CN101360841A - Production line control apparatus and method for control production line - Google Patents
Production line control apparatus and method for control production line Download PDFInfo
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- CN101360841A CN101360841A CNA2007800015202A CN200780001520A CN101360841A CN 101360841 A CN101360841 A CN 101360841A CN A2007800015202 A CNA2007800015202 A CN A2007800015202A CN 200780001520 A CN200780001520 A CN 200780001520A CN 101360841 A CN101360841 A CN 101360841A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/562—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
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Abstract
A process line control unit comprises feedforward control means (112,113) for, in a process line equipped with annealing furnace (3) including a heating treatment unit for continuous heating treatment of steel and a cooling treatment unit for cooling treatment thereof, measuring the material quality of steel by the use of material quality measuring unit (6) disposed in entry-side equipment (1) ahead of the heating treatment in the annealing furnace (3) and, on the basis of the measuring result, determining adjustments to temperature preset values by temperature presetting means (111) for the heater and cooler of the annealing furnace (3), respectively; and comprising feedback control means (114,115) for measuring the material quality of steel by the use of material quality measuring unit (7) disposed in exit-side equipment (5) ensuing the cooling treatment in the annealing furnace (3) and, on the basis of the measuring result, determining adjustments to temperature preset values by temperature presetting means (111) for the heater and cooler of the annealing furnace (3), respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for controlling a production line such as a continuous annealing line or a plating line (plating line) for continuously processing a steel material.
Background
Generally, steel materials are annealed or plated in a line called a production line. Annealing is a process of heating a cold-rolled and hardened steel material to about 700-900 ℃ to soften the steel material so that the steel material can be easily processed in a post-processing process. In this case, heating allows iron atoms to move easily, thereby recovering and recrystallizing the steel crystal hardened by the treatment. New grains are generated and grown with a size corresponding to the heating and temperature maintaining conditions.
The conventional technique places the coil directly into a box furnace for annealing (this is called box annealing). In recent years, however, a Continuous Annealing Line (CAL) for continuous annealing has been frequently used for the treatment. This is because the CAL provides higher productivity.
The qualities of the above steel materials include strength and plasticity, which are called mechanical properties. The mechanical properties are determined by the metal structure, such as grain size. Thus, the determination of the metal structure, such as grain size, allows the calculation of mechanical properties.
However, the measurement of grain size requires the following steps: cut, polish and observe the sample under a microscope. This requires much time and effort. Therefore, nondestructive measurement of the grain size is strongly desired. One method for non-destructive measurement of grain size uses ultrasonic vibration.
For example, patent document 1 discloses the following method: the method measures the grain size or the structure of the material based on a detected value of a change in the intensity of ultrasonic waves applied to the material or the speed of propagation of the ultrasonic waves.
The ultrasonic waves can be transmitted and received using a newly developed laser ultrasonic apparatus or electromagnetic ultrasonic apparatus. For example, patent document 2 discloses an example of a laser ultrasonic apparatus. Measurement equipment using electromagnetic ultrasound requires contact with steel materials. However, the laser ultrasonic apparatus is characterized by being able to set a long distance between the surface of the material and the head of the apparatus, and provides a high practical value when thermal measurement and on-line measurement are required.
The ideal material sensor is of the non-contact and non-destructive type in terms of durability and the like. Not only a sensor that directly measures the quality of a material such as magnetic permeability but also a sensor that performs indirect measurement by detecting a physical quantity exhibiting a strong correlation with the material such as electrical impedance, ultrasonic wave propagation characteristics, or radiation scattering characteristics and converting the physical quantity into the quality of the material such as grain size or formability can be used. There are various kinds of such sensors, and patent document 3 discloses an apparatus that measures a change amount of a steel material from flux intensity detected by a flux detector.
Further, patent document 4 discloses a method of measuring an r value (Lankford value) by using electromagnetic ultrasonic waves. Here, the r value is a ratio of deformation in the plate width direction to deformation in the plate thickness direction observed when a steel material is deformed by applying tensile stress to the material. The r value is an index indicating deep drawing properties. The larger the value of r, the more drastic the reduction in the plate width is compared to the reduction in the plate thickness. This makes it possible to suppress breakage and a decrease in strength during deep drawing, thereby improving formability, particularly deep drawing properties.
A method for nondestructively measuring the crystal grain size by using rayleigh scattering, ultrasonic propagation velocity, and the like has been proposed.
To determine whether the desired product quality has been achieved, CAL and CGL may use the grain size or r-value of the steel material measured after annealing. Generally, the desired crystal grain size is large and uniform, and the r value is preferably large. Patent document 5 shows a method of directly measuring these values to control the heating temperature.
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. Sho 57-57255
Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open No. 2001 + 255306
Patent document 3: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 56-82443
Patent document 4: japanese examined patent publication (Kokoku) No. 6-87054
Patent document 5: japanese patent 2984869
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
However, the method shown in patent document 5 has the following problems.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a line control apparatus and method that can improve the quality of steel materials.
Means for solving the problems
In order to achieve the object, an invention corresponding to claim 1 provides a line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the apparatus using a material quality measuring apparatus to measure a quality of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heating process and a position after the cooling process, and controlling a temperature of the annealing furnace based on a measurement result of the quality of the steel material.
In order to achieve the object, an invention corresponding to claim 3 provides a line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the apparatus using a material quality measuring apparatus to measure a quality of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heating process and a position in the annealing furnace after the cooling process and between the position in the annealing furnace after the heating process and the position before the cooling process, and controlling a temperature of the annealing furnace based on a measurement result of the quality of the steel material.
In order to achieve the object, an invention corresponding to claim 5 provides a line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the apparatus using a material quality measuring apparatus to measure a quality of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heating process and a position in the annealing furnace after the cooling process, and controlling a conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on a measurement result of the quality of the steel material.
In order to achieve the object, an invention corresponding to claim 7 provides a line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the apparatus using a material quality measuring apparatus to measure a quality of the steel material in the annealing furnace at a position before the heating process and a position after the cooling process and between the position after the heating process and the position before the cooling process in the annealing furnace, and controlling a conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on a measurement result of the quality of the steel material.
In order to achieve the object, an invention corresponding to claim 9 provides a line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the apparatus using a material quality measuring apparatus to measure a quality of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heating process and a position in the annealing furnace after the cooling process, and controlling a temperature of the annealing furnace and a conveyance speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on a measurement result of the quality of the steel material.
In order to achieve the object, an invention corresponding to claim 11 provides a line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the apparatus using a material quality measuring apparatus to measure a quality of the steel material in the annealing furnace at a position before the heating process and a position after the cooling process and between the position after the heating process and the position before the cooling process in the annealing furnace, and controlling a temperature of the annealing furnace and a conveyance speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on a measurement result of the quality of the steel material.
