CN109546356A - Inverted L-shaped printed dipole antenna array apparatus based on mixing feeding network - Google Patents
Inverted L-shaped printed dipole antenna array apparatus based on mixing feeding network Download PDFInfo
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- CN109546356A CN109546356A CN201811418087.9A CN201811418087A CN109546356A CN 109546356 A CN109546356 A CN 109546356A CN 201811418087 A CN201811418087 A CN 201811418087A CN 109546356 A CN109546356 A CN 109546356A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology fields, specifically one kind can be used for aircraft remote-control romote-sensing, military mobile communication, the inverted L-shaped printed dipole antenna array apparatus based on mixing feeding network in the radio systems such as radar detection, it is characterized in that being equipped with horizontal printing vibrator radiator, mix feeding network, wherein horizontal printing vibrator radiator is arranged on horizontal printing vibrator radiator medium substrate, feeding network is mixed to be arranged on feed medium substrate, gap is equipped between horizontal printing vibrator radiator medium substrate and feed medium substrate, horizontal printing vibrator radiator medium substrate is connected with feed between medium substrate through metallic conduction cylinder, vertical component of the metallic conduction cylinder as oscillator, metallic conduction cylinder be connected to horizontal printing vibrator radiator with mix feeding network.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology field, specifically one kind can be used for aircraft remote-control romote-sensing, army
With the inverted L-shaped printed dipole antenna array dress based on mixing feeding network in the radio systems such as mobile communication, radar detection
It sets.
Background technique:
It now as the sensor device in radio communications system, plays irreplaceable role.In aircraft
As in the systems such as the radio system of carrier, such as radar, navigation, space communication, data-link, remote-control romote-sensing, it is desirable that antenna
Size it is as small as possible, antenna structure is simple as far as possible, and desin speed is fast.Printed antenna array is simple, at low cost etc. with structure
Advantage becomes one of the antenna form being most widely used at present.
For point-to-point communication, it is sometimes desirable to the control of beam direction, in order to the low elevation angle or the demand of omni-directional,
At this moment, mutiple antennas unit is needed to be arranged as aerial array according to certain mode.In array antenna, entire array is influenced
The number for mainly having antenna element, exhaust position, excitation amplitude and the phase of energy.The working principle of array antenna can be regarded as
It is the superposition of electromagnetic wave.Superposition is not only the superposition of electromagnetic wave amplitude, also related with the phase of electromagnetic wave, because of a electromagnetic wave
There is phase difference from each other when propagating.The phase of electromagnetic wave consists of three parts: initial phase, time phase, space
Phase.For array antenna, after transmitting antenna and given working frequency, the initial phase of electromagnetic wave is determined that, in electricity
When magnetic wave travels to certain region simultaneously, time phase is also determination, so only space phase can change.Space phase
Be not both as caused by each antenna element difference of position in an array because each unit radiation electromagnetic wave pass to it is same
The distance passed through when region is different, can generate wave path-difference.Just because of the difference of space phase, electromagnetic wave just will lead in phase
Cophase stacking when chance, antiphase weaken, and thus change the radio field structure of individual antenna.There are many geometry knots for antenna array
Structure, most popular planar array are rectangle battle arrays, and array element center is in a rectangular surfaces.
Feed is fed by the feeding network of antenna array to each unit in array, controls what each unit obtained
Amplitude and phase is motivated to obtain required antenna radiation characteristics.Therefore feeding network is particularly significant.For feeding network
Design requirement: the small, impedance matching of loss, small, to unit the influence of radiation of generation are small etc..The feeding network of micro-strip array antenna
Mainly there is the feeding network of series feed network, parallelly feeding network and mixed form at present.The design of parallelly feeding network
More directly, simple, wider frequency band can be obtained.However for the microstrip array more for array element number, total feedback
Line can be very long, and the loss of the electromagnetic wave as caused by feeder line will be very big, and space utilization does not have series feed good.Series feed tool
Have the advantages that occupied space is few, relatively simple, loss is small.But due to being cascade, once phase deviation occurs, phase is inclined
Difference will become very big with the accumulation of feeder line, and the micro-strip array antenna of series resonance feed is typically all narrow-band.
Li Wei, Qiu Jinghui, Suo Ying and Deng Weibo devise a kind of novel Ku frequency-channel omnidirectional antenna, and the antenna is by double-side radiation microstrip array
Composition, is fed by cascade, realizes omnidirectional's medium gain radiation characteristic, which can satisfy microwave telecommunication system and want
It asks.Feng Li and Japanese plum devise one kind with series feed mode and work in eight yuan of microstrip antenna arrays of 5.8GHz Sidelobe, the antenna
It is easy to make, there is dual-linear polarization, high-gain, narrow beam characteristic.
The development of modern communications proposes increasingly higher demands to the miniaturization of antenna, low profile.Antenna miniaturization
A kind of method is addition earth plate, using the mirror effect of metallic conductor,
The size of antenna can be made to reduce half.It is the another of antenna miniaturization and low Section Design using inverted L or inverted f structure
The effective method of kind greatly reduces antennas orthogonal member height since the top in antenna is bent.Inverted l antenna tool
There are low section, the geometrical property of small size, radiation field has vertically and horizontally two kinds of polarization again, therefore using very in engineering
Extensively.However existing antenna array means take up space greatly, are unfavorable for Project Realization.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention be directed to shortcoming and defect existing in the prior art, propose one kind be suitably applied aircraft remote control it is distant
In the electronic systems such as survey, wireless communication and radar, the inverted L-shaped based on mixing feeding network with important engineering application value
Printed dipole antenna array apparatus.
The present invention can be achieved by the following measures:
A kind of inverted L-shaped printed dipole antenna array apparatus based on mixing feeding network, it is characterised in that be equipped with horizontal print
Brush Vibrating radiator, mixing feeding network, wherein horizontal printing vibrator radiator is arranged in horizontal printing vibrator radiator medium
On substrate, mixing feeding network is arranged on feed medium substrate, and horizontal printing vibrator radiator medium substrate and feed are used
Gap is equipped between medium substrate, through metallic conduction between horizontal printing vibrator radiator medium substrate and feed medium substrate
Cylinder is connected, and vertical component of the metallic conduction cylinder as oscillator, metallic conduction cylinder is connected to horizontal printing vibrator radiator
With mix feeding network.
The input terminal of heretofore described mixing feeding network is equipped with the microstrip line being connected with signal input connector, microstrip line
Output end through 1*2 power divider, the signal that microstrip line inputs is divided into two-way, is denoted as left branch input signal respectively
With right branch input signal, the output port all the way of power divider connects left branch, and the connection of another output port is right
Collateral road is equipped with the level-one branch that at least two-way is one another in series, the output letter of every road level-one branch in left branch/right branch
Number it is again split into two-way through second level 1*2 power divider, is denoted as second level branch, the output signal of every road second level branch is through three-level 1*
2 power dividers are again split into two-way, are denoted as three-level branch, and three-level branch completes the submitting of signal；The left branch and the right side
Collateral road can be symmetrical arranged.
The input signal that more than two level-one branches in feeding network are mixed in the present invention should ensure that same phase, in order to keep away
The input signal for exempting from multichannel level-one branch shifts because phase occurs for spacing, can be in the input terminal of level-one branch series connection semicircle
Length (two i.e. adjacent level-ones of signal transmssion line after the feed adjustment section of semi-annular shape are added in cricoid feed adjustment section
The distance between branch input node) L should meet: L+ π R-2R=λg, wherein L is the length for feeding adjustment section, and R is semicircle
The radius of ring, λgFor input wavelength.
The present invention effectively reduces feed electricity using the printing inverted l antenna array of series connection and mixing feeding network in parallel
The size on road；Relative to existing series feed network, reduce the design difficulty of feed circuit；Inverted L antenna unit is using print
Brush oscillator as its horizontal component structure, realize by integration processing, is conducive to Project Realization；In array of radiators and feeding network
Between load the air gap, for adjusting impedance bandwidth and antenna pattern characteristic, there is structurally reasonable, reliable operation, be conducive to
The significant advantage such as production application.
Detailed description of the invention:
Attached drawing 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Attached drawing 2 is existing parallelly feeding schematic network structure.
Attached drawing 3 is existing series network structural schematic diagram.
Attached drawing 4 is mixing feed network structures schematic diagram in the present invention.
Attached drawing 5 is the basic structure schematic diagram of ILA antenna.
Attached drawing 6 is return loss simulation result of the invention in embodiment.
Attached drawing 7 is using the printing inverted l antenna of mixing feeding network in f1When radiation characteristic simulation result, wherein 7 (a) are
Three-dimensional gain pattern, 7 (b) be three-dimensional shaft than directional diagram, and 7 (c) be the gain pattern in the face xoz, and 7 (d) be the axis ratio in the face xoz
Directional diagram, 7 (e) be the gain pattern in the face yoz, and 7 (f) be that the axis in the face yoz compares directional diagram.
Attached drawing 8 is using the printing inverted l antenna of mixing feeding network in the embodiment of the present invention in f0When radiation characteristic it is imitative
It is true that 8 (b) be three-dimensional shaft than directional diagram, and 8 (c) be the gain pattern in the face xoz as a result, 8 (a) be wherein three-dimensional gain pattern,
8 (d) be the axis in the face xoz than directional diagram, and 8 (e) be the gain pattern in the face yoz, and 8 (f) be that the axis in the face yoz compares directional diagram.
Attached drawing 9 is using the printing inverted l antenna of mixing feeding network in the embodiment of the present invention in f2When radiation characteristic it is imitative
It is true that 9 (b) be three-dimensional shaft than directional diagram, and 9 (c) be the gain pattern in the face xoz as a result, 9 (a) be wherein three-dimensional gain pattern,
9 (d) be the axis in the face xoz than directional diagram, and 9 (e) be the gain pattern in the face yoz, and 9 (f) be that the axis in the face yoz compares directional diagram.
Appended drawing reference: horizontal printing vibrator radiator 1, the medium substrate 2 of horizontal printing vibrator radiator, mixing transmission network
The medium substrate 3 of network, microstrip line 4, level-one branch 5, second level branch 6, three-level branch 7, current feed phase adjustment section 8.
Specific embodiment:
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention proposes a kind of printing inverted l antenna array system device using series connection and hybrid network in parallel, the days
Linear array is by connecting and the mixing feeding network of mixing in parallel, the vertical metallic conduction cylinder for connecting upper and lower medium substrate, level
Printing vibrator array of radiators composition, wherein single layer is respectively adopted in mixing feeding network and horizontal 1 array of printing vibrator radiator
Microwave printed circuit board is made, using vertical connection metallic conduction cylinder interconnection between two layers of microwave printed circuit board, often
One vertical metallic conduction cylinder and corresponding microband printing vibrator constitute an inverted L-shaped oscillator unit radiator, such as attached drawing 1
It is shown.The printing inverted l antenna array system model with series connection and hybrid network in parallel that the present invention designs is as shown in Figure 1.
The mixing feeding network of series connection and mixing in parallel is made of one layer of microwave printed circuit board, and feed port is located at electricity
The edge of road plate belongs to side feedback mode, and for radiator elements, feeding network provides signal for each inverted L-shaped oscillator
Excitation, therefore, the series connection and mixing feeding network in parallel that the present invention designs are one and singly enter the multiport network having more, parallel connection feedback
The effect of electric network is to be allocated with multiple power dividers to input power；Controlled by distributing array element current amplitude and
Phase；Power divider has the multiplex forms such as two-way, three roads and multichannel, can also be divided into the form of equal part and non-equal part.It is in parallel
Feed network structures as shown in Fig. 2, series feed network there are mainly two types of form, as shown in Figure 3；Feeding network in Fig. 3 (a)
It is similar to cascade form, the feeding network in Fig. 3 (b) is then that each microband paste unit is connected by microstrip feed line with main feeder
The form connect.In Fig. 3 (a) in series feed structure, the width of feeder line will be chosen suitably, can not be excessive, otherwise can deteriorate day
Linear energy.For the series feed mode in Fig. 3 (b), each divide the end of feeder line since radiating element is located at, impedance matching
It designs relatively simple.In the present invention, in order to obtain preferable antenna performance and reduce the size of aerial array, using series-parallel
The mode combined is fed, and the feeding network of the series-parallel mixed form of design is as shown in Figure 4；Heretofore described mixing
The input terminal of feeding network is equipped with the microstrip line 4 being connected with signal input connector, and the output end of microstrip line 4 is through 1*2 power distribution
The signal that microstrip line 4 inputs is divided into two-way, is denoted as left branch input signal and right branch input signal respectively by device,
The output port all the way of power divider connects left branch, and another output port connects right branch, left branch/right side
The level-one branch 5 that at least two-way is one another in series is equipped in branch, the output signal of every road level-one branch 5 is through second level 1*2 power point
Orchestration is again split into two-way, is denoted as second level branch 6, the output signal of every road second level branch 6 through three-level 1*2 power divider again
It is divided into two-way, is denoted as three-level branch 7, three-level branch 7 completes the submitting of signal；Wherein, in order to guarantee the same of each radiating element
One phase relation introduces current feed phase adjustment section 8, it is to realize phase adjustment by the length of transmission line of semicircular ring.
It is a kind of effective side of antenna miniaturization and low Section Design using inverted L or inverted f structure for monopole antenna
Method greatly reduces antennas orthogonal member height since the top in antenna is bent.One of the inverted L antenna of low profile
Important feature is that the field that it is generated is polarized with vertically and horizontally two kinds.However the horizontal length of inverted L antenna is not short.
ILA is to be made of a short monopole as vertical member and a horizontal member connect in monopole end, as shown in Figure 5.In general,
The height of vertical member is much smaller than wavelength, is that electricity is small.Typical inverted l antenna height only has 0.01 wavelength, and its horizontal component is long
Degree is then long, usually in 1/4 wavelength.ILA antenna is substantially low profile antenna, is considered as a short monopole antenna length
Top line is loaded.Due to the presence on top, reduces the input reactance of antenna, improve the matching performance of antenna.The present invention adopts
Use metallic conduction cylinder as the vertical component of oscillator, horizontal component is realized using printing electric tachometer indicator, the printing electricity of entire array
Oscillator is processed on same microwave-medium substrate, and the circuit board where feeding network and radiator oscillator is placed in parallel, the two
Between using metallic conduction cylinder interconnect, entire antenna, which is adopted, to be screwed.Using full-wave electromagnetic emulation technology to printing inverted L-shaped
Aerial array is emulated and is optimized, and the dimensional parameters of antenna are finally determined according to impedance and directional diagram index.
Embodiment:
The present invention devises a specific printing inverted l antenna array apparatus using series connection and hybrid network in parallel, adopts
Performance simulation is carried out to the aerial array with full-wave electromagnetic simulation software, the simulation experiment result demonstrates proposed by the invention
The feasibility and validity of the printing inverted l antenna array apparatus of series connection and hybrid network in parallel.
What the present invention designed is such as schemed using the return loss characteristic of series connection and the printing inverted l antenna array of hybrid network in parallel
Shown in 6, as seen from the figure, the return loss of the antenna is in central task frequency point f0Upper satisfaction is expected to be required, return loss about-
10dB。
In order to characterize the radiation characteristic of the antenna, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are given at f respectively1、f0And f2When antenna radiation
The simulation result of gain pattern and axis than directional diagram, wherein f1And f2For side frequency component.In working frequency points, the use of design
The radiation gain for mixing the printing inverted l antenna array of feeding network is about that 17dB main radiation direction axis ratio is greater than 20dB, is had close
Liny polarization characteristic.
In conclusion the invention proposes a kind of printing inverted l antenna array systems using series connection and hybrid network in parallel
Device；Series connection and the parallel connection mixing feeding network for devising planographic structure, are realized using printed circuit, are passed using semicircular ring
Defeated cable architecture realizes the same-phase requirement of output port, and the feed network structures are simple, compact-sized, it is easy to accomplish amplitude and phase
Position control；Radiator using printing vibrator as antenna, entire array of radiators are made of same printed circuit, structure
Simply, precision is high；Metallic conduction is used between the printed circuit board where printed circuit and feeding network where horizontal dipole
Cylinder interconnection, has the air gap, improves the bandwidth of aerial array.What is proposed in the present invention uses series connection and hybrid network in parallel
Printing inverted l antenna array have the advantages that structure is simple, feeds convenient, low in cost, broader bandwidth, antenna adaptation is strong,
It is suitable for engineer application.The present invention is suitable for the radio systems such as aircraft remote-control romote-sensing, military mobile communication, radar detection
In.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of inverted L-shaped printed dipole antenna array apparatus based on mixing feeding network, it is characterised in that be equipped with horizontal printing
Vibrating radiator, mixing feeding network, wherein horizontal printing vibrator radiator is arranged in horizontal printing vibrator radiator medium base
On plate, mixing feeding network is arranged on feed medium substrate, and horizontal printing vibrator radiator medium substrate and feed are used and be situated between
Gap is equipped between matter substrate, through metallic conduction circle between horizontal printing vibrator radiator medium substrate and feed medium substrate
Column be connected, vertical component of the metallic conduction cylinder as oscillator, metallic conduction cylinder be connected to horizontal printing vibrator radiator and
Mix feeding network.
2. a kind of inverted L-shaped printed dipole antenna array apparatus based on mixing feeding network according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the input terminal of the mixing feeding network is equipped with the microstrip line being connected with signal input connector, the output end warp of microstrip line
The signal that microstrip line inputs is divided into two-way, is denoted as left branch input signal and right branch respectively by 1*2 power divider
Input signal, the output port all the way of power divider connect left branch, and another output port connects right branch, left side
The level-one branch that at least two-way is one another in series is equipped in branch/right branch, the output signal of every road level-one branch is through second level 1*2
Power divider is again split into two-way, is denoted as second level branch, the output signal of every road second level branch is through three-level 1*2 power divider
It is again split into two-way, is denoted as three-level branch, three-level branch completes the submitting of signal.
3. a kind of inverted L-shaped printed dipole antenna array apparatus based on mixing feeding network according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the input signal for mixing more than two level-one branches in feeding network should ensure that same phase, in order to avoid multichannel level-one
The input signal of branch shifts because phase occurs for spacing, in the feed adjustment of the input terminal series connection semi-annular shape of level-one branch
Section, the length L that signal transmssion line after the feed adjustment section of semi-annular shape is added should meet: L+ π R-2R=λg, wherein L is feedback
The length of electric adjustment section, R are the radius of semicircular ring, λgFor input wavelength.
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| CN201811418087.9A CN109546356B (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2018-11-26 | Inverted L-shaped printed oscillator antenna array device based on hybrid feed network |
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| CN201811418087.9A CN109546356B (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2018-11-26 | Inverted L-shaped printed oscillator antenna array device based on hybrid feed network |
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| CN109546356B CN109546356B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN112003027A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-27 | 南京国睿防务系统有限公司 | SSR general four-unit forming column feeder |
| RU2738758C1 (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-12-16 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственная фирма "Микран" | Hybrid antenna array power supply system |
| CN112151963A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-29 | 大富科技(安徽)股份有限公司 | Base station antenna without isolation strip |
| WO2022227361A1 (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-11-03 | 深圳迈睿智能科技有限公司 | Half-wave back-folding directional microwave detection antenna |
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Cited By (4)
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| RU2738758C1 (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-12-16 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственная фирма "Микран" | Hybrid antenna array power supply system |
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| WO2022227361A1 (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-11-03 | 深圳迈睿智能科技有限公司 | Half-wave back-folding directional microwave detection antenna |
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