CN109804440A - 具有浮动屏蔽的双绞线线缆 - Google Patents
具有浮动屏蔽的双绞线线缆 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种线缆，具有布置在芯中的多根双绞线。线缆还具有包围该芯的浮动屏蔽。浮动屏蔽包括被封闭在内介电层和外介电层之间的电连接层。线缆还包括包围浮动屏蔽的护套。
Description
对相关申请的交叉引用
本申请作为PCT国际专利申请于2017年10月13日提交，并要求于2016年10月14日提交的美国专利申请序列No.62/408,193的权益，其公开内容通过引用整体并入本文。
技术领域
本公开一般而言涉及用在电信行业中的线缆。更具体地，本公开涉及用在电信行业中的多对线缆(multi-pair cable)。
背景技术
在电信行业中使用各种各样的线缆布置。此类线缆布置包括双绞线线缆。双绞线线缆包括至少一对绝缘导体，它们彼此扭转以形成双绞线导体。多个双绞线导体有时可以相对于彼此扭转以定义双绞线芯。聚合物护套(jacket)通常被挤压在双绞线芯之上，以维持芯的构造并起到保护层的作用。
由于双绞线紧密地定位在线缆中并且线缆被定位于靠近在一起，因此电能可以在双绞线的相邻线缆之间传递。这种类型的线缆到线缆干扰通常被称为外部串扰(aliencrosstalk)。电信行业正在不断努力提高通过线缆的信号传输的速度和/或量。与电信行业有关的一个问题是与高速信号传输相关联的外部串扰的增加。因此，与高速传输相关联的信号频率的增加需要改善的外部串扰性能。
需要6A类布线来满足比典型安装的6类信道更严格的外部串扰要求。6A类系统也被指定具有较少的插入损耗，从而在10GBASE-T应用所需的频带上支持正向的信号外部串扰余量(margin)。符合标准的6A类布线产品常常通过增加直径并通过增加连接器之间的距离来机械地隔离连接器或经由接线板和面板中的其它装置来减少外部串扰，以尝试满足外部串扰要求。6A类线缆还常常依靠较厚和/或特殊设计的护套来将内部双绞线与外部双绞线物理分离并确保符合标准的外部串扰性能。
在一些应用中，为了减少双绞线线缆中的外部串扰的问题，在绞合导体的芯和线缆护套之间提供被构造为容易接地的电屏蔽层。如果使用被屏蔽的线缆连接来自两个不同电路的设备，那么会发生接地环路，从而在网络线路上造成噪声。如果接地电压差足够大，那么甚至会造成损坏。安装人员常常将被屏蔽的线缆的一端使用未屏蔽的连接器进行端接，常常称为“浮动”屏蔽。遗憾的是，浮动屏蔽常常充当拾取附加噪声的天线。
发明内容
本公开一般而言涉及一种线缆，其具有布置在芯中的多根双绞线。线缆还具有包围芯的浮动屏蔽。浮动屏蔽包括被封装在内介电层和外介电层之间的电连接层。线缆还包括包围浮动屏蔽的护套。
本公开的另一方面涉及一种线缆，其具有沿着纵向轴线在芯中延伸的多对导体和包围芯中的多对导体的未端接屏蔽。屏蔽具有传导层。线缆还具有包围未端接屏蔽并定义芯的外护套。外护套包括非传导材料。
本公开的另一方面涉及一种用于减少线缆之间的外部串扰的方法。该方法包括用浮动屏蔽包围多根双绞线，并在外护套内延伸浮动屏蔽。
附图说明
图1是根据本公开的示例实施例的、包括浮动主屏蔽的双绞线线缆的横截面图示。
图2是根据本公开的示例实施例的浮动主屏蔽的横截面图示。
具体实施方式
图1是图示根据本公开原理的双绞线线缆10的横截面视图。在下面的描述中，将线缆10描述为数据通信线缆等。但是，应该理解的是，本文描述的益处也适用于其它类型的线缆。因此，提供以下描述仅用于说明性目的，并且仅仅是本公开的主题的一个潜在应用。在本公开中，术语“传导”用于指导电性，因此可以与“导电”互换使用。
参考图1，一般而言，双绞线线缆10包括线缆芯20、护套30和浮动主屏蔽31。线缆芯20包括多个绞合导体对22。
每个绞合导体对22包括沿着该对的纵向轴线彼此绞合的两个导体24A和24B。示例绞合导体对在1996年12月11日提交的美国专利No.5,814,768中描述，该专利通过引用结合进入本文。图示的导体24A和24B分别被绝缘层26A和26B包围。绝缘层26A、26B可以被称为介电层。导体24A和24B可以由任何传导材料制成，诸如但不限于铜、铝、铜包钢、镀铜等。导体24A和24B可以是实心的或编织的。绝缘层26A和26B可以由任何绝缘的非传导的材料制成，诸如但不限于聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚丙烯、聚合物、含氟聚合物、塑料、聚乙烯等。
独立的绞合导体对22的导体24A和24B中的每一个可以以连续改变的绞合率、递增的绞合率或恒定的绞合率彼此绞合。绞合导体对22的绞合率中的每一个还可以与其它双绞线22中的一些或全部的绞合率相同，或者与其它双绞线22中的每一个的绞合率不同。
可选地，可以使用分隔器沿着线缆10的纵向轴线将双绞线22彼此隔离。示例分隔器34被示出为具有以X形或十字形延伸的四个臂，以形成四个象限。分隔器34的每个象限包含双绞线22之一。替代类型的分隔器(例如磁带间隔件)可以类似有效地将双绞线22彼此隔离。例如，分隔器34可以由非传导材料制成，诸如例如聚氯乙烯(PVC)。其它类型的非传导材料也可以用于分隔器34，包括其它塑料材料，诸如含氟聚合物(例如乙烯三氟氯乙烯(ECTF)和氟乙烯丙烯(FEP))、聚乙烯或其它电绝缘材料。优选地，该材料不会传播火焰或生成大量的烟雾。
