CN109496804A - A kind of Negative pressure irrigation system and its irrigation method - Google Patents
A kind of Negative pressure irrigation system and its irrigation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109496804A CN109496804A CN201811530066.6A CN201811530066A CN109496804A CN 109496804 A CN109496804 A CN 109496804A CN 201811530066 A CN201811530066 A CN 201811530066A CN 109496804 A CN109496804 A CN 109496804A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system and its irrigation methods, liquid level is set to water tank with water to initial by water replanishing device, the air in gas tank is set to form pressure difference by vacuum pump, Electromagnetic Control water valve Controlled irrigation device water supply start, pass through the negative pressure value in baroceptor real-time monitoring Negative pressure irrigation device, pressure value in Electromagnetic Control air valve and vacuum pump control gas tank, maintains pressure value in reasonable variation range.Liquid-level floater switch monitors water tank level is set, and when water level decreasing to triggering liquid-level floater switch, starting water replanishing device is filled to liquid level initially set into water tank, makes water level, air pressure within the set range.The present invention can calculate irrigation quantity by the circle number that peristaltic pump rotates, pressure value inside and outside baroceptor real-time recording device, and in the range of so that the negative pressure value of depression generator is maintained setting by the control of vacuum pump and Electromagnetic Control air valve, irrigation control precision and the degree of automation are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Negative pressure irrigation technologies, and in particular to a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system and its irrigation method.
Background technique
In the dry early semiarid zone agricultural production in the north, the small water source such as all kinds of water cellars, pond, dyke is often built, due to
The water level at this kind of water source is often below crop-planting face, when with traditional water-saving irrigation technique, also to solve small-sized or miniature
Water lift pressurized equipment problem, this undoubtedly increases the cost investment of irrigation system；In addition, being moved in outlying economically less developed region
The scarcity of the power energy also constrains existing water-saving irrigation technique and promotes and applies.Then, propose that a kind of novel negative pressure is fed automatically
Irrigation system, so that the agricultural water problem in these areas can be better solved.The basic principle is that water always from the high flow of water from
It is dynamic to flow to this natural characteristic of the low flow of water, it is equipped with certain apparatus and is automatically replenished the water consumed in rhizosphere soil by crop
Point.
Object in nature all has energy, moreover, universal trend is spontaneously from the high state of energy to energy
Low state motion or conversion, is finally reached the state of energy balance.Classical physics think, energy possessed by any object by
Kinetic energy and potential energy composition.Since migration of the moisture in soil aperture is very slow, kinetic energy is generally negligible.Therefore Tu Shui
Gesture --- potential energy possessed by soil moisture, it is upper particularly important with regard to what is become in the energy state and movement for determining soil moisture.
According to the explanation of soil water potential Thermodynamic Basis, total soil water potential expansion possessed by the soil water is five at certain point in soil
The sum of a soil moisture gesture:
Ψ=Ψg+Ψp+Ψm+Ψs+ΨT (1)
When analyzing field soil moisture movement, usual solute potential and temperature potential are not paid attention to.If using Unit Weight
The flow of water possessed by soil moisture indicates, the head of the flow of water, that is, usually said.
For Unsaturated water in soil, due to ground pressure gesture Ψp=0, therefore, total soil water potential Ψ is by matric potential ΨmAgain
Power gesture ΨgComposition, i.e. total soil water potential of Unit Weight:
Ψ=Ψm+Ψg=Ψm+z (2)
Equally, if being indicated with head, the gross head in above formula is by suction head h=ΨmIt is formed with level head.
For the energy foundation of theory analysis Negative pressure irrigation system operation, irrigation system as shown in Figure 1 is established.As can be seen that
Entire irrigation system includes the water-supply-pipe 2 of both douche 4, water source 1 and connection.Elevation of the H between water source and douche
Difference.It is origin with douche 4 in irrigation system shown in Fig. 1, establishes coordinate system as shown in the figure, be positive in Z axis orientation, H < 0
When, i.e., water source is lower than douche, and referred to as " negative pressure " is irrigated.
