CN109944228B - Equipment and method for treating sludge with ultrahigh water content by vacuum preloading-curing - Google Patents
Equipment and method for treating sludge with ultrahigh water content by vacuum preloading-curing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field related to geotechnical engineering and hydraulic engineering, and discloses equipment and a method for treating sludge with ultrahigh water content by combining vacuum preloading and solidification of a horizontal drainage plate. According to the invention, the vacuum pump applies vacuum load to the horizontal drainage plate through the water-steam separator, so that the moisture content of the sludge is reduced, the stirring device is provided for mixing and stirring the curing agent and the sludge, so that the simultaneous implementation of vacuum preloading drainage consolidation and curing of the curing agent can be realized, the rapid reduction of the moisture content of the sludge is realized through the vacuum preloading, and the sludge strength is efficiently improved through the curing reaction. The invention is suitable for various curing agents, is not limited by the types of the curing agents, can realize the filling and reinforcing at the same time, obviously improves the dehydration efficiency, can avoid the problem of bending of the drainage plate caused by large consolidation and sedimentation of the sludge, and effectively improves the vacuum load transfer efficiency, thereby greatly shortening the vacuum preloading drainage consolidation time, obviously improving the soil body strength and saving the construction time and cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering and hydraulic engineering, and relates to equipment and a method for treating sludge with ultrahigh water content by combining vacuum preloading and solidification, in particular to equipment and a method for treating sludge with ultrahigh water content by combining vacuum preloading and solidification of a horizontal drainage plate.
Background
At present, dredging engineering, tailing treatment engineering, river and lake water body treatment engineering and subsequent treatment of various engineering slurries are increasing day by day, the engineering often involves the treatment problem of sludge with ultrahigh water content, and the sludge generally has the characteristics of high water content, high compressibility, low shear strength, low permeability coefficient, long consolidation time and the like. How to rapidly treat the sludge is of great significance to subsequent engineering construction and site planning.
The vacuum preloading method is one of drainage consolidation methods, and has been widely used in soft soil foundation consolidation projects. At present, a vacuum preloading method is mainly used for soft soil foundation reinforcement engineering, a vertical drainage plate is adopted, and mechanical equipment is needed for inserting the plate, so that certain requirements are met on the strength (namely bearing capacity) of a construction site, and the vacuum preloading method is not suitable for ultrahigh water content sludge with extremely low strength. In addition, in the soft soil treatment process with large settling volume, the vertical drainage plate is bent frequently, and the transmission of vacuum load is seriously influenced, so that the deep soft soil treatment effect is poor. Because the vacuum preloading method applies limited vacuum load (generally 80kPa), the soft soil treatment effect is poor for the soft soil with high content of the sticky grains, and the vacuum preloading time is long.
The solidification method is an effective method for improving the properties of the soil body, but the method is only suitable for the soil with lower water content, and the reinforcement effect is poor for the sludge with ultrahigh water content. In the engineering, for treating the sludge with ultrahigh water content, the water content is generally reduced by drainage consolidation, and then the soil body strength is improved by a solidification method. The method has long construction period, occupies a construction site for a long time and is not beneficial to engineering construction and site planning. Therefore, there is a need in the art to develop a method for rapidly treating sludge with ultra-high water content and a corresponding treatment apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides equipment and a method for treating sludge with ultrahigh water content by combining vacuum preloading and solidification of a horizontal drainage plate, and aims to perform drainage reinforcement by utilizing vacuum preloading at the initial stage of hydration reaction after a curing agent is added, quickly reduce the water content of the sludge and preliminarily improve the strength of the sludge through the vacuum preloading, and continuously and greatly improve the strength of a soil body through the hydration reaction at the later stage of solidification, so that the aim of quickly and efficiently reinforcing the sludge with ultrahigh water content is fulfilled.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an apparatus for processing ultra-high water content sludge by combining vacuum preloading and solidification of horizontal drainage plates, which is used for filling ultra-high water content sludge in a processing field, and comprises: the device comprises a horizontal drainage layer, a stirring device, a drainage pipe, a valve, a water-vapor separator, a vacuum pressure gauge, a vacuum pump and a drainage pump;
the horizontal drainage layer has a plurality of layers, and each horizontal drainage layer comprises a horizontal connecting pipe and a plurality of horizontal drainage plates; each horizontal drainage plate is connected with a horizontal connecting pipe through a respective drainage plate joint;
the number of the water discharging pipes and the number of the valves are multiple, each horizontal connecting pipe is correspondingly connected with one water discharging pipe, each water discharging pipe is provided with one valve, and the tail end of each water discharging pipe converges into the top of the water-gas separator; the top of the water-vapor separator is also provided with a vacuum pressure gauge and is connected with a vacuum pump; the bottom of the water-vapor separator is connected with a drainage pump;
the stirring device is used for stirring and mixing the sludge with the ultrahigh water content and the curing agent and filling the mixture onto a horizontal drainage layer paved on a treatment site by blowing.
