL 200520057492.4, name is called the utility model patent of " the ultrasonic rod that cleaning of evaporator is used ", by producing radial vibration at xsect for vertical piezoelectric vibrator of circular or the bonding some of polygonal pipe or the even compartment of terrain of water chestnut inside pipe wall.This ultrasonic bar energy converter is owing to adopt longitudinal vibration transducer to drive, and power can be bigger, and the weak point of existence is:
(1), longitudinal vibration transducer is that the compartment of terrain is installed on the thin walled tube inwall, so tube wall is not to be a kind of even radial vibration along rotational vibration, but flexural vibrations, thereby the acoustic energy radiation is along circumferentially inhomogeneous.To the tubular transducer of water chestnut, the acoustic energy radiation mainly concentrates on the first type surface direction that transducer is installed, and acoustic energy radiation " blind area " also can occur in the near field especially;
(2), for the lower ultrasonic bar energy converter of frequency, its lateral dimension (diameter) will be bigger, and its range of application is restricted.
In the prior art, the patent No. is ZL 200520075667.4, name is called the utility model patent of " large power supersonic transducer ", adopt the multistage mechanical vertically serial connection in short pipe piezoelectric transducer unit that has the metal stressed shell to form, this transducer can obtain radial vibration mode preferably, but following deficiency is arranged:
(1), the inner piezoelectric ceramic tube that adopts radial polarised of transducer, under the high-frequency electric field excitation, the radial vibration of transducer is that the 3-1 coupling by the piezoelectricity pipe realizes its transverse electromechanical coupling factor k
31Less.To PZT piezoelectric ceramics annulus commonly used or short pipe, k
31Value be about 0.33, thereby the electromechanical conversion efficiency of transducer is lower.
(2), the metal stressed shell only applied the unidirectional radially prestress of ecto-entad to the piezoelectric ceramic tube of inside, it is too big that this prestress can not apply, otherwise piezoelectric ceramic tube can be broken.Owing to can not apply enough big construction pre-stress to the piezoelectricity pipe, the power capacity of this transducer is restricted, and power density is less.In addition, the interior electrode (lead) of this transducer directly is welded on the coating electrode face of piezoelectric ceramics inside pipe wall, is " point " contact between the two, and when the transducer input electric power was big, strong vibration caused that easily high voltage arc and electrode come off.
(3), the metal shell of transducer is double-decker, and is oil-filled in the middle of the layer.According to the boundary reflection and the transmission theory of sound wave, sound wave can cause bigger acoustic energy transmission loss by metal and the very big interlayer of these two kinds of acoustic characteristic resistance differences of oil the time, thereby the acoustic radiation efficiency of transducer is reduced.In addition, the metal stressed shell piezoelectric ceramic tube inner with it of this ultrasonic transducer normally nests together by the method for expanding with heat and contract with cold, tolerance fit accuracy requirement between the two is very high, thereby very high to the circularity of piezoelectric ceramic tube and the surperficial depth of parallelism and stressed shell internal diameter requirement on machining accuracy, manufacture craft cost height.
The also famous in the market product that is called plug-type cylindricality transducer, its structure are two the vertical composite piezoelectric transducing devices that are coupled respectively at metal circular tube two ends, the extensional vibration of its two ends transducer are converted to the radial vibration of pipe by pipe.This cylindricality transducer is to utilize vertical transducer excitation, and power input is bigger.Weak point is:
(1), the radial vibration of this cylindricality transducer is that coupling by vertical and radial vibration mode obtains.Compare with the single vibration pattern, have the problem of an energy conversion efficiency.The vibrational energy conversion efficiency of normal mode conversion is lower than the transducer of single vibration pattern.
(2), pipe can only drive by the vertical composite transducer at two ends, so this cylindricality transducer gross output is limited.In addition, pipe length must satisfy the half-wavelength integral multiple, and pipe is unfit to do oversizely, otherwise transducer efficient is low.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of high power capacity, high radiation efficiency, can radially produce even cylinder sound radiation in omnidirectional's scope, be particularly suitable for the radially compound large power composite ultraphonic pipe of liquid ultrasonic treatment.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of large power composite ultraphonic pipe, comprise several short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit, it is characterized in that: described several short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit connect the growth composite ultraphonic pipe with the hollow thread pipe vertically, these long composite ultraphonic pipe two ends are provided with lid, each short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit comprises at least one cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group, cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group outside is provided with the metal stressed shell, cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group outer wall and metal stressed shell inwall closely are combined with each other, cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group inboard is provided with the expanding prestressing mechanism, be electrically connected between the expanding prestressing mechanism of inside, adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit, be electrically connected between the metal stressed shell of adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit, cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap unit in each cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group is electrically connected, and is electrically connected between adjacent two cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group.