Energy spectrometer is carried out to entire irrigation system now.In douche, water is saturation state, disregard atmospheric pressure,
In the case where solute potential and temperature potential, as formula 1 it is found that total flow of water possessed by the water of Unit Weight is by matric potential in douche
ΨmWith gravitational potential ΨgComposition, i.e., by pressure head h=ΨmIt is formed with level head z, taking douche is reference planes, then position
Head z is zero, therefore, total flow of water possessed by Unit Weight water in douche are as follows:
Outside douche, the soil water is unsaturated state, then total soil water potential possessed by the Unit Weight water as known to formula 2
ΨoutBy matric potential ΨmWith gravitational potential ΨgComposition, taking douche is reference planes, then level head z is also zero, therefore, is poured water
Total soil water potential possessed by the device other unit weight soil water are as follows:
Ψout=Ψm+Ψg=Ψmo+ z=Ψmo
ΨmoFor the matric potential of the external synapsis soil water of douche.
According to Darcy's law, unique principle that water flowing follows refers to is migrated from total flow of water eminence to total flow of water lower, because
This will make water from water source by flowing into outside douche in soil in douche, and total flow of water necessarily is greater than outside douche in douche
Total flow of water, i.e., total flow of water must satisfy following primary condition inside and outside douche:
Ψin>ΨoutThat is H > Ψmo
As H < 0, irrigation need to carry out under negative pressure, and water source position is lower than douche position.Clearly for saturated soil,
Irrigation be it is irrealizable, certain saturated soil be typically also do not need irrigate.For unsaturated soil, soil matrix gesture
For negative value, whether Negative pressure irrigation is feasible, need to see whether flow of water H is greater than the external synapsis flow of water Ψ of douche in douchemo.Douche
Interior flow of water H is limited by the vacuum suction head of water column, and theoretical minimum value is about -10.33m, the i.e. value range-of H
10.33m~0m, actually due to sealing complete problem, the value range of H is smaller.Under normal conditions, it is irrigated
Soil, for moisture content generally between wilting coefficient and field capacity, corresponding soil water matrix potential range is about 0.15bar
~0.33bar, is indicated with water column, about -150m~-3.3m.Although can be seen that water in douche from the value range of the two
Gesture is H negative value, but when soil moisture content lower (needing to irrigate), the outer soil water matrix potential Ψ of douchemoIt is relatively low, pass through tune
Whole water source height changes the depth displacement H between douche and water source, i.e. flow of water H in adjustment douche, can always make douche
Interior total flow of water H is greater than total soil water potential Ψ outside douchemo, irrigation is achieved.At this point, the working-pressure head at douche is negative
Value.This is with regard to why irrigation method in this case is referred to as the basic cause of Negative pressure irrigation.Poor (the H- of the flow of water inside and outside douche
Ψmo) it is that moisture in negative pressure irrigation system is entered unique driving force of soil by water source through douche.
In conclusion analyzing from energy point of view, suction function head H is in a certain range, that is to say, that water source elevation
It is lower than douche elevation, but it is no more than a certain range, Negative pressure irrigation is feasible.
Thus the present invention proposes a kind of constant negative pressure irrigation rig for being widely used in field irrigation, passes through peristaltic pump and electricity
Magnet valve maintains the constant of irrigating head, to achieve the purpose that lasting water supply and improve with water use efficiency.
The research in relation to Negative pressure irrigation both at home and abroad is less at present.Existing Negative pressure irrigation experimental rig has two classes, Yi Leishi
Negative pressure irrigation is formed by the height difference between control Markov bottle liquid level and douche, another kind of is by U-tube and negative pressure
Regulating device forms negative pressure, the disadvantage is that irrigation quantity and negative pressure value can not be monitored accurately in real time.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Negative pressure irrigations
System, another purpose are to provide a kind of constant negative pressure irrigation method based on the system.
Technical solution: a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system, including irrigation rig, outlet pipe, Electromagnetic Control water valve, exhaust pipe, gas
Close property valve, water tank, gas tank, liquid-level floater switch, baroceptor, depression generator, Electromagnetic Control air valve, partition, gas
Body channel, water replanishing device, water inlet pipe, water supply tank and single-chip microcontroller, the water tank and gas tank by partition be isolated, and on partition there are
Gas passage, the water tank are connected by water inlet pipe and water replanishing device with irrigation device watertight by outlet pipe, the gas tank and
Depression generator and Electromagnetic Control air valve air tight communication, the interior liquid-level floater that is equipped with of the water tank are switched, are equipped in the gas tank
Baroceptor, the Electromagnetic Control water valve, liquid-level floater switch, depression generator, Electromagnetic Control air valve, air pressure sensing
Device, water replanishing device are connect with single-chip microcontroller.
