CN108005741B - Cogeneration system for improving heat supply safety of back condensation and back extraction and adjustment method - Google Patents
Cogeneration system for improving heat supply safety of back condensation and back extraction and adjustment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108005741B CN108005741B CN201711340472.1A CN201711340472A CN108005741B CN 108005741 B CN108005741 B CN 108005741B CN 201711340472 A CN201711340472 A CN 201711340472A CN 108005741 B CN108005741 B CN 108005741B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
- F01K17/025—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic in combination with at least one gas turbine, e.g. a combustion gas turbine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cogeneration system for improving heat supply safety of a condensing back and an adjusting method, which comprises the following steps: the first heat and power cogeneration unit and the second heat and power cogeneration unit are provided with cooling steam systems, a heat supply network water supply and return system is respectively connected with the water sides of the first heat supply network heat exchanger and the second heat supply network heat exchanger, a heating steam branch pipe is connected with the steam sides of the first heat supply network heat exchanger and the second heat supply network heat exchanger, and a circulating water supply branch pipe and a circulating water return branch pipe are connected with the low-temperature circulating water systems of the first heat and power cogeneration unit and the second heat and power cogeneration unit. The invention utilizes the indirect heat exchange device, effectively reduces the temperature of the cooling steam and ensures the quality of the cooling steam; the first stations of the two thermoelectric units are connected in parallel, so that the operation safety of the heat supply network system is improved; meanwhile, when the back pressure working condition of the first cogeneration unit is operated, only one circulating water pump is needed to be put into operation, so that the power consumption of the equipment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cogeneration, and particularly relates to a cogeneration system for improving the heat supply safety of a condensing back and an adjusting method, which are particularly suitable for a thermal power plant with a low-pressure cylinder without steam inflow.
Background
At present, the policy in China gradually pays attention to popularization of new energy sources, and reduces the proportion of thermal power generating units. For thermal power plants, the exhaust steam of the steam turbine is usually directly discharged through an air cooling or water cooling mode, which causes huge cold end loss. For example, the energy utilization rate of a 300MW subcritical pure condensing unit is about 38%, wherein the cold end loss is about 45%, the energy utilization rate of the unit is improved to 60% after steam extraction and heat supply are adopted, but 20% of condensed low-temperature waste heat is discharged, and the heat is difficult to directly utilize due to low grade. Meanwhile, as the power grid is used for absorbing new energy and power, the requirements on the thermal power flexibility of the coal motor unit are continuously enhanced, and the coal motor unit needs to realize ultralow-load operation to meet the peak regulation requirement of the power grid, so that the coal-fired thermoelectric unit is extremely challenged.
The Chinese patent with the application number of 201710193938.3 discloses a turbine extraction condensing back system and an adjusting method thereof, wherein a rotor is not required to be replaced in the system, a low-pressure cylinder can be realized without being put into operation, the technology can not only maximally increase the external heat supply quantity, but also realize the low-load power generation of a unit with high benefit. When the low-pressure cylinder does not enter steam for operation, the amount of exhaust steam entering the corresponding condenser is small, and the circulating water pump is operated under ultralow load, so that the power consumption is high, and the circulating water pump equipment is damaged to a certain extent; meanwhile, when the exhaust steam of the medium pressure cylinder supplies heat to the outside, the heat load is increased sharply, and the corresponding heat supply network head station has insufficient design capacity, so that the safety of a heat supply system is affected to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above situation, the invention overcomes the defects in the prior art, and provides the cogeneration system and the adjustment method which are reasonable in design, reliable in performance and beneficial to realizing the improvement of the heat supply safety of the condensing back.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a heat and power cogeneration system for improving congeal back of body heat supply safety, includes the heat and power cogeneration unit, the heat and power cogeneration unit includes first heat and power cogeneration unit and second heat and power cogeneration unit; the method is characterized in that:
the first cogeneration unit comprises: the exhaust port of the first turbine low pressure cylinder is connected with the first cooling tower through a first circulating water pipe and a first circulating water pipe, a third regulating valve, a first circulating water pump and a fourth regulating valve are sequentially arranged on the first circulating water pipe along the water flow direction, a second regulating valve is arranged on a first circulating water supply pipe, a steam inlet and a steam outlet of a cooling steam pipe are respectively connected with a steam outlet of a medium pressure cylinder of a first steam turbine and a steam inlet of a low pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine, a first regulating valve, a pressure reducing valve, a steam cooling device and a first stop valve are sequentially arranged on the cooling steam pipe along the steam flow direction, a cooling water side of the steam cooling device is connected with a cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe, a steam inlet of a first heat supply network heat exchanger is connected with a steam outlet of the medium pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine through a first heating steam extraction pipe, a fifth regulating valve and a sixth regulating valve are respectively arranged at the steam inlets of the first heating steam extraction pipe and the first heat supply network heat exchanger, and a water outlet of the first heat supply network heat exchanger is connected with a first heat supply network water drain pipe;
the second cogeneration unit comprises: the system comprises a medium pressure cylinder of a second steam turbine, a second low pressure cylinder of the second steam turbine, a second condenser, a second cooling tower, a second circulating water pump and a second heat network heat exchanger, wherein a steam outlet of the medium pressure cylinder of the second steam turbine is connected with a steam inlet of the medium pressure cylinder of the second steam turbine through a second communicating pipe, a second condensation hydraulic butterfly valve is arranged on the second communicating pipe, the steam outlet of the low pressure cylinder of the second steam turbine is connected with the second condenser, a low-temperature circulating water side of the second condenser is connected with the second cooling tower through a second circulating water return pipe and a second circulating water supply pipe, a seventh regulating valve, a second circulating water pump and an eighth regulating valve are sequentially arranged on the second circulating water return pipe along the water flowing direction, a steam inlet of the second heat network heat exchanger is connected with a steam outlet of the medium pressure cylinder of the second steam turbine through a second heating steam extraction pipe, a ninth regulating valve and a tenth regulating valve are respectively arranged at a steam inlet of the second heating steam extraction pipe and the second heat network heat exchanger, and a drain water drain and a second heat network heat exchanger are connected;
the heat supply network water return pipe is connected with the water side inlets of the first heat supply network heat exchanger and the second heat supply network heat exchanger, the heat supply network water supply pipe is connected with the water side outlets of the first heat supply network heat exchanger and the second heat supply network heat exchanger, the steam inlet of the sixth regulating valve is connected with the steam inlet of the tenth regulating valve through a heating steam branch pipe, the thirteenth regulating valve is arranged on the heating steam branch pipe, the circulating water outlet of the first condenser is connected with the circulating water outlet of the second condenser through a circulating water supply branch pipe, a twelfth regulating valve is arranged on the circulating water supply branch pipe, the circulating water inlet of the first condenser is connected with the circulating water outlet of the second circulating water pump through a circulating water return branch pipe, and an eleventh regulating valve is arranged on the circulating water return branch pipe.
Preferably, the first heat-supply network heat exchanger and the second heat-supply network heat exchanger are connected in parallel, a sixteenth valve and a seventeenth valve are respectively arranged at a water side inlet and a water side outlet of the first heat-supply network heat exchanger, and a fourteenth valve and a fifteenth valve are respectively arranged at a water side inlet and a water side outlet of the second heat-supply network heat exchanger.
Preferably, the first back pressure hydraulic butterfly valve is a valve without mechanical limit, and fluid is not leaked when the valve is fully closed; the first pumping and condensing hydraulic butterfly valve and the second pumping and condensing hydraulic butterfly valve are mechanically limited valves, and fluid can still circulate when the valves are fully closed.
Preferably, the steam cooling device is a dividing wall type heat exchanger, and the cooling water source of the steam cooling device can be from condensation water, low-temperature circulating water and boiler water supplementing of a cogeneration unit, and can also be from softened water, desalted water or tap water of a power plant.
