CN109407018A - High-resolution Barkhausen noise and incremental permeability scanning imaging system - Google Patents
High-resolution Barkhausen noise and incremental permeability scanning imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109407018A CN109407018A CN201811058264.7A CN201811058264A CN109407018A CN 109407018 A CN109407018 A CN 109407018A CN 201811058264 A CN201811058264 A CN 201811058264A CN 109407018 A CN109407018 A CN 109407018A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/12—Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
- G01R33/1223—Measuring permeability, i.e. permeameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/725—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables by using magneto-acoustical effects or the Barkhausen effect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
- G01N27/9013—Arrangements for scanning
- G01N27/902—Arrangements for scanning by moving the sensors
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Abstract
The invention discloses high-resolution Barkhausen noises and incremental permeability scanning imaging system, it carries out the features magnetic signals such as localization Barkhausen noise, vortex and incremental permeability to ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material by PC control multifunction electromagnetic detection device to detect, the software in host computer can extract at least 14 magnetic parameters from the feature magnetic signal of detection；Magnetic head in electromagnetic detection is carried using triaxial movement platform, plane scanning is carried out to ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material, obtains the spatial distribution imaging results of magnetic parameter；Change 0.2~10 μm of the magnetic core end air gap width that magnetic head uses, the lateral resolution of magnetic head can be adjusted in 10~100 μ ms.By measuring the distribution of a variety of magnetic parameters of surface of test piece, magnetic characteristic imaging is realized, to reflect the distribution of material internal microstructure and residual stress.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electromagnetic nondestructive testing fields, flat in conjunction with multi-function magnetic signal supervisory instrument and three-axis moving
Platform, and high-resolution magnetosensitive element is configured, realize Barkhausen noise and increment to ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material
Magnetic conductivity scanning imaging.Imaging results can be directly used for determine material magnetic uniformity, indirectly reflect material internal microstructure,
The distribution of residual stress.
Background technique
In ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material Study on Preparation and final product quality control, it is required to technological means pair
(thickness, magnetic characteristic, the microstructure, residual stress) uniformity for preparing sample is detected.Existing research shows by reasonable
Calibration experiment (patent name: the micro-magnetic detection scaling method of ferrimagnet structural mechanical property, publication number:
CN105891321A), it can establish the pass of magnetize parameter Yu many indexes (thickness, magnetic characteristic, microstructure, residual stress)
Connection, namely the magnetic detection method of thickness, microstructure and residual stress uniformity is developed, key is magnetic uniformity detection skill
Art.
The patent of invention of Publication No. CN 104502443A discloses a kind of multi-functional micro-magnetic detection sensor, but it is encouraged
Magnetic magnetic structure is not suitable for small size ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material, and the lateral resolution of sensor is too low, can not
The magnetic uniformity imaging results of high quality are provided.Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of high-resolution Barkhausen noise and increments
Magnetic conductivity scanning imaging system carries out excitation towards small size ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material, utilizes high-resolution magnetic
First 7 detection localization Barkhausen noise, vortex and incremental permeability carry high-resolution magnetic by means of triaxial movement platform
First 7 realize that the scanning to measured material is imaged.The high-resolution Barkhausen noise of announcement and incremental permeability scanning imaging are
System can evaluate the uniformity of a variety of magnetic parameters of small size ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material, reflect material internal indirectly
The distribution of microstructure and residual stress.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has built high-resolution Barkhausen noise and incremental permeability scanning imaging system, it is therefore intended that measures
The distribution of a variety of magnetic parameters of surface of test piece realizes magnetic characteristic imaging, to reflect material internal microstructure and residual stress
Distribution.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is high-resolution Barkhausen noise and incremental permeability
Scanning imaging system controls multifunction electromagnetic detection device to ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material carry out office by host computer 10
The features magnetic signal such as domain Barkhausen noise, vortex and incremental permeability detects, and the software in host computer 10 can be from detection
At least 14 magnetic parameters are extracted in feature magnetic signal；It is right that magnetic head 7 in electromagnetic detection is carried using triaxial movement platform
Ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material carry out plane scanning, obtain the spatial distribution imaging results of magnetic parameter；Change magnetic head 7 to adopt
The lateral resolution of 0.2~10 μm of 18 end air gap width of magnetic core, magnetic head 7 can carry out in 10~100 μ ms
Adjustment.