Further, the irrigation device connects outlet pipe and exhaust pipe, has air-tightness valve on the exhaust pipe, described
Arrange that ball valve switch, the ball valve switch are the switch of Controlled irrigation device on outlet pipe.
Preferably, Electromagnetic Control water valve is arranged on the outlet pipe, and is connect with single-chip microcontroller, when device initial level and is born
Pressure value or when continuing working middle negative pressure value under preset state, solenoid electric valve is opened in starting, guarantees device always in predetermined work
Make to run under environment；
Preferably, the irrigation device is permeable air-locked clay douche or fiber douche；
Preferably, the water replanishing device is peristaltic pump, provides power by stepper motor, alternating current generator, direct current generator, and
Peristaltic pump is connected to water supply tank and Negative pressure irrigation device by water inlet pipe；
Preferably, the nozzle of the water inlet pipe is arranged in water tank bottom；
Preferably, the depression generator is vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is connected by aspirating hole with gas tank air-tightness；
Preferably, the float switch is arranged on predetermined level, is highly set according to the size of float switch；
Preferably, it is separated among the water tank and gas tank with partition, partition top is equipped with zigzag gas passage.
A kind of constant negative pressure irrigation method is broadly divided into initial phase and maintains the operation phase.Device pressure is set first
Power difference range and termination condition, single-chip microcontroller read liquid-level floater switch state.When open state, peristaltic pump moisturizing records simultaneously
Wriggling pump operation step number；When closed state, peristaltic pump is out of service, and whether pressure sensor monitoring pressure value simultaneously judges pressure difference
Reach preset range, not up to, vacuum pump extracts air, reaches, then Electromagnetic Control water valve is opened, and douche is poured water, and system is opened
Begin persistently to supply water.Negative pressure value inside and outside baroceptor real-time monitoring Negative pressure irrigation device, when pressure value be higher than preset range, open
Dynamic Electromagnetic Control air valve is deflated, and pre-set pressure range, starting vacuum pump pumping, until pressure value reaches initial preset pressure are lower than
Value；Water tank level is monitored by liquid float switch, when water level decreasing to predetermined water level, starts water replanishing device, into water tank
It is filled to liquid level initially set, wriggling pump operation step number is recorded, and judge whether peristaltic pump reaches predetermined running step number, if not
Reach, then continues to monitor pressure value, water position status；If reaching default step number, single-chip microcontroller issues instruction, closes Electromagnetic Control water
Valve stops pouring water.
Further, the irrigation quantity of irrigation device is rotated according to peristaltic pump circle number calculates, and is reacted by peristaltic pump
Duty；Baroceptor real-time monitoring, the pressure value of recording device, and and make to fill by vacuum pump, Electromagnetic Control air valve
Negative pressure value is set to maintain in the constant range of setting.
It is somebody's turn to do the utility model has the advantages that a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system provided by the invention can be realized by negative pressure adjusting device from monitoring
The negative pressure value of device, and realize automatic adjustment and control, it is more preferable compared to existing apparatus irrigation effect；Filling provided by the present invention
The method of irrigating solves the problems, such as the real time monitoring deficiency irrigated, and improves irrigation effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Negative pressure irrigation schematic illustration；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the permanent Negative pressure irrigation device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of the permanent Negative pressure irrigation method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific implementation case
The present invention is described in further detail.
Object in nature all has energy, moreover, universal trend is spontaneously from the high state of energy to energy
Low state motion or conversion, is finally reached the state of energy balance.Make water from water source by flowing into douche in douche
In outer soil, total flow of water necessarily is greater than total flow of water outside douche in douche, poor (mono- Ψ of H of the flow of water inside and outside douchemo) be negative
Moisture in pressure irrigation system is entered unique driving force of soil by water source through douche.
At Negative pressure irrigation initial stage, soil moisture content is lower, soil water matrix potential also just it is lower, flux is larger, i.e., unit when
Between unit soil is entered by douche water it is larger.With the continuous progress of Negative pressure irrigation, the moisture content of soil constantly increases,
Soil water matrix potential also increases, and flux will accordingly become smaller, and until douche contact position, soil water matrix potential is not further added by, the soil water
Matric potential is equal with the negative pressure working head of douche, flux zero, and irrigating will stop.At this point, soil moisture content is the negative pressure
Under acting head H (depth displacement), the attainable maximum moisture content of soil.With crop water consumption (including Crop transpirstion effect and
The evaporation of soil surface), soil moisture content will reduce, and soil matrix gesture will also decrease, and be lower than suction function head
When, Negative pressure irrigation will continue again, make material consumption how much water, and soil will be using soil water matrix potential (suction) by Negative pressure irrigation system
System absorbs identical water from water source.Negative pressure irrigation carry out rate it is suitable with crop water consumption rate, crop water can obtain with
When automatically feed.This shows that Negative pressure irrigation system has the function of self regulating and control, it can be according to the height of soil moisture content, automatically
Adjusting is poured water rate and irrigation quantity, this situation low when changing high when other irrigation system soil moisture contents makes soil water-containing
Rate kept in balance trend.Moreover, can contain by adjusting depth displacement H to adjust to stablize near soil douche under Negative pressure irrigation
Water rate makes moisture content be maintained at the range of suitable for crop growth.
Thus the present invention proposes a kind of constant negative pressure irrigation rig for being widely used in field irrigation, passes through peristaltic pump and electricity
Magnet valve maintains the constant of irrigating head, to achieve the purpose that lasting water supply and improve with water use efficiency, realize that readjust-loss control fills.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Negative pressure irrigation schematic illustration as shown in Fig. 1, water source 1 reach douche 4 by water-supply-pipe 2, pour water
Device 4 is arranged in soil profile 3, and the inside of soil is arranged in.
Negative pressure irrigation device provided by the invention include water tank 21, gas tank 22, depression generator 25, irrigation device 11,
Water replanishing device 31 and single-chip microcontroller 51, water tank 21 and gas tank 22 are closed container, and 21 liquid level of water tank is equipped with according to specific needs,
Gas tank 22 is negative, and pressure is raw and regulation place.As needed, depression generator 25 is vacuum pump, and vacuum pump is by being located at gas tank
Aspirating hole on 22 extracts air, and 22 pressure value of gas tank is made to reach preset value；Water tank 21 is separated among gas tank 22 with partition 27,
Play the role of completely cutting off liquid and gas tank 22, the lateral non-deformability that place occurs for negative pressure can also be increased；It adopts on 27 top of partition
With zigzag, it is used as gas passage 28, with the pressure value of more than 21 liquid level of balanced reservoir two chambers；Atmospheric pressure outside gas tank 22 exists
It can change on time, therefore be respectively provided with baroceptor 24 inside and outside device or gas tank 22, the negative pressure value in device is according to dress
Outer atmospheric pressure fluctuations are set to be adjusted in real time；The actual pressure value of gas tank 22 is influenced by factors such as temperature, gas volumes, difficult
To maintain a certain steady state value, therefore actual pressure value upper and lower wave in the actual needs of preset pressure value or zone of reasonableness should be allowed
It is dynamic.
Before taking out negative pressure, suitable irrigation water, when Irrigation water, water are injected to water tank 21 according to the water demand of crop
Water level decreasing in case 21 causes 22 pressure value of gas tank to reduce, therefore requires gas volume and volume ratio shared by water as big as possible, makes
Air pressure change caused by unit amount of infiltrating water is in allowable range of error；Water tank 21 passes through pipeline and water replanishing device 31 and dress of pouring water
It sets 11 watertights to be connected, gas tank 22 is by pipeline and depression generator 25 and Electromagnetic Control air valve 26 is airtight is connected；In gas tank 22
It is externally provided with baroceptor 24, is equipped with liquid-level floater switch 23, irrigation device 11, Electromagnetic Control water valve 13, liquid level in water tank 21
Float switch 23, depression generator 25, Electromagnetic Control air valve 26, baroceptor 24, water replanishing device 31 with single-chip microcontroller 51
Connection；Depression generator is vacuum pump.
In the present invention, irrigation device 11 is permeable air-locked clay douche or fiber douche, is filled with negative pressure
It sets 25 to be connected by outlet pipe 12, Electromagnetic Control water valve 13 is arranged on outlet pipe 12, so as to the switch of Controlled irrigation device 11, fill
Exhaust pipe 14 is set on hydrophone, there is air-tightness valve 15 on exhaust pipe 14.
In the present invention, water replanishing device 31 is peristaltic pump, installs liquid-level floater switch 23 in water tank 21, is arranged in predetermined level
On, to detect the variation of 21 liquid level water level of water tank, mounting height is specifically set according to the size of liquid-level floater switch 23, works as water
21 liquid level of case drops to preset water level, and floating ball leaves contact, starts peristaltic pump, supplies water to water tank 21；Gas tank 22 is inside and outside to install gas
Pressure sensor 24, the negative pressure value of the real-time monitoring device, after pressure value is higher by scheduled pressure value reasonable fluctuation range, starting
Electromagnetic Control air valve 26 is inflated into gas tank 22, after pressure value fluctuation range reasonable lower than scheduled pressure value, starts vacuum
Pump 25, is evacuated out of gas tank 22, pressure value is made to reach initial preset pressure value；The preset water level of 21 liquid level of water tank decline, according to
Preset pressure mobility scale determines, according to perfect gas law, can calculate under the water level that the reasonable mobility scale of pressure allows
Depreciation can start peristaltic pump when water level decreasing to the predetermined water level, and liquid level initially set is filled into water tank 21；
Peristaltic pump is connect by water inlet pipe 32 with water supply tank 41, during peristaltic pump is filled the water to water tank 21, pressure value in gas tank 22
Increase, after mobility scale reasonable beyond pressure value, start Electromagnetic Control air valve 26, adjusts pressure value to initial setting pressure
Value；Water inlet pipe 32 should be arranged in 21 bottom of water tank, trigger to avoid because the water being filled with when water pump operation causes water-level fluctuation
Liquid-level floater switch 23.
When peristaltic pump selects stepper motor driving, due to the water and stepper motor of the peristaltic pump pumping that stepper motor drives
The step number of rotation is positively correlated, and 11 irrigation quantity of irrigation device can be calculated according to the step number that peristaltic pump rotates；Peristaltic pump selection exchange,
When direct current generator drives, due to the water and powers duration positive of motor-driven peristaltic pump pumpings these two types of under constant power
It closes, 11 irrigation quantity of irrigation device can be calculated according to peristaltic pump powers duration.
Baroceptor 24 pressure value inside and outside real-time recording device and can adjust inside device according to the variation of draught head
Air pressure, remain at the outer draught head of air pressure and device in device in the range of setting.
It include the use of electronic device, including Electromagnetic Control water valve 13, Electromagnetic Control in the system of offer of the present invention
Air valve 26, baroceptor 24, water replanishing device 31, liquid-level floater switch 23 and single-chip microcontroller 51, single-chip microcontroller 51 and its necessary group
At being this field routine techniques according to this programme, this will not be repeated here.
As shown in figure 3, the invention discloses a kind of constant negative pressure irrigation method, which includes:
(1) device differential pressure range and termination condition be set, and in the present embodiment, the peristaltic pump that setting stepper motor drives turns
Dynamic total step number reaches setting value to terminate service condition.
(2) single-chip microcontroller 51 reads 23 switch state of liquid-level floater.When open state, 31 moisturizing of peristaltic pump, while recording compacted
Dynamic 31 operation step number of pump；When closed state, peristaltic pump 31 is out of service, and pressure sensor 24 monitors pressure value and judges pressure difference
Whether preset range is reached, and not up to, vacuum pump 25 extracts air, reaches, then Electromagnetic Control water valve 13 is opened, and douche 11 fills
Water, system start to continue water supply.
(3) negative pressure value inside and outside 24 real-time monitoring Negative pressure irrigation device of baroceptor, when pressure value be higher than preset range,
Start Electromagnetic Control air valve 26 to deflate, be lower than pre-set pressure range, starting vacuum pump 25 is evacuated, until pressure value reaches initial pre-
If pressure value；21 liquid level of water tank is monitored by liquid float switch 23, when water level decreasing to predetermined water level, starts water replanishing device
31, it is filled to liquid level initially set into water tank 21, records wriggling pump operation step number, and judge whether peristaltic pump reaches predetermined
Step number is run, if reaching, then continues to monitor pressure value, water position status；If reaching default step number, device stopping is poured water.
