CN109111091B

CN109111091B - Graphite mold, 3D glass hot bending device and 3D glass hot bending method

Info

Publication number: CN109111091B
Application number: CN201811155443.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 米军哲
Original assignee: Dongxu Optoelectronic Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Dongxu Optoelectronic Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-30
Filing date: 2018-09-30
Publication date: 2023-11-28
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-30
Also published as: CN109111091A

Abstract

The invention discloses a graphite mold for 3D glass forming, a 3D glass hot bending device with the graphite mold and a 3D glass hot bending method implemented by using the 3D glass hot bending device. The 3D glass hot bending device comprises: the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate are provided with an air suction channel, and the upper port of the air suction channel is arranged on the upper surface of the lower heating plate; the porosity of the graphite mould is more than or equal to 12 percent, the graphite mould is arranged on the upper surface of the lower heating plate, and the graphite mould is positioned below the upper heating plate; and the air extraction opening of the vacuum generator is communicated with the air extraction channel. The 3D glass hot bending device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of long service life, high processing quality, low energy consumption and the like.

Description

Graphite mold, 3D glass hot bending device and 3D glass hot bending method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of glass processing, in particular to a graphite mold for 3D glass forming, a 3D glass hot bending device with the graphite mold and a 3D glass hot bending method implemented by using the 3D glass hot bending device.

Background

In the related art, the hot bending of the 3D glass mainly adopts a concave-convex die hot pressing method, and two surfaces of the glass are strongly extruded by an upper die and a lower die in the forming process. Therefore, if the surface roughness of the upper and lower molds is high, the mold particles are large, or defects occur on the surfaces of the molds, the defects are easily transferred to the surfaces of the glass, and defects such as pits, hot orange peels and the like are formed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a graphite mold for 3D glass forming, a 3D glass hot bending device with the graphite mold and a 3D glass hot bending method implemented by using the 3D glass hot bending device.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a graphite mold for 3D glass molding, the graphite mold having a porosity of 12% or more.

Preferably, the porosity of the graphite mold is 40% or less, preferably 15% or more and 30% or less, more preferably 18% or more and 25% or less, and most preferably 23% or less.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a 3D glass hot bending apparatus, the 3D glass hot bending apparatus comprising: the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate are provided with an air suction channel, and the upper port of the air suction channel is arranged on the upper surface of the lower heating plate; a graphite mold, which is the graphite mold according to the first aspect of the present invention, the graphite mold being provided on the upper surface of the lower heating plate, the graphite mold being located below the upper heating plate; and the extraction opening of the vacuum generator is communicated with the extraction channel.

The 3D glass hot bending device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of long service life, high processing quality and low energy consumption.

Preferably, a groove is formed in the upper surface of the lower heating plate, an upper port of the air suction channel is formed in the bottom wall surface of the groove, and preferably, a lower port of the air suction channel is formed in the lower surface of the lower heating plate.

Preferably, the shape of the lower surface of the graphite mold is adapted to the shape of the upper surface of the lower heating plate.

Preferably, the plurality of the air extraction passages are plural, the plurality of air extraction passages constitute a plurality of air extraction passage groups, each of the air extraction passage groups including a plurality of the air extraction passages, wherein the plurality of air extraction passage groups are disposed at intervals along one of the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction of the lower heating plate, and the plurality of air extraction passages of each of the air extraction passage groups are disposed at intervals along the other of the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction of the lower heating plate.

Preferably, the 3D glass hot bending apparatus further comprises: an inert gas source; and a switching valve having a first opening switchably communicating with one of the second opening and the third opening, wherein the first opening communicates with the suction channel, the second opening communicates with the suction port of the vacuum generator, and the third opening communicates with the inert gas source.

A third aspect of the present invention provides a 3D glass hot bending method implemented using the 3D glass hot bending apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the 3D glass hot bending method comprising the steps of:

a) Placing a glass plate on the upper surface of a graphite mold of the 3D glass hot bending device;

b) Heating the glass plate by using an upper heating plate and a lower heating plate of the 3D glass hot bending device, wherein the glass plate is heated and heated to be bent and attached to the upper surface of the graphite mold so as to form a 3D glass product; and

c) Before, after or simultaneously with the implementation of step B), inert gas is provided, and a vacuum generator of the 3D glass hot bending device is turned on so as to draw vacuum.

The 3D glass hot bending method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of preventing the graphite mold from being oxidized, along with high processing quality and low energy consumption.

Preferably, the glass sheet is heated to a first preset temperature by the upper heating plate and the lower heating plate, the first preset temperature is less than a softening point temperature of the glass sheet and greater than a deformation point temperature of the glass sheet, and preferably, a difference between the softening point temperature and the first preset temperature is less than or equal to a preset value.

Preferably, the 3D glass hot bending method further comprises: d) Continuing to introduce inert gas, reducing the temperature of the 3D glass product, closing the vacuum generator after the temperature of the 3D glass product is reduced to be lower than the strain point temperature of the 3D glass product,

Preferably, the 3D glass hot bending method further comprises: e) And providing inert gas for the graphite mold through the air suction channel of the lower heating plate by utilizing the inert gas source of the 3D glass hot bending device, and then removing the 3D glass product from the graphite mold.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 3D glass heat bender according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 3D glass heat bender according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first cooling member (second cooling member) of a 3D glass heat bender according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a 3D glass hot bending apparatus (before heating) according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a 3D glass hot bending apparatus (after heating) according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a 3D glass hot bending apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a 3D glass hot bending apparatus (before heating) according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a 3D glass hot bending apparatus (after heating) according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic partial structure of a 3D glass hot bending apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a 3D glass hot bending apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a 3D glass hot bending apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of a heating tube according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a heating tube according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a connection plate of a 3D glass hot bending apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

A 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in fig. 10 to 11, the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an upper heating plate, a lower heating plate 421, a graphite mold 430, and a vacuum generator (not shown).

The lower heating plate 421 is provided with an air extraction channel 4211, an upper port of the air extraction channel 4211 is arranged on the upper surface 4212 of the lower heating plate 421, and an air extraction port of the vacuum generator is communicated with the air extraction channel 4211. The porosity of the graphite mold 430 is 12% or more, and the graphite mold 430 is provided on the upper surface 4212 of the lower heating plate 421.

An inert gas may be provided before, after, or while heating the glass sheet 2 with the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40, and the vacuum generator may be turned on to draw a vacuum. Since the suction port of the vacuum generator is communicated with the air holes of the graphite mold 430 through the suction passage 4211, the inert gas enters the air holes of the graphite mold 430 after the vacuum generator is turned on. At this time, a predetermined portion (portion to be thermally bent) of the glass plate 2 is subjected to its own weight, the pressure of the inert gas (acting on the upper surface of the glass plate 2), and the negative pressure (acting on the lower surface of the glass plate 2).