Simple two-way signal exciting circuit 1 is connect with power amplifier 2, and magnet exciting coil 3 is wrapped on excitation magnetic core 13 and connects
To power amplifier 2, test specimen 8 is fixed in the objective table 9 between 13 pole shoe of excitation magnetic core, magnetic head 7 and signal adjustment electricity
Road 5 connects, and magnetic head 7 is mainly made of magnetic core 18, detection coil 14, induction coil 17, spring 15 and sensor outer housing 16, spring
15 and magnetic core 18 be mounted on the centre of sensor outer housing 16, magnetic core 18 is located at 15 lower section of spring；Magnetic core 18 is inc frame
Structure, the not place of closure of frame structure are equipped with the symmetrical hook formation of evagination, exist between the tip of two hook formations less than 1 μm
Air gap.Detection coil 14 and induction coil 17 are wound on magnetic core 18, by magnetic head 7 and Hall element 4 be respectively placed in by
The upper and lower surface of test block 8, Hall element 4 and signal adjustment circuit 5 are connect with multi-channel data acquisition board 6, and three-axis moving is flat
Platform 12 is connect with Motion Control Platform 11, while multi-channel data acquisition board 6 and Motion Control Platform 11 are connected to host computer
10。
The process for carrying out Barkhausen noise scanning imaging to test specimen is: generating in simple two-way signal exciting circuit 1 low all the way
Frequently (0.5~200Hz) sine wave signal is passed through the magnet exciting coil 3 of magnetic excitation circuit after power amplifier 2 carries out power amplification,
Low frequency alternating magnetic field is provided, periodically magnetized is carried out to test specimen 8, the Hall element 4 for being fixedly placed in measured material lower surface is examined
Tangential magnetic field strength signal is surveyed, magnetic head 7 detects Barkhausen noise signal, tangential magnetic field intensity letter along 8 upper surface of test specimen
Number and Barkhausen noise signal by 6 acquisition and storage of multi-channel data acquisition board, triaxial movement platform 12 carries magnetic head 7,
Scan path and step-length according to setting carry out Barkhausen noise detection to test specimen, are filtered by signal adjustment circuit 5
After preposition amplification, feature extraction is carried out to signal by host computer 10, obtains the maximum value M of BN envelopemax, a magnetization week
The average value M of BN envelope in phasemean, BN envelope and the longitudinal axis intercept Mr、MmaxCorresponding tangential magnetic field intensity H, that is, Hcm、
25%MmaxLocate corresponding peak width DH25m, 50%MmaxLocate corresponding peak width DH50m and 75%MmaxLocate corresponding peak width DH75m etc.
Magnetic parameter, distribution of each magnetic parameter at 7 spacescan track of magnetic head represent Barkhausen noise scanning imaging results.
Magnetic head 7 is used as absolute type eddy current sensor, independent to carry out vortex scanning to ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material
Imaging, can also run simultaneously with magnetic excitation circuit, carry out incremental permeability scanning imaging to ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material,
Testing process is: low frequency (0.5~200Hz) sine wave signal all the way is generated in simple two-way signal exciting circuit 1, through power amplifier
After 2 carry out power amplification, it is passed through the excitation coil 3 of magnetic excitation circuit, low frequency alternating magnetic field is provided, period magnetic is carried out to test specimen 8
Change；The synchronous induction coil 17 for generating another way high frequency (100~500kHz) sine wave signal and being passed through magnetic head 7, to be measured and monitored the growth of standing timber
Expect that local generates high-frequency vortex field, the Hall element 4 for being fixedly placed in 8 lower surface of test specimen detects tangential magnetic field intensity letter
Number, magnetic head 7 carries out EDDY CURRENT along measured material upper surface, and tangential magnetic field strength signal and eddy current testing signal are by multichannel
6 acquisition and storage of data collecting card, triaxial movement platform 12 carry magnetic head 7, and the scan path and step-length according to setting are to test specimen
Vortex scanning is carried out, host computer 10 carries out quadrature demodulation to received eddy current signal and obtains imaginary part, with the change of tangential magnetic field intensity
Changing track is incremental permeability butterfly curve, and feature magnetic parameter includes: the maximum value μ of IP envelopemax, a cycle of magnetization
The average value mu of interior IP envelopemean, IP envelope and the longitudinal axis intercept μr、μmaxCorresponding tangential magnetic field intensity H, that is, Hcu, 25%
μmaxLocate corresponding peak width DH25u, 50% μmaxLocate corresponding peak width DH50u and 75% μmaxLocate corresponding peak width DH75u equimagnetic ginseng
Amount, distribution of each magnetic parameter at 7 spacescan track of magnetic head represent incremental permeability scanning imaging results.
The present invention can measure the distribution of a variety of magnetic parameters of surface of test piece by above technical scheme, realize that magnetic is special
Property imaging, be expected to be applied to the magnetic uniformity detection of ferromagnetism block and magnetic membrane material, to reflect the microcosmic knot of material internal
The distribution of structure and residual stress, while improving the spatial resolution of detection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 Barkhausen noise and incremental permeability scanning imaging system schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 detection schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 Barkhausen noise signal and its butterfly curve；
Fig. 4 incremental permeability butterfly curve；
Fig. 5 upper computer software interface and imaging results；
In figure: the adjustment of 1- simple two-way signal exciting circuit 2- power amplifier 3- magnet exciting coil 4- Hall element 5- signal
The control of circuit 6- multi-channel data acquisition board 7- magnetic head 8- test specimen 9- objective table 10- host computer 11- motion platform
Block 12- triaxial movement platform 13- excitation magnetic core 14- detection coil 15- spring 16- sensor outer housing 17- induction coil
18- magnetic core.
Specific embodiment
In order to keep the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention
Embodiment is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, connecting each equipment.The generation of simple two-way signal exciting circuit 1 low frequency sinusoidal excitation signal (0.5~
200Hz), which is output to magnet exciting coil 3 by power amplifier 2, and the alternating magnetic field of generation is coupled to through excitation magnetic core 13
It is placed in 8 surface of test specimen in objective table 9, the Hall element 4 for being fixedly placed in measured material lower surface detects tangential magnetic
Field intensity signal.
Magnetic head 7 is mainly made of induction coil 17, detection coil 14, magnetic core 18, spring 15 and sensor outer housing 16 (as schemed
Shown in 2), magnetic head 7 is fitted closely with test specimen using spring 15, signal is detected test coil 14 through the end air gap of magnetic core 18
It receives, magnetic head 7 detects Barkhausen noise signal along 8 upper surface of test specimen, and tangential magnetic field strength signal and Barkhausen make an uproar
For acoustical signal by 6 acquisition and storage of multi-channel data acquisition board, triaxial movement platform 12 carries magnetic head 7, and host computer 10 sends life
Motion platform control card 11 is enabled, triaxial movement platform 12 carries out Barkhausen to test specimen according to the scan path and step-length of setting
Noise measuring, after the filtering processing of signal adjustment circuit 5 and preposition amplification, using tangential magnetic field intensity as abscissa, with bar
Ke Haosen noise signal can obtain Barkhausen noise butterfly curve as ordinate, be carried out by host computer 10 to signal
Feature extraction, distribution of each magnetic parameter at 7 spacescan track of magnetic head represent Barkhausen noise scanning imaging results.