Preferably, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth regulating valves of the present invention have functions of shutoff and regulation.
The adjusting method for the cogeneration system for improving the heat supply safety of the condensing back is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
when the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit are both in a heating working condition:
in the second cogeneration unit, a second condensation pressure butterfly valve, a ninth regulating valve and a tenth regulating valve are opened and regulated, part of exhaust steam of a second turbine middle pressure cylinder enters a second turbine low pressure cylinder to continuously do work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the second turbine middle pressure cylinder enters a second heat supply network heat exchanger to heat supply network water from a heat supply network return pipe; at the moment, a seventh regulating valve and an eighth regulating valve are opened, the low-temperature circulating water from the second cooling tower is conveyed to the second condenser through the second circulating water return pipe by utilizing the second circulating water pump, and the heated low-temperature circulating water is conveyed to the second cooling tower through the second circulating water supply pipe;
in the first cogeneration unit, a first regulating valve and a first stop valve are closed, a cooling steam pipe is in a closed state, and a cooling steam system is not put into operation; at the moment, a back pressure hydraulic butterfly valve is fully opened, a condensation hydraulic butterfly valve, a fifth regulating valve and a sixth regulating valve are opened and regulated, part of exhaust steam of a middle pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine enters a low pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine to continuously do work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the middle pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine enters a first heat supply network heat exchanger to heat supply network water from a heat supply network return pipe; at the moment, the second regulating valve, the third regulating valve and the fourth regulating valve are opened, the low-temperature circulating water from the first cooling tower is conveyed to the first condenser through the first circulating water return pipe by utilizing the first circulating water pump, and the heated low-temperature circulating water is conveyed to the first cooling tower through the first circulating water supply pipe;
opening and adjusting a fourteenth adjusting valve and a sixteenth adjusting valve, enabling the heat supply network water from the heat supply network water return pipe to enter the first heat supply network heat exchanger and the second heat supply network heat exchanger at the same time, opening and adjusting a fifteenth adjusting valve and a seventeenth adjusting valve, outputting and mixing the heated heat supply network water, and supplying heat to the outside through the heat supply network water supply pipe.
When the first heat and power cogeneration unit is in a back pressure working condition and the second heat and power cogeneration unit is in a heat supply working condition, the low-pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine in the back pressure working condition does not enter steam to do work:
in the second cogeneration unit, a second condensation pressure butterfly valve, a ninth regulating valve and a tenth regulating valve are opened and regulated, part of exhaust steam of a second turbine middle pressure cylinder enters a second turbine low pressure cylinder to continuously do work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the second turbine middle pressure cylinder enters a second heat supply network heat exchanger to heat supply network water from a heat supply network return pipe; at the moment, a seventh regulating valve and an eighth regulating valve are opened and regulated, the low-temperature circulating water from the second cooling tower is conveyed to the second condenser by the second circulating water pump through the second circulating water return pipe, and the heated low-temperature circulating water is conveyed to the second cooling tower through the second circulating water supply pipe;
in the first cogeneration unit, a first regulating valve and a first stop valve are opened, a cooling steam pipe is in an open state, and a cooling steam system is put into operation; at the moment, the back pressure hydraulic butterfly valve and the condensing hydraulic butterfly valve are fully closed, the fifth regulating valve and the sixth regulating valve are opened, and all exhaust steam of the pressure cylinder in the first steam turbine enters the first heat supply network heat exchanger to heat the heat supply network water from the heat supply network water return pipe; at the moment, the exhaust steam of the medium-pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine with small flow rate firstly passes through a pressure reducing valve to reduce the pressure, secondly passes through a steam cooling device to reduce the temperature, and then enters the low-pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine to cool the low-pressure cylinder; at the moment, the second regulating valve, the third regulating valve and the fourth regulating valve are closed, and the first circulating water pump and the first cooling tower are not put into operation; at this time, the eleventh regulating valve and the twelfth regulating valve are opened, part of the low-temperature circulating water from the second cooling tower is also conveyed to the first condenser through the circulating water return branch pipe, and the heated low-temperature circulating water is conveyed to the second cooling tower through the circulating water supply branch pipe.