When the temperature of the preset portion of the glass sheet 2 rises above the deformation point temperature of the glass sheet 2, the preset portion of the glass sheet 2 is rapidly deformed (moved downward) by its own weight, the pressure of the inert gas, and the negative pressure until it is fitted on the upper surface of the graphite mold 430 (at which time the entire glass sheet 2 is fitted on the upper surface of the graphite mold 430) so as to form the 3D glass article 3.

Existing molds for 3D glass may be metal molds, graphite molds. Because the existing hot bending method heats the glass sheet to the deformation point temperature and then presses the glass sheet (mold pressing) using the upper mold and the lower mold so that the glass sheet is deformed and thus a 3D glass product is formed, the upper mold and the lower mold need to bear a large force, which requires high structural strength of the upper mold and the lower mold. Therefore, when the upper die and the lower die are graphite dies, the porosity of the graphite dies is basically equal to zero, so that the graphite dies are ensured to have higher structural strength.

In the present application, however, since the glass plate 2 is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the deformation point temperature of the glass plate 2 (for example, a temperature close to the softening point temperature of the glass plate 2) and the glass plate 2 is subjected to the pressure of the inert gas and the negative pressure, it is not necessary to press the glass plate 2 with the upper mold and the lower mold. That is, only the graphite mold 430 located under the glass sheet 2 may be provided, and the force applied to the graphite mold 430 is very small, so that the porosity of the graphite mold 430 may be 12% or more.

Also, since the glass sheet 2 is not pressed by the upper and lower molds any more, the preset portion of the glass sheet 2 is thermally bent and deformed by its own weight, the pressure of the inert gas, and the negative pressure, the pressure to which the glass sheet 2 is subjected can be greatly reduced, whereby the surface defects of the graphite mold 430 are not transferred to the surfaces of the glass sheet 2 and the 3D glass article 3, and thus the surface quality of the 3D glass article 3 can be greatly improved.

In addition, since the upper mold is not required, not only the structures of the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 and the 3D glass hot bending machine 1 can be simplified, but also the upper heating module 410 can be made to directly heat the glass sheet 2, so that heat can be more effectively transferred to the glass sheet 2. Therefore, the energy consumption of the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending device 40 can be reduced, namely the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending device 40 have the advantage of low energy consumption.

According to the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 of the embodiment of the present invention, by providing the pumping channel 4211 on the lower heating plate 421 and providing the graphite mold 430 on the upper surface 4212 of the lower heating plate 421, not only can inert gas be introduced into the graphite mold 430 to prevent oxidation of the graphite mold 430, but also the pressure applied to the glass sheet 2 can be greatly reduced, so that the surface defects of the graphite mold 430 are prevented from being transferred to the surfaces of the glass sheet 2 and the 3D glass article 3, so that the surface quality of the 3D glass article 3 can be greatly improved.

Therefore, the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 according to the embodiment of the present invention has advantages of long service life, high processing quality, low power consumption, and the like.

As shown in fig. 1-14, in some embodiments of the present invention, a 3D glass hot bending machine 1 may include a furnace body 10, a first partition 121, a second partition 122, a preheating device 20, an annealing device 30, and a 3D glass hot bending device 40.

The furnace body 10 may have a receiving chamber 110 therein, and a first partition 121 and a second partition 122 may be provided in the receiving chamber 110 to be spaced apart and partition the receiving chamber 110 into a preheating chamber 111, a hot bending chamber 112, and an annealing chamber 113.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, each of the first and second partitions 121 and 122 may be provided to be movable up and down. The 3D glass heat bender 1 may further include a first barrier driving member 131 and a second barrier driving member 132, the first barrier driving member 131 may be connected to the first barrier 121 to drive the first barrier 121 to move in the up-down direction, and the second barrier driving member 132 may be connected to the second barrier 122 to drive the second barrier 122 to move in the up-down direction.

When the preheating operation, the hot bending operation, and the annealing operation are performed, the first barrier driving member 131 may drive the first barrier 121 to move downward, and the second barrier driving member 132 may drive the second barrier 122 to move downward, so as to isolate (insulate) the preheating chamber 111 from the hot bending chamber 112, and the hot bending chamber 112 from the annealing chamber 113.

When the preheating operation is finished, the first barrier driving member 131 may drive the first barrier 121 to move upward so as to move the glass sheet 2 from the preheating chamber 111 to the hot bending chamber 112; when the hot bending operation is completed, the second barrier driver 132 may drive the second barrier 122 to move upward so as to move the 3D glass article 3 from the hot bending chamber 112 to the annealing chamber 113.

Preferably, the first barrier 121 may be disposed vertically, and the second barrier 122 may be disposed vertically.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the preheating device 20 may be provided in the preheating chamber 111, and the annealing device 30 may be provided in the annealing chamber 113.

Preferably, the preheating chambers 111 may be plural, the preheating devices 20 may be plural, and the plural preheating devices 20 may be provided in the plural preheating chambers 111 in one-to-one correspondence. The annealing chambers 113 may be plural, the annealing device 30 may be plural, and the plural annealing devices 30 may be provided in the plural annealing chambers 113 in one-to-one correspondence. Accordingly, the first partition 121 may be plural to form the plurality of preheating chambers 111, and the second partition 122 may be plural to form the plurality of annealing chambers 113.

In other words, the number of preheating chambers 111 may be equal to the number of preheating devices 20, the number of annealing chambers 113 may be equal to the number of annealing devices 30, one preheating device 20 may be provided in one preheating chamber 111, and one annealing device 30 may be provided in one annealing chamber 113.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment of the present application, the preheating device 20 may include a preheating bracket 210, a lower preheating plate 220, an upper preheating plate 230, an upper preheating member 240, and a lower preheating member 250, and the glass panel 2 may be placed on the preheating bracket 210 while preheating the glass panel 2.

The lower preheating plate 220 may be positioned below the upper end of the preheating bracket 210, and the upper preheating plate 230 may be positioned above the upper end of the preheating bracket 210. The upper preheating part 240 may be provided on the upper preheating plate 230 or within the upper preheating plate 230, and the lower preheating part 250 may be provided on the lower preheating plate 220 or within the lower preheating plate 220. The up-down direction is shown by arrow a in fig. 1.

In the prior art, a glass sheet is clamped between an upper mold and a lower mold, and heat is transferred to the glass sheet by heating the upper mold and the lower mold so as to achieve preheating of the glass sheet.

Since the glass sheet 2 is placed on the preheating support 210, the glass sheet 2 can be directly heated, so that heat can be more effectively transferred to the glass sheet 2. Therefore, by preheating the glass sheet 2 by using the preheating device 20, the power consumption can be reduced, that is, the preheating device 20 has an advantage of low power consumption, compared to preheating the glass sheet by heating the upper and lower molds. The reason why the present application does not need to clamp the glass sheet 2 with the upper mold and the lower mold will be described in detail below.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the preheating support 210 may include a plurality of preheating support pillars 211, and the plurality of preheating support pillars 211 may be disposed at a spaced apart distance. The upper edges or surfaces of the plurality of preheating support pillars 211 may be located on the same horizontal plane.

The upper preheating plate 230 is provided to be movable up and down, and the upper preheating plate 230 may be driven to be movable up and down by an air cylinder, an electric cylinder, or the like, for example. The upper preheating plate 230 may be moved upward when the glass panel 2 is placed on the preheating support 210 or the glass panel 2 is taken out of the preheating support 210, so that the glass panel 2 can be easily carried. In preheating the glass panel 2, the upper preheating plate 230 may be moved downward so as to heat the glass panel 2.

Both the upper preheating part 240 and the lower preheating part 250 may be heating pipes 60. As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the heating pipe 60 may include a pipe body 610, a plurality of heating parts 620, a first drawing part 631, and a second drawing part 632. The first lead portion 631 may be electrically connected to one of the plurality of heating portions 620, and the second lead portion 632 may be electrically connected to another of the plurality of heating portions 620.

The tube body 610 may have a lumen 611, a plurality of heating portions 620 may be provided within the lumen 611, and the plurality of heating portions 620 may be connected in series. Wherein the resistances of at least two of the plurality of heating parts 620 may be unequal to each other and/or the length densities of the at least two of the plurality of heating parts 620 may be unequal to each other, the at least two of the plurality of heating parts 620 may be opposite to different portions of the tube body 610 in the length direction of the tube body 610.

The length density of one heating portion 620 refers to: the ratio of the length of the heating part 620 to the length of the portion of the tube body 610 opposite to the heating part 620. If the heating portion 620 is non-linear (e.g., corrugated, spiral), the length of the heating portion 620 refers to: after the heating part 620 is straightened, the actual length of the heating part 620.

In manufacturing 3D glass articles using the hot bending method, the amount of heat required for different portions of the glass sheet is also different. In particular, the portion requiring bending needs to absorb more heat, and the portion not requiring bending can absorb less heat. The existing heating pipes can only uniformly emit heat, i.e. the heat emitted by different parts of the existing heating pipes is substantially equal, which results in that the parts of the glass sheet which do not need to be bent thermally are also heated to the highest temperature (in fact do not need to be heated to the highest temperature), and thus there is a waste of heat energy.

The heating pipe 60 according to the embodiment of the present invention may make the heat generated by the at least two heating parts 620 unequal to each other by making the resistances of the at least two of the plurality of heating parts 620 unequal to each other and/or the length densities of the at least two of the plurality of heating parts 620 unequal to each other.

Since the at least two of the plurality of heating parts 620 are opposite to different portions of the tube body 610 in the length direction of the tube body 610, the heat emitted from different portions of the heating tube 60 may be unequal to each other. Specifically, a portion of the heating pipe 60 that emits more heat may be opposed to a portion of the glass plate 2 that requires heat bending, and a portion of the heating pipe 60 that emits less heat may be opposed to a portion of the glass plate 2 that does not require heat bending, so as to reduce the power consumption of the heating pipe 60.

Therefore, the heating pipe 60 according to the embodiment of the present invention has advantages of low power consumption, etc. The heating tube 60 according to the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the power consumption by 5% -10% compared to the existing heating tube.

The heating tube 60 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to be used for the preheating bracket 210. The heating pipe 60 may be designed as two temperature zones, three temperature zones or more than four temperature zones depending on the actual hot-bending shape of the glass plate 2. The heat radiation and insulation capability of the mold can be calculated according to the specific shape of the mold, the region of the heating pipe 60 opposite to the portion of the mold where the heat radiation is faster and the thermally bent portion of the glass plate 2 can be used as a high temperature region, and the region of the heating pipe 60 opposite to the portion of the mold where the heat insulation capability is better can be used as a low temperature region.

In one example of the present invention, the plurality of heating parts 620 may include a main heating part and a side heating part, an end of the main heating part may be electrically connected with an end of the side heating part, a resistance of the side heating part may not be equal to a resistance of the main heating part, and/or a length density of the side heating part may not be equal to a length density of the main heating part.

The heating tube 60 may thus have two temperature zones (one high temperature zone and one low temperature zone). Wherein a high temperature region of the heating pipe 60 (e.g., a portion opposite to the side heating portion) may be opposite to a portion of the glass sheet 2 requiring heat bending, and a low temperature region of the heating pipe 60 (e.g., a portion opposite to the main heating portion) may be opposite to a portion of the glass sheet 2 not requiring heat bending. The heating tube 60 of this example is adapted to heat a glass plate 2 having a thermally bent portion.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the plurality of heating parts 620 may include a first side heating part 621, a second side heating part 622, and an intermediate heating part 623, a first end of the intermediate heating part 623 may be electrically connected to an end of the first side heating part 621, and a second end of the intermediate heating part 623 may be electrically connected to an end of the second side heating part 622.

Wherein the resistance of the first side heating portion 621 and the resistance of the intermediate heating portion 623 may not be equal and/or the length density of the first side heating portion 621 and the length density of the intermediate heating portion 623 may not be equal, the resistance of the second side heating portion 622 and the resistance of the intermediate heating portion 623 may not be equal and/or the length density of the second side heating portion 622 and the length density of the intermediate heating portion 623 may not be equal.

The heating tube 60 may thus have three temperature zones (e.g., two high temperature zones and one low temperature zone). Wherein two high temperature regions of the heating pipe 60 (e.g., portions opposite to the first side heating portion 621 and the second side heating portion 622) may be opposite to portions of the glass sheet 2 requiring heat bending, and a low temperature region of the heating pipe 60 (e.g., portions opposite to the intermediate heating portion 623) may be opposite to portions of the glass sheet 2 not requiring heat bending.

In other words, the first side heating part 621 and the second side heating part 622 may be opposite to a portion of the glass sheet 2 requiring heat bending, and the intermediate heating part 623 may be opposite to a portion of the glass sheet 2 not requiring heat bending. The heating tube 60 of this example is adapted to heat a glass plate 2 having two thermally bent portions, for example, both ends of the glass plate 2 are the thermally bent portions thereof.

Preferably, the resistance of the first side heating part 621 may be equal to the resistance of the second side heating part 622 and/or the length density of the first side heating part 621 may be equal to the length density of the second side heating part 622. The heat absorbed by the two ends of the glass plate 2 can be made substantially equal, so that the structure of the heating pipe 60 can be made more reasonable.

As shown in fig. 13, the plurality of heating parts 620 constitute a plurality of heating part groups 624, and the plurality of heating part groups 624 may be disposed at intervals along a first direction, which may be perpendicular to the length direction of the pipe body 610. Two heating section groups 624 adjacent in the first direction may be connected in series. The length direction of the tube 610 is shown by arrow B in fig. 13, and the first direction is shown by arrow C in fig. 13.

Each heating section group 624 may include a first side heating section 621, a second side heating section 622, and an intermediate heating section 623, a first end of the intermediate heating section 623 may be electrically connected to an end of the first side heating section 621, and a second end of the intermediate heating section 623 may be electrically connected to an end of the second side heating section 622. Wherein the resistance of the first side heating portion 621 and the resistance of the intermediate heating portion 623 may not be equal and/or the length density of the first side heating portion 621 and the length density of the intermediate heating portion 623 may not be equal, the resistance of the second side heating portion 622 and the resistance of the intermediate heating portion 623 may not be equal and/or the length density of the second side heating portion 622 and the length density of the intermediate heating portion 623 may not be equal.

Thereby, the temperature difference between the portion of the tube body 610 opposite to the first side heating portion 621 and the portion of the tube body 610 opposite to the middle heating portion 623 can be further increased, and the temperature difference between the portion of the tube body 610 opposite to the second side heating portion 622 and the portion of the tube body 610 opposite to the middle heating portion 623 can be further increased, so that the power consumption of the heating tube 60 can be further reduced.

The resistances of the first side heating parts 621 of the plurality of heating part groups 624 may be equal to each other and/or the length densities of the first side heating parts 621 of the plurality of heating part groups 624 may be equal to each other, the resistances of the second side heating parts 622 of the plurality of heating part groups 624 may be equal to each other and/or the length densities of the second side heating parts 622 of the plurality of heating part groups 624 may be equal to each other. Whereby the structure of the heating pipe 60 can be made more reasonable.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, in one specific example of the present invention, each heating part 620 may be configured in a spiral shape, and at least one of the pitch and the diameter of the at least two of the plurality of heating parts 620 may be unequal to each other. Whereby the structure of the heating pipe 60 can be made more reasonable.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the annealing apparatus 30 may include an annealing frame 310, a lower annealing plate 320, an upper annealing plate 330, an upper annealing piece 340, a lower annealing piece 350, and a first cooling piece 360, and the glass sheet 2 may be placed on the annealing frame 310 while the glass sheet 2 is annealed. The first cooling member 360 is provided to be movable up and down between a disengaged position, in which the first cooling member 360 may be spaced apart from the upper annealing plate 330, and a cooled position, in which the first cooling member 360 may be in contact with the upper annealing plate 330. For example, the first cooling member 360 may be driven to move up and down by an air cylinder, an electric cylinder, or the like.

The lower annealing plate 320 may be positioned below the upper end of the annealing supporter 310, and the upper annealing plate 330 may be positioned above the upper end of the annealing supporter 310. The upper annealer 340 may be provided on the upper annealing plate 330 or within the upper annealing plate 330, and the lower annealer 350 may be provided on the lower annealing plate 320 or within the lower annealing plate 320. Both the upper and lower anneals 340 and 350 may be heating pipes 60 according to the above-described embodiments of the present invention.

Since the 3D glass article 3 is placed on the annealing support 310, the 3D glass article 3 can be directly heated, so that heat can be more effectively transferred to the 3D glass article 3. Therefore, by annealing the 3D glass article 3 using the annealing device 30, the energy consumption can be reduced, that is, the annealing device 30 has an advantage of low energy consumption, compared to the technical scheme of annealing the 3D glass article by heating the upper and lower molds.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the annealing support 310 may include a plurality of annealing support columns 311, and the plurality of annealing support columns 311 may be disposed at a spaced apart.

The upper annealing plate 330 may be provided to be movable up and down, and the upper annealing plate 330 may be driven to move up and down by an air cylinder, an electric cylinder, or the like, for example. The upper annealing plate 330 may be moved upward when the 3D glass article 3 is placed on the annealing support 310 or the 3D glass article 3 is taken out of the annealing support 310, so as to facilitate handling of the 3D glass article 3. In annealing the 3D glass article 3, the upper annealing plate 330 may be moved downward so as to heat the 3D glass article 3.

The first cooling element 360 may be used to controllably reduce the furnace temperature. As shown in fig. 3, the first cooling member 360 may include a cooling water drum 361, a flow detector 362 for controlling the inflow amount of water, and a temperature detector for measuring the temperature of the return water. The cooling water drum 361 is provided to be movable up and down between the escape position, in which the cooling water drum 361 may be spaced apart from the upper annealing plate 330, and the cooling water drum 361 in the cooling position may be in contact with the upper annealing plate 330. For example, the cooling water drum 361 may be driven to move up and down by a cylinder 363, an electric cylinder, or the like.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 4-11, in some examples of the present invention, at least a portion of the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 may be disposed within the hot bending chamber 112, and the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 may include an upper heating module 410, a lower heating module 420, a graphite mold 430, and a vacuum generator (not shown).

The upper heating module 410 may include a first heating plate 411, a second heating plate 412, a first heating member 413 and a second heating member 414, the first heating member 413 may be disposed on the first heating plate 411 or within the first heating plate 411, and the second heating member 414 may be disposed on the second heating plate 412 or within the second heating plate 412. Wherein the first heating member 413 is provided to be movable up and down.

The lower heating module 420 may include a lower heating plate 421 and a lower heating member 422, an air pumping channel 4211 may be provided on the lower heating plate 421, an upper port of the air pumping channel 4211 may be provided on an upper surface 4212 of the lower heating plate 421, and the lower heating member 422 may be provided on the lower heating plate 421 or in the lower heating plate 421. The vacuum generator suction port may be in communication with suction channel 4211. The graphite mold 430 may be disposed on the upper surface 4212 of the lower heating plate 421, the graphite mold 430 may be positioned under the upper heating module 410, and the porosity of the graphite mold 430 may be 12% or more.

The operation of the 3D glass heat bender 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1, 2 and 4 to 11.

First, the glass sheet 2 is conveyed into the preheating chamber 111, and the glass sheet 2 is preheated by the preheating device 20. Specifically, the glass sheet 2 is placed on the preheating support 210, and then the glass sheet 2 is heated by the upper preheating part 240 and the lower preheating part 250. The preheating temperature can be determined according to the composition of the glass pane 2, which is not substantially different from the prior art and is therefore not described in detail.

After the preheating is completed, the glass sheet 2 is conveyed into the hot bending chamber 112, and the glass sheet 2 is heated by the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40. Specifically, the glass sheet 2 may be placed on the graphite mold 430, and the graphite mold 430 is heated using the upper heating module 410 and the lower heating module 420. Wherein a predetermined portion (portion to be thermally bent) of the glass plate 2 may be opposite to the first heating member 413, for example, the predetermined portion of the glass plate 2 may be opposite to the first heating member 413 in the up-down direction, so that the predetermined portion of the glass plate 2 is heated by the first heating member 413.

Before, after, or while heating the glass sheet 2 with the 3D glass bending apparatus 40, an inert gas may be supplied into the hot bending chamber 112 and the vacuum generator may be turned on to draw a vacuum. Since the suction port of the vacuum generator is communicated with the air holes of the graphite mold 430 through the suction passage 4211, the inert gas enters the air holes of the graphite mold 430 after the vacuum generator is turned on. At this time, the preset portion of the glass plate 2 is subjected to its own weight, the pressure of the inert gas (acting on the upper surface of the glass plate 2) and the negative pressure (acting on the lower surface of the glass plate 2).

Existing molds for 3D glass may be metal molds, graphite molds. Because the existing hot bending method heats the glass sheet to the deformation point temperature and then presses the glass sheet (mold pressing) using the upper mold and the lower mold so that the glass sheet is deformed and thus a 3D glass product is formed, the upper mold and the lower mold need to bear a large force, which requires high structural strength of the upper mold and the lower mold. Therefore, when the upper die and the lower die are graphite dies, the porosity of the graphite dies is less than or equal to 3%, so that the graphite dies are ensured to have higher structural strength. More importantly, in order to increase the structural strength of graphite molds, a general aim of those skilled in the art is to further reduce the porosity of graphite molds.

Preferably, the porosity of the graphite mold 430 may be 40% or less. More preferably, the porosity of the graphite mold 430 is 15% or more and 30% or less. Further preferably, the porosity of the graphite mold 430 is 18% or more and 25% or less. Most preferably, the porosity of the graphite mold 430 may be 23%. Thereby not only ensuring that the graphite mold 430 has sufficient structural strength, but also enabling the glass sheet 2 to be more firmly adsorbed on the graphite mold 430.

Also, since the glass sheet 2 is not pressed by the upper and lower molds any more, the preset portion of the glass sheet 2 is thermally bent and deformed by its own weight, the pressure of the inert gas, and the negative pressure, the pressure to which the glass sheet 2 is subjected can be greatly reduced, whereby the surface defects (e.g., high surface roughness, large mold particles, etc.) of the graphite mold 430 are not transferred to the surfaces of the glass sheet 2 and the 3D glass article 3, and thus the surface quality of the 3D glass article 3 can be greatly improved.

Therefore, the 3D glass hot bending device 40 according to the embodiment of the present invention has advantages of long service life, high processing quality, and the like.

Preferably, the inert gas may be supplied into the hot bending chamber 112 and the vacuum generator turned on to draw a vacuum before heating the glass sheet 2 using the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40, and the inert gas is sufficiently sucked into the inside of the graphite mold 430 under the negative pressure. In other words, the inert gas has been sufficiently inhaled into the interior of the graphite mold 430 before the graphite mold 430 is not heated. Thereby, the graphite mold 430 can be more effectively prevented from being oxidized, and the shape change, the strength reduction and the service life shortening of the graphite mold 430 due to the oxidation can be more effectively prevented.

Preferably, the glass sheet 2 may be heated to a first preset temperature using the 3D glass thermal bending apparatus 40, which may be less than the softening point temperature of the glass sheet 2 and may be greater than the deformation point temperature of the glass sheet 2.

More preferably, the difference between the softening point temperature and the first preset temperature may be within a first preset range, and the difference between the first preset temperature and the deformation point temperature may be within a second preset range. Therefore, the hot bending forming quality of the glass plate 2 can be improved, the hot bending forming speed of the glass plate 2 can be increased, and the hot bending forming energy consumption of the glass plate 2 can be reduced.

Further preferably, the difference between the softening point temperature and the first preset temperature may be 50 degrees celsius or more and 100 degrees celsius or less, and the difference between the first preset temperature and the deformation point temperature may be 20 degrees celsius or more and 70 degrees celsius or less. Therefore, the hot bending forming quality of the glass plate 2 can be further improved, the hot bending forming speed of the glass plate 2 can be further increased, and the hot bending forming energy consumption of the glass plate 2 can be further reduced.

Most preferably, the difference between the softening point temperature and the first preset temperature may be greater than or equal to 60 degrees celsius and less than or equal to 80 degrees celsius, and the difference between the first preset temperature and the deformation point temperature may be greater than or equal to 40 degrees celsius and less than or equal to 60 degrees celsius. Therefore, the hot bending forming quality of the glass plate 2 can be further improved, the hot bending forming speed of the glass plate 2 can be further increased, and the hot bending forming energy consumption of the glass plate 2 can be further reduced.

The inventors have intensively studied to find that: in the existing glass hot bending process, as the hot bending is performed, the distance between the hot bending part of the glass and the upper heating module is gradually increased, so that the heat provided by the upper heating module to the hot bending part of the glass is reduced as the hot bending part moves downwards. The heat provided by the lower heating module to the hot bent portion of the glass cannot be gradually increased until the distance between the hot bent portion of the glass and the lower heating module is close to a certain degree. This results in periodic variations in the heat absorbed by the hot-bending portion of the glass, resulting in poor quality hot-bending surfaces and slow hot-bending speeds of the glass.

During the thermal bending of this preset portion of the glass sheet 2, this preset portion moves downwards in order to achieve the bending. Since the first heating member 413 is provided movably up and down, the first heating member 413 can be moved down so that the distance between the first heating member 413 and the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2 remains unchanged. That is, the first heating plate 411 and the predetermined portion may be moved synchronously so that the distance of the first heating member 413 from the predetermined portion remains unchanged until the glass sheet 2 is adhered to the upper surface of the graphite mold 430 so as to form the 3D glass article 3.

The amount of heat absorbed by the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2 can thereby be kept substantially constant, so that the temperature of the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2 can be prevented from periodically varying depending on the distance of the predetermined portion from the first heating member 413. Thereby, the heating uniformity of the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2 can be improved, that is, the heat supplied to the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2 by the first heating member 413 during the hot bending process is not reduced as the predetermined portion moves downward, so that the hot bending surface quality and the hot bending speed of the glass sheet 2 can be improved.

After the glass sheet 2 is completely adhered to the graphite mold 430, the first heating member 413 is not moved any more, and after the 3D glass product 3 (glass sheet 2) is kept warm for a certain time according to a predetermined procedure, the first heating member 413 is moved upward to restore the initial position (initial state).

The upper heating module 410, the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40, and the 3D glass hot bending machine 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention are provided by making the first heating member 413 to be movable up and down, so that the first heating member 413 can be moved in synchronization with the preset portion of the glass sheet 2 so as to maintain the distance of the first heating member 413 from the preset portion unchanged when the glass sheet 2 is hot-bent.

Thereby, the heating uniformity of the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2 can be improved, that is, the heat supplied to the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2 by the first heating member 413 during the hot bending process is not reduced as the predetermined portion moves downward, so that the hot bending surface quality and the hot bending speed of the glass sheet 2 can be improved. Compared with the prior art, the upper heating module 410, the 3D glass hot bending device 40 and the 3D glass hot bending machine 1 according to the embodiment of the invention can improve the hot bending speed of the glass plate 2 by about 10%.

Therefore, the upper heating module 410, the 3D glass hot bending device 40 and the 3D glass hot bending machine 1 according to the embodiment of the invention have the advantages of good hot bending surface quality, high hot bending speed and the like.

Continuing to introduce inert gas (namely continuously introducing inert gas), after the heat preservation is finished, starting to reduce the temperature of the 3D glass product 3 attached to the upper surface of the graphite mold 430, and closing the vacuum generator after the temperature of the 3D glass product 3 is reduced to be lower than the strain point temperature of the 3D glass product 3. Whereby the 3D glass article 3 can be prevented from being deformed during the cooling process.

After the completion of the hot bending, the 3D glass product 3 is conveyed into the annealing chamber 113, and the 3D glass product 3 is annealed by the annealing device 30. The annealing temperature can be determined, among other things, according to the composition of the glass pane 2, which is not substantially different from the prior art and is therefore not described in detail.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the 3D glass heat bender 1 can further include a gas hood 50, the gas hood 50 being disposed within the heat bending chamber 112 to be movable up and down between an open position and a closed position. For example, the gas hood 50 may be driven to move in the up-down direction by a cylinder or an electric cylinder. The gas cap 50 in the closed position may cooperate with the wall of the hotbending chamber 112, an inert gas chamber may be defined between the gas cap 50 in the closed position and the wall of the hotbending chamber 112, the 3D glass hotbending device 40 may be positioned in the inert gas chamber, and the gas cap 50 in the open position may be disengaged from the wall of the hotbending chamber 112.

Specifically, after the glass sheet 2 is placed on the graphite mold 430, the gas hood 50 may be moved downward to the closed position. Since the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 is located in the inert gas chamber having a small volume, not only the amount of inert gas used can be reduced, but also the heat loss can be further reduced. After the hot bending is finished, the hood 50 can be moved upwards to this open position in order to remove the 3D glass article 3.

The shape of the lower surface of the graphite mold 430 is adapted to the shape of the upper surface 4212 of the lower heating plate 421. Whereby the structure of the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 can be made more reasonable.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the upper surface 4212 of the lower heating plate 421 is provided with a recess 4213, and the upper port of the air suction passage 4211 is opened on the bottom wall surface of the recess 4213. Thereby, the inert gas can be sucked to more surface of the graphite mold 430, so that not only more inert gas can be introduced into the graphite mold 430, but also the glass sheet 2 can be more firmly adsorbed on the graphite mold 430.

Preferably, the suction channel 4211 may be plural, and the plural suction channels 4211 may constitute plural suction channel groups, each of which may include plural suction channels 4211. Wherein a plurality of the pumping channel groups may be disposed at intervals along one of the lateral and longitudinal directions of the lower heating plate 421, and a plurality of pumping channels 4211 of each of the pumping channel groups may be disposed at intervals along the other of the lateral and longitudinal directions of the lower heating plate 421.

Wherein, when the glass sheet 2 is placed on the graphite mold 430, the lateral direction of the lower heating plate 421 may coincide with one of the length direction and the width direction of the glass sheet 2, and the longitudinal direction of the lower heating plate 421 may coincide with the other of the length direction and the width direction of the glass sheet 2.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the lower port of the pumping channel 4211 may be opened on the lower surface of the lower heating plate 421, whereby the structure of the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 may be more reasonable.

In one specific example of the present invention, the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 may further include an inert gas source and a switching valve. The switching valve may have a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening, and the first opening may be switchably communicated with one of the second opening and the third opening. Wherein the first opening may be in communication with the pumping channel 4211, the second opening may be in communication with the pumping port of the vacuum generator, and the third opening may be in communication with the inert gas source.

When it is desired to remove the 3D glass article 3 from the graphite mold 430, the first opening is placed in communication with the third opening, and then the inert gas source can be used to provide positive pressure inert gas to the graphite mold 430 through the pumping channel 4211. Thereby, the 3D glass article 3 is prevented from adhering to the graphite mold 430, and thus the 3D glass article 3 can be more conveniently and easily removed from the graphite mold 430.

In a first example of the present invention, the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass heat bending apparatus 40 may include an upper heating plate 419, and the upper heating plate 419 may include a first heating plate 411 and a second heating plate 412, and the first heating plate 411 and the second heating plate 412 are hinged. Thereby, the first heating member 413 provided on the first heating plate 411 or provided in the first heating plate 411 can be moved up and down by pivoting the first heating plate 411 with respect to the second heating plate 412 (e.g., the first heating plate 411 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise) so as to ensure that the first heating member 413 moves in synchronization with the preset portion of the glass sheet 2.

Preferably, at least one of the first heating plate 411 and the second heating plate 412 is provided with a relief notch. It is thereby possible to avoid the first heating plate 411 and the second heating plate 412 from interfering with each other when the first heating plate 411 is pivoted with respect to the second heating plate 412.

As shown in fig. 4, 5, 7 and 8, the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 may further include a first adjustment lever 441 and a first driving member (not shown in the drawings), the first adjustment lever 441 being hinged to the first heating plate 411, and the first driving member being connected to the first adjustment lever 441 so as to drive the first heating plate 411 to move (pivot) by the first adjustment lever 441.

Whereby the first driving member can drive the first heating plate 411 and the first heating member 413 to move according to a predetermined program through the first adjustment lever 441, so that it can be further ensured that the first heating plate 411 and the first heating member 413 move in synchronization with the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2, so as to further ensure that the distance of the first heating member 413 from the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2 remains unchanged.

In addition, the first adjustment lever 441 may be replaced with a hanging chain or a hanging rope, and the first heating plate 411 is moved downward by its own weight, and the first driving member may drive the first heating plate 411 to move upward by the hanging chain or the hanging rope.

Preferably, the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 may further include a first hinge support 471, the first hinge support 471 may be provided on the first heating plate 411, and the first adjustment lever 441 may be hinged with the first hinge support 471. The structures of the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending device 40 can be more reasonable.

As shown in fig. 9, the first heating member 413 may be a first heating pipe, the second heating member 414 may be a second heating pipe, and the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass heat bending apparatus 40 may further include a first connection plate 451. The first connection plate 451 is sleeved on each of the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe, and one of the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe is rotatably arranged relative to the first connection plate 451. The structures of the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending device 40 can be more reasonable.

Preferably, the first heating pipe is rotatably disposed with respect to the first connection plate 451, and the first connection plate 451 is disposed on the second heating plate 412. More preferably, the first connection plate 451 is welded to the second heating plate 412. The upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 can be more firmly constructed.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in a second example of the present invention, the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 may further include a third heating plate 415 and a third heating member 416. A third heating plate 415 may be located between the first heating plate 411 and the second heating plate 412, the third heating plate 415 being hinged to each of the first heating plate 411 and the second heating plate 412. For example, the third heating plate 415 may be positioned between the first heating plate 411 and the second heating plate 412 in the horizontal direction. The third heating element 416 may be provided on the third heating plate 415 or within the third heating plate 415.

When the bending amplitude of the preset portion of the glass sheet 2 is large, the first heating member 413 and the third heating member 416 can be moved more conveniently and more easily in synchronization with the preset portion of the glass sheet 2 by providing the third heating plate 415, so as to further ensure that the distance of the first heating member 413 and the third heating member 416 from the preset portion of the glass sheet 2 remains unchanged.

Preferably, a first avoidance gap 4111 may be provided on a portion of the first heating plate 411 adjacent to the third heating plate 415, a second avoidance gap 4151 may be provided on a portion of the third heating plate 415 adjacent to the first heating plate 411, and a third avoidance gap 4152 may be provided on a portion of the third heating plate 415 adjacent to the second heating plate 412. It is thereby possible to avoid the third heating plate 415 and the second heating plate 412 from interfering with each other, and the first heating plate 411 and the third heating plate 415 from interfering with each other when the third heating plate 415 is pivoted with respect to the second heating plate 412 and the first heating plate 411 is pivoted with respect to the second heating plate 412 and the third heating plate 415.

More preferably, the first escape notch 4111 may be provided at a lower portion of the first heating plate 411, the second escape notch 4151 may be provided at a lower portion of the third heating plate 415, and the third escape notch 4152 may be provided at a lower portion of the third heating plate 415. Thereby, the third heating plate 415 and the second heating plate 412 can be further prevented from interfering with each other, and the first heating plate 411 and the third heating plate 415 can be further prevented from interfering with each other.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in a third example of the present invention, the third heating plate 415 may be plural, and the plural third heating plates 415 may be located between the first heating plate 411 and the second heating plate 412. Wherein, a plurality of third heating plates 415 may be sequentially hinged, one of the plurality of third heating plates 415 may be hinged with the first heating plate 411, and another of the plurality of third heating plates 415 may be hinged with the second heating plate 412.

For example, the plurality of third heating plates 415 may be located between the first heating plate 411 and the second heating plate 412 in the left-right direction, which is shown by an arrow D in fig. 1 and 7. The leftmost third heating plate 415 may be hinged with the first heating plate 411, and the rightmost third heating plate 415 may be hinged with the second heating plate 412.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 may further include a second adjustment lever 442 and a second driving member (not shown in the drawings), the second adjustment lever 442 may be hinged with the third heating plate 415, and the second driving member may be connected with the second adjustment lever 442 to drive the third heating plate 415 to move (pivot) by the second adjustment lever 442.

Whereby the second driving member can drive the third heating plate 415 and the third heating member 416 to move according to a predetermined program through the second adjusting lever 442, thereby further ensuring that the third heating plate 415 and the third heating member 416 move in synchronization with the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2 so as to further ensure that the distance of the third heating member 416 from the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2 remains unchanged.

In addition, the second adjusting lever 442 may be replaced with a hanging chain or a hanging rope, in which case the third heating plate 415 moves downward under its own weight, and the second driving member may drive the third heating plate 415 to move upward through the hanging chain or the hanging rope.

Preferably, the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 may further include a second hinge seat 472, the second hinge seat 472 may be provided on the third heating plate 415, and the second adjustment lever 442 may be hinged with the second hinge seat 472. The structures of the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending device 40 can be more reasonable.

As shown in fig. 6, the first heating member 413 may be a first heating tube, the second heating member 414 may be a second heating tube, the third heating member 416 may be a third heating tube, and the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass heat bending device 40 further include a second connection plate 452 and a third connection plate 453.

The second connecting plate 452 is sleeved on each of the second heating pipe and the third heating pipe, and one of the second heating pipe and the third heating pipe is rotatably arranged relative to the second connecting plate 452. A third connection plate 453 is sleeved on each of the first heating pipe and the third heating pipe, and one of the first heating pipe and the third heating pipe is rotatably disposed with respect to the third connection plate 453. The structures of the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending device 40 can be more reasonable. Preferably, the first heating pipe is rotatably disposed with respect to the third connection plate 453, the second heating pipe is rotatably disposed with respect to the second connection plate 452, the third connection plate 453 is disposed on the third heating plate 415, and the second connection plate 452 is disposed on the third connection plate 453. Further preferably, the third connection plate 453 is welded to the third heating plate 415, and the second connection plate 452 is welded to the third connection plate 453. The upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 can be more firmly constructed.

As shown in fig. 4, 5, 10 and 11, in a fourth example of the present invention, the first heating plate 411 may be two, and the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 further include a fourth heating plate 417 and a fourth heating member 418, and the fourth heating member 418 is provided on the fourth heating plate 417 or provided within the fourth heating plate 417.

The second heating plate 412 is located between the third heating plate 415 and the fourth heating plate 417. The third heating plate 415 is located between the second heating plate 412 and one of the first heating plates 411, and the third heating plate 415 is hinged to each of the second heating plate 412 and one of the first heating plates 411. The fourth heating plate 417 is located between the second heating plate 412 and the other first heating plate 411, and the fourth heating plate 417 is hinged to each of the second heating plate 412 and the other first heating plate 411. The upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass heat bending apparatus 40 can thereby heat the glass sheet 2 having two of the preset portions (two portions to be heat bent).

The connection manner of the fourth heating plate 417, the second heating plate 412 and the other first heating plate 411 is the same as that of the first heating plate 411, the second heating plate 412 and the third heating plate 415 described above, and will not be described in detail herein.

Whether or not the third heating plate 415, the fourth heating plate 417, and the number of the third heating plates 415, the number of the fourth heating plates 417 are provided may be determined according to the shape of the 3D glass product 3 to be formed.

Preferably, a fourth avoidance gap 4112 is provided on a portion of the other first heating plate 411 adjacent to the fourth heating plate 417, a fifth avoidance gap 4171 is provided on a portion of the fourth heating plate 417 adjacent to the other first heating plate 411, and a sixth avoidance gap 4172 is provided on a portion of the fourth heating plate 417 adjacent to the second heating plate 412. It is thereby possible to avoid the fourth heating plate 417 and the second heating plate 412 from interfering with each other and the fourth heating plate 417 and the other first heating plate 411 from interfering with each other when the fourth heating plate 417 is pivoted with respect to the second heating plate 412 and the other first heating plate 411 is pivoted with respect to the second heating plate 412 and the fourth heating plate 417.

More preferably, the fourth escape notch 4112 is provided at a lower portion of the other first heating plate 411, the fifth escape notch 4171 is provided at a lower portion of the fourth heating plate 417, and the sixth escape notch 4172 is provided at a lower portion of the fourth heating plate 417. Thereby, it is possible to further avoid the fourth heating plate 417 and the second heating plate 412 from interfering with each other, and the fourth heating plate 417 and the other first heating plate 411 from interfering with each other.

Preferably, the fourth heating plate 417 may be a plurality of the fourth heating plates 417 located between the second heating plate 412 and another first heating plate 411. Wherein, a plurality of fourth heating plates 417 are sequentially hinged, one of the plurality of fourth heating plates 417 is hinged with the second heating plate 412, and another one of the plurality of fourth heating plates 417 is hinged with another first heating plate 411.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass heat bending apparatus 40 may further include a third adjusting lever 443 and a third driving member (not shown in the drawings), the third adjusting lever 443 being hinged with the fourth heating plate 417, and the third driving member being connected with the third adjusting lever 443 so as to drive the fourth heating plate 417 to move (pivot) through the third adjusting lever 443.