多根双绞线22的线缆芯20也可以绕线缆10的纵向轴线绞合。线缆芯20可以以连续改变的、递增的或恒定的绞合率中的任何一个类似地绞合。
护套30包围线缆芯20。在一个实施例中，例如，护套30由非传导材料制成，诸如例如聚氯乙烯(PVC)。其它类型的非传导材料也可以用于护套，包括其它塑料材料，诸如含氟聚合物(例如乙烯三氟氯乙烯(ECTF)和氟乙烯丙烯(FEP))、聚乙烯或其它电绝缘材料。优选地，该材料不会传播火焰或生成大量的烟雾。
线缆10还可以包括浮动主屏蔽31。浮动主屏蔽31被布置在护套30内并且至少部分地围绕线缆芯20延伸，线缆芯20包括多根双绞线22。在一些实施例中，浮动主屏蔽31位于护套30的内侧。浮动主屏蔽31可以包围线缆芯20的整个圆周。在其它实施例中，浮动主屏蔽31可以仅包围芯的圆周的一部分。浮动主屏蔽31被操作为用于将线缆10内的绞合导体对22与其它线缆屏蔽。
浮动主屏蔽31还被操作为用于减少不同线缆之间的外部串扰量。在一些示例中，浮动主屏蔽31包括导电金属，诸如铜或铝。在其它示例中，浮动主屏蔽31可以由任何导电材料制成，诸如但不限于层压金属带、铝聚酰亚胺层压带(laminated tape)、铝双轴朝向聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(BoPET)层压带、传导股线、金属或碳/石墨纤维的编织物、由连续(例如，片)传导材料(例如，片)形成的管，等等。
如图2中所示的横截面图所示，浮动主屏蔽31包括传导层32，传导层32具有在其两侧(即，内和外)上层压的隔离器层36。内隔离器层和外隔离器层36由介电非传导材料制成，诸如聚酯或聚烯烃。传导层32被封装在两个隔离器层36之间，因此浮动主屏蔽31不能容易地被端接和接地(即，浮动屏蔽)。这个浮动主屏蔽31允许线缆10通过CAT 6A线缆的外部串扰要求，同时实现较小的直径。在某些示例中，传导层被嵌入在介电绝缘层内、被包含在介电绝缘层中、被介电绝缘层封装(encapsulated)、位于介电绝缘层之间、被封闭(enclosed)在介电绝缘层之间，或者完全被介电绝缘层封闭住。在某些示例中，浮动屏蔽31与护套30分离并且可相对于护套30移动。在某些示例中，外介电层36不集成在护套30的一部分中，不粘合到或结合为护套30的一部分。在其它示例中，外介电层36是与护套30分离的层，可选地可以被粘合到护套。在其它示例中，外介电层36不与护套粘合。
如本文所使用的，“浮动”屏蔽是不接地或者不旨在接地或以其它方式电连接到另一个元件或结构的屏蔽。
双绞线布线的其它方面也在PCT公开WO/2015/200486中公开，其通过引用并入本文。
虽然已经描述了本公开的具体实施例，但是许多其它修改和替代实施例也在本公开的范围内。例如，关于特定设备或部件描述的任何功能可以由另一个设备或部件执行。另外，虽然已经描述了具体的设备特点，但是本公开的实施例可以涉及各种其它设备特点。另外，虽然已经用特定于结构特征和/或方法动作的语言描述了实施例，但是应该理解的是，本公开不必限于所描述的具体特征或动作。相反，具体特征和动作是公开作为实现实施例的说明性形式。条件语言(除其它之外，诸如“能够”、“能”、“可能”或“可以”)除非另有明确说明，或者在所使用的上下文中以其它方式理解，一般旨在表达某些实施例可以包括而其它实施例可以不包括某些特征、元素和/或步骤。因此，这种条件语言一般不旨在暗示一个或多个实施例以任何方式需要特征、元素和/或步骤。
Claims (17)
1.一种线缆，包括：
布置在芯中的多根双绞线；
包围芯的浮动屏蔽，浮动屏蔽包括被封装在内介电层和外介电层之间的导电层；以及
包围浮动屏蔽的护套。
2.如权利要求1所述的线缆，其中浮动屏蔽的内介电层和外介电层包括非传导材料。
3.如权利要求1所述的线缆，其中浮动屏蔽被构造为减少不同线缆之间的外部串扰的量。
4.如权利要求1所述的线缆，其中内介电层和外介电层被层压到导电层。
5.如权利要求1所述的线缆，其中内介电层和外介电层包括不能被端接的聚酯或聚烯烃。
6.如权利要求1所述的线缆，其中浮动屏蔽的内介电层和外介电层包括层压带。
7.如权利要求1所述的线缆，还包括用于在芯内分隔所述多根双绞线的非传导分隔器。
8.一种线缆，包括：
多对导体，所述多对导体沿着纵向轴线在芯中延伸；
未端接的屏蔽，所述屏蔽包围芯中的所述多对导体，所述屏蔽包括传导层；以及
外护套，所述外护套包围未端接屏蔽并定义芯，所述外护套包括非传导材料。
9.如权利要求8所述的线缆，其中所述多对导体是绞合线对。
10.如权利要求8所述的线缆，其中未端接的屏蔽是浮动屏蔽，所述浮动屏蔽包括被包在内隔离器层和外隔离器层之间的传导层。
11.如权利要求8所述的线缆，其中未端接的屏蔽是浮动屏蔽。
12.如权利要求8所述的线缆，其中未端接的屏蔽包围所述芯。
13.如权利要求8所述的线缆，其中未端接的屏蔽相对于外护套是可移动的。
14.如权利要求8所述的线缆，其中未端接的屏蔽结合到外护套。