Described cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group is that the unit is along the circumferential direction evenly distributed circularizes by several geometric parameters cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap consistent with performance, described cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap unit is to be formed by stacking by at least two arc piezoelectric ceramic pieces and the cylinder metal foil electrode that is clipped between the arc piezoelectric ceramic piece, the arc piezoelectric ceramic piece is the thickness polarization, adjacent two arc piezoelectric ceramic piece polarised directions are opposite, and the cylinder metal foil electrode of each cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap unit is electrically connected in the described cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group.
Further, adjacent two cylinder piezoelectric ceramics are piled and are provided with insulation vibration isolation thin slice between the unit.
Described expanding prestressing mechanism is made of curved metal lead-in, tapered cup nut and reverse thread pipe, its annexation is that the curved metal lead-in is connected by tapered cup nut with the reverse thread pipe, curved metal lead-in outer wall and cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group inwall close proximity are touched, and reverse thread inside pipe wall and hollow thread pipe outer wall close proximity are touched.
Curved metal lead-in outside surface is a cylinder, and its thickness is the conical surface from two ends to middle linear increasing.
Again further, be provided with insulation vibration isolation ring between adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit, be provided with waterproof ring between the metal stressed shell of adjacent two short composite piezoelectric transducing device unit, realize being electrically connected by the tight socket of becket again between the metal stressed shell of adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit.Described insulation vibration isolation ring plays insulation and vibration isolation effect, to reduce radially being coupled with extensional vibration between the adjacent short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit, improves the radially acoustic radiation efficiency of composite ultraphonic pipe.
The advantage of the composite ultraphonic pipe of technique scheme is:
(1), adopts the thickness vibration mode of the arc piezoelectric ceramic piece be the thickness polarization, its thickness electromechanical coupling coefficient k
tTransverse electromechanical coupling factor k than piezoelectric ceramic tube of the prior art
31High more than 40%, significantly improved the dynamo-electric transfer capability of piezoelectric ceramics.On the other hand, adopt cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap to drive, and utilize the expanding prestressing mechanism of inside cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap to be applied enough big radially compressive pre-stress with outside metal stressed shell is collaborative, make it to work in high-power radial vibration state, the power capacity of piezo ceramic element be can increase exponentially, and the electromechanical conversion efficiency and the acoustic radiation efficiency of this composite ultraphonic pipe significantly improved.Simultaneously, the expanding prestressing mechanism has also strengthened the radial rigidity of this composite ultraphonic pipe, makes it also to can be applicable to the High Voltage environment, as being used as deep-well oil-extraction acoustic emission transducer etc., has expanded its range of application.
(2), the prestress size of expanding prestressing mechanism that can be by regulating short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer inside adjusts resonance frequency of each short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit, makes the resonance frequency basically identical of each short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit of connection.In addition, utilize piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group directly to drive the external metallization stressed shell and do radial vibration, compare with the product of the same type of prior art, what its electroacoustic efficiency will be high is many.
(3), the composite transducer continuous working when the high-power applications state, its inner heat is very remarkable, high temperature can acceleration pressure electroceramics aging.This composite ultraphonic pipe transducer middle part is the hollow thread pipe, when it is operated in high-power state, can in its threaded line pipe, pass to the normal temperature fluid and carry out radiating and cooling, greatly reduce the aging speed of piezoelectric ceramics, prolong its mission life, and can significantly improve the stability of composite ultraphonic pipe work.In addition, the processing and fabricating of this composite ultraphonic pipe need not to carry out high-precision tolerance fit design, greatly reduces its assembly technology difficulty and technology cost.The piezoelectric element of this composite ultraphonic pipe and the assembling between the prestressed pipe do not need through bakingout process, and be detachable on the structure.