In order to achieve the object, an invention corresponding to claim 14 provides a method of controlling a production line including an annealing furnace that successively performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the method characterized by comprising: a step of measuring the quality of the steel material at a position before the heating process and a position after the cooling process in the annealing furnace by a material quality measuring device, checking the measurement results to judge whether the material is acceptable based on a judgment criterion, and recording a judgment indicating acceptability of the material, a judgment corresponding to a processing condition in a database, the processing condition including a set value and/or an actual value of a heating temperature and a cooling temperature and/or a set value of a conveyance speed of the steel material at the corresponding position in the annealing furnace; and a step of reading the processing conditions recorded in the database and indicating acceptability of the material to apply the processing conditions to the annealing furnace.
In order to achieve the object, an invention corresponding to claim 15 provides a method of controlling a production line including an annealing furnace that successively performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the method characterized by comprising: a step of measuring the quality of the steel material at and between the position in the annealing furnace before the heating process and the position in the annealing furnace after the cooling process by a material quality measuring device, checking the measurement results to judge whether the material is acceptable based on a judgment criterion, and recording a judgment representing acceptability of the material, a judgment corresponding to a processing condition in a database, the processing condition including a set value and/or an actual value of a heating temperature and a cooling temperature at the respective positions in the annealing furnace and/or a set value of a conveyance speed of the steel material; and a step of reading the processing conditions recorded in the database and indicating acceptability of the material to apply the processing conditions to the annealing furnace.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a production line control device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the steel material quality measuring apparatus in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the ultrasonic signal processing apparatus in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an embodiment of the material quality model in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an example of an ultrasonic pulse sequence.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a Continuous Annealing Line (CAL) to which the present invention is applied.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the production line control device according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the production line control device according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the production line control device according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a method of controlling a production line according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a method of controlling a production line according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a database used in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be explained on the basis of embodiments with reference to the drawings. The following description is intended for the Continuous Annealing Line (CAL) shown in fig. 6 described below. However, the invention is similarly applicable to CGLs including annealing treatments as well as other stages including heating or cooling.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment according to the present invention. As mentioned above, the CAL is substantially composed of 5 segments: an inlet section 1, an inlet loop 2, an annealing furnace (hereinafter referred to simply as furnace) 3, an outlet loop 4, and an outlet section 5. The furnace 3 includes a heating device and a cooling device, and the heating device is located upstream of the cooling device. However, the cooling device may be a temperature maintaining device based on the temperatures set for the respective portions in the furnace 3. As for the temperatures set for the respective portions in the furnace 3, for example, the temperature setting unit 111 for the heating and cooling apparatus previously sets a temperature setting value of 800 ℃ for the heating apparatus and a temperature setting value of 300 ℃ for the cooling apparatus.
Material quality measuring devices 6, 7 described below are arranged in the inlet section 1 and the outlet section 5, respectively. Specifically, the grain size and the r value are measured as the mass of the steel material before the material is conveyed into the furnace 3 and while the material is being conveyed out of the furnace 3.
The measurement result from the material quality measurement apparatus 6 is input to a heating apparatus feedforward (FF) control unit 112. Based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 6, the heating apparatus feedforward (FF) control unit 112 determines that it is appropriate to set, for example, 830 ℃. The heating device FF control unit 112 outputs +30 ℃ to the heating device in the furnace 3. In addition, the measurement result from the material quality measurement apparatus 6 is input to a cooling apparatus feedforward (FF) control unit 113. Based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 6, the cooling apparatus feedforward (FF) control unit 113 determines that it is appropriate to set, for example, 290 ℃. The cooling equipment FF control unit 113 outputs-10 ℃ to the cooling equipment in the furnace 3.
The measurement result from the material quality measurement apparatus 7 is input to a heating apparatus Feedback (FB) control unit 114. Based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 7, the heating apparatus Feedback (FB) control unit 114 determines that it is appropriate to set, for example, 810 ℃. The heating device FB control unit 114 outputs +10 ℃ to the heating device in the furnace 3. In addition, the measurement result from the material quality measurement device 7 is input to the cooling device Feedback (FB) control unit 115. Based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 7, the cooling apparatus Feedback (FB) control unit 115 determines that it is appropriate to set, for example, 295 ℃. The cooling device FB control unit 115 outputs-5 ℃ to the cooling device in the furnace 3. In the embodiment of fig. 1, the steel material conveying speed in the furnace 3 does not vary, but remains fixed.
With this configuration, in a production line including the furnace 3 having the heating and cooling apparatus that continuously performs the heating and cooling process on the steel material, the material quality measuring apparatuses 6, 7 measure the quality of the steel material at a position before the heating process and a position after the cooling process in the furnace 3. Then, based on the measurement results of the steel material quality, the heating and cooling apparatus in the furnace is controlled. This makes it possible to improve the quality of the steel material.
Here, examples of the material quality measurement apparatuses 6, 7 will be explained with reference to fig. 2 to 5. Generally, a laser ultrasonic measuring apparatus is used to measure a grain size, and an electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring apparatus is used to measure an r value. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, a plurality of different material quality measuring devices may be arranged, but are collectively described herein as a material quality measuring device. The material quality measurement apparatuses 6 and 7 have substantially the same configuration. Therefore, the material quality measuring apparatus 6 will be explained below.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the material quality measuring apparatus 6. For example, as the pulsed laser light emitted by the ultrasonic oscillator 61, YAG laser light that can perform Q-switching (Q-switch) operation is used. Here, the Q-switching operation makes a change from a low-Q state to a high-Q state. For example, the Q-conversion method controls oscillation of the solid laser to obtain a high output pulse. The principle of Q-switched oscillation of a laser is as follows: the optical loss of the laser resonator is first increased to suppress oscillation, thereby facilitating optical pumping, and once the number of excited atoms in the laser medium is suitably increased, the Q value of the resonator is rapidly increased to obtain a giant pulse.
The pulsed laser light 61a from the ultrasonic oscillator 61 has its beam diameter reduced to a desired value by a lens (not shown). Then, the pulsed laser light 61a is applied to the surface of the measurement target material to be processed by the hot rolling mill, i.e., the steel material 62. The ultraviolet pulse 62a generated at the surface of the steel material 62 propagates through the steel material 62, causing vibrational displacement of the back surface of the steel material 62 while repeating multiple reflections by reciprocating through the steel material 62. Thus, the ultrasonic detector 63 detects the vibration displacement (ultrasonic detection laser light) 62 a' at the back surface of the steel material 62 using the continuous wave laser light. The detection signal 63a is loaded into a digital waveform memory (not shown; e.g., a digital oscilloscope) or the like and processed by the ultrasonic signal processing device 64 to obtain a waveform characteristic parameter recognition result (a multi-dimensional function coefficient vector) 64 a.
The waveform characteristic parameter recognition result 64a is input to the crystal grain size calculation means 65 ', and then the crystal grain size calculation means 65' calculates the crystal grain size. The calculated crystal grain size is input to a crystal grain size correction device 65, and the crystal grain size correction device 65 corrects the crystal grain size based on the volume fraction of each substructure from a material quality model 67 described below. The grain size output device 68 allows the corrected grain size to be perceived by a user, for example, audibly or visually, or to be read from the outside.
