CN101043493A - Method and apparatus for mapping physical channel of OFDM frames - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for mapping physical channel of OFDM frames Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The disclosed mapping method for physical channel of OFDM frame comprises: allocating resource channel for user data, wherein the total sub-carrier number in resource channel as the positive integer times for 48 or 144; then, coding and modulating data to generate the modulation signal and map to the corresponding sub-carrier of OFDM code. This invention is compatible to CDMA2000 wireless device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to OFDM (OFDM) technology of the communications field, relate in particular to a kind of physical channel mapping method and device of OFDM frame.
Background technology
OFDM (OFDM) is a kind of multi-carrier transmission technology, and this technology is divided into many subcarriers with frequency spectrum, and each subcarrier is modulated with lower data rate.By distributing different subcarriers, can realize that the multiple access of OFDM inserts, i.e. OFDMA to different users.Each narrow-band sub-carriers adopts different modulation systems, and for example QAM16, QAM8 etc. adopt contrary fast fourier transform (IFFT) that OFDM is provided modulation then.Need the data of transmission to be mapped on the symbol of OFDM,, add Cyclic Prefix, send through behind the IFFT.Receiving terminal utilizes FFT to solve the OFDM symbol, takes out the data that are mapped to this symbol.The OFDM technology is as having the frequency multiplexing technique of transmission of high-rate data service ability, and it is strong to have an anti-multipath interference performance, and characteristics such as bandwidth availability ratio height have been widely used in the existing communication system.The OFDM technology is in WLAN standard 802.11a, and Related product has obtained to use; The correlation technique of OFDM and MIMO combination has also been finished standard and has been worked out in IEEE802.16.And in the mobile radio telecommunications connecting system, the AIE stage 2 of third generation partner program 2 (3GPP2) is using the OFDM technique construction to have the architecture design of the mobile radio telecommunications connecting system of higher frequency efficient.
The general time-frequency two-dimensional Design Mode that adopts of physical channel mapping in the ofdm system.Fig. 1 has provided the structure of an OFDM frame, comprises 8 symbols on this frame time, has 16 subcarriers on the frequency, and every kind of pattern has been represented a Resource Block among the figure.A resource block size is a 4 * 8=32 subcarrier among the figure, can put down the data of 32 bits.Therefore, the physical channel mapping just is meant that the data bit that will pass shines upon in these Resource Block.Certainly when mapping, wish that the mapped data block size is available Resource Block integral multiple, all like this data can take physical resource assurance resource and can not waste.
When considering the mapping of ofdm system frame physical channel, need the position of the mapping of consideration pilot tone and common control information, and the mapping of Traffic Channel.The mode of Traffic Channel mapping mainly contains two kinds: a kind of is to concentrate the mode of distributing (localized), and another kind is discrete (distributed) mode of distributing.
Concentrated mode of distributing is divided into some subbands with whole frequency as shown in Figure 2, and each subband is made up of continuous sub-carriers.The base station is according to the channel quality information (CQI) of each subband of user feedback, on the temporal frequency face, is that unit distributes to the user with the subband with the resource of physical channel.Under this mode, user by selecting and scheduling can be avoided the frequency band of deep fade, effectively contrary frequency selectivity decline.So, concentrate the mode of distributing that higher efficiency of transmission is arranged.But, concentrate the mode of distributing to need the CQI feedback of each subband, the duty ratio of reverse control channel is bigger.And for the user of high-speed motion, because variations is too fast, the CQI that feeds back can not react current channel quality.So concentrate the mode of distributing only to be suitable for low speed user.
Discrete mode of distributing as shown in Figure 2, each user's data is dispersed on the whole temporal frequency face.For the discrete method of salary distribution, as long as the CQI that whole frequency band is average is known in the base station, so the load of based on feedback link is less.Be suitable for the less data service of packet, as speech business etc.Because data are dispersed on the whole frequency band, the therefore discrete method of salary distribution has the diversity gain on the frequency, and it is applicable to high-speed motion and Common Control Channel etc., but the efficient of its transmission is not as the centralized distribution pattern height.
As seen, the centralized distribution pattern and the discrete method of salary distribution respectively have pluses and minuses, want to make full use of channel resource, need to consider the multiplexing of dual mode.
