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CN108793966B - 一种高透、高白、高强大型瓷板 - Google Patents

一种高透、高白、高强大型瓷板 Download PDF

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CN108793966B
CN108793966B CN201811054456.0A CN201811054456A CN108793966B CN 108793966 B CN108793966 B CN 108793966B CN 201811054456 A CN201811054456 A CN 201811054456A CN 108793966 B CN108793966 B CN 108793966B
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porcelain plate
whiteness
transmittance
firing
glaze
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CN108793966A (zh
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黎翀
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Jingdezhen Huayunfang Ceramic Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种高透、高白、高强大型瓷板，采用天然矿物原料及工业化工原料，按照物料组成的重量百分比：龙岩高岭土30~35%、石英10~12%、氧化铝5~8%、长石20~25%、滑石4~6%、方解石1%、钾长石3~7%、钠长石1~3%、骨粉10~12%、氧化钇5~6%、氧化锆3%，经淘洗、配料、球磨后外加瓷粉8%，再经除铁、过滤、泥浆处理、成型、一次干燥、修坯、素烧、精修、施釉、二次干燥、釉烧工序获得大型瓷板产品。本发明通过配方和成型工艺的控制，解决了产品的白度、透明度、釉面硬度、平整度问题，得到的大型瓷板产品可在室内外制做带背光源效果的艺术墙面或艺术氛围灯罩使用，具有广阔的应用前景。