Here, for example, a photorefractive interferometer is used as the ultrasonic detector 63. The type of interferometer is not limited to a photorefractive interferometer, but may be a Fabry-Perot (Fabry-Perot) interferometer. Alternatively, if the surface of the steel material is not rough, a Michaelson interferometer (Michaelson interferometer) may be used.
Therefore, by the ultrasonic vibration generated at the surface of the steel material 62, since the optical path is changed between the reference light and the reflected light, the intensity of the interference light is changed with the vibration displacement of the surface of the steel material 62.
Now, a description will be given of the frequency characteristics and reliability of the interferometer. That is, for a frequency range of about several tens MHz to 100MHz for measuring a particle size of 1-10 micrometers, the fabry-perot interferometer is more sensitive and advantageous than the photorefractive interferometer. However, experiments have shown that photorefractive interferometers do not pose any problems in practice.
On the other hand, for reliability, fabry-perot interferometers require a precise control mechanism, since the interferometer must operate two opposing mirrors in sequence to accurately maintain the proper gap between the mirrors. Hence, the fabry-perot interferometer is somewhat unreliable in terms of the possibility of defects. In contrast, a photorefractive interferometer causes reference light and reflected light to interfere with each other in a crystal. This results in a smaller number of mechanical parts being required, thereby increasing reliability in terms of the likelihood of defects.
Now, the processing operation performed by the ultrasonic signal processing device 64 will be described with reference to the block diagram in fig. 3. The ultrasonic detector 63 collects a plurality of compression wave reflection signals 63a (S641). Then, the frequencies of the plurality of compressional wave reflection signals are analyzed (S642). An attenuation curve for each frequency is determined (calculated) based on a spectral intensity difference between a plurality of reflected signals from the surface of the steel material 62 (S643). In addition, the dispersion attenuation correction and the transmission loss correction are performed as necessary to calculate the frequency characteristic of the attenuation constant. The frequency characteristic of the attenuation constant is fitted to a multidimensional function such as a quartic curve by the least square method (S644). This makes it possible to determine the coefficient vector 64a of the multidimensional function.
The grain size measurement do measured before correction based on the volume fraction of each substructure was calculated from the coefficient vector of the multidimensional function obtained by fitting the attenuation constant to a quartic curve and the scattering coefficient S obtained from the steel material 62 for calibration.
As described above, the ultrasound detector 63 measures an ultrasound pulse sequence comprising a first ultrasound pulse, a second ultrasound pulse, … …. An example of an ultrasound pulse sequence is shown in figure 5. In this case, the energy contained in each ultrasonic pulse is gradually reduced by losses due to reflections or attenuation involved in propagating through the material. When the first or second ultrasonic pulse is extracted and the frequency of the pulse is analyzed to determine the energy (power spectrum) of the pulse, the second ultrasonic pulse propagates further than the first ultrasonic pulse by a distance corresponding to twice the sheet thickness t of the material. Thus, the proposed methods of non-destructive measurement of grain size include the use of rayleigh scattering, the use of ultrasonic propagation velocity, and the use of ultrasonic microscopy.
Here, a typical method using attenuation due to scattering of ultrasonic waves (rayleigh scattering) by crystal grains will be shown.
Ultrasonic waves are classified into longitudinal waves (P waves, bulk waves), transverse waves (S waves), surface waves (L waves, rayleigh waves, love waves), and plate waves (SO modes, AO modes) according to the vibration modes of the waves. The particle size measurement method using rayleigh scattering uses longitudinal waves (bulk waves).
The attenuation of the bulk wave is expressed by equation 1 using an attenuation constant a.
P＝Po·exp(-a·x) (1)
Here, x: propagation distance in steel materials, and P and Po: sound pressure.
If the frequency of the bulk wave falls within the "rayleigh interval", the attenuation constant a is approximated by a quadratic function of the ultrasonic frequency f as shown below:
a＝a1·f+a4·f4 (2)
wherein, f: bulk wave frequency, and a1, a 4: and (4) the coefficient.
(Here, the first term of equation 2 is an absorption attenuation term, and the second term is a Rayleigh scattering term.)
The term "rayleigh range" refers to a range in which the crystal grain size is sufficiently small compared to the wavelength of bulk waves, for example, the range represented by equation 3 (see patent document 5).
0.03＜d/λ＜0.3 (3)
Here, d: grain size, and λ: the wavelength of the bulk wave.
In addition, as shown below, the quartic coefficient a4 in equation 2 is known to be proportional to the third power of the grain size d:
a4＝S·d3 (4)
wherein, S: the scattering constant.
The waveform of the body wave emitted by the emitter contains a certain distribution of frequency components. Therefore, the frequency of the received waveform is analyzed, so that the attenuation rate of each frequency component can be obtained. In addition, the propagation distance in the steel material is determined according to the time change required for transmission or reception. Accordingly, based on the propagation distance and the attenuation rate of each frequency component, each coefficient in equation 2 can be determined. In addition, the scattering constant S predetermined using the standard sample makes it possible to obtain the grain size d based on equation 4.
The energy decays according to equation 1. An amount of attenuation between the first and second ultrasonic pulses is determined as a power spectrum difference between the first and second ultrasonic pulses. This curve corresponds to the attenuation constant a in equation 2 multiplied by the propagation distance difference 2 t. Therefore, the coefficient of equation 2 with respect to the unit propagation distance is determined by the least square method or the like. Then, the scattering constant S predetermined using the standard sample and a4, which is one of the coefficients determined as described above, may be applied to equation 3 to determine the grain size measurement do measured before correction with the volume fraction of each substructure. However, the present embodiment is different from the conventional embodiment in that the present embodiment further has the following subsequent steps: the calculated material mass is predicted based on the material model 67 to make corrections according to the composition of each phase, i.e., the volume fraction of each substructure.
As shown in fig. 2, a material quality measuring apparatus based on ultrasonic vibration measurement irradiates a measurement target material (steel material) 62 with pulsed laser light (excitation light) to measure pulses of ultrasonic vibration excited by the steel material 62, as is the case with the conventional technique. Then, based on the change in the energy level of the measured pulse, the material quality measuring apparatus evaluates the steel material 62.
As shown in fig. 2, chemical components 661, temperature and processing conditions 662, cooling conditions 663, and the like are input to the processing and heat treatment condition input device 66 as input values. A material mass prediction calculation is performed based on the material mass model 67 to calculate the volume fraction of each substructure, for example, a pearlite rate (pearlitic rate). Particle size calculations were corrected based on pearlite rates. Generally, particle size measurements associated with ultrasonic vibrations tend to increase in concert with the pearlite ratio. The correction is not limited to a correction calculated based on a material quality prediction, but may be an input from a material quality sensor measuring the composition.
For example, the material quality prediction calculation is performed as follows. As shown in fig. 4, the material quality model 67 roughly includes a heat treatment model 671 and a transformation model 672.