Standard CDMA 2000 as the comparative maturity of 3GPP2 issue, the radio configuration scheme of its Traffic Channel physical layer and corresponding upper strata are handled all comparative maturity and have been obtained checking, therefore with the OFDM technology during as new access network technology, carry out the design of frame mapping structure except considering the technical characteristic of OFDM own, if can directly inherit radio configuration scheme and corresponding upper strata processing procedure in the CDMA2000 system, just can save a large amount of time and moneys in the system development afterwards, and convenient compatibility to existing C DMA2000 system.
In addition, it is when last main trend that MIMO and OFDM technology are combined design together, also should consider the compatibility to mimo system when considering the mapping of OFDM frame physical channel.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of physical channel mapping method and device of OFDM frames, make the physical channel mapping of OFDM frame can be compatible the forward traffic channel structure of existing C DMA2000 system; Further, make OFDM support multiple-input and multiple-output MIMO technology.
The invention provides following technical scheme:
The physical channel mapping method of a kind of OFDM (OFDM) frame is used for compatible CDMA2000 radio configuration; This method comprises the steps:
Be user data Resources allocation channel, and all channel resources that at every turn distribute for user data comprise sub-carrier number and add up to 48 or 144 positive integer doubly;
Data are carried out coded modulation generate modulation symbol, and modulation symbol is mapped on the corresponding sub-carrier of OFDM code.
Wherein:
The multiplexing centralized distribution pattern and the discrete method of salary distribution during Resources allocation channel.
For centralized distribution pattern, the minimum sub-carrier number that each channel resource comprises be 36 or 48 positive integer doubly; Perhaps, for the discrete method of salary distribution, the minimum sub-carrier number that each channel resource comprises be 24 or 36 positive integer doubly.
Pilot tone and common control information are mapped in the front end of each OFDM frame and adjacent.
The outer symbol residue symbolic number that takies except pilot tone and control information in each OFDM frame is 2 multiple, and discrete allocative decision is identical on the every pair of antenna corresponding symbol.
A kind of emitter comprises:
Be used to user data Resources allocation channel, and all channel resources that at every turn distribute for user data comprise sub-carrier number and add up to 48 or 144 positive integer device doubly;
Be used for data are carried out the device that coded modulation generates modulation symbol;
Modulation symbol is mapped to device on the corresponding sub-carrier of OFDM code.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, when the mapping of the physical channel of OFDM frame, for concentrate distribute minimum allowable resource piece be 36 or 48 positive integer doubly, can be [36,48,72,96,144] select in, discrete divide the minimum allowable resource piece of timing be 24 or 36 positive integer doubly, can be [24,36,48] select in, therefore, can mate the data rate requirement among the CDMA2000, the compatible forward traffic channel structure of CDMA2000.Can directly inherit radio configuration scheme and corresponding upper strata processing procedure in the CDMA2000 system like this, directly use correlation module wherein in the system development afterwards, save a large amount of development time and input, and conveniently existing C DMA2000 system is carried out compatibility.
2, in a frame, support discrete the distribution and concentrated allocation model simultaneously, taken into account at a high speed and the demand of low speed user.
3, pilot tone and common control information are placed on the front end of every frame and adjacent, have improved the decoding accuracy of common control information and made the user who is in battery saving mode only need to detect the anterior symbol of every frame, thereby saved the user side power consumption.
4, the outer symbol residue symbolic number that takies except pilot tone and control information in each OFDM frame is 2 multiple, and identical for the hopping scheme of every adjacent antenna under the discrete allocation model, can support the MIMO The application of new technique like this.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing OFDM frame structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a channel centralized distribution pattern schematic diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is a channel dispersion method of salary distribution schematic diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 4 is that CDMA2000 system forward Traffic Channel is handled schematic diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 5 is that the ofdm system forward traffic channel is handled schematic diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 6 A is the structural representation of transmitter in the individual antenna system in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 B is the flow chart that sends data in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are the schematic diagram of distributes resource blocks in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Consult that the forward traffic channel processing procedure is among the CDMA2000 shown in Figure 4, general: in step 400, the length of distributing the information bit that gets off according to the upper strata determines whether that needs add reservation bit; In step 401, behind information bit, add cyclic redundancy check bits; In step 402, add code tail bit or reservation bit; In step 403, the data after handling are carried out convolution or turbo coding; In step 404,, carry out the processing of repetition and/or punching according to the different radio configuration of the data behind the coding; In step 405, data are carried out scrambling handle; In step 406, the data after the scrambling are input to the block interleaving module interweave; In step 407, retransmit HARQ if support to mix, then carry out the son bag and select; In step 408, data are carried out the QPSK/8PSK/16QAM modulation, in step 409, the data after the modulation are carried out spread processing.