In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating ultra-high water content sludge by performing a combination of vacuum preloading and solidification of horizontal drainage plates based on the above apparatus, comprising the steps of:
(1) laying a first horizontal drainage layer in a treatment site, and connecting the first horizontal drainage layer with a water-vapor separator through a corresponding drainage pipe;
(2) adding a curing agent and sludge to be treated into a stirring device, fully and uniformly stirring, and then filling the mixture onto a first horizontal drainage layer in a treatment field;
(3) opening a vacuum pump to apply vacuum load, simultaneously opening a valve corresponding to the first horizontal drainage layer, and performing vacuum preloading drainage until the designed first layer hydraulic filling height is reached; in the process, the blowing filling, the vacuum preloading and the curing reaction of the curing agent are carried out simultaneously;
(4) stopping hydraulic filling, laying a second horizontal drainage layer, and then continuing hydraulic filling;
(5) opening a valve corresponding to the second horizontal drainage layer, and performing vacuum preloading drainage until the designed second hydraulic filling height is reached;
(6) and (5) repeating the steps (4) and (5), and blowing and filling upwards layer by layer until the designed total blowing and filling height is reached, and draining water by a drainage pump (10) in due time.
Further, in the step (1), the distance between every two adjacent horizontal drainage plates in the same horizontal drainage layer is not more than 0.5 m;
further, in the step (2), the curing agent is any one or combination of more of cement, lime, fly ash or alkali-activated blast furnace slag powder.
Furthermore, the mixing amount of the curing agent accounts for 5-30% of the mass of the dry soil.
Further, the alkali-activated blast furnace slag powder is formed by mixing an alkali activator and the blast furnace slag powder, wherein the alkali activator accounts for 5-40% of the mass of the blast furnace slag powder.
Further, in the step (4), the distance between two adjacent upper and lower horizontal drainage plates is not more than 1.0 m.
In general, compared with the prior art, the equipment and the method for treating the sludge with the ultrahigh water content by combining vacuum preloading and solidification provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention can quickly drain water and reinforce through vacuum preloading, quickly reduce the water content and improve the sludge strength;
(2) the invention integrates soil solidification and vacuum preloading drainage reinforcement into a whole, and drainage is carried out by utilizing the hydration reaction time of the curing agent, so that the sludge with ultrahigh water content can be quickly reinforced; and because can shorten the processing time through vacuum preloading and drainage reinforcement, can be applicable to multiple curing agent, do not receive the curing agent kind restriction.