The heat treatment model 671 formulates dynamic recrystallization occurring during the reduction performed by the rolls and subsequent phenomena such as recovery, static recrystallization, and grain growth to calculate the grain size (grain boundary region per unit volume) and residual dislocation density (austenite state), for example, during and after the rolling. The heat treatment model 671 uses austenite grain size, temperature, and inter-pass time information based on temperature and speed, equivalent strain, and strain speed information based on the reduction mode to perform calculations (rolling austenite grain size, dislocation density, etc.).
Temperature and inter-pass time information as well as equivalent strain and strain rate information are calculated based on rolling conditions (inlet plate thickness, outlet plate thickness, heating temperature, inter-pass time, roll diameter and number of roll rotations).
The transformation model 672 estimates the transformed structural state such as the grain size and fraction of pearlite and bainite for each generation and each growth.
The transformation model 672 uses temperature information based on the cooling pattern in the output stand of the hot rolling mill (not shown) to output the calculation results (ferrite grain size and structural composition of each phase). The temperature information is calculated based on the cooling conditions (air and water cooling, water density, plate passing speed in the cooling apparatus, and composition) and the amount of transformation provided by the transformation model. If the trace amount of the additional elements such as Nb, V and Ti has an influence, a precipitation model (precipitation model) in which the influence of the precipitated particles is taken into consideration may be suitably used instead of the above model. Some metallic materials such as aluminum and stainless steel do not transform. Thus, for these materials, no transformation model can be used.
The above calculations can be used to estimate (calculate) the volume fraction of each substructure (673). The resulting volume fraction is used in the equation shown below together with the particle size do obtained by ultrasonic vibration measurement:
d＝do(1+k×R/100) (5)
d: grain size measurement (μm), do: grain size measurements (μm) measured before correction with the volume fraction of each substructure, k: coefficient of influence (a large number of samples was measured and identified beforehand) (/%), and R: substructure volume fraction (%).
As shown in the above equation, the particle size obtained by the ultrasonic vibration measurement may be corrected to improve the measurement accuracy of the ultrasonic vibration measurement. In the following description, the measured grain size refers to a value d resulting from correction based on equation 5, or an uncorrected value do. These values are collectively represented by the symbol D.
The above embodiments use the optical fiber transmission path as the transmission path from the receiving head to the interferometer and the receiving laser source. This can advantageously miniaturize the receiving head to increase the freedom of position and orientation of the measuring surface. In addition, this advantageously requires that only a small receiving head be cooled even in the case of continuous exposure of the material to high temperatures. The material quality measuring apparatus 6 shown in fig. 2 to 4 described above can accurately measure the grain size even if the steel material includes not only a ferrite structure but also a structure such as pearlite or martensite. As a result, the problem of patent document 5 described above can be solved. In addition, the steel material introduced into CAL as a cold steel material is not necessarily limited to ferrite, and may include pearlite or bainite. This embodiment can also be applied to a case where the influence of pearlite or bainite needs to be removed.
The heating apparatus FF control unit 112 and the cooling apparatus FF control unit 113 control the temperature set for the heating and cooling apparatus or the conveyance speed of the steel material in a feed-forward (FF) manner based on the measurement result from the material quality measurement apparatus 6. For example, it is assumed that the measurement result from the material quality measuring device 6 represents an actual crystal grain size value Di, and the initial setting temperature of the heating device is calculated assuming that the crystal grain size is Do. The change amount Δ TH of the set temperature of the heating apparatus is expressed as follows:
wherein,
is indicative of the effect of grain size on temperatureInfluence coefficient, and generally
That is, the reciprocal of the influence coefficient indicating the influence of temperature on the crystal grain size is determined.
Although the influence coefficient is described as a linear variable, the coefficient may be obtained from a mathematical model and determined using a control method according to the present invention described below.
The temperature of the cooling device may similarly be modified. The modification of the conveying speed affects all steel materials in the furnace and is not always carried out. However, this modification may be applied if, for example, the grain size measurements obtained by the material quality measurement apparatus 6 indicate a gradual, consistent change. The speed may be changed in consideration of the heat balance experienced by the steel material at the time of temperature change, and the heat balance experienced by the steel material at the time of speed change.
The heating apparatus FB control unit 114 and the cooling apparatus FB control unit 115 control the set temperature of the heating and cooling apparatus or the conveying speed of the steel material in a Feedback (FB) manner based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 7. For example, it is assumed that the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 7 represents an actual grain size value Do, and the target grain size is defined as Daim. The change amount Δ TH of the set temperature of the heating apparatus is expressed as follows:
wherein, as in the case of equation 6,is an influence coefficient showing an influence of the crystal grain size on the temperature.
The heating apparatus FF control unit 112 and the heating apparatus FB control unit 114 change the set temperature that is set in advance for the heating apparatus by the temperature and speed setting unit 111 for heating and cooling the apparatus. The cooling device FF control unit 113 and the cooling device FB control unit 115 change the set temperature that is set in advance for the cooling device by the temperature and speed setting unit 111 for heating and cooling devices. Alternatively, the heating apparatus FF control unit 112, the heating apparatus FB control unit 114, the cooling apparatus FF control unit 113, and the cooling apparatus FB control unit 115 change the conveyance speed setting of the steel material in the heating and cooling furnace, which is set in advance by the temperature and speed setting unit 111 for the heating and cooling apparatus.
Fig. 6 shows an example of a schematic configuration of the CAL. The CAL is substantially comprised of five segments: an inlet section 1, an inlet loop 2, an annealing furnace (hereinafter simply referred to as furnace) 3, an outlet loop 4 and an outlet section 5. The inlet section 1 includes a pay-out reel 11 for paying out a steel material (coil), a cutter 12 for cutting the steel material, a welder 13 for joining the obtained pieces of steel material together, a tension roller 14, a cleaning device 15 for cleaning the surface of the steel material, and a tension roller 16.
When the welding machine 13 performs a welding operation, the steel material in the inlet section 1 must be stopped. However, in order to anneal properly, the furnace transport speed needs to be kept constant. Therefore, the inlet loop 2 is an apparatus that stores the steel material and discharges the steel material at a constant speed in order to maintain the conveying speed in the furnace. The inlet loop 2 includes an inlet loop body 22.
The furnace 3 includes a tension roller 31, a heating section 32, a soaking section 33, a cooling section (1)34, and a cooling section (2) 35. Each section sets the temperature at a desired value to control the temperature through the steel material.
As in the case of the inlet loop 1, the outlet loop 4 comprises an outlet loop body 42 in order to keep the conveying speed in the furnace constant, since the steel material may stop in the outlet section 5.
The outlet section 5 includes a tension roller 51, a leveler 52, a tension leveler 53, a tension roller 54, a tail end cutter 55, a verification device 56 including a sheet thickness and width sensor, a tension roller 57, an oiler 58, a cutter 59, and a winder 50. The exit section may be slowed or stopped to allow the verification device 56 to perform the verification, or the exit section may be stopped to allow the tail end cutter 55 and cutter 59 to cut the steel material. This causes the steel material conveying speed to vary.