Embodiment 2
The implementation steps of the invention is as follows:
(1) water tank 21, gas tank 22, depression generator 25, irrigation device 11, negative pressure adjusting device, water replanishing device are set
31 and single-chip microcontroller 51, there are gas passage 28, water tank 21 passes through pipeline and water replanishing device 31 and dress of pouring water for water tank 21 and gas tank 22
It sets 11 watertights to be connected, gas tank 22 is by pipeline and depression generator 25 and Electromagnetic Control air valve 26 is airtight is connected, in water tank 21
Equipped with liquid-level floater switch 23, baroceptor 24, irrigation device 11, Electromagnetic Control water valve 13, liquid level are externally provided in gas tank 22
Float switch 23, depression generator 25, Electromagnetic Control air valve 26, baroceptor 24, water replanishing device 31 with single-chip microcontroller 51
Connection.
(2) it is filled the water into water tank 21, monitors whether pressure value reaches with vacuum pump depletion gas, while with baroceptor 24
Preset value, until pressure reaches initial negative pressure value in gas tank 22.
In this step, before taking out negative pressure, suitable irrigation water is injected to water tank 21 according to the water demand of crop, works as irrigation water
When infiltrating, water level decreasing in water tank 21 causes 22 pressure value of gas tank to reduce, therefore requires volume ratio shared by gas volume and water most
May be big, make air pressure change caused by unit amount of infiltrating water in allowable range of error.
Since real atmosphere pressure changes over time, the negative pressure value in device is the difference of real atmosphere pressure and atmospheric pressure value in device
Value, therefore air pressure in device must be adjusted when real atmosphere buckling, it is therefore, outer in the device to be all provided with pressure sensor 24, it supervises in real time
It surveys atmospheric pressure value and device external and internal pressure difference is adjusted by vacuum pump 25 and Electromagnetic Control air valve 26.
Since the actual pressure value of gas tank 22 is influenced by factors such as temperature, gas volumes, it is difficult to maintain a certain constant
Value, therefore actual pressure value fluctuation up and down in some zone of reasonableness of preset pressure value should be allowed.
(3) outlet pipe Electromagnetic Control water valve is opened；
(4) system brings into operation, and irrigation device 11 persistently supplies water；
(5) negative pressure value inside and outside 24 real-time monitoring device of baroceptor, when pressure value is higher than preset range, starting electromagnetism control
Air valve 26 processed is deflated, and pre-set pressure range is lower than, and starting vacuum pump 25 is evacuated, until pressure value reaches initial preset pressure value；
In this step, the preset water level of 21 liquid level of water tank decline is determined according to preset pressure mobility scale, according to ideal
Gas law can calculate the water level decreasing value that the reasonable mobility scale of pressure allows, when water level decreasing to the predetermined water level, i.e.,
Peristaltic pump can be started, liquid level initially set is filled into water tank 21.
(6) 21 liquid level of water tank is monitored with liquid-level floater switch 23, when water level decreasing to predetermined water level, starts peristaltic pump,
Liquid level initially set is filled into water tank 21.
In this step, liquid-level floater switch 23 is arranged on predetermined level, to detect the variation of 21 liquid level water level of water tank,
Height is specifically set according to the size of liquid-level floater switch 23.
When liquid level reaches initial value, baroceptor 24 monitor gas tank 22 in pressure value, starting step (5), when liquid level,
Pressure reaches initial value, and system is operated normally, persistently supplied water in the initial state, can starting step (5) under succeeding state
(6).
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system, including irrigation rig (11), outlet pipe (12), Electromagnetic Control water valve (13), exhaust pipe
(14), air-tightness valve (15), water tank (21), gas tank (22), liquid-level floater switch (23), baroceptor (24), negative pressure hair
Generating apparatus (25), partition (27), gas passage (28), water replanishing device (31), water inlet pipe (32), is mended Electromagnetic Control air valve (26)
Water tank (41) and single-chip microcontroller (51), it is characterised in that: the water tank (21) is isolated with gas tank (22) by partition (27), and partition
(27) there are gas passage (28) on, the water tank (21) passes through outlet pipe by water inlet pipe (32) and water replanishing device (31)
(12) it is connected with irrigation device (11) watertight, the gas tank (22) and depression generator (25) and Electromagnetic Control air valve (26) gas
Close connection, the water tank (21) is interior to be equipped with liquid-level floater switch (23), and the gas tank (22) is inside and outside to be equipped with baroceptor
(24), the Electromagnetic Control water valve (13), liquid-level floater switch (23), depression generator (25), Electromagnetic Control air valve (26),
Baroceptor (24), water replanishing device (31) are connect with single-chip microcontroller (51).
2. a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: irrigation device (11) the connection water outlet
(12) and exhaust pipe (14) are managed, arranges Electromagnetic Control water valve (13) on the outlet pipe (12), the Electromagnetic Control water valve (13)
For the switch of Controlled irrigation device (11), when pressure limit in system and water level are within the scope of initial preset, Electromagnetic Control water valve
(13) it opens, irrigation rig (11) water supply start, has air-tightness valve (15) on the exhaust pipe (14).
3. a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the irrigation device (11) be it is permeable not
Ventilative clay douche or fiber douche.
4. a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water replanishing device (31) is to wriggle
Pump, peristaltic pump pass through water inlet pipe (32) connection water supply tank (41) and water tank (21).
5. a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the nozzle of the water inlet pipe (32) is arranged
In water tank (21) bottom.
6. a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the power supply of the peristaltic pump includes direct current
Power supply or AC power source provide, and provide power drive by stepper motor, direct current generator or alternating current generator.
7. a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the depression generator (25) is true
Sky pump, the vacuum pump are connected by aspirating hole with gas tank (22) air-tightness.
8. a kind of Negative pressure irrigation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the water tank (21) and gas tank (22)
Between separated with partition (27), partition (27) top is equipped with zigzag gas passage (28), liquid-level floater switch (23) arrangement
On predetermined level, height is set according to the size that liquid-level floater switchs (23).
9. implementing a kind of constant negative pressure irrigation method of claim 1 described device, including initial phase and maintenance operation rank
Section, it is characterised in that:
(1) system and depression generator differential pressure range and termination condition are set；
(2) start initial phase, single-chip microcontroller (51) reads liquid-level floater and switchs (23) state, and when open state, peristaltic pump is mended
Water, while recording wriggling pump operation step number；When closed state, peristaltic pump is out of service, and baroceptor (24) monitors pressure value
And judge whether pressure difference reaches preset range, if not up to, vacuum pump extracts air；If reaching, Electromagnetic Control water valve
(13) it opens, irrigation device (11) is poured water, and system starts to continue water supply, into the maintenance operation phase；
(3) pressure difference value inside and outside baroceptor (24) real-time monitoring Negative pressure irrigation system, when pressure difference value is higher than default pressure
Power range, starting Electromagnetic Control air valve (26) are deflated, and pre-set pressure range, starting vacuum pump pumping, until pressure value reaches are lower than
To initial preset pressure value；Water tank (21) liquid level is monitored by liquid-level floater switch (23), when water level decreasing triggers liquid-level floater
When switching (23) state change, start water replanishing device (31), liquid level initially set is filled into water tank (21), record is wriggled
Pump operation step number, and judge whether peristaltic pump reaches predetermined running step number, if not up to, continuing to monitor pressure difference value, water level
State simultaneously maintains pressure difference and water level；If reaching default step number, single-chip microcontroller (51) issues instruction, closes Electromagnetic Control water valve
(13), stop pouring water.
10. a kind of constant negative pressure irrigation method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: irrigation device (11) pour water
Amount is calculated according to the step number that peristaltic pump rotates, inside and outside baroceptor (24) real-time monitoring, recording device inside and outside device
Pressure value, and pressure difference further is calculated by single-chip microcontroller (51), further pass through vacuum pump (25), Electromagnetic Control air valve (26)
Maintain device negative pressure value in the constant range of setting.
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| CN118169365A (en) * | 2024-05-14 | 2024-06-11 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Soil tensiometer capable of automatically exhausting and supplementing water |
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