When carrying out incremental permeability scanning imaging to ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material, electricity is motivated by simple two-way signal
Low frequency (0.5~200Hz) sine wave signal all the way is generated in road 1, after power amplifier 2 carries out power amplification, is passed through excitation
The magnet exciting coil 3 of magnetic circuit provides low frequency alternating magnetic field and carries out periodically magnetized to test specimen 8；It is synchronous to generate another way high frequency
(100~500kHz) sine wave signal is passed through the induction coil 17 of magnetic head 7, to generate high-frequency vortex field in 8 local of test specimen,
The Hall element 4 for being fixedly placed in 8 lower surface of test specimen detects tangential magnetic field strength signal, the table along measured material of magnetic head 7
Face carries out EDDY CURRENT, tangential magnetic field strength signal and eddy current testing signal by 6 acquisition and storage of multi-channel data acquisition board,
Triaxial movement platform 12 carries magnetic head 7, and host computer 10 sends a command to motion platform control card 11,12 foundation of triaxial movement platform
The scan path and step-length of setting carry out vortex scanning to test specimen, and host computer 10 carries out quadrature demodulation to received eddy current signal and obtains
To imaginary part, the variation track with tangential magnetic field intensity is incremental permeability butterfly curve (as shown in Figure 4), is therefrom extracted more
Item magnetic parameter, distribution of each magnetic parameter at 7 spacescan track of magnetic head represent incremental permeability scanning imaging results.
Multinomial magnetic parameter is extracted from the magnetics signal of acquisition, by calibration experiment, establish test specimen mechanical property with it is a variety of
The mapping relations of micro- magnetic signal detect No. 45 steel by laser quenching processing using the system, pass through host computer 10
Middle software can clearly tell the quenched zone and heat affected area of material to testing result scanning imagery (as shown in Figure 5).
Claims (4)
1. high-resolution Barkhausen noise and incremental permeability scanning imaging system, it is characterised in that: simple two-way signal excitation electricity
Road (1) is connect with power amplifier (2), and magnet exciting coil (3) is wrapped on excitation magnetic core (13) and is connected to power amplifier
(2), test specimen (8) is fixed in the objective table (9) between excitation magnetic core (13) pole shoe, magnetic head (7) and signal adjustment circuit
(5) it connects, magnetic head (7) is mainly by magnetic core (18), detection coil (14), induction coil (17), spring (15) and sensor outer housing
(16) it forms, magnetic head (7) is by magnetic core (18), detection coil (14), induction coil (17), spring (15) and sensor outer housing (16)
Composition, spring (15) and magnetic core (18) are mounted on the centre of sensor outer housing (16), and magnetic core (18) is located at below spring (15)；Magnetic
Core (18) is inc frame structure, and the not place of closure of frame structure is equipped with the symmetrical hook formation of evagination, two hook formations
Tip between there is air gap less than 1 μm；Detection coil (14) and induction coil (17) are wound on magnetic core (18), by magnetic
Head (7) and Hall element (4) are respectively placed in the upper and lower surface of test specimen (8), Hall element (4) and signal adjustment circuit
(5) it is connect with multi-channel data acquisition board (6), triaxial movement platform (12) is connect with Motion Control Platform (11), while more
Channel data capture card (6) and Motion Control Platform (11) are connected to host computer (10).
2. high-resolution Barkhausen noise according to claim 1 and incremental permeability scanning imaging system, feature
Be: the process for carrying out Barkhausen noise scanning imaging to test specimen is: low frequency all the way is generated in simple two-way signal exciting circuit (1)
0.5~200Hz sine wave signal is passed through the magnet exciting coil (3) of magnetic excitation circuit after power amplifier (2) carry out power amplification,
Low frequency alternating magnetic field is provided, periodically magnetized is carried out to test specimen (8), is fixedly placed in the Hall element of measured material lower surface
(4) tangential magnetic field strength signal is detected, magnetic head (7) detects Barkhausen noise signal, tangential magnetic along test specimen (8) upper surface
Field intensity signal and Barkhausen noise signal are by multi-channel data acquisition board (6) acquisition and storage, triaxial movement platform
(12) magnetic head (7) are carried, the scan path and step-length according to setting carry out Barkhausen noise detection to test specimen, by signal tune
After whole circuit (5) filtering processing and preposition amplification, feature extraction is carried out to signal by host computer (10), obtains BN envelope most
Big value Mmax, in a cycle of magnetization BN envelope average value Mmean, BN envelope and the longitudinal axis intercept Mr、MmaxIt is corresponding to cut
To magnetic field strength H, that is, Hcm, 25%MmaxLocate corresponding peak width DH25m, 50%MmaxLocate corresponding peak width DH50m and 75%MmaxPlace
Corresponding peak width DH75m equimagnetic parameter, distribution of each magnetic parameter at magnetic head (7) spacescan track represent Barkhausen and make an uproar
Sound scanning imaging results.
3. high-resolution Barkhausen noise according to claim 1 and incremental permeability scanning imaging system, feature
It is: localization bar is carried out to ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material by host computer (10) control multifunction electromagnetic detection device
The features magnetic signal such as Ke Haosen noise, vortex and incremental permeability detects, and the software in host computer (10) can be from the feature of detection
At least 14 magnetic parameters are extracted in magnetic signal；Magnetic head (7) in electromagnetic detection is carried to iron using triaxial movement platform
Magnetic block or magnetic membrane material carry out plane scanning, obtain the spatial distribution imaging results of magnetic parameter；Change magnetic head (7) to adopt
The lateral resolution of 0.2~10 μm of air gap width of magnetic core (18) end, magnetic head (7) can be in 10~100 μ ms
It is adjusted.
4. high-resolution Barkhausen noise according to claim 1 and incremental permeability scanning imaging system, feature
Be: magnetic head (7) is used as absolute type eddy current sensor, it is independent to ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material carry out vortex scanning at
Picture can also be run simultaneously with magnetic excitation circuit, carry out incremental permeability scanning imaging, inspection to ferromagnetism block or magnetic membrane material
Flow gauge is: 0.5~200Hz of low frequency sine wave signal all the way is generated in simple two-way signal exciting circuit (1), through power amplifier
(2) after carrying out power amplification, it is passed through the magnet exciting coil (3) of magnetic excitation circuit, low frequency alternating magnetic field is provided, test specimen (8) is carried out
Periodically magnetized；The synchronous induction coil (17) for generating another way high frequency 100~500kHz sine wave signal and being passed through magnetic head (7), with
High-frequency vortex field is generated in measured material local, Hall element (4) detection for being fixedly placed in test specimen (8) lower surface is tangential
Magnetic field intensity signal, magnetic head (7) carry out EDDY CURRENT, tangential magnetic field strength signal and EDDY CURRENT letter along measured material upper surface
Number by multi-channel data acquisition board (6) acquisition and storage, triaxial movement platform (12) carries magnetic head (7), according to sweeping for setting
It retouches path and step-length and vortex scanning is carried out to test specimen, host computer (10) carries out quadrature demodulation to received eddy current signal and obtains void
Portion, the variation track with tangential magnetic field intensity are incremental permeability butterfly curve, feature magnetic parameter include: IP envelope most
Big value μmax, in a cycle of magnetization IP envelope average value mumean, IP envelope and the longitudinal axis intercept μr、μmaxIt is corresponding to cut
To magnetic field strength H, that is, Hcu, 25% μmaxLocate corresponding peak width DH25u, 50% μmaxLocate corresponding peak width DH50u and 75% μmaxPlace
Corresponding peak width DH75u, distribution of each magnetic parameter at magnetic head (7) spacescan track represent incremental permeability scanning imaging
As a result.
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