In a plating line (continuous galvanizing line (CGL)), for example, a hot-dipping line, an annealing treatment is generally performed before the plating treatment. The steel material is heated to obtain material properties similar to those obtained in the CAL case. The surface of the steel material is reduced and activated using a gas so that the material can be easily plated. The configuration of the CGL generally corresponds to CAL in fig. 6, wherein a plating device is added to the outlet side of the furnace 3.
Here, the specific installation ranges of the material quality measuring device 6 are: the material quality measuring device 6 is mounted in the inlet section 1 at a suitable position between the rear end of the welder 13 and the rearmost end of the set of tension rollers 14, cleaning device 15 and tension roller 16. In addition, the specific installation ranges of the material quality measuring device 7 are: the material quality measuring device 7 is installed in the outlet section 5 at a suitable position between the front end of the tension roller 51 and the rearmost end of the group of the leveler 52, the withdrawal leveler 53, the tension roller 54, the tail end cutter 55, the verification device 56, the tension roller 57, the oiler 58, and the cutter 59.
According to the first embodiment described above, the material quality measuring device 6 is installed in the inlet section 1 and the material quality measuring device 7 is installed in the outlet section 5. The material quality measuring devices 6, 7 are used to measure the grain size or r-value. Thereby improving the quality of the steel material. This will be specifically explained below. The inlet section 1 is installed at the front end of the heat treatment apparatus in the annealing furnace 3, and the steel material is stopped in the inlet section 1. This is because the steel material needs to be stopped in the inlet section 1 when the sheets of steel material from the payout reel 11 are welded together. Therefore, even in the case of measuring the grain size using a laser ultrasonic measuring apparatus as an example of the material quality measuring apparatus 6, in a production line in which a steel material is moved at, for example, 1000m/min, the stopped steel material prevents the adverse effect of much noise due to high-frequency vibration in the moving steel material. This makes it possible to accurately measure the grain size of the steel material. In addition, even in the case where the r value is measured using an electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring apparatus as an example of the material quality measuring apparatus 6, even if the r value of the steel material is measured by bringing the contactor into contact with the steel material, the steel material stopped in the inlet section 1 can be prevented from being damaged.
In addition, since the outlet section 5 has the verification device 56, the steel material is decelerated or stopped when the verification device 56 performs the verification. In addition, since the outlet block 5 has the cutter 59, the steel material is stopped so that the cutter 59 performs the cutting operation. Therefore, as in the case of the material quality measuring apparatus 6, even in the case where a laser ultrasonic measuring apparatus, which is an example of the material quality measuring apparatus, is used as the material quality measuring apparatus 7 and installed in the outlet section 5, the stopped steel material can prevent the adverse effect of much noise due to high-frequency vibration in the moving steel material. This makes it possible to accurately measure the grain size of the steel material. In addition, even in the case where the r value is measured using an electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring apparatus as an example of the material quality measuring apparatus 7, even if the r value of the steel material is measured by bringing the contactor into contact with the steel material, the steel material can be prevented from being damaged.
In addition, the first embodiment makes it possible to perform modeling based on actual information on the material quality measured by the material quality measuring devices 6, 7 and actual information on the flow line. This allows a model to be built that is adapted to the characteristics of the pipeline and used for control. This in turn allows for more precise control and provides a high quality product. In combination with a determination of whether the material quality is acceptable, the need for manual manipulation of subsequent steps can be eliminated.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment according to the present invention. Fig. 7 differs from fig. 1 in that: one furnace 3 is divided into a furnace 3a having a heating device and a furnace 3b having a cooling device, wherein a material quality measuring device 8 is installed in the divided portions, specifically, at an appropriate position between a soaking part 33 and a cooling part (1)34 shown in fig. 6, thereby making it possible to control the temperature of the heating and cooling devices in the furnace as follows. Specifically, the material quality measuring apparatus 8 measures the quality of the steel material. Based on the measurement results of the mass of the steel material, the temperatures of the heating apparatus (intermediate control unit) 116 in the furnace 3a and the cooling apparatus (intermediate control unit) 117 in the furnace 3b are corrected.
The second embodiment configured as described above has an action similar to that of the first embodiment as described above.
Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment according to the present invention.
The speed setting unit 118 sets the conveying speed of the steel material in the furnace 3 to a set value of, for example, 10 m/s.
Material quality measuring devices 6, 7 are arranged in the inlet section 1 and the outlet section 5, respectively. The quality of the steel material, in particular, the grain size and the r-value of the steel material before the material is conveyed into the furnace 3 and while the material is being conveyed out of the furnace 3, are measured.
The measurement result from the material quality measurement apparatus 6 is input to a heating apparatus feedforward (FF) control unit 122. Based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 6, the heating apparatus feedforward (FF) control unit 122 determines that it is appropriate to set the conveying speed of the steel material in the furnace 3 to, for example, 10.1 m/s. The heating facility FF control unit 122 outputs +0.1m/s to the speed control facility of the furnace 3. In addition, the measurement result from the material quality measurement apparatus 6 is input to a cooling apparatus feedforward (FF) control unit 123. Based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 6, the cooling apparatus feedforward (FF) control unit 123 determines that it is appropriate to set, for example, 9.9m/s for the speed control apparatus of the furnace 3. The cooling device FF control unit 123 outputs-0.1 m/s to the speed control device of the furnace 3.
The measurement result from the material quality measurement device 7 is input to a heating device Feedback (FB) control unit 124. Based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 7, the heating apparatus Feedback (FB) control unit 124 determines that it is appropriate to set, for example, 10.2m/s for the speed control apparatus of the furnace 3. The heating device FB control unit 124 outputs +0.2m/s to the speed control device of the furnace 3. In addition, the measurement result from the material quality measurement apparatus 7 is input to the cooling apparatus Feedback (FB) control unit 125. Based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 7, the cooling apparatus Feedback (FB) control unit 125 determines that it is appropriate to set, for example, 9.8m/s for the speed control apparatus of the furnace 3. The cooling device FB control unit 125 outputs-0.2 m/s to the speed control device of the furnace 3. In the embodiment of fig. 8, the temperature of the heating and cooling equipment in the furnace 3 does not change, but remains unchanged.
With this configuration, in a production line including a furnace having heating and cooling processing apparatuses that successively perform heating and cooling processes on a steel material, respectively, the material quality measuring apparatus measures the quality of the steel material at a position before the heating process and a position after the cooling process in the furnace, and controls the conveying speed of the steel material in the furnace based on the measurement result of the quality of the steel material. This makes it possible to improve the quality of the steel material.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment according to the present invention. Fig. 9 differs from fig. 8 in that: the material quality measuring device 8 is installed between the soaking section 33 of the furnace 3a and the cooling section (1)34 of the furnace 3b shown in fig. 6, so that the conveying speed in the furnaces 3a and 3b is controlled based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring device 8. The material quality measuring apparatus 8 is a laser ultrasonic measuring apparatus that measures the grain size and an electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring apparatus that measures the r value, similarly to the material quality measuring apparatuses 6, 7 described above. The material quality measuring device 8 measures the quality of the steel material with a slightly lower accuracy than the material quality measuring devices 6, 7.
The set temperature of the heating apparatus 3a is controlled in a Feedback (FB) manner based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 8. The concept of this control method is similar to that shown in fig. 1. When it is assumed that the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 8 after heating represents the actual crystal grain size value Do and the target crystal diameter is defined as Daim, the change amount Δ TH to the set temperature of the heating apparatus can be determined in the same manner as shown in equation 7.
The cooling apparatus intermediate control unit 127 controls the set temperature of the cooling apparatus in a feed-forward (FF) manner based on the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 8. The control method is similar to the control method described above. When it is assumed that the measurement result from the material quality measuring apparatus 8 after heating represents the actual crystal grain size value Di, and the initial setting temperature of the heating apparatus is calculated assuming that the crystal grain size is Do, Δ TH can be determined in the same manner as shown in equation 6.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram showing a control method applied to a control apparatus corresponding to a combination of the above-described fig. 1 (control of the temperature of the furnace 3) and fig. 8 (control of the conveying speed of the steel material), or a control apparatus corresponding to a combination of the above-described fig. 7 (control of the temperature of the furnace 3) and fig. 9 (control of the conveying speed of the steel material).
In fig. 10, actual values such as actual values of the set temperature of the heating apparatus, the set temperature of the cooling apparatus, and the actual value of the conveyance speed of the steel material in the furnace 3 are collected and recorded in the database 131. In addition, if any sensor such as a sheet thickness meter, a sheet width meter, a steel material thermometer, or a tensiometer is placed on the production line, the measurement value from the sensor is also recorded in the database 131. The quality of the steel material was measured before and after the heating treatment and after the cooling treatment, and recorded in the database 131. In addition, information such as target values of the sheet thickness and the sheet width of the steel material and chemical composition of the steel material is obtained from the upper computer 133 and recorded in the database 131. Fig. 12 shows a configuration example of the database.
That is, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, the method of controlling a production line including a furnace 3 that continuously performs heating and cooling processes on a steel material includes the steps of: measuring the quality of the steel material at positions before the heating process and after the cooling process in the furnace 3 using the material quality measuring devices 6, 7, checking the measurement results to judge whether the material is acceptable based on the judgment criteria, recording in the database 131 a judgment indicative of acceptability of the material, a judgment corresponding to a process condition including a set value and/or an actual value of the heating and cooling temperatures and/or a set value of the steel material conveyance speed at the respective positions in the furnace; and reads the process conditions recorded in the database 131 and indicative of the acceptability of the material to apply the process conditions to the furnace 3.
The above control method can be applied not only to fig. 1 and 8 but also to fig. 7 and 9. Fig. 7 and 9 differ from fig. 1 and 8 in that: the material quality measuring devices 6, 7, and 8 measure the quality of the steel material at positions before and after the heating process in the furnace 3 and at positions after and before the cooling process in the furnace 3 between the heating and cooling process portions of the furnace 3.
The material quality acceptability determination unit 132 determines whether the steel material is acceptable based on the material quality data on the steel material obtained from the material quality measurement apparatus 7 or the material quality data on the steel material checked for quality in the subsequent step on the production line, the data being included in the respective pieces of information collected in the database 131. In fig. 12, the product IDs I123456-01 and I123456-02 are the same in type of steel (low carbon [ LC ], ultra low carbon [ UL ] steel) and size, but differ in temperature at which these products are processed in the heating and cooling equipment. In this case, I123456-02 achieved grain sizes and r values closer to the respective target values. Therefore, the respective temperatures in the heating and cooling apparatus are collected as the setting value candidates of the steel material later. Of course, it is necessary to collect these data for a large number of steel materials and to perform statistical processing to determine temperature settings and the like.
Fig. 11 is a block diagram showing a control method applied to a control apparatus corresponding to a combination of the above-described fig. 1 (control of the temperature of the furnace 3) and fig. 8 (control of the conveying speed of the steel material), or a control apparatus corresponding to a combination of the above-described fig. 7 (control of the temperature of the furnace 3) and fig. 9 (control of the conveying speed of the steel material).
That is, the method of controlling the production line including the furnace 3 that continuously performs the heating and cooling process on the steel material includes the steps of: using the material quality measuring devices 6, 7 to measure the quality of the steel material at positions before the heating process and after the cooling process in the furnace 3, recording the measurement results of the quality of the steel material in the database 131, and recording the set values and actual values of the heating and cooling temperatures and/or the set values and actual values of the steel material conveyance speed at appropriate positions of the furnace 3, and information such as the sheet thickness and width of the steel sheet required to judge whether the material quality is acceptable in the database 131; judging whether the material quality is acceptable based on the information recorded in the database 131, and recording information judged to be acceptable, temperature settings indicating heating and cooling processes in the furnace, and information of the conveying speed of the steel material in the database 131; and for the steel material to be processed after the step of recording the information in the database 131 is completed, applying the processing conditions similar to the processing conditions of the steel material judged to be acceptable, recorded in the database 131, to the production line.
The above control method can be applied not only to fig. 1 and 8 but also to fig. 7 and 9. Fig. 7 and 9 differ from fig. 1 and 8 in that: the material quality measuring devices 6, 7, and 8 measure the quality of the steel material at positions before and after the heating process in the furnace 3 and at positions after and before the cooling process in the furnace 3 between the heating and cooling process portions of the furnace 3.
As described above, the processing conditions of the steel material judged to be acceptable in quality are recorded in the database 131. This makes it possible to read the processing conditions of the steel material and reflect it in the setting of the furnace 3 for the steel material later. In this case, when reading the process conditions of the steel material judged to be acceptable, it may be necessary to perform, for example, a process of averaging a plurality of process conditions.
The following method is an example of determining the influence coefficient described in equation 1, which is the influence of temperature on grain size.
When it is assumed that the furnace has n sections of heating and cooling equipment, the amount of heat input to the steel material and determined according to the actual temperature values and the transfer speed obtained from the respective sections is defined as Qi (i ═ 1 to n). The crystal grain size measured by the material quality measuring device 6 is defined as Di, and the crystal grain size measured by the material quality measuring device 7 is defined as Do. Then, a regression equation is defined by equation 8.
Do＝a(0)+a(1)Q(1)+a(2)Q(2)
+…+a(n)Q(n)+a(n+1)Di (8)
Here, Qi (i ═ 1 to n) denotes the amount of heat input to the steel material and determined from the actual temperature values and transfer rates obtained from the respective parts, when it is assumed that the furnace has n parts of heating and cooling equipment. Di represents the grain size measured by the material quality measuring apparatus 6. Do denotes the grain size measured by the material quality measuring apparatus 7. a (0), a (1), … …, a (n), a (n +1) represent the influence coefficients in the respective portions of the heating furnace, which are the influence of heat on the size of the output crystal grains.