Opening and adjusting a fourteenth adjusting valve and a sixteenth adjusting valve, enabling the heat supply network water from the heat supply network water return pipe to enter the first heat supply network heat exchanger and the second heat supply network heat exchanger at the same time, opening and adjusting a fifteenth adjusting valve and a seventeenth adjusting valve, outputting and mixing the heated heat supply network water, and supplying heat to the outside through the heat supply network water supply pipe.
Preferably, when the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit are both in a heating working condition:
closing an eleventh regulating valve and a twelfth regulating valve, wherein the circulating water system of the first cogeneration unit is not communicated with the circulating water system of the second cogeneration unit, and the circulating water systems are independently operated;
and closing a thirteenth regulating valve, wherein the heating steam of the first heat supply network heat exchanger and the heating steam of the second heat supply network heat exchanger are not communicated with each other, and each of the heating steam and the heating steam of the second heat supply network heat exchanger keeps independent operation.
When the first cogeneration unit is in a back pressure working condition and the second cogeneration unit is in a heat supply working condition:
opening an eleventh regulating valve and a twelfth regulating valve, wherein a first cooling tower and a first circulating water pump of the first cogeneration unit are not put into operation, the second cooling tower and the second circulating water pump are used for simultaneously providing low-temperature circulating water for the first cogeneration unit and the second cogeneration unit, and the opening of the eighth regulating valve and the eleventh regulating valve are regulated to respectively regulate the low-temperature circulating water quantity entering the second condenser and the first condenser;
at this time, the exhaust steam of the middle pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine is all used for supplying heat to the outside, the heat supply safety is reduced because the heat load of the first heat supply network heat exchanger is overlarge, the thirteenth regulating valve can be opened and regulated, part of the exhaust steam of the middle pressure cylinder of the first steam turbine is conveyed to the second heat supply network heat exchanger through the heating steam branch pipe, and the excessive heat load of the first heat supply network heat exchanger is absorbed by utilizing the rich capacity of the second heat supply network heat exchanger.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: (1) The invention has reasonable design, simple structure and reliable performance, realizes the parallel connection of the first stations of the two thermoelectric units through the heating steam branch pipe, and connects the circulating water systems of the two thermoelectric units through the circulating backwater branch pipe and the circulating water supply branch pipe; (2) According to the invention, when the back pressure working condition of the first cogeneration unit is operated, the first circulating water pump is not required to be put into operation, the cold source requirement of the condenser can be met by utilizing the second cooling tower, and the energy consumption increased when the first circulating water pump is operated under low load is eliminated; (3) According to the invention, the two head stations are connected together, so that the two head stations can bear redundant heat supply loads respectively, and the operation safety of the heat supply network system is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cogeneration system for improving heat supply safety of a condensed back pump in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and not limited to the following examples.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a cogeneration system for improving heat supply safety of a condensation back includes a cogeneration unit, where the cogeneration unit includes a first cogeneration unit 1 and a second cogeneration unit 2.