Whereby the third driving member can drive the fourth heating plate 417 and the fourth heating member 418 to move according to a predetermined program through the third adjusting lever 443, so that it can be further ensured that the fourth heating plate 417 and the fourth heating member 418 move in synchronization with the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2, so as to further ensure that the distance of the fourth heating member 418 from the predetermined portion of the glass sheet 2 remains unchanged.

In addition, the third adjusting lever 443 may be replaced with a hanging chain or a hanging rope, at which time the fourth heating plate 417 is moved downward by its own weight, and the third driving member may drive the fourth heating plate 417 to be moved upward by the hanging chain or the hanging rope.

Preferably, the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 further include a third hinge seat 473, the third hinge seat 473 being provided on the fourth heating plate 417, the third adjusting lever 443 being hinged to the third hinge seat 473. The structures of the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending device 40 can be more reasonable.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending apparatus 40 further include a fourth driving member 461, and the fourth driving member 461 is connected to the second heating plate 412 so as to drive the second heating plate 412 to move up and down.

When the glass plate 2 needs to be subjected to hot bending, the fourth driving piece 461 drives the second heating plate 412 to move downwards, so as to drive the first heating plate 411 (the third heating plate 415 and the fourth heating plate 417) to move downwards; when the hot bending is completed, the fourth driving member 461 drives the second heating plate 412 to move upward, thereby driving the first heating plate 411 (the third heating plate 415, the fourth heating plate 417) to move upward. Whereby the glass sheet can be more conveniently and easily placed on the graphite mold 430 and the 3D glass article 3 can be removed from the graphite mold 430.

Preferably, the fourth driving member 461 is located outside the furnace body 10, thereby making the structure of the 3D glass heat bender 1 more reasonable.

As shown in fig. 7, the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass heat bending apparatus 40 further include a first mounting plate 462, a second mounting plate 463, and a guide post 464. The first mounting plate 462 is provided on the second heating plate 412, the second mounting plate 463 is located above the first mounting plate 462, and the fourth driving member 461 is connected to the second mounting plate 463. The lower end of the guide post 464 is connected to the first mounting plate 462, the guide post 464 is connected to the second mounting plate 463, and a portion of the guide post 464 passes through the furnace body 10 and protrudes upward out of the furnace body 10. The structures of the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending device 40 can be more reasonable.

Preferably, a first mounting plate 462 is provided on an upper surface of the second heating plate 412, and an upper end portion of the guide post 464 is connected to the second mounting plate 463. More preferably, the guide posts 464 may be a plurality, with the plurality of guide posts 464 being spaced apart. The structures of the upper heating module 410 and the 3D glass hot bending device 40 can be more reasonable.

The second cooling element 480 is provided to be movable up and down between a disengaged position, in which the second cooling element 480 may be spaced apart from the second heating plate 412, and a cooling position, in which the second cooling element 480 may be in contact with the second heating plate 412. For example, the second cooling member 480 may be driven to move up and down by an air cylinder, an electric cylinder, or the like.

The second cooling element 480 may be used to controllably reduce the furnace temperature. As shown in fig. 3, the second cooling member 480 may include a cooling water bag 481, a flow detector 482 for controlling the inflow amount, and a temperature detector for measuring the return water temperature. The cooling water bag 481 is provided to be movable up and down between the disengaged position, where the cooling water bag 481 may be spaced apart from the second heating plate 412, and the cooling position, where the cooling water bag 481 may be in contact with the second heating plate 412. For example, the cooling water bag 481 may be driven to move up and down by an air cylinder 483, an electric cylinder, or the like.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A 3D glass hot bending apparatus (40), characterized by comprising:

An upper heating plate (419) and a lower heating plate (421), wherein an air suction channel (4211) is arranged on the lower heating plate (421), and an upper port of the air suction channel (4211) is arranged on the upper surface (4212) of the lower heating plate (421); -the suction channels (4211) are a plurality, a plurality of the suction channels (4211) constituting a plurality of suction channel groups, each of the suction channel groups comprising a plurality of the suction channels (4211), wherein a plurality of the suction channel groups are arranged at intervals along one of the lateral and longitudinal directions of the lower heating plate (421), a plurality of the suction channels (4211) of each of the suction channel groups are arranged at intervals along the other of the lateral and longitudinal directions of the lower heating plate (421);

a graphite mold (430), wherein the porosity of the graphite mold (430) is more than or equal to 12%, the graphite mold (430) is arranged on the upper surface (4212) of the lower heating plate (421), and the graphite mold (430) is positioned below the upper heating plate (419);

a vacuum generator, wherein an extraction opening of the vacuum generator is communicated with the extraction channel (4211);

an inert gas source; and

a switching valve having a first opening in switchable communication with one of the second and third openings, wherein the first opening is in communication with the pumping channel (4211), the second opening is in communication with a pumping port of the vacuum generator, and a third opening is in communication with the inert gas source;

A groove (4213) is formed in the upper surface (4212) of the lower heating plate (421), and an upper port of the air suction channel (4211) is formed in the bottom wall surface of the groove (4213);

the lower port of the air suction channel (4211) is arranged on the lower surface of the lower heating plate (421);

the shape of the lower surface of the graphite mold (430) is adapted to the shape of the upper surface (4212) of the lower heating plate (421).

2. The 3D glass hot bending apparatus (40) according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the graphite mold (430) is 40% or less.

3. The 3D glass hot bending apparatus (40) according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the graphite mold (430) is 15% or more and 30% or less.

4. The 3D glass hot bending apparatus (40) according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the graphite mold (430) is 18% or more and 25% or less.

5. The 3D glass hot bending apparatus (40) according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the graphite mold (430) is 23%.

6. A 3D glass hot bending method implemented with a 3D glass hot bending device (40) according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:

A) Placing a glass sheet on an upper surface of a graphite mold (430) of the 3D glass hot bending apparatus (40);

b) Heating the glass sheet with an upper heating plate (419) and a lower heating plate (421) of the 3D glass heat bending apparatus (40), the glass sheet being heat bent and attached to an upper surface of the graphite mold (430) so as to form a 3D glass product;

c) Before, after or simultaneously with performing said step B), providing an inert gas and turning on a vacuum generator of said 3D glass hot bending device (40) to evacuate;

d) Continuously introducing inert gas, reducing the temperature of the 3D glass product, and closing the vacuum generator after the temperature of the 3D glass product is reduced to be lower than the strain point temperature of the 3D glass product; and

e) Inert gas is supplied to the graphite mold (430) through a suction passage (4211) of the lower heating plate (421) by using an inert gas source of the 3D glass hot bending device (40), and then the 3D glass product is removed from the graphite mold (430).

7. The 3D glass hot bending method according to claim 6, wherein the glass sheet is heated to a first preset temperature by the upper heating plate (419) and the lower heating plate (421), the first preset temperature being less than a softening point temperature of the glass sheet and greater than a deformation point temperature of the glass sheet.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the difference between the softening point temperature and the first preset temperature is less than or equal to a preset value.