As shown in Figure 5, adopt in the air interface forward channel processing procedure of OFDM technology, step 500 to 508 with the processing procedure of CDMA2000 in like manner, in step 509, modulation symbol is mapped on the subcarrier of OFDM code element.
Comparison diagram 4 and Fig. 5 if the size of both block interleavings is consistent, just can have unified forward traffic channel structure as can be known.
Provided in the CDMA2000 system supported data block size under two kinds of spreading rates in the table 1, table 2 has provided the radio configuration characteristic of the forward traffic channel among the CDMA2000.
Table one
| 48 | 96 | 192 | 384 | 768 | 1536 | 3072 | 6144 | 12288 |
| 144 | 288 | 576 | 1152 | 2304 | 4608 | 9216 | 18432 | 36864 |
Table two
| Radio configuration | Supporting | Data rate | |
| 1 | 1 | 1200,2400,4800 and 9600bps data rate R=1/2, | |
| 2 | 1 | 1800,3600,7200 and 14400bps data rate R=1/2, BPSK | |
| 3 | 1 | 1200,1350,1500,2400,2700,4800,9600,19200,38400,76800 and 153600bps data rate R=1/4, QPSK | |
| 4 | 1 | 1200，1350，1500，2400，2700，4800，9600，19200， |
| 38400,76800,153600 and 307200bps data rate R=1/2, QPSK | ||
| 5 | 1 | 1800,3600,7200,14400,28800,57600,115200 and 230400bps data rate R=1/4, QPSK |
| 6 | 3 | 1200,1350,1500,2400,2700,4800,9600,19200,38400,76800,153600 and 307200bps data rate R=1/6, QPSK |
| 7 | 3 | 1200,1350,1500,2400,2700,4800,9600,19200,38400,76800,153600,307200 and 614400bps data rate R=1/3, QPSK |
| 8 | 3 | 1800,3600,7200,14400,28800,57600,115200,230400 and 460800bps data rate R=1/4 (20 ms) or 1/3 (5ms), QPSK |
| 9 | 3 | 1800,3600,7200,14400,28800,57600,115200,230400,259200,460800,518400 and 1036800 bps data rate R=1/2 (20ms) or, 1/3 (5ms), QPSK |
| 10 | 1 | 43200,81600,86400,158400,163200,172800,312000,316800,326400,465600,619200,624000,633600,772800,931200,1238400,1248000,1545600,1,862,400 2476800, and 3091200bps bag data R=1/5, QPSK, 8-PSK, or 16-QAM |
As can be known from the above table, when the total number of sub-carriers that comprises of all channel resources of at every turn distributing for user data of ofdm system is 48 or 144 a positive integer times in the present invention, the forward traffic channel structure in can compatible CDMA2000.
In the present embodiment, in order to take into account simultaneously at a high speed and the demand of low speed user, resource allocation is adopted to concentrate and is distributed and the discrete multiplex mode that distributes.Distribute for concentrating, the minimum sub-carrier number that each channel resource comprises (being minimum allowable resource piece) is selected in [36,48,72,96,144]; Distribute for discrete, the minimum sub-carrier number that each channel resource comprises is selected in [24,36,48], so just can guarantee that at every turn Resource Block for the user data distribution can satisfy 48 or 144 positive integer times.
In order to improve decoding accuracy, and make the user who is in battery saving mode only need to detect the anterior symbol of every frame, save the user side power consumption, pilot tone and common control information are placed on the front end of every frame and adjacent common control information.
For the Alamouti Space Time Coding in the compatible MIMO technology, the outer symbol that takies except pilot tone and control information in each frame data, remaining symbolic number N is 2 positive integer doubly (that is: N mod 2=0), and discrete allocative decision is identical on the every pair of antenna corresponding symbol.
Consult shown in Fig. 6 A, the transmitter in the individual antenna system comprises: coding unit 11, modulating unit 12, map unit 13, contrary fast fourier transform IFFT unit 14 and antenna 20 (not shown all processing units).Coding unit 11 is used for packet is carried out encoding process; Modulating unit 12 is used for data behind the modulating-coding to generate the modulation symbol bag; Map unit 13 is used for the subcarrier of the sign map in the modulation symbol bag to the OFDM code element; IFFT unit 14 is used for the associated data on each OFDM code element is done contrary discrete fast Fourier transform, obtains the OFDM code element of time domain; Antenna 20 is used to launch the OFDM code element.
Consult shown in Fig. 6 B, the main handling process of carrying out OFDM frame physical channel at transmitting terminal is as follows:
Data behind step 620,12 pairs of codings of modulating unit are modulated, and generate the modulation symbol bag.
When all subcarriers in the frame all associated behind the corresponding data symbol, IFFT unit 14 is to the associated data on each OFDM code element, does contrary discrete fast Fourier transform (IFFT), obtains the OFDM code element of time domain.Then, by the antenna 20 continuous a plurality of OFDM code elements that send in the frame.
Fig. 7 has provided an instantiation that adopts above-mentioned resource distribution mode.In the figure, a frame comprises 8 symbols, and pilot channel and common control information take two symbols, and the front that is placed on Frame is also adjacent; Square A and square B represent to distribute to the subcarrier of discrete distributing user, and other parts are to concentrate the resource of distributing user.Square B is discrete user's a frequency hopping pattern (promptly the I of user resource of occupying is in the method for salary distribution of whole temporal frequency domain).At this example, whole frequency band is divided into 12 subbands (having omitted 8 subbands), and each subband comprises 32 subcarriers, the least unit of feedback CQI when subband is centralized dispatching.
By discrete smallest allocation resource block size of distributing, all subbands are divided into 4 parts, on except per two symbols of preceding two outer symbols, select a subcarrier that is used for discrete mode to form frequency hopping pattern in every part, shown in the square B of first three subband among the figure, that is to say, 3 subbands are used for the discrete subcarrier that distributes in front, it is chosen a subcarrier that is used for discrete mode according to a certain frequency-hopping mode and forms frequency hopping pattern in each symbol in 6 OFDM symbols of continuous residue, next per 3 subbands of frequency hopping pattern repeat once, promptly 12 subbands repeat 4 times altogether, like this, the summation of all the square B in 12 subbands is exactly discrete user's a smallest allocation resource.Therefore, smallest allocation Resource Block in this example is a 4*6=24 subcarrier.And concentrate the smallest allocation Resource Block that distributes is 24 * 6=144 subcarrier.The smallest allocation resource block size of the discrete mode that obtains according to embodiment is 24, promptly can mate data rate requirement among the CDMA2000 for user data distributes two or more Resource Block at every turn, compatible Traffic Channel structure among the CDMA2000.
Physical mappings shown in Figure 7 has been considered the requirement of OFDM technology itself, discrete distribution and concentrated allocation model have been supported simultaneously, pilot tone and common control information are placed on the front end of every frame, can improve the accuracy of common control information and make the user who is in battery saving mode only need to detect preceding two symbols of every frame, thereby save the user side power consumption.
Fig. 8 has provided an instantiation that adopts above-mentioned resource distribution mode.This example compatibility MIMO technology (comprising the Alamouti Space Time Coding) commonly used.One frame comprises 8 symbols, and pilot channel and common control information take two symbols, is placed on the front of Frame, and satisfies (8-2) mod2=0.The discrete user's of square A ' expression frequency hopping pattern (promptly the I of user resource of occupying is in the method for salary distribution of whole temporal frequency domain).In this embodiment, whole frequency band is divided into 12 subbands, and each subband comprises 32 subcarriers, the least unit of feedback CQI when subband is centralized dispatching.
By discrete smallest allocation resource block size of distributing, all subbands are divided into 4 parts, on except per two symbols of preceding two outer symbols, select a subcarrier that is used for discrete mode to form frequency hopping pattern in every part, shown in the square A ' of first three subband among the figure, that is to say, 3 subbands are used for the discrete subcarrier that distributes in front, it selects the identical subcarrier that is used for discrete mode to forming frequency hopping pattern according to a certain frequency-hopping mode per two continuous symbols in 6 continuous OFDM symbols, next per 3 subbands of frequency hopping pattern repeat once, promptly 12 subbands repeat 4 times altogether, like this, all the square A ' summations in 12 subbands are exactly discrete user's smallest allocation resource.This two continuous symbols are held together and carry out frequency hopping and can support MIMO easily, such as realizing STBC coding etc.Smallest allocation Resource Block in this example is a 4*6=24 subcarrier.And concentrate the smallest allocation Resource Block that distributes is 24 * 6=144 subcarrier.The smallest allocation resource block size of the discrete mode that obtains according to embodiment is 24, promptly can mate data rate requirement among the CDMA2000 for user data distributes two or more Resource Block at every turn, compatible Traffic Channel structure among the CDMA2000.
Physical mappings among Fig. 8 has been considered the requirement of OFDM technology itself, support discrete the distribution and concentrated allocation model simultaneously, pilot tone and common control information are placed on the front end of every frame and adjacent, improve the decoding accuracy of common control information and made the user who is in battery saving mode only need to detect preceding two symbols of every frame, thereby saved the user side power consumption.Discrete mode smallest allocation resource block size is 24, and concentrate under two kinds of situations pattern smallest allocation resource block size be respectively 144 and 96 can both compatible CDMA2000 the forward traffic channel structure.MIMO technology commonly used has been supported in this design simultaneously.
From as can be known above-mentioned:
1, the present invention has provided the OFDM frame physical channel mapping scheme of the technical characteristic of not only bringing into play OFDM itself but also channel architecture that can compatible CDMA2000 Traffic Channel.
2, in a frame, support discrete the distribution and concentrated allocation model simultaneously, taken into account at a high speed and the demand of low speed user.
3, pilot tone and common control information are placed on the front end of every frame and adjacent, have improved the decoding accuracy of common control information and have made the user who is in battery saving mode only need to detect the anterior symbol of every frame, thereby saved the user side power consumption.
4, concentrate the minimum allowable resource piece of branch timing [36,48,72,96,144] select in, the discrete minimum allowable resource piece of timing that divides is [24,36,48] select in, can mate the data rate requirement among the CDMA2000, the compatible forward traffic channel structure of CDMA2000.Can directly inherit radio configuration scheme and corresponding upper strata processing procedure in the CDMA2000 system like this, directly use correlation module wherein in the system development afterwards, save a large amount of development time and input, and conveniently existing C DMA2000 system is carried out compatibility.
5, the present invention can support the MIMO The application of new technique.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification to the present invention and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (10)
1, the physical channel mapping method of a kind of OFDM (OFDM) frame is used for compatible CDMA2000 radio configuration; This method comprises the steps:
Be user data Resources allocation channel, and all channel resources that at every turn distribute for user data comprise sub-carrier number and add up to 48 or 144 positive integer doubly;
Data are carried out coded modulation generate modulation symbol, and modulation symbol is mapped on the corresponding sub-carrier of OFDM code.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the multiplexing centralized distribution pattern and the discrete method of salary distribution during Resources allocation channel.
3, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, for centralized distribution pattern, the minimum sub-carrier number that each channel resource comprises be 36 or 48 positive integer doubly; Perhaps, for the discrete method of salary distribution, the minimum sub-carrier number that each channel resource comprises be 24 or 36 positive integer doubly.
4, as claim 1,2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that, pilot tone and common control information are mapped in the front end of each OFDM frame and adjacent.
5, method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the outer symbol residue symbolic number that takies except pilot tone and control information in each OFDM frame is 2 multiple, and discrete allocative decision is identical on the every pair of antenna corresponding symbol.
6, a kind of emitter is characterized in that, comprising:
Be used to user data Resources allocation channel, and all channel resources that at every turn distribute for user data comprise sub-carrier number and add up to 48 or 144 positive integer device doubly;
Be used for data are carried out the device that coded modulation generates modulation symbol;
Modulation symbol is mapped to device on the corresponding sub-carrier of OFDM code.
7, emitter as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the multiplexing centralized distribution pattern and the discrete method of salary distribution during Resources allocation channel.
8, emitter as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, for centralized distribution pattern, the minimum sub-carrier number that each channel resource comprises be 36 or 48 positive integer doubly; Perhaps, for the discrete method of salary distribution, the minimum sub-carrier number that each channel resource comprises be 24 or 36 positive integer doubly.
9, as claim 6,7 or 8 described emitters, it is characterized in that, pilot tone and common control information are mapped in the front end of each OFDM frame and adjacent.
10, emitter as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, the outer symbol residue symbolic number that takies except pilot tone and control information in each OFDM frame is 2 multiple, and discrete allocative decision is identical on the every pair of antenna corresponding symbol.
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