By determining the coefficients of equation 8 based on the data stored in database 131, the coefficient of influence of the heat in each section on the output grain size can be determined. The conversion of heat to temperature and speed can be done based on a general concept. This applies not only to the grain size but also to the r value. In addition, multiple regression equations are not necessarily used, and for example, a neural network may be used. The input layer is defined as input heat, grain size Di, etc., and the output layer is defined as Do by the neural network. The neural network makes it possible to learn the measured Do as a teaching signal (teachingsignal).
In addition, the relationship between the grain size or r-value and the annealing temperature of the steel material is partially modeled using an equation. However, the actual annealing phase is very long and must therefore be handled as a distributed parametric system. Therefore, the temperature setting cannot be easily calculated using equations.
Thus, the material quality measuring device 6, 7 and/or 6, 7, 8 measures the quality of the steel material and records the result in the database 131. In addition, the actual values of the heating and cooling temperatures at the appropriate positions in the furnace 3, the actual values of the conveying speed of the steel material, and necessary information such as the sheet thickness, sheet width, and chemical composition of the steel material are also recorded in the database 131. In addition, it is judged whether or not a desired material quality has been obtained at the temperature setting of the heating and cooling apparatus and the conveying speed of the steel material. The determination is also recorded in the database 131. The heating process, the cooling process, and the conveyance speed that meet the conditions similar to the conditions judged to be acceptable are retrieved from the database 131 and applied to the steel material to be processed later. This makes it possible to obtain a suitable steel material quality.
In addition, a model of the quality of the steel material, temperature settings of the heating and cooling apparatuses, and a conveying speed of the steel material are automatically generated from the information recorded in the database 131 and used for control.
Modification example
In the above description, the material quality measuring apparatus in fig. 2 described above includes the processing and heat treatment condition input device 66 and the material quality model setting device 67. However, the processing and heat treatment condition input means 66 and the material quality model setting means 67 may be omitted from the material quality measuring apparatuses 6, 7, 8 applied to the present invention. The material quality measuring apparatus 6, 7, 8 applied to the present invention only needs to be able to measure the crystal grain size and the r value.
Effects of the invention
The present invention makes it possible to provide an apparatus and a method for controlling a production line capable of improving the quality of a steel material.
Industrial applicability
The present invention can be applied not only to a continuous annealing line but also to a plating line including an annealing treatment and other stages involving a heating or cooling treatment.
Claims (17)
1. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heating treatment and at a position after the cooling treatment by a material mass measuring device, and controlling the temperature of the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
2. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace including a heating treatment apparatus and a cooling treatment apparatus that successively perform a heating treatment and a cooling treatment, respectively, on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heat treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus, and setting the temperatures of the heating apparatus and the cooling apparatus in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material that has not been subjected to the heat treatment, and
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace after the cooling treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus, and correcting the temperatures of the heating apparatus and the cooling apparatus in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
3. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring the mass of the steel material in the annealing furnace at a position before the heating treatment and a position after the cooling treatment and between the position after the heating treatment and the position before the cooling treatment in the annealing furnace by a material mass measuring apparatus, and controlling the temperature of the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
4. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace including a heating treatment apparatus and a cooling treatment apparatus that successively perform a heating treatment and a cooling treatment, respectively, on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring a mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heating treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus to measure a mass of the steel material that has not been subjected to the heating treatment, measuring the mass of the steel material between the position in the annealing furnace after the heating treatment and the position before the cooling treatment by a material mass measuring apparatus, and setting temperatures of the heating apparatus and the cooling apparatus in the annealing furnace based on a measurement result of the mass of the steel material, and
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace after the cooling treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus, and correcting the temperatures of the heating apparatus and the cooling apparatus in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
5. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heating process and at a position after the cooling process by a material mass measuring apparatus, and controlling the conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
6. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace including a heating treatment apparatus and a cooling treatment apparatus that successively perform a heating treatment and a cooling treatment, respectively, on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heat treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus, and setting a conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material that has not been subjected to the heat treatment, and
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace after the cooling treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus, and correcting the conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
7. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring the mass of the steel material in the annealing furnace at and between the position in the annealing furnace after the heating treatment and the position in the annealing furnace before the cooling treatment by a material mass measuring apparatus, and controlling the conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
8. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace including a heating treatment apparatus and a cooling treatment apparatus that successively perform a heating treatment and a cooling treatment, respectively, on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heat treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus to measure the mass of the steel material that has not been subjected to the heat treatment, measuring the mass of the steel material between the position in the annealing furnace after the heat treatment and the position before the cooling treatment by a material mass measuring apparatus for performing measurement, and setting the conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material, and
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace after the cooling treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus, and correcting the conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
9. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heating process and at a position in the annealing furnace after the cooling process by a material mass measuring device, and controlling the temperature of the annealing furnace and the conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
10. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace including a heating treatment apparatus and a cooling treatment apparatus that successively perform a heating treatment and a cooling treatment, respectively, on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heat treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus, and setting the temperatures of the heating apparatus and the cooling apparatus in the annealing furnace and the conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material that has not been subjected to the heat treatment, and
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace after the cooling treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus, and correcting the temperatures of the heating apparatus and the cooling apparatus in the annealing furnace and the conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
11. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace that continuously performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring the mass of the steel material in the annealing furnace at and between the position in the annealing furnace after the heating treatment and the position in the annealing furnace before the cooling treatment by a material mass measuring device, and controlling the temperature of the annealing furnace and the conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
12. A line control apparatus that controls a line including an annealing furnace including a heating treatment apparatus and a cooling treatment apparatus that successively perform a heating treatment and a cooling treatment, respectively, on a steel material, the line control apparatus being characterized in that:
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace before the heating treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus to measure the mass of the steel material that has not been subjected to the heating treatment, measuring the mass of the steel material between the position in the annealing furnace after the heating treatment and the position before the cooling treatment by a material mass measuring apparatus, and setting the temperatures of the heating apparatus and the cooling apparatus in the annealing furnace and the conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material, and
measuring the mass of the steel material at a position in the annealing furnace after the cooling treatment apparatus by a material mass measuring apparatus, and correcting the temperatures of the heating apparatus and the cooling apparatus in the annealing furnace and the conveying speed of the steel material in the annealing furnace based on the measurement result of the mass of the steel material.
13. The line control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the quality of the steel material is measured by the material quality measuring apparatus after the conveyance of the steel material has stopped or after the conveyance speed of the steel material has decreased from a normal conveyance speed.
14. A method of controlling a production line including an annealing furnace that successively performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, characterized by comprising:
a step of measuring the quality of the steel material at a position before the heating process and a position after the cooling process in the annealing furnace by a material quality measuring device, checking the measurement results to judge whether the material is acceptable based on a judgment criterion, and recording a judgment indicating acceptability of the material, a judgment corresponding to a processing condition in a database, the processing condition including a set value and/or an actual value of a heating temperature and a cooling temperature and/or a set value of a conveyance speed of the steel material at the corresponding position in the annealing furnace; and
a step of reading the processing conditions recorded in the database and indicating acceptability of the material to apply the processing conditions to the annealing furnace.
15. A method of controlling a production line including an annealing furnace that successively performs a heating process and a cooling process on a steel material, characterized by comprising:
a step of measuring the quality of the steel material at and between the position in the annealing furnace before the heating process and the position in the annealing furnace after the cooling process by a material quality measuring device, checking the measurement results to judge whether the material is acceptable based on a judgment criterion, and recording a judgment representing acceptability of the material, a judgment corresponding to a processing condition in a database, the processing condition including a set value and/or an actual value of a heating temperature and a cooling temperature at the respective positions in the annealing furnace and/or a set value of a conveyance speed of the steel material; and
a step of reading the processing conditions recorded in the database and indicating acceptability of the material to apply the processing conditions to the annealing furnace.
16. A method of controlling a production line including an annealing furnace including a heating treatment apparatus and a cooling treatment apparatus that successively perform a heating treatment and a cooling treatment, respectively, on a steel material, the method being characterized by comprising:
a step of measuring the mass of the steel material at a position before the heating process and a position after the cooling process in the annealing furnace by a material mass measuring device, recording the measurement result of the mass of the steel material in a database, and recording set values and actual values of a heating temperature and a cooling temperature and/or set values and actual values of a conveying speed of the steel material at an appropriate position in the annealing furnace, and information such as a sheet thickness and a width of a steel sheet required to judge whether the material mass is acceptable in the database;
a step of judging whether or not the material quality is acceptable based on the information recorded in the database, and recording information judged to be acceptable, information indicating temperature settings of the heating apparatus and the cooling process in the furnace, and a conveying speed of the steel material in the database; and
a step of applying, to the production line, a process condition similar to the process condition of the steel material judged to be acceptable, which is recorded in the database, for the steel material to be processed after the step of recording the information in the database is completed.
17. A method of controlling a production line including an annealing furnace including a heating treatment apparatus and a cooling treatment apparatus that successively perform a heating treatment and a cooling treatment, respectively, on a steel material, the method being characterized by comprising:
a step of measuring the mass of the steel material at a position before the heating process and a position after the cooling process in the annealing furnace and at a position between the heating apparatus and the cooling apparatus in the annealing furnace by a material mass measuring apparatus, recording the measurement result of the mass of the steel material in a database, and recording the set values and actual values of the heating temperature and the cooling temperature and/or the set values and actual values of the conveying speed of the steel material at an appropriate position in the annealing furnace and information such as the sheet thickness and the width of a steel sheet required to judge whether the material mass is acceptable in the database;
a step of judging whether or not the material quality is acceptable based on the information recorded in the database, and recording information judged to be acceptable, information indicating temperature settings of the heating process and the cooling process in the furnace, and a conveying speed of the steel material in the database; and
a step of applying, to the production line, a process condition similar to the process condition of the steel material judged to be acceptable, which is recorded in the database, for the steel material to be processed after the step of recording the information in the database is completed.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2007/052393 WO2008099457A1 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2007-02-09 | Process line control unit and method of controlling the line |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101360841A true CN101360841A (en) | 2009-02-04 |
Family
ID=39689716
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007800015202A Pending CN101360841A (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2007-02-09 | Production line control apparatus and method for control production line |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100219567A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4909899B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101360841A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008099457A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104342547A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-11 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Grading type hot blowing method of continuous annealing furnace |
| CN105408505A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2016-03-16 | 首要金属科技奥地利有限责任公司 | Determining the ferrite phase fraction after heating or cooling of a steel strip |
| CN109563559A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2019-04-02 | Sms集团有限公司 | The method for being used in the annealing furnace operation of the annealing of sheet metal strip |
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| DE112004002759T5 (en) * | 2004-10-14 | 2007-02-08 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling material quality in a rolling, forging or leveling process |
| CN102033523B (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2014-01-01 | 上海宝钢工业检测公司 | Strip steel quality forecasting, furnace condition early-warning and fault diagnosis method based on partial least square |
| CA2723347C (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2018-01-02 | Tata Consultancy Services Limited | On-line optimization of induration of wet iron ore pellets on a moving grate |
| JP6019725B2 (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2016-11-02 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Furnace temperature control method and furnace temperature control apparatus |
| DE102012217232A1 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-03-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Flicker reduction in electric arc furnaces by flicker prediction from the state determination in the initial phase of the melting process |
| AT513750B1 (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2014-07-15 | Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh | Determination of the ferritic phase components during cooling of a steel strip |
| DE102013225579A1 (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-11-27 | Sms Siemag Ag | Device and method for controlling and / or regulating an annealing or heat treatment furnace of a metal material processing line |
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| JPS5843451B2 (en) * | 1978-11-28 | 1983-09-27 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Strip temperature control method for continuous metal strip heating equipment |
| US4913748A (en) * | 1988-07-05 | 1990-04-03 | Sellitto Thomas A | Method and apparatus for continuous annealing |
| JP2707841B2 (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1998-02-04 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Method for controlling plastic strain ratio of continuously heat-treated thin steel sheet |
| JP2984869B2 (en) * | 1991-12-16 | 1999-11-29 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Manufacturing method of high quality cold rolled steel sheet by material control |
| JPH0762447A (en) * | 1993-08-25 | 1995-03-07 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of cold rolled steel sheet for high quality working |
| JP3260605B2 (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 2002-02-25 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method of manufacturing cold rolled steel sheet with good uniformity of coil material |
| JP4148551B2 (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 2008-09-10 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Manufacturing method of cold-rolled steel strip with less variation in material property values |
| DE112004002759T5 (en) * | 2004-10-14 | 2007-02-08 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling material quality in a rolling, forging or leveling process |
-
2007
- 2007-02-09 CN CNA2007800015202A patent/CN101360841A/en active Pending
- 2007-02-09 JP JP2007532713A patent/JP4909899B2/en active Active
- 2007-02-09 WO PCT/JP2007/052393 patent/WO2008099457A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-02-09 US US12/093,357 patent/US20100219567A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105408505A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2016-03-16 | 首要金属科技奥地利有限责任公司 | Determining the ferrite phase fraction after heating or cooling of a steel strip |
| CN105408505B (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2017-08-08 | 首要金属科技奥地利有限责任公司 | Ferritic phase component is determined after steel bar is heated or cooled |
| CN104342547A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-11 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Grading type hot blowing method of continuous annealing furnace |
| CN104342547B (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2017-03-01 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of stagewise thermal purging method of continuous annealing furnace |
| CN109563559A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2019-04-02 | Sms集团有限公司 | The method for being used in the annealing furnace operation of the annealing of sheet metal strip |
| CN109563559B (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2020-07-31 | Sms集团有限公司 | Method for operating an annealing furnace for annealing metal strips |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2008099457A1 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
| US20100219567A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
| WO2008099457A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
| JP4909899B2 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
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