(3) The invention can realize the filling and reinforcing, obviously improve the dehydration efficiency, avoid the problem of the bending of the drainage plate caused by the large consolidation and sedimentation of the silt, and effectively improve the vacuum load transmission efficiency, thereby greatly shortening the vacuum preloading drainage consolidation time, obviously improving the soil body strength, saving the construction time, effectively reducing the occupied time of a treatment field, greatly saving the construction cost and being beneficial to the reasonable planning of a subsequent field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for treating sludge with ultrahigh water content by combining vacuum preloading and solidification of a horizontal drainage plate;
FIG. 2 is a result of testing unconfined compressive strength of a soil body at 28 days after ultrahigh-water-content sludge is subjected to vacuum preloading-solidification combined treatment;
FIG. 3 is a test result of the water content of the ultra-high water content sludge during the vacuum pre-pressing dehydration.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
1-sludge doped with curing agent, 2-horizontal drainage plate, 3-horizontal connecting pipe, 4-stirring device, 5-drainage pipe, 6-valve, 7-water-vapor separator, 8-vacuum pressure gauge, 9-high-power vacuum pump and 10-drainage pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for treating ultra-high water content sludge by vacuum preloading and solidification in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises: the device comprises a horizontal drainage layer, a stirring device 4, a drainage pipe 5, a valve 6, a water-vapor separator 7, a vacuum pressure gauge 8, a vacuum pump 9 and a drainage pump 10. The horizontal drainage layer has a plurality of layers, and each horizontal drainage layer includes a horizontal connection pipe 3 and a plurality of horizontal drainage plates 2. Each horizontal drainage plate 2 is connected with a horizontal connecting pipe 3 through a respective drainage plate joint. The number of the water discharging pipes 5 and the number of the valves 6 are multiple, each horizontal connecting pipe 3 is correspondingly connected with one water discharging pipe 5, each water discharging pipe 5 is provided with one valve 6, and the tail end of each water discharging pipe 5 converges into the top of the water-gas separator 7. The top of the water-vapor separator 7 is also provided with a vacuum pressure gauge 8 which is connected with a high-power vacuum pump 9. The bottom of the water-vapor separator 7 is connected with a drainage pump 10. The stirring device 4 is used for stirring and mixing the sludge with the ultrahigh water content and the curing agent and filling the sludge 1 doped with the curing agent onto a horizontal drainage layer paved on a treatment site.
The method of the invention adopts the equipment to operate:
(1) laying a first horizontal drainage layer in a treatment site, and connecting the first horizontal drainage layer with a water-vapor separator 7 through a corresponding drainage pipe 5;
(2) adding a curing agent and sludge to be treated into a stirring device 4, fully and uniformly stirring, and then filling the mixture onto a first horizontal drainage layer in a treatment field;
(3) opening a vacuum pump 9 to apply vacuum load, and simultaneously opening a valve 6 corresponding to the first horizontal drainage layer to perform vacuum preloading drainage until the designed first layer hydraulic filling height is reached; in the process, the blowing filling, the vacuum preloading and the curing reaction of the curing agent are carried out simultaneously; the vacuum pump 9 is preferably a high-power vacuum pump with the power of more than 5 kilowatts;
(4) stopping hydraulic filling, laying a second horizontal drainage layer, and then continuing hydraulic filling;
(5) opening a valve 6 corresponding to the second horizontal drainage layer, and performing vacuum preloading drainage until the designed second hydraulic filling height is reached;
(6) and (5) repeating the steps 4 and 5, and blowing and filling upwards layer by layer until the designed total blowing and filling height is reached, and draining water by a drainage pump 10 in due time.
As a further preferable scheme, in the step (1), the distance between every two adjacent horizontal drainage plates 2 in the same horizontal drainage layer is not more than 0.5 m;
in a further preferable scheme, in the step (2), the curing agent is any one or a combination of more of cement, lime, fly ash or alkali-activated blast furnace slag powder.
In a further preferable scheme, the mixing amount of the curing agent accounts for 5% -30% of the mass of the dry soil, wherein the mass of the dry soil is × (1-water content) of the mass of the sludge.
As a further preferable scheme, the alkali-activated blast furnace slag powder is formed by mixing an alkali activator and the blast furnace slag powder, wherein the alkali activator accounts for 5-40% of the mass of the blast furnace slag powder.
As a further preferable scheme, in the step (4), the distance between two adjacent upper and lower horizontal drainage plates 2 is not more than 1.0 m.
The method for treating the sludge with ultra-high water content by combining the vacuum preloading and solidification of the horizontal drainage plate in the embodiment is described in the following with reference to the steps (1) to (4) by a single test process:
(1) arranging a vacuum preloading field: the method comprises the following steps of firstly laying horizontal drainage plates 2 of a first horizontal drainage layer on a treatment site, connecting one end of each horizontal drainage plate 2 with a water-gas separator 7 through a corresponding drainage plate joint, a horizontal connecting pipe 5 and a drainage pipe 5, and connecting the water-gas separator 7 with a vacuum pump 9 and a drainage pump 10. A switch is arranged between the horizontal drainage plates 2 and the water-gas separator 7 to control vacuum load, in the embodiment, the high-power vacuum pump 9 is used for uniformly applying the vacuum load and adjusting the size of the vacuum load, and the valves 6 are switched to independently control whether the horizontal drainage plates 2 on each layer apply the vacuum load.
(2) Sludge to be treated and a curing agent are stirred and mixed uniformly through a stirring device 4, and then the mixture is filled to a treatment site by blowing, wherein the curing agent formed by mixing blast furnace slag powder (GGBS) and exciting agents with different mixing amounts is selected in the embodiment, and in addition, cement is independently added as a reference (a second group in a table 1, a dotted line b in a figure 2);
(3) and opening the vacuum pump 9, opening the valves 6 between the water-vapor separator 7 and the vacuum pump 9 and between the first layer of horizontal drainage plate 2 and the water-vapor separator 7, and applying a vacuum load. Firstly, the applied vacuum load is 10kPa, then a first-stage vacuum load is added every half hour, the pressure grades of the vacuum load are respectively 20kPa, 40kPa and 80kPa, and finally the vacuum load is stabilized at 80 kPa;
(4) the vacuum load was applied continuously for a period of 5 days and then the application of the vacuum load was stopped.
In the step (2), calcium hydroxide (commonly called hydrated lime) is used as the exciting agent, the mixing amount of the blast furnace slag powder and the cement is 10% of the mass of the dry soil, and the mixing amount of the calcium hydroxide accounts for 5%, 10%, 20% and 40% of the mass of the blast furnace slag powder and is compared with four different grades. The ultra-high water content sludge is taken from Wenzhou, the plastic limit and the liquid limit of the ultra-high water content sludge are respectively 26% and 60%, and the initial water content is 300% (namely 5 times of the liquid limit water content).
In the step (4), after continuously applying the vacuum load for 5 days, sampling immediately and placing in a constant temperature box for maintenance, wherein the maintenance environment is as follows: the temperature is 20 ℃ and the relative humidity is 95% +/-3%. According to different requirements, the curing stage can carry out curing according to the existing curing soil strength test specification and test the strength after the curing is finished.
In order to further analyze the effectiveness of the method for treating the ultrahigh water content sludge by vacuum preloading-solidification, a group of tests in which a vacuum load is not applied and the cement content is 10% were performed as a control at the same time as the above tests.
The test groups are shown in Table 1, and the unconfined compressive strength of each group is shown in FIG. 2.
TABLE 1 grouping table
| Group of | Content providing method and apparatus |
| Group a | Calcium hydroxide/blast furnace slag powder and vacuum preloading |
| Group b | Cement and vacuum prepressing |
| Group c | Cement |
"cement + vacuum preloading" means that cement is used as a curing agent and vacuum load is applied, and "cement" means that only cement is cured without vacuum load applied. As can be seen from figure 2, the strength of the soil body of the group (group b) of cement and vacuum preloading is obviously higher than that of the soil body of the group (group c) of cement, and the strength of the soil body of the group (group b) of cement and vacuum preloading is about 8.1 times that of the soil body of the group (group c) of cement, which shows that the method can obviously improve the strength of the soil body. In addition, when the curing time is 28 days, when the doping amount of the excitant calcium hydroxide of the group a is 10 percent and 20 percent of the blast furnace slag powder respectively, the soil body strength is about 41.9 times and 36.4 times of that of the group 'cement'. When the doping amount of the excitant calcium hydroxide of the group a is 40 percent of the blast furnace slag powder, the soil body strength is more than 98 times of that of the soil body of the cement group.
The change of the water content of the sludge of the 'cement + vacuum preloading' group and the 'cement' group with time is shown in figure 3. It can be seen from the figure that during the 5-day vacuum preloading drainage period, the water content of the sludge in the group of cement and vacuum preloading is rapidly reduced along with the time, and the water content of the sludge in the group of cement is not obviously changed. On the fifth day, the water content of the sludge in the group of cement and vacuum preloading is about 50 percent of that of the group of cement.
As can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, the strength of the sample reinforced by the vacuum preloading-curing combined method is much higher than that of the directly cured sample, and the water content of the sample is much lower than that of the directly cured sample. The method integrates the vacuum preloading drainage consolidation and the solidification treatment, realizes the combination of the respective advantages of the two reinforcement methods, quickly reduces the water content, obviously improves the soil body strength and greatly shortens the construction time.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an equipment of horizontal drain bar vacuum preloading-solidification combined treatment ultrahigh water content silt for at the processing place hydraulic fill ultrahigh water content silt, its characterized in that includes: the device comprises a horizontal drainage layer, a stirring device (4), a drainage pipe (5), a valve (6), a water-vapor separator (7), a vacuum pressure gauge (8), a vacuum pump (9) and a drainage pump (10);
the horizontal drainage layer has a plurality of layers, and each horizontal drainage layer comprises a horizontal connecting pipe (3) and a plurality of horizontal drainage plates (2); each horizontal drainage plate (2) is connected with a horizontal connecting pipe (3) through a respective drainage plate joint;
the number of the water drainage pipes (5) and the number of the valves (6) are multiple, each horizontal connecting pipe (3) is correspondingly connected with one water drainage pipe (5), each water drainage pipe (5) is provided with one valve (6), and the tail end of each water drainage pipe (5) converges into the top of the water-gas separator (7); the top of the water-vapor separator (7) is also provided with a vacuum pressure gauge (8) which is connected with a vacuum pump (9); the bottom of the water-steam separator (7) is connected with a drainage pump (10);
the stirring device (4) is used for stirring and mixing the sludge with the ultrahigh water content and the curing agent and filling the mixture onto a horizontal drainage layer paved on a treatment site;
wherein, the distance between every two adjacent horizontal drainage plates (2) in the same horizontal drainage layer is not more than 0.5 m; the mixing amount of the curing agent accounts for 5 to 30 percent of the mass of the dry soil; the distance between the two adjacent layers of horizontal drainage plates (2) is not more than 1.0 m.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the curing agent is one or the combination of more of cement, lime, fly ash or alkali-activated blast furnace slag powder.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the alkali-activated blast furnace slag powder is formed by mixing an alkali activator and the blast furnace slag powder, wherein the alkali activator accounts for 5-40% of the mass of the blast furnace slag powder.
4. The method for carrying out the combination of vacuum preloading and solidification on the horizontal drainage plate to treat the sludge with the ultrahigh water content based on the equipment of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) laying a first horizontal drainage layer in a treatment site, and connecting the first horizontal drainage layer with a water-steam separator (7) through a corresponding drainage pipe (5); the distance between every two adjacent horizontal drainage plates (2) in the same horizontal drainage layer is not more than 0.5 m;
(2) adding a curing agent and sludge to be treated into a stirring device (4), fully and uniformly stirring, and then filling the mixture onto a first horizontal drainage layer in a treatment field; the mixing amount of the curing agent accounts for 5 to 30 percent of the mass of the dry soil;
(3) opening a vacuum pump (9) to apply vacuum load, and simultaneously opening a valve (6) corresponding to the first horizontal drainage layer to perform vacuum preloading drainage until the designed first layer hydraulic filling height is reached; in the process, the blowing filling, the vacuum preloading and the curing reaction of the curing agent are carried out simultaneously;
(4) stopping hydraulic filling, laying a second horizontal drainage layer, and then continuing hydraulic filling; wherein the distance between the upper and lower adjacent two layers of horizontal drainage plates (2) is not more than 1.0 m;
(5) opening a valve (6) corresponding to the second horizontal drainage layer, and performing vacuum preloading drainage until the designed second hydraulic filling height is reached;
(6) and (5) repeating the steps (4) and (5), and blowing and filling upwards layer by layer until the designed total blowing and filling height is reached, and draining water by a drainage pump (10) in due time.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (2), the curing agent is one or a combination of more of cement, lime, fly ash or alkali-activated blast furnace slag powder.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the alkali-activated blast furnace slag powder is formed by mixing an alkali activator and the blast furnace slag powder, wherein the alkali activator accounts for 5-40% of the mass of the blast furnace slag powder.
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| CN110512589B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-06-29 | 南京林业大学 | Vacuum drainage-reducing and magnesium oxide carbonization combined shallow ultra-soft foundation curing method |
| CN111395309B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2024-04-30 | 华中科技大学 | Equipment and method for treating dredging sludge by combining vacuum preloading, permeation increasing and solidification |
| CN114315063A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-12 | 三峡大学 | Sludge curing device and sludge curing method |
| CN114703828B (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2024-02-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Vacuum preloading horizontal drain board laying system and field construction method |
| CN115582417A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-01-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Engineering muck solidification treatment control method and related equipment |
| CN116354673A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-06-30 | 东南大学 | Composite curing agent and curing combined vacuum dehydration in-situ curing method |
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