Description

一种高透、高白、高强大型瓷板
技术领域
本发明属无机非金属材料（陶瓷）领域，具体涉及一种高透、高白、高强大型瓷板。
背景技术
目前普通大型瓷板由于配方组份和成型工艺的原因，即使瓷板厚度控制到8mm也无法实现瓷板的透光性，同时大型瓷板都是采用人工手工制作而成，存在工作强度大、工时长、破损多、产品规格不标准等众多问题。现有技术中如果要将大型瓷板做得更薄，则容易出现瓷板坯体表面不平、破裂、翅角、变形等问题，这不仅增加了生产成本，而且限制了大型瓷板的广泛应用。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种工艺简单、成本低廉、品质优良的高透、高白、高强大型瓷板。
本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现：一种高透、高白、高强大型瓷板，其特征在于：采用天然矿物原料及工业化工原料，按照物料组成的重量百分比：龙岩高岭土30~35%、石英10~12%、氧化铝5~8%、长石20~25%、滑石4~6%、方解石1%、钾长石3~7%、钠长石1~3%、骨粉10~12%、氧化钇5~6%、氧化锆3%，经淘洗、配料、球磨后外加瓷粉8%，再经除铁、过滤、泥浆处理、成型、一次干燥、修坯、素烧、精修、施釉、二次干燥、釉烧工序获得大型瓷板产品。
所述大型瓷板产品表面可采用釉上新彩或粉彩进行彩绘装饰，装饰后彩烤温度为700~800℃。
所述施釉工序前对胎体表面可采用釉下青花或五彩进行彩绘装饰。
所述成型工序采用高压热注成型。
所述高压热注成型中的浆料温度为40~45℃，压力为1.0~1.5MPA。
所述修坯工序后坯体的厚度为1毫米，所述施釉工序后釉层厚度为0.6~1.0毫米，所述球磨工序后原料颗粒细度为过600目筛，筛余为0.5%，所述泥浆处理工序为抽真空处理。
所述泥料在使用前进行煅烧，煅烧温度为800℃。
所述二次干燥工序后胎体含水率低于1.5%。
所述素烧工序的烧成制度为：从常温按3℃/min的速率升温至800℃；所述釉烧工序的烧成制度为：从常温按3℃/min的速率升温至1320℃，保温30~50min，然后按20℃/min的速率降温至1200℃，最后按1℃/min的速率升温至1320℃，并保温50min。
所述瓷粉为大型瓷板坯体经素烧后粉碎获得，其颗粒细度为过600目筛，筛余为0.5%。
由于普通大型瓷板的不透明共性，故普通坯料制备原料不能满足高白、高透度的大型瓷板要求，故在坯体配方中引进骨粉、瓷粉、氧化钇、氧化锆，再通过对坯用料进行精细球磨，并加大注浆成坯的压力，使得坯体结构更加致密，后期各种原料在高温中相互反应，并结合特殊的烧成制度后能得到更透明、白度更高、致密度更好的大型瓷板，进而使成品的应用范围更广，拓展该瓷板在实际生活中的应用。
本发明通过改进大型瓷板坯料配方，采用高压实心热注成型工艺，增大了坯体的强度、减少了坯体的破损及变形，提高了生产效率和产品品质，产品合格率由不到40%提高到80%以上，并且产品的白度、透明度、釉面硬度、平整度、耐酸碱腐蚀、耐磨性、耐氧化性、热稳定性都有显著提高，从而改变大型瓷板目前只能小批量生产的现状，实现产品的批量化生产。根据本产品高透、高白、高强的特性，可制作室内外带背光源效果的艺术墙面或制作独立的带背光源的艺术作品、产品。本发明所保护的大型瓷板拓展了瓷板的实用性和应用领域，因此具有广阔的应用前景。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明、为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合较佳实施例，对本发明进行详细说明：
实施例1
步骤一：泥料在使用前进行煅烧，煅烧温度为800℃；
步骤二：按物料组成重量百分比：龙岩高岭土34%、石英10%、氧化铝7%、长石20%、滑石6%、方解石1%、钾长石3%、钠长石1%、骨粉10%、氧化钇5%、氧化锆3%进行淘洗后配料；
步骤三：将步骤二配料后的原料混合后进行球磨，球磨后原料颗粒细度为过600目筛，筛余为0.5%；
步骤四：将步骤三球磨后原料按重量百分比加入8%的瓷粉；
步骤五：将步骤四获得的原料进行除铁、过滤获得泥浆；
步骤六：将步骤五获得的泥浆进行抽真空处理；
步骤七：将步骤六获得的泥浆进行加热后，采用高压热注成型工艺在模具中成型厚度为1毫米的坯体，浆料的温度为40℃，成型的压力为1.5MPA；
步骤八：将步骤七成型获得的坯体进行干燥和修坯后入窑进行素烧，素烧的制度为：从常温按3℃/min的速率升温至800℃；
步骤九：将步骤八素烧后的胎体进行精修，再通过淋釉工艺在胎体表面施一层0.6~1.0毫米的透明釉；
步骤十：将施釉后的胎体进行二次干燥，干燥后胎体含水率低于1.5%，然后入窑釉烧，所述釉烧工序的烧成制度为：从常温按3℃/min的速率升温至1320℃，保温30min，然后按20℃/min的速率降温至1200℃，最后按1℃/min的速率升温至1320℃，并保温50min；
步骤十一：釉烧后自然冷却获得大型瓷板产品，其白度为90，硬度为莫氏7，透光度为60。
所述瓷粉为大型瓷板坯体经素烧后粉碎获得，其颗粒细度为过600目筛，筛余为0.5%；透明釉料为江西省景德镇市彩虹釉厂生产的高白6221型透明釉。
实施例2
步骤一：泥料在使用前进行煅烧，煅烧温度为800℃；
步骤二：按物料组成重量百分比：龙岩高岭土30%、石英10%、氧化铝5%、长石20%、滑石4%、方解石1%、钾长石6%、钠长石3%、骨粉12%、氧化钇6%、氧化锆3%进行淘洗后配料；
步骤三：将步骤二配料后的原料混合后进行球磨，球磨后原料颗粒细度为过600目筛，筛余为0.5%；
步骤四：将步骤三球磨后原料按重量百分比加入8%的瓷粉；
步骤五：将步骤四获得的原料进行除铁、过滤获得泥浆；
步骤六：将步骤五获得的泥浆进行抽真空处理；
步骤七：将步骤六获得的泥浆进行加热后，采用高压热注成型工艺在模具中成型厚度为1毫米的坯体，浆料的温度为45℃，成型的压力为1.0MPA；
步骤八：将步骤七成型获得的坯体进行干燥和修坯后入窑进行素烧，素烧的制度为：从常温按3℃/min的速率升温至800℃；
步骤九：将步骤八素烧后的胎体进行精修，然后对胎体表面采用釉下青花或五彩进行彩绘装饰；
步骤十：将步骤九彩绘装饰后的胎体再通过淋釉工艺在胎体表面施一层0.8毫米的透明釉；
步骤十一：将施釉后的胎体进行二次干燥，干燥后胎体含水率低于1.5%，然后入窑釉烧，所述釉烧工序的烧成制度为：从常温按3℃/min的速率升温至1320℃，保温40min，然后按20℃/min的速率降温至1200℃，最后按1℃/min的速率升温至1320℃，并保温50min；
步骤十二：釉烧后自然冷却获得大型瓷板产品，其白度为85，硬度为莫氏7，透光度为65。
所述瓷粉为大型瓷板坯体经素烧后粉碎获得，其颗粒细度为过600目筛，筛余为0.5%；透明釉料为江西省景德镇市彩虹釉厂生产的高白6221型透明釉。
实施例3
步骤一：泥料在使用前进行煅烧，煅烧温度为800℃；
步骤二：按物料组成重量百分比：龙岩高岭土32%、石英11%、氧化铝6%、长石24%、滑石4%、方解石1%、钾长石3%、钠长石1%、骨粉10%、氧化钇5%、氧化锆3%进行淘洗后配料；
步骤三：将步骤二配料后的原料混合后进行球磨，球磨后原料颗粒细度为过600目筛，筛余为0.5%；
步骤四：将步骤三球磨后原料按重量百分比加入8%的瓷粉；
步骤五：将步骤四获得的原料进行除铁、过滤获得泥浆；
步骤六：将步骤五获得的泥浆进行抽真空处理；
步骤七：将步骤六获得的泥浆进行加热后，采用高压热注成型工艺在模具中成型厚度为1毫米的坯体，浆料的温度为42℃，成型的压力为1.3MPA；
步骤八：将步骤七成型获得的坯体进行干燥和修坯后入窑进行素烧，素烧的制度为：从常温按3℃/min的速率升温至800℃；
步骤九：将步骤八素烧后的胎体进行精修，再通过淋釉工艺在胎体表面施一层1.0毫米的透明釉；
步骤十：将施釉后的胎体进行二次干燥，干燥后胎体含水率低于1.5%，然后入窑釉烧，所述釉烧工序的烧成制度为：从常温按3℃/min的速率升温至1320℃，保温50min，然后按20℃/min的速率降温至1200℃，最后按1℃/min的速率升温至1320℃，并保温50min；
步骤十一：釉烧后自然冷却获得大型瓷板产品，其白度为87，硬度为莫氏7，透光度为63；
步骤十二：步骤十一获得的大型瓷板产品表面采用釉上新彩或粉彩进行彩绘装饰，装饰后彩烤温度为780℃。
所述瓷粉为大型瓷板坯体经素烧后粉碎获得，其颗粒细度为过600目筛，筛余为0.5%；透明釉料为江西省景德镇市彩虹釉厂生产的高白6221型透明釉。
上述白度、抗折强度、透光度性能的检测标准为：
白度：按照QB/T1503-2011检测；
强度：按照GB/T3532-2009检测；
透光度：按照GB 3296-1982检测。

Claims (9)

1.一种高透、高白、高强大型瓷板，其特征在于：采用天然矿物原料及工业化工原料，按照物料组成的重量百分比：龙岩高岭土30～35%、石英10～12%、氧化铝5～8%、长石20～25%、滑石4～6%、方解石1%、钾长石3～7%、钠长石1～3%、骨粉10～12%、氧化钇5～6%、氧化锆3%，经淘洗、配料、球磨后外加瓷粉8%，再经除铁、过滤、泥浆处理、成型、一次干燥、修坯、素烧、精修、施釉、二次干燥、釉烧工序获得大型瓷板产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高透、高白、高强大型瓷板，其特征在于：所述大型瓷板产品表面用釉上新彩或粉彩进行彩绘装饰，装饰后彩烤温度为700～800℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高透、高白、高强大型瓷板，其特征在于：所述施釉工序前对胎体表面用釉下青花或五彩进行彩绘装饰。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高透、高白、高强大型瓷板，其特征在于：所述成型工序采用高压热注成型。
5.根据权利要求4所述的高透、高白、高强大型瓷板，其特征在于：所述高压热注成型中的浆料温度为40～45℃，压力为1.0～1.5MPA。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高透、高白、高强大型瓷板，其特征在于：所述修坯工序后坯体的厚度为1毫米，所述施釉工序后釉层厚度为0.6～1.0毫米，所述球磨工序后原料颗粒细度为过600目筛，筛余为0.5%，所述泥浆处理工序为抽真空处理。
7.根据权利要求1所述的高透、高白、高强大型瓷板，其特征在于：所述二次干燥工序后胎体含水率低于1.5%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的高透、高白、高强大型瓷板，其特征在于：所述素烧工序的烧成制度为：从常温按2℃/min的速率升温至800℃；所述釉烧工序的烧成制度为：从常温按3℃/min的速率升温至1320℃，保温30～50min，然后按20℃/min的速率降温至1200℃，最后按1℃/min的速率升温至1320℃，并保温50min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的高透、高白、高强大型瓷板，其特征在于：所述瓷粉为大型瓷板坯体经素烧后粉碎获得，其颗粒细度为过600目筛，筛余为0.5%。
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