(4), can pass through design of Structural Parameters, obtain high-intensity cylindrical focusing ultrasonic field at the hollow thread tube's axis near zone of composite ultraphonic pipe, make it can be applicable to some high sound intensity technical fields, as Ultrasonic Pulverization etc.
The composite ultraphonic pipe of technique scheme is particularly useful for liquid sonicated technical fields such as high capacity ultrasonic cleaning, ultrasonic degradation, biodiesel manufacture and sonochemistry.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical section structure synoptic diagram of large power composite ultraphonic pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross section of large power composite ultraphonic pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the heap of the cylinder piezoelectric ceramics in the large power composite ultraphonic pipe of the present invention cell schematics.
Fig. 4 is the cylinder metal foil electrode synoptic diagram in the large power composite ultraphonic pipe of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the curved metal lead-in synoptic diagram in the large power composite ultraphonic pipe of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of large power composite ultraphonic pipe passes end cap 2 and four short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit 3 of being with central through hole by hollow thread pipe 1, passes the central through hole of end cap 4 again, utilizes nut 5 and 6 to screw respectively at two ends and is connected.Be provided with waterproof grommet 7 and 8 between end cap 2 and 4 central through hole and hollow thread pipe 1 and nut 5 and 6.Contain two groups of cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring groups in each short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit 3, as shown in Figure 2: every group of cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group piled the unit by the cylinder piezoelectric ceramics of eight geometric parameters and performance unanimity and constituted along evenly distributed the circularizing of circumference, as shown in Figure 3: each cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap unit is by two arc piezoelectric ceramic pieces 9 and be clipped in two cylinder metal foil electrodes 10 between the arc piezoelectric ceramic piece 9 the usefulness adhering with epoxy resin is superimposed and form, cylinder metal foil electrode 10 is as the public positive electrode of two arc piezoelectric ceramic pieces 9, described cylinder metal foil electrode 10 also is the cylinder shape, the cylinder metal foil electrode 10 usefulness leads of eight cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap unit in every group of cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group are connected, two arc piezoelectric ceramic pieces 9 of each cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap unit are the thickness polarization, and polarised direction is opposite, and adjacent two cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap is provided with insulation vibration isolation thin slice 11 between the unit.As shown in Figure 4: each cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group is pasted with epoxy resin and is solidificated on the inwall of its outside metal stressed shell 12, and described metal stressed shell 12 is a tubular, and its outside wall surface nickel plating is to improve corrosion resistance.
Cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group inboard is provided with the expanding prestressing mechanism, described expanding prestressing mechanism is made of curved metal lead-in 13, reverse thread pipe 14, tapered cup nut 15, its annexation is that curved metal lead-in 13 is connected by tapered cup nut 15 with reverse thread pipe 14, reverse thread pipe 14 two ends are processed with forward and reverse screw thread respectively, and material is a metal.Tapered cup nut 15 materials also are metal, and its lateral wall is the conical surface and matches with the inboard conical surface of curved metal bar 13.Curved metal lead-in 13 outer walls contact with the inwall of cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group.As shown in Figure 5, the lateral surface of described curved metal lead-in 13 is a cylinder, and medial surface is the conical surface, its thickness from two ends to middle linear increment.
The effect of expanding prestressing mechanism provides the prestress of radial dilatation from inside to outside to two groups of cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring groups of each 3 inside, short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit on the one hand, is used as the negative electrode of short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit on the other hand.When clockwise or when being rotated counterclockwise reverse thread pipe 14, a pair of tapered cup nut 15 is moved in opposite directions or to backward shift adjust radial dilatation prestress size, realize fine setting to short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer 3 resonance frequencies.
