CN108814701B - Centering type anti-loosening bone nail for orthopedic surgery - Google Patents
Centering type anti-loosening bone nail for orthopedic surgery Download PDFInfo
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- CN108814701B CN108814701B CN201810335848.8A CN201810335848A CN108814701B CN 108814701 B CN108814701 B CN 108814701B CN 201810335848 A CN201810335848 A CN 201810335848A CN 108814701 B CN108814701 B CN 108814701B
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- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241001079814 Symphyotrichum pilosum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000004224 Typha angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000425571 Trepanes Species 0.000 claims 3
- 208000006670 Multiple fractures Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 206010016454 Femur fracture Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000024779 Comminuted Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000028389 Nerve injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008764 nerve damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
- A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
- A61B17/8625—Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
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- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a centering anti-loose bone nail for orthopedic surgery, which comprises a screwing section, a fixing section, an expansion piece and a rotating piece, the tightening section is used for receiving external tightening force, the fixing section is used for fixing broken bones, the rotating piece is sleeved on the tightening section and provides expansion force for the expansion piece, the expansion piece expands under the action of the expansion force, the tightening section comprises a head part and a threaded rod, the threaded rod is coaxially and fixedly connected with the head part, the threaded rod can be divided into three parts which are respectively a threaded section a, a smooth section and a threaded section b in sequence, the fixing section comprises a nail rod which is of a cylindrical structure coaxially arranged with the threaded rod, a plurality of locking bulges uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the nail rod are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the nail rod, and a movable connecting piece is arranged between the nail rod and the smooth section of the threaded rod, and the nail rod is arranged on the smooth section of the threaded rod through the movable connecting piece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bone nail for fixing a broken bone of a fracture patient and a steel plate.
Background
The femur is called as a femur, femur fracture can be caused by violent direct striking, falling from a high place, vehicle impact, rolling and the like, when the femur fracture occurs, the lower limb cannot move, the fracture part is seriously swollen and painful, deformity such as distortion or angulation can also occur, the length of the lower limb can be shortened sometimes, if open wounds exist at the same time, the disease condition is more serious, a patient can be shocked frequently, the femur is the largest bone of the whole body, serious complications such as patient hemorrhage and nerve injury can be caused if the femur is not treated in time after fracture, the fracture fixation in the prior art generally adopts steel plate internal fixation, in the steel plate fixation process, if an error exists in alignment between a through hole arranged on a steel plate and a drill hole arranged on the fractured bone, the steel plate is insecure, the loosening phenomenon can occur in the later period, and the rehabilitation of the patient is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-centering bone nail, which is used to solve the problems of the error in alignment between the steel plate and the fractured bone and the infirm fixation of the steel plate mentioned in the above background.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
The centering type anti-loosening bone nail for the orthopedic surgery comprises a tightening section, a fixing section, an expansion piece and a rotating piece, wherein the tightening section is used for receiving external tightening force and rotating under the action of the tightening force, the fixing section is in contact with a through hole of a broken bone and is used for fixing the broken bone, the rotating piece is sleeved on the tightening section, rotates and pulls the rotating piece to move synchronously, the rotating piece is used for providing the expansion force for the expansion piece, and the expansion piece expands under the action of the expansion force and is used for automatically centering and fixing the broken bone;
the tightening section comprises a head and a threaded rod, the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the head, the head and the threaded rod are coaxially arranged, the head receives external tightening force and rotates under the action of the tightening force, the head rotates and pulls the threaded rod to synchronously rotate, the threaded rod can be divided into three parts, namely a threaded section a fixedly connected with the head, a smooth section far away from the head and a threaded section b positioned between the smooth section and the threaded section a, and the thread turning direction of the threaded section a is opposite to that of the threaded section b;
the fixed section include the nail pole, the nail pole be with the coaxial cylinder structure who arranges of threaded rod, the excircle face of nail pole is provided with a plurality of along nail pole circumferencial direction evenly distributed's locking arch and the bellied extending direction of locking is on a parallel with the axial of nail pole, the smooth section of nail pole and threaded rod between be provided with swing joint spare and the nail pole passes through swing joint spare and installs in the smooth section of threaded rod.
As a further improvement of the present solution.
The center of the end surface of the nail rod, which is far away from the threaded rod, is provided with a mounting groove a, the center of the end surface of the nail rod, which is close to the threaded rod, is provided with a mounting groove b, the center of the area between the groove bottom of the mounting groove a and the groove bottom of the mounting groove b is provided with a mounting hole a communicated with the mounting groove a and the mounting groove b, and the mounting hole a, the mounting groove a and the mounting groove b are coaxially arranged;
the smooth section of threaded rod keep away from the terminal surface center department of head and be provided with the screw hole to the excircle face of smooth section is provided with external step, the smooth section of threaded rod pass mounting groove b and be located mounting hole an, and set up in the external step of smooth section surface and the tank bottom of mounting groove b contradict and smooth section can rotate around self axis in mounting hole a, swing joint spare be with screw hole assorted screw, the screw pass mounting groove an and install in the threaded hole and the head of screw and the tank bottom of mounting groove a contradict.
As a further improvement of the present solution.
The rotating piece comprises a rotating block a and a rotating block b, the rotating block a and the rotating block b are consistent in appearance and can be divided into a circular table section and a cylindrical section, the large end of the circular table section is fixedly connected with the cylindrical section, the circular table section and the cylindrical section are coaxially arranged, a fixed guide plate is vertically arranged on the outer circular surface of the circular table section, and the extending direction of the fixed guide plate is parallel to the axial direction of the circular table section;
the end face center of the cylindrical section of the rotating block a is coaxially provided with a trepanning a which penetrates through the height of the cylindrical section and the height of the circular truncated cone section, the trepanning a is matched with the threaded section a, the rotating block a is sleeved outside the threaded section a through the trepanning a, the circular truncated cone section of the rotating block a is far away from the head, the cylindrical section is close to the head, the end face center of the cylindrical section of the rotating block b is coaxially provided with a trepanning b which penetrates through the height of the cylindrical section and the height of the circular truncated cone section, the trepanning b is matched with the threaded section b, the rotating block b is sleeved outside the threaded section b through the trepanning b, the circular truncated cone section of the rotating block b is close to the head, the cylindrical section is far.
As a further improvement of the present solution.
The expansion piece comprises an expansion pipe made of elastic materials, the expansion pipe is of a cylindrical barrel structure with openings at two ends, friction grains are arranged on the outer circular surface of the expansion pipe, a fixing groove communicated with an expansion inner cavity arranged in the expansion piece and penetrating through the length of the expansion pipe is formed in the outer circular surface of the expansion pipe, the expansion inner cavity of the expansion pipe can be divided into three parts, namely a guide section a, a guide section b and an expansion section which is located between the guide section a and the guide section b and is of a cylindrical structure, the guide section a is of a circular truncated cone structure matched with the circular truncated cone section of the rotation block a, the small end of the guide section a is connected with the expansion section, the guide section b is of a circular truncated cone structure matched with the circular cone section of the rotation block b, the small end of the guide section b is connected with the expansion section, the expansion pipe is sleeved outside the threaded rod, and one opening end of the expansion pipe is sleeved outside the circular truncated cone section of the rotation block a through the guide section, The other opening is sleeved outside the circular truncated cone section of the rotating block b through the guide section b, and the fixed guide plates arranged on the rotating block a and the rotating block b are located in the fixed groove.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the steel plate and the broken bone of the patient are fixed by matching the rotating piece and the expansion piece, so that various problems in the process of fixing the broken bone of the patient can be solved, for example, if the alignment precision between the through hole arranged on the steel plate and the drilled hole arranged on the broken bone is low, the expansion piece can automatically complete the centering alignment between the steel plate and the broken bone in the expansion process, so that the fixation between the steel plate and the broken bone is more stable, the steel plate and the broken bone are not easy to loosen, and the invention is beneficial to the recovery of the patient.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following embodiments will be provided
The drawings that need to be used are briefly introduced, it being clear that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that further drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a view of the tightening segment, the rotating member, and the expansion member of the present invention in combination.
Fig. 4 is a view of the tightening segment of the present invention in cooperation with a rotating member.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the rotating member of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the swelling member of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the tightening and fixing segments of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the fixing section of the present invention.
The various reference numbers in the figures mean:
100. screwing down the section; 110. a head portion; 120. a threaded rod; 121. a threaded section a; 122. a threaded section b;
200. a fixed section; 210. a screw; 220. a nut; 230. fixing the guide rod; 240. a nail rod; 250. a screw; 260. a threaded hole;
300. an expansion member; 310. fixing grooves; 320. an inflation lumen;
400. a rotating member; 410. a circular table section; 420. a cylindrical section; 430. and fixing the guide plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the centering type anti-loosening bone nail for the orthopedic surgery comprises a tightening section 100, a fixing section 200, an expansion member 300 and a rotating member 400, wherein the tightening section 100 is used for receiving external tightening force and rotating under the tightening force, the fixing section 200 is in contact with a through hole of a fractured bone and is used for fixing the fractured bone, the rotating member 400 is sleeved on the tightening section 100, the tightening section 100 rotates and pulls the rotating member 400 to move synchronously, the rotating member 400 is used for providing expansion force for the expansion member 300, and the expansion member 300 expands under the expansion force and is used for automatically centering and fixing the fractured bone.
The bone nail adopted by the invention has the advantages that the fixation between the steel plate and the broken bone of the patient is completed by adopting the matching of the rotating piece and the expansion piece, so that the problems in the process of fixing the broken bone of the patient can be solved, for example, if the alignment precision between the through hole arranged on the steel plate and the drilled hole arranged on the broken bone is low, the expansion piece can automatically complete the centering alignment between the steel plate and the broken bone in the expansion process, so that the fixation between the steel plate and the broken bone is more stable and is not easy to loosen, and the bone nail is beneficial to the recovery of the patient.
As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the tightening segment 100 includes a head 110, a threaded rod 120, the threaded rod 120 is fixedly connected to the head 110, the head 110 and the threaded rod 120 are coaxially arranged, the head 110 receives an external tightening force and rotates under the tightening force, the head 110 rotates and pulls the threaded rod 120 to rotate synchronously, the threaded rod 120 is divided into three parts, and is respectively a threaded segment a121 fixedly connected to the head 110, a smooth segment far away from the head 110, and a threaded segment b122 located between the smooth segment and the threaded segment a121, and the thread direction of the threaded segment a121 is opposite to the thread direction of the threaded segment b 122.
More specifically, in order to make head 110 receive external tightening force more easily and rotate under the tightening force effect, head 110 the terminal surface of keeping away from threaded rod 120 be provided with the tightening hole, preferably, the tightening hole be the hexagon, the master worker can use allen key to exert the tightening force to head 110, convenient operation.
As shown in fig. 4 to 5, the rotating element 400 includes a rotating block a and a rotating block b, the rotating block a and the rotating block b have the same shape and are divided into a circular truncated cone section 410 and a cylindrical section 420, specifically, the large end of the circular truncated cone section 410 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical section 420, the circular truncated cone section 410 and the cylindrical section 420 are coaxially arranged, a fixed guide plate 430 is vertically arranged on the outer circular surface of the circular truncated cone section 410, and the extending direction of the fixed guide plate 430 is parallel to the axial direction of the circular truncated cone section 410.
The center of the end face of the cylindrical section 420 of the rotating block a is coaxially provided with a sleeve hole a which penetrates through the height of the cylindrical section 420 and the height of the circular truncated cone section 410, the sleeve hole a is matched with the threaded section a121, the rotating block a is sleeved outside the threaded section a121 through the sleeve hole a, the circular truncated cone section 410 of the rotating block a is far away from the head 110, the cylindrical section 420 is close to the head 110, the center of the end face of the cylindrical section 420 of the rotating block b is coaxially provided with a sleeve hole b which penetrates through the height of the cylindrical section 420 and the height of the circular truncated cone section 410, the sleeve hole b is matched with the threaded section b122, the rotating block b is sleeved outside the threaded section b122 through the sleeve hole b, the circular truncated cone section 410 of the rotating block b is close to the head 110, the cylindrical section 420 is far away from the head.
Because the rotating block a and the rotating block b are mounted on the threaded rod 120 in a threaded sleeve manner and the thread directions of the threaded section a121 and the threaded section b122 are opposite, in order to enable the rotating block a and the rotating block b to be smoothly mounted on the threaded rod 120, the diameter of the threaded section b122 is smaller than that of the threaded section a 121; the installation process of the rotating member 400 is embodied as follows: because the trepanning a of the rotating block a is matched with the threaded section a121 and the diameter of the threaded section b122 is smaller than that of the threaded section a121, the rotating block a can smoothly pass through the threaded section b122 and is sleeved outside the threaded section a121, after the rotating block a is installed, the rotating block b is sleeved outside the threaded section b122, and the rotating piece 400 is installed completely.
As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the expansion member 300 includes an expansion tube made of an elastic material, the expansion tube is a cylindrical tube structure with two open ends, friction grains are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the expansion tube, a fixing groove 310 which is communicated with an expansion cavity 320 arranged in the expansion member 300 and penetrates the length of the expansion tube is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the expansion tube, the expansion cavity 320 of the expansion tube is divided into three parts, which are respectively a guide section a, a guide section b and an expansion section which is located between the guide section a and the guide section b and has a cylindrical structure, the guide section a is a circular truncated cone structure matched with the circular truncated cone section 410 of the rotation block a, the small end of the guide section a is connected with the expansion section, the guide section b is a circular truncated cone structure matched with the circular truncated cone section 410 of the rotation block b, the small end of the guide section b is connected with the expansion section, and the expansion tube is sleeved outside the threaded rod 120, specifically, one open end of the expansion pipe is sleeved outside the circular truncated cone section 410 of the rotating block a through the guide section a, the other open end of the expansion pipe is sleeved outside the circular truncated cone section 410 of the rotating block b through the guide section b, and the fixed guide plates 430 arranged on the rotating block a and the rotating block b are both located in the fixing groove 310; the expansion process of the expansion pipe is characterized in that: when the bone nail is placed in the through hole of the fractured bone, the expansion pipe cannot rotate in the through hole of the fractured bone due to friction lines arranged on the outer circular surface of the expansion pipe, the rotary block a and the rotary block b cannot rotate and can only move along the axial direction of the expansion pipe due to the fact that the fixed guide plates 430 arranged on the rotary block a and the rotary block b are both positioned in the fixed groove 310, the head 110 receives external tightening force and rotates under the action of the tightening force, the head 110 rotates and pulls the threaded rod 120 to synchronously rotate, and the threaded rod 120 rotates and pulls the rotary block a and the rotary block b to move oppositely along the axial direction of the expansion pipe due to the fact that the rotary block a and the rotary block b cannot rotate, and in the movement process, the expansion pipe is gradually and uniformly propped open by the rotary piece 400, and the expansion pipe is expanded; the expansion pipe is uniformly expanded outwards, so that the through hole of the broken bone can move in the expansion process of the expansion pipe if the through hole of the broken bone is not coaxially centered and aligned, and the purpose of automatic centering is achieved.
(first embodiment)
As shown in fig. 7, the fixing section 200 includes a nail shaft 240, the nail shaft 240 has a cylindrical structure coaxially arranged with the threaded rod 120, the outer circumferential surface of the nail shaft 240 is provided with a plurality of locking protrusions uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the nail shaft 240, the extending direction of the locking protrusions is parallel to the axial direction of the nail shaft 240, a movable connecting member is arranged between the nail shaft 240 and the smooth section of the threaded rod 120, and the nail shaft 240 is mounted on the smooth section of the threaded rod 120 through the movable connecting member.
The screw rod 240 is provided with a mounting groove a at the center of the end face far away from the threaded rod 120, the screw rod 240 is provided with a mounting groove b at the center of the end face near the threaded rod 120, a mounting hole a communicated with the mounting groove a and the mounting groove b is formed in the center of the area between the groove bottom of the mounting groove a and the groove bottom of the mounting groove b, and the mounting hole a, the mounting groove a and the mounting groove b are coaxially arranged.
The smooth section of the threaded rod 120 is provided with a threaded hole 260 at the center of the end face away from the head 110, the outer circular surface of the smooth section is provided with an external step, the smooth section of the threaded rod 120 passes through the mounting groove b and is positioned in the mounting hole a, the external step arranged on the outer surface of the smooth section is abutted against the groove bottom of the mounting groove b, the smooth section can rotate around the axis of the smooth section in the mounting hole a, the movable connecting piece is a screw 250 matched with the threaded hole 260, the screw 250 passes through the mounting groove a and is mounted in the threaded hole 260, and the head of the screw 250 is abutted against the groove bottom of the mounting groove a; the mating process between nail shaft 240 and threaded shaft 120 is embodied as: when the bone nail was placed in the through-hole of disconnected bone, because the outer disc of nail pole 240 is provided with the locking arch, make nail pole 240 be fixed in the through-hole, again because the smooth section of threaded rod 120 can rotate around self axis in mounting hole a, make threaded rod 120 rotate not influenced by nail pole 240, in addition, when nail pole 240 is fixed in the through-hole of disconnected bone, because the external step of smooth section surface is contradicted with the tank bottom of mounting groove b, the head of screw 250 is contradicted with the tank bottom of mounting groove a, make screwing up section 100 can only rotate and can't follow the axial motion of through-hole in the through-hole of disconnected bone.
The during operation of bone nail, place the bone nail in setting up in the through-hole of steel sheet and setting up in the drilling of patient's broken bone, because the outer disc of nail pole 240 is provided with the locking arch, make nail pole 240 be fixed in the drilling of broken bone, again because be connected through screw 250 between nail pole 240 and the threaded rod 120, make the section 100 of screwing up can only rotate and can't follow the axial motion of through-hole in the through-hole of steel sheet, simultaneously because the outer disc of expansion pipe is provided with friction line, make the expansion pipe unable rotation in the through-hole of steel sheet.
The tightening force is applied to the tightening section 100 through an internal hexagonal wrench, the head 110 receives the tightening force and drives the threaded rod 120 to rotate under the action of the tightening force, the fixed guide plates 430 arranged on the rotating block a and the rotating block b are both positioned in the fixed groove 310, so that the rotating block a and the rotating block b cannot rotate and can only move along the axial direction of the expansion pipe, the threaded rod 120 rotates and pulls the rotating block a and the rotating block b to move oppositely along the axial direction of the expansion pipe, in the moving process, the expansion pipe is gradually and uniformly stretched outwards by the rotating piece 300, the expansion pipe is expanded, when the cylindrical sections 420 of the rotating block a and the rotating block b move into the inner cavity of the expansion section of the expansion pipe, the tightening force applied to the tightening section 100 is stopped, and at the same time, the fracture patient finishes the fixation of the steel plate.
The method for fixing the broken bone of the fracture patient by adopting the embedded screw comprises the following steps:
s1: completing alignment between the through hole arranged on the steel plate and the drill hole arranged on the broken bone of the patient, and placing the bone nail in the through hole arranged on the steel plate and the drill hole arranged on the broken bone of the patient; the bone nail comprises a tightening section 100, a fixing section 200, an expansion part 300 and a rotating part 400, wherein the tightening section 100 comprises a head 110 and a threaded rod 120, the threaded rod 120 is fixedly connected to the head 110, the head 110 and the threaded rod 120 are coaxially arranged, the threaded rod 120 can be divided into three parts, namely a threaded section a121 fixedly connected with the head 110, a smooth section far away from the head 110 and a threaded section b122 positioned between the smooth section and the threaded section a121, the thread turning direction of the threaded section a121 is opposite to the thread turning direction of the threaded section b122, the rotating part 400 comprises a rotating block a and a rotating block b, the rotating block a is sleeved outside the threaded section a121, the rotating block b is sleeved outside the threaded section b122, the expansion part 300 comprises an expansion pipe made of an elastic material, the expansion pipe is of a cylindrical barrel structure with openings at two ends, and friction threads are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the expansion pipe, one opening end of the expansion pipe is sleeved outside the rotating block a, the other opening end of the expansion pipe is sleeved outside the rotating block b, the fixed section 200 comprises a nail rod 240, the nail rod 240 is of a cylindrical structure coaxially arranged with the threaded rod 120, a plurality of locking protrusions uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the nail rod 240 are arranged on the outer circular surface of the nail rod 240, the extending direction of the locking protrusions is parallel to the axial direction of the nail rod 240, a movable connecting piece is arranged between the nail rod 240 and the smooth section of the threaded rod 120, and the nail rod 240 is installed on the smooth section of the threaded rod 120 through the movable connecting piece; when the bone nail is placed in the through hole of the steel plate and the drill hole of the broken bone of the patient, the nail rod 240 is fixed in the drill hole of the broken bone due to the locking bulge arranged on the outer circular surface of the nail rod 240, the tightening section 100 can only rotate in the through hole of the steel plate and cannot move axially along the through hole due to the connection between the nail rod 240 and the threaded rod 120 through the movable connecting piece, and meanwhile, the expansion pipe cannot rotate in the through hole of the steel plate due to the friction grains arranged on the outer circular surface of the expansion pipe;
s2: the tightening force is applied to the tightening section 100 through an internal hexagonal wrench, the head 110 receives the tightening force and drives the threaded rod 120 to rotate under the action of the tightening force, the threaded rod 120 rotates and pulls the rotating blocks a and b to move oppositely along the axial direction of the expansion pipe, in the moving process, the expansion pipe is gradually and uniformly stretched outwards by the rotating blocks a and b, the expansion pipe is expanded, when the rotating blocks a and b move into the expansion inner cavity 320 of the expansion pipe, the tightening force is stopped being applied to the tightening section 100, and at the moment, the fracture patient completes steel plate fixation.
(second embodiment)
The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment mainly in the structure of the fixing segment 200.
As shown in fig. 8, the fixing segment 200 includes a screw rod 210 and a nut 220 matched with the screw rod 210, the screw rod 210 is a cylindrical structure coaxially arranged with the threaded rod 120, the nut 220 is sleeved outside the screw rod 210, a movable connecting member is arranged between the screw rod 210 and the smooth segment of the threaded rod 120, and the screw rod 210 is installed on the smooth segment of the threaded rod 120 through the movable connecting member.
The screw 210 is provided with mounting groove c in the center of the end face far away from the threaded rod 120, the screw 210 is provided with mounting groove d in the center of the end face near the threaded rod 120, mounting hole b communicated with the mounting groove c and the mounting groove d is arranged in the center of the area between the groove bottom of the mounting groove a and the groove bottom of the mounting groove b, and the mounting hole b, the mounting groove c and the mounting groove d are coaxially arranged.
A threaded hole 260 is formed in the center, away from the head 110, of the end face of the smooth section of the threaded rod 120, an external step is arranged on the outer circular surface of the smooth section, the smooth section of the threaded rod 120 penetrates through the mounting groove d and is positioned in the mounting hole b, the external step arranged on the outer surface of the smooth section is abutted against the groove bottom of the mounting groove d, the smooth section can rotate around the axis of the smooth section in the mounting hole b, the movable connecting piece is a screw 250 matched with the threaded hole 260, the screw 250 penetrates through the mounting groove c and is mounted in the threaded hole 260, and the head of the screw 250 is abutted against the groove bottom of the mounting groove c; because the smooth section of threaded rod 120 can rotate around self axis in mounting hole b for threaded rod 120 rotates and is not influenced by screw rod 210, in addition, because the external step of smooth section surface is contradicted with the tank bottom of mounting groove d, the head of screw 250 contradicts with the tank bottom of mounting groove c, draws screw rod 210 synchronous motion when making threaded rod 120 follow the through-hole axial motion of disconnected bone.
After the inflation is accomplished to the expansion pipe, need swivel nut 220 to make its motion of being close to disconnected bone, stop rotatoryly when it closely contradicts with disconnected bone, because be normal running fit between screw rod 210 and the threaded rod 120, workman master need restriction screw rod 210's rotation during swivel nut 220, in addition, normal running fit between screw rod 210 and the threaded rod 120 still can cause the fixed not firm problem of disconnected bone, for solving this problem, screw rod 210 and rotatory piece b between be provided with fixed guide assembly, because rotatory piece b can't rotate around self axis and can only follow the axial motion of expansion pipe for screw rod 210's rotation is restricted.
The fixed guide assembly comprises a fixed guide rod 230 arranged on the end surface of the screw rod 210 facing the rotating block b, and a fixed guide hole arranged on the rotating block b and corresponding to and matched with the fixed guide rod 230, wherein the extending direction of the fixed guide rod 230 is parallel to the axial direction of the screw rod 210, preferably, in order to enable the rotating block b to have better limiting effect on the rotation of the screw rod 210, the fixed guide assembly is provided with four groups, and the four groups of fixed guide assemblies are distributed at even intervals along the circumferential direction of the screw rod 210; the process of limiting the rotation of the screw 210 by the rotating block b is specifically represented as follows: because the extending direction of the fixed guide rod 230 is parallel to the axial direction of the screw rod 210, that is, the extending direction of the fixed guide rod 230 is parallel to the moving direction of the rotating block b, the expansion process of the expansion pipe is not affected by the fixed guide component, after the expansion pipe is expanded, the rotation of the screw rod 210 is limited due to the matching of the rotating block b and the fixed guide component, so that the nut 220 can smoothly rotate, and the operation is convenient.
When the bone nail works, the fixing section 200 of the bone nail sequentially penetrates through the through hole a formed in the steel plate a, the drilled hole formed in the broken bone and the through hole b formed in the steel plate b, and the expansion pipe cannot rotate in the through hole a, the drilled hole and the through hole b due to the fact that friction grains are arranged on the outer circular surface of the expansion pipe.
The tightening force is applied to the tightening section 100 through an allen wrench, the head 110 receives the tightening force and drives the threaded rod 120 to rotate under the action of the tightening force, the fixed guide plates 430 arranged on the rotating blocks a and b are positioned in the fixed grooves 310, so that the rotating blocks a and b cannot rotate and can only move in the axial direction of the expansion pipe, the threaded rod 120 rotates and pulls the rotating blocks a and b to move in the axial direction of the expansion pipe in opposite directions, during the movement, the expansion pipe is gradually and uniformly spread by the rotating piece 300, the expansion pipe is expanded, and when the cylindrical sections 420 of the rotating blocks a and b move into the inner cavity of the expansion section of the expansion pipe, the tightening force applied to the tightening section 100 is stopped.
The nut 220 is rotated and moved to approach the steel plate b until it is closely abutted against the steel plate b, and the patient completes the fixation of the steel plate.
The method for fixing the steel plate for the comminuted fracture patient comprises the following steps:
s1: completing alignment among a through hole a arranged on the steel plate a, a through hole b arranged on the steel plate b and a drill hole arranged on a broken bone of a patient, and placing a bone nail in the through hole a, the through hole b and the drill hole; the bone nail comprises a tightening section 100, a fixing section 200, an expansion part 300 and a rotating part 400, wherein the tightening section 100 comprises a head 110 and a threaded rod 120, the threaded rod 120 is fixedly connected to the head 110, the head 110 and the threaded rod 120 are coaxially arranged, the threaded rod 120 can be divided into three parts, namely a threaded section a121 fixedly connected with the head 110, a smooth section far away from the head 110 and a threaded section b122 positioned between the smooth section and the threaded section a121, the thread turning direction of the threaded section a121 is opposite to the thread turning direction of the threaded section b122, the rotating part 400 comprises a rotating block a and a rotating block b, the rotating block a is sleeved outside the threaded section a121, the rotating block b is sleeved outside the threaded section b122, the expansion part 300 comprises an expansion pipe made of an elastic material, the expansion pipe is of a cylindrical barrel structure with openings at two ends, and friction threads are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the expansion pipe, one opening end of the expansion pipe is sleeved outside the rotating block a, the other opening end of the expansion pipe is sleeved outside the rotating block b, the fixed section 200 comprises a screw 210 and a nut 220, the screw 210 is of a cylindrical structure coaxially arranged with the threaded rod 120, the nut 220 is sleeved outside the screw 210, a movable connecting piece is arranged between the screw 210 and the smooth section of the threaded rod 120, and the screw 210 is installed on the smooth section of the threaded rod 120 through the movable connecting piece; the fixing section 200 of the bone nail sequentially passes through the through hole a, the drill hole and the through hole b, and the expansion pipe cannot rotate in the through hole a, the drill hole and the through hole b due to friction grains arranged on the outer circular surface of the expansion pipe;
s2: applying a tightening force to the tightening section 100 through an internal hexagonal wrench, receiving the tightening force by the head 110, driving the threaded rod 120 to rotate under the action of the tightening force, rotating the threaded rod 120, drawing the rotating blocks a and b to move oppositely along the axial direction of the expansion pipe, gradually and uniformly expanding the expansion pipe outwards by the rotating blocks a and b in the moving process, expanding the expansion pipe, and stopping applying the tightening force to the tightening section 100 when the rotating blocks a and b move into the expansion inner cavity 320 of the expansion pipe;
s3: rotating the nut 220; a fixed guide assembly for limiting the rotation of the screw 210 is arranged between the screw 210 and the rotating block b, the fixed guide assembly comprises a fixed guide rod 230 arranged on the end surface of the screw 210 facing the rotating block b, and a fixed guide hole arranged on the rotating block b and corresponding to and matched with the fixed guide rod 230, and the extending direction of the fixed guide rod 230 is parallel to the axial direction of the screw 210; the nut 220 is rotated and moved to approach the steel plate b until it is closely abutted against the steel plate b, and the patient completes the fixation of the steel plate.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The centering type anti-loosening bone nail for the orthopedic surgery is characterized by comprising a tightening section, a fixing section, an expansion piece and a rotating piece, wherein the tightening section is used for receiving external tightening force and rotating under the action of the tightening force, the fixing section is in contact with a through hole of a broken bone and is used for fixing the broken bone, the rotating piece is sleeved on the tightening section, rotates and pulls the rotating piece to move synchronously, the rotating piece is used for providing expansion force for the expansion piece, and the expansion piece expands under the action of the expansion force and is used for automatically centering and fixing the broken bone;
the tightening section comprises a head and a threaded rod, the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the head, the head and the threaded rod are coaxially arranged, the head receives external tightening force and rotates under the action of the tightening force, the head rotates and pulls the threaded rod to synchronously rotate, the threaded rod is divided into three parts, namely a threaded section a fixedly connected with the head, a smooth section far away from the head and a threaded section b positioned between the smooth section and the threaded section a, and the thread turning direction of the threaded section a is opposite to that of the threaded section b;
the fixing section comprises a nail rod, the nail rod is of a cylindrical structure which is coaxial with the threaded rod, a plurality of locking bulges which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the nail rod are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the nail rod, the extending direction of the locking bulges is parallel to the axial direction of the nail rod, a movable connecting piece is arranged between the nail rod and the smooth section of the threaded rod, and the nail rod is arranged on the smooth section of the threaded rod through the movable connecting piece;
the center of the end surface of the nail rod, which is far away from the threaded rod, is provided with a mounting groove a, the center of the end surface of the nail rod, which is close to the threaded rod, is provided with a mounting groove b, the center of the area between the groove bottom of the mounting groove a and the groove bottom of the mounting groove b is provided with a mounting hole a communicated with the mounting groove a and the mounting groove b, and the mounting hole a, the mounting groove a and the mounting groove b are coaxially arranged;
the smooth section of the threaded rod is provided with a threaded hole at the center of the end face far away from the head, the outer circular surface of the smooth section is provided with an external step, the smooth section of the threaded rod penetrates through the mounting groove b and is positioned in the mounting hole a, the external step arranged on the outer surface of the smooth section is abutted against the groove bottom of the mounting groove b, the smooth section rotates around the axis of the smooth section in the mounting hole a, the movable connecting piece is a screw matched with the threaded hole, the screw penetrates through the mounting groove a and is mounted in the threaded hole, and the head of the screw is abutted against the groove bottom of the mounting groove a;
the rotating piece comprises a rotating block a and a rotating block b, the rotating block a and the rotating block b are consistent in appearance and are uniformly divided into a circular table section and a cylindrical section, the large end of the circular table section is fixedly connected with the cylindrical section, the circular table section and the cylindrical section are coaxially arranged, a fixed guide plate is vertically arranged on the outer circular surface of the circular table section, and the extending direction of the fixed guide plate is parallel to the axial direction of the circular table section;
the center of the end face of the cylindrical section of the rotating block a is coaxially provided with a trepan boring a which penetrates through the height of the cylindrical section and the height of the circular truncated cone section, the trepan boring a is matched with the threaded section a, the rotating block a is sleeved outside the threaded section a through the trepan boring a, the circular truncated cone section of the rotating block a is far away from the head, and the cylindrical section is close to the head;
the expansion piece comprises an expansion pipe made of elastic materials, the expansion pipe is of a cylindrical barrel structure with openings at two ends, friction grains are arranged on the outer circular surface of the expansion pipe, a fixing groove communicated with an expansion inner cavity arranged in the expansion piece and penetrating through the length of the expansion pipe is formed in the outer circular surface of the expansion pipe, the expansion inner cavity of the expansion pipe is divided into three parts, namely a guide section a, a guide section b and an expansion section which is located between the guide section a and the guide section b and is of a cylindrical structure, the guide section a is of a circular truncated cone structure matched with the circular truncated cone section of the rotating block a, the small end of the guide section a is connected with the expansion section, the guide section b is of a circular truncated cone structure matched with the circular truncated cone section of the rotating block b, the small end of the guide section b is connected with the expansion section, the expansion pipe is sleeved outside the threaded rod, and one opening end of the expansion pipe is sleeved outside the circular truncated cone section of the rotating block a through the guide, The other opening is sleeved outside the circular truncated cone section of the rotating block b through the guide section b, and the fixed guide plates arranged on the rotating block a and the rotating block b are located in the fixed groove.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810335848.8A CN108814701B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Centering type anti-loosening bone nail for orthopedic surgery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810335848.8A CN108814701B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Centering type anti-loosening bone nail for orthopedic surgery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108814701A CN108814701A (en) | 2018-11-16 |
| CN108814701B true CN108814701B (en) | 2021-01-01 |
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| CN201810335848.8A Expired - Fee Related CN108814701B (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Centering type anti-loosening bone nail for orthopedic surgery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112155701B (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2023-03-28 | 江山市人民医院 | Adjustable screw for calcaneus |
| CN112603517A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-06 | 无锡市第九人民医院 | Hollow bidirectional threaded nail used in fracture treatment process |
| CN114376693A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-22 | 江苏艾迪尔医疗科技股份有限公司 | Tarsal sinus stabilizer for talus turnover |
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| JPH0842526A (en) * | 1994-08-04 | 1996-02-13 | Topy Fastener Kogyo Kk | Shaft fixation method to metal surface as of aluminum diecast and clip therefor |
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| US6668688B2 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-12-30 | Mayo Foundation | Expandable screw apparatus and method thereof |
| CN2809311Y (en) * | 2005-03-21 | 2006-08-23 | 艾华 | Expansion bolt |
| CN201027743Y (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-02-27 | 徐云龙 | Double-point expansion screw |
| CN102470007A (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2012-05-23 | 斯恩蒂斯有限公司 | Expandable fixation assemblies |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0842526A (en) * | 1994-08-04 | 1996-02-13 | Topy Fastener Kogyo Kk | Shaft fixation method to metal surface as of aluminum diecast and clip therefor |
| JP2002221215A (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-08-09 | Asano Kinzoku Kogyo Kk | Screw-connecting structure for connecting pin |
| US6668688B2 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-12-30 | Mayo Foundation | Expandable screw apparatus and method thereof |
| CN2809311Y (en) * | 2005-03-21 | 2006-08-23 | 艾华 | Expansion bolt |
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| CN108814701A (en) | 2018-11-16 |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Zhao Pengfei Inventor after: Guo Jifeng Inventor after: Li Hongwei Inventor after: Wei Daping Inventor before: Wei Daping |
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| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20201211 Address after: 471000 No. 82 Qiming South Road, Henan, Luoyang Applicant after: Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital Of Henan Province(Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital) Address before: 211189 Southeast University, No. 2, Four Pailou, Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: Wei Daping |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20210101 Termination date: 20210416 |