15.如权利要求8所述的线缆，其中所述多对导体被介电层围绕。
16.一种用于减少线缆之间的外部串扰的方法，所述方法包括用浮动屏蔽包围多根双绞线，以及在外护套内延伸浮动屏蔽。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，其中浮动屏蔽包括被绝缘层层压的传导层。
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| US201662408193P | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | |
| US62/408,193 | 2016-10-14 | ||
| PCT/US2017/056525 WO2018071774A1 (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2017-10-13 | A twisted pair cable with a floating shield |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109804440A true CN109804440A (zh) | 2019-05-24 |
Family
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| CN201780062652.XA Pending CN109804440A (zh) | 2016-10-14 | 2017-10-13 | 具有浮动屏蔽的双绞线线缆 |
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| US (1) | US20210375505A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP3526802A4 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN109804440A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2018071774A1 (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11152137B2 (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2021-10-19 | Panduit Corp. | Communications cable with triboelectric protection |
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- 2017-10-13 US US16/341,772 patent/US20210375505A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-10-13 EP EP17861013.5A patent/EP3526802A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-10-13 CN CN201780062652.XA patent/CN109804440A/zh active Pending
- 2017-10-13 WO PCT/US2017/056525 patent/WO2018071774A1/en unknown
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| CN1299512A (zh) * | 1998-05-01 | 2001-06-13 | 康姆斯科普公司 | 屏蔽式电缆及其制造方法 |
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| US20150371737A1 (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2015-12-24 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Twisted pair cable with shielding arrangement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018071774A1 (en) | 2018-04-19 |
| EP3526802A1 (en) | 2019-08-21 |
| US20210375505A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
| EP3526802A4 (en) | 2020-06-10 |
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