The insulated ring 16 that is provided with the band through hole between two groups of cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring groups of each 3 inside, short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit is separated.Be provided with insulation vibration isolation ring 17 between adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit 3, be provided with the waterproof ring 18 of band through hole between the metal stressed shell 12 of adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit 3, and realize being electrically connected by the tight sockets of becket 19, described becket 19 plays to fix and is connected effect with electrode.The cylinder metal foil electrode 10 usefulness leads 20 of two groups of cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap unit of each 3 inside, short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit weld together, adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer 3 internal cylinder metal foil electrodes 10 also are weldingly connected with lead 20 and connect, the inwall of the reverse thread pipe 14 of 3 inside, adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit contacts with the outer wall of hollow thread pipe 1 and is beneficial to conduct heat and realize electrical connection, and as negative electrode.On the end cap 4 through wires hole is arranged, be provided with water-proof wire seat 21 in the hole, be provided with waterproof grommet 22 between water-proof wire seat 21 and the through wires hole.The negative electrode of power lead 23 1 ends passes water-proof wire seat 21 backs and is welded on respectively on end cap 4 and the hollow thread pipe 1 with lead 24 and lead 25, end cap 2 and 4 is realized being electrically connected with the 12 tight sockets of metal stressed shell, and with the negative electrode of hollow thread pipe 1 as composite ultraphonic pipe.Positive electrode passes water-proof wire seat 21 back and is welded on the cylinder metal foil electrode 10 that each cylinder piezoelectric ceramics piles with lead 26 and lead 27, power lead 23 other ends be connected with external ultrasound power supply positive and negative electrode (ultrasonic-frequency power supply does not show among the figure).Be provided with vibration isolation sealing ring 28 between end cap 2 and the short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer 3, be provided with the vibration isolation sealing ring 29 of band through hole between end cap 4 and the short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer 3.
Above-mentioned short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit 3 can be a plurality of sockets vertically, and concrete socket number is determined according to power demand size in using.
The metal stressed shell of above-mentioned composite ultraphonic pipe outside is selected light metal material for use, as duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy or titanium alloy etc., and pipe thickness is thinner, the expanding prestressing mechanism material selection heavy metal that it is inner, as stainless steel or copper etc., can significantly improve the effective electro-mechanical couple factor keff of composite ultraphonic pipe and to external radiation acoustic energy efficient.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of large power composite ultraphonic pipe, comprise several short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit, it is characterized in that: described several short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit connect the growth composite ultraphonic pipe with the hollow thread pipe vertically, these long composite ultraphonic pipe two ends are provided with lid, each short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit comprises at least one cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group, cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group outside is provided with the metal stressed shell, cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group outer wall and metal stressed shell inwall closely are combined with each other, cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group inboard is provided with the expanding prestressing mechanism, be electrically connected between the expanding prestressing mechanism of inside, adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit, be electrically connected between the metal stressed shell of adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit, cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap unit in each cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group is electrically connected, and is electrically connected between adjacent two cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group.
2, large power composite ultraphonic pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group is that the unit is along the circumferential direction evenly distributed circularizes by several geometric parameters cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap consistent with performance, described cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap unit is to be formed by stacking by at least two arc piezoelectric ceramic pieces and the cylinder metal foil electrode that is clipped between the arc piezoelectric ceramic piece, the arc piezoelectric ceramic piece is the thickness polarization, adjacent two arc piezoelectric ceramic piece polarised directions are opposite, and the cylinder metal foil electrode of each cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap unit is electrically connected in the described cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group.
3, large power composite ultraphonic pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: adjacent two cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap is provided with insulation vibration isolation thin slice between the unit.
4, according to each described large power composite ultraphonic pipe of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described expanding prestressing mechanism is made of curved metal lead-in, tapered cup nut and reverse thread pipe, its annexation is that the curved metal lead-in is connected by tapered cup nut with the reverse thread pipe, curved metal lead-in outer wall and cylinder piezoelectric ceramics heap ring group inwall close proximity are touched, and reverse thread inside pipe wall and hollow thread pipe outer wall close proximity are touched.
5, large power composite ultraphonic pipe according to claim 4 is characterized in that: curved metal lead-in outside surface is a cylinder, and its thickness is the conical surface from two ends to middle linear increasing.
6, large power composite ultraphonic pipe according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: be provided with insulation vibration isolation ring between adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit, be provided with waterproof ring between the metal stressed shell of adjacent two short composite piezoelectric transducing device unit, realize being electrically connected by the tight socket of becket again between the metal stressed shell of adjacent two short complex pipe piezoelectric transducer unit.
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| CN200910102269XA CN101650937B (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2009-09-10 | Large power composite ultraphonic pipe |
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| CN200910102269XA CN101650937B (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2009-09-10 | Large power composite ultraphonic pipe |
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| CN101650937A true CN101650937A (en) | 2010-02-17 |
| CN101650937B CN101650937B (en) | 2012-07-25 |
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