The first cogeneration unit 1 includes: the exhaust port of the first turbine medium pressure cylinder 101 is connected with the steam inlet of the first turbine low pressure cylinder 102 through a first communicating pipe 110, a first backpressure hydraulic butterfly valve 121 and a first condensing pressure butterfly valve 122 are sequentially arranged on the first communicating pipe 110 along the steam flow direction, the steam outlet of the first turbine low pressure cylinder 102 is connected with the first condenser 103, the low temperature circulating water side of the first condenser 103 is connected with the first cooling tower 104 through a first circulating water return pipe 114 and a first circulating water supply pipe 113, a third regulating valve 127, a first circulating water pump 105 and a fourth regulating valve 128 are sequentially arranged on the first circulating water return pipe 114 along the water flow direction, the first circulating water supply pipe 113 is provided with a second regulating valve 126, a steam inlet and a steam outlet of the cooling steam pipe 111 are respectively connected with a steam outlet of the first turbine medium pressure cylinder 101 and a steam inlet of the first turbine low pressure cylinder 102, the cooling steam pipe 111 is provided with a first regulating valve 123, a pressure reducing valve 124, a steam cooling device 106 and a first stop valve 125 along the steam flowing direction in sequence, the cooling water side of the steam cooling device 106 is connected with a cooling water inlet pipe 115 and a cooling water outlet pipe 116, a steam inlet of the first heat supply network heat exchanger 107 is connected with a steam outlet of the first turbine medium pressure cylinder 101 through a first heating steam extraction pipe 112, a steam inlet of the first heating steam extraction pipe 112 and a steam inlet of the first heat supply network heat exchanger 107 are respectively provided with a fifth regulating valve 129 and a sixth regulating valve 130, the drain outlet of the first heat supply network heat exchanger 107 is connected with a first heat supply network drain pipe 117.
The second cogeneration unit 2 includes: the steam turbine medium pressure cylinder 201, the steam turbine low pressure cylinder 202, the steam condenser 203, the cooling tower 204, the circulating water pump 205 and the heat supply network heat exchanger 206 are arranged in the second circulating water return pipe 213, a seventh regulating valve 222, the circulating water pump 205 and an eighth regulating valve 223 are sequentially arranged on the second circulating water return pipe 213 along the water flow direction, a steam inlet of the heat supply network heat exchanger 206 is connected with a steam outlet of the steam turbine medium pressure cylinder 201 through a heating steam extraction pipe 211, a condensing liquid extraction butterfly valve 221 is arranged on the second communicating pipe 210, a steam outlet of the steam turbine low pressure cylinder 202 is connected with the steam condenser 203, a low-temperature circulating water side of the steam condenser 203 is connected with the cooling tower 204 through a circulating water return pipe 213 and a circulating water supply pipe 212, a steam inlet of the heating network heat exchanger 206 is respectively provided with a steam inlet of the heating water return pipe 211 and a water return pipe 224, and a water return valve 225 are respectively connected with the heat supply network heat exchanger 206.
The heat supply network water return pipe 61 is connected with water side inlets of the first heat supply network heat exchanger 107 and the second heat supply network heat exchanger 206, the heat supply network water supply pipe 62 is connected with water side outlets of the first heat supply network heat exchanger 107 and the second heat supply network heat exchanger 206, a steam inlet of the sixth regulating valve 130 is connected with a steam inlet of the tenth regulating valve 225 through a heating steam branch pipe 5, a thirteenth regulating valve 51 is installed on the heating steam branch pipe 5, a circulating water outlet of the first condenser 103 is connected with a circulating water outlet of the second condenser 203 through a circulating water supply branch pipe 4, a twelfth regulating valve 41 is installed on the circulating water supply branch pipe 4, a circulating water inlet of the first condenser 103 is connected with a circulating water outlet of the second circulating water pump 205 through a circulating water return branch pipe 3, and an eleventh regulating valve 31 is installed on the circulating water return branch pipe 3.
In the present embodiment, the first regulating valve 123, the second regulating valve 126, the third regulating valve 127, the fourth regulating valve 128, the fifth regulating valve 129, the sixth regulating valve 130, the seventh regulating valve 222, the eighth regulating valve 223, the ninth regulating valve 224, the tenth regulating valve 225, the eleventh regulating valve 31, the twelfth regulating valve 41, the thirteenth regulating valve 51, the fourteenth regulating valve 63, the fifteenth regulating valve 64, the sixteenth regulating valve 65, and the seventeenth regulating valve 66 have the shut-off and regulating functions.
In this embodiment, the first back pressure hydraulic butterfly valve 121 is a valve without mechanical limitation, and when the valve is fully closed, fluid does not leak, that is, when the first back pressure hydraulic butterfly valve 121 is fully closed, exhaust gas of the first turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 101 cannot enter the first turbine low pressure cylinder 102 through the first communicating pipe 110; the first extraction and condensation hydraulic butterfly valve 122 and the second extraction and condensation hydraulic butterfly valve 221 are both mechanically limited valves, and fluid can still circulate when the valves are fully closed, that is, when the second extraction and condensation hydraulic butterfly valve 221 is fully closed, a small amount of exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 201 can enter the second turbine low pressure cylinder 202 through the second communicating pipe 210.
In this embodiment, the steam cooling device 106 is a dividing wall type heat exchanger, and cools the cooling steam through indirect heat exchange, where the cooling water source of the steam cooling device 106 may be condensation water, low-temperature circulating water or boiler water from a cogeneration unit, or softened water, demineralized water or tap water from a power plant.
In this embodiment, the specific adjustment method is as follows:
when the first cogeneration unit 1 and the second cogeneration unit 2 are both in a heating working condition:
in the second cogeneration unit 2, a second condensate extraction pressure butterfly valve 221, a ninth regulating valve 224 and a tenth regulating valve 225 are opened and regulated, part of exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 201 enters the second turbine low pressure cylinder 202 to continuously apply work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 201 enters the second heat supply network heat exchanger 206 to heat supply network water from the heat supply network water return pipe 61; at this time, the seventh regulating valve 222 and the eighth regulating valve 223 are opened, the low-temperature circulating water from the cooling tower No. two 204 is sent to the condenser No. two 203 through the circulating water return pipe No. two 213 by the circulating water pump No. two 205, and the heated low-temperature circulating water is sent to the cooling tower No. two 204 through the circulating water supply pipe No. two 212;
in the first cogeneration unit 1, the first regulating valve 123 and the first stop valve 125 are closed, the cooling steam pipe 111 is in a closed state, and the cooling steam system is not put into operation; at this time, the back pressure hydraulic butterfly valve 121 is fully opened, the condensation hydraulic butterfly valve 122, the fifth regulating valve 129 and the sixth regulating valve 130 are opened and regulated, part of exhaust steam of the middle pressure cylinder 101 of the first steam turbine enters the low pressure cylinder 102 of the first steam turbine to continue to apply work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the middle pressure cylinder 101 of the first steam turbine enters the first heat supply network heat exchanger 107 to heat the heat supply network water from the heat supply network return pipe 61; at this time, the second regulating valve 126, the third regulating valve 127 and the fourth regulating valve 128 are opened, the low-temperature circulating water from the first cooling tower 104 is sent to the first condenser 103 through the first circulating water pipe 114 by the first circulating water pump 105, and the heated low-temperature circulating water is sent to the first cooling tower 104 through the first circulating water pipe 113;
the fourteenth and sixteenth regulating valves 63 and 65 are opened and regulated, the heat supply network water from the heat supply network water return pipe 61 simultaneously enters the first heat supply network heat exchanger 107 and the second heat supply network heat exchanger 206, the fifteenth and seventeenth regulating valves 64 and 66 are opened and regulated, and the heated heat supply network water is output and mixed and then supplied with heat from the heat supply network water supply pipe 62.
When the first cogeneration unit 1 is in a back pressure working condition and the second cogeneration unit 2 is in a heat supply working condition:
in the second cogeneration unit 2, a second condensate extraction pressure butterfly valve 221, a ninth regulating valve 224 and a tenth regulating valve 225 are opened and regulated, part of exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 201 enters the second turbine low pressure cylinder 202 to continuously apply work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 201 enters the second heat supply network heat exchanger 206 to heat supply network water from the heat supply network water return pipe 61; at this time, the seventh regulating valve 222 and the eighth regulating valve 223 are opened and regulated, and the low-temperature circulating water from the cooling tower No. two 204 is sent to the condenser No. two 203 through the circulating water return pipe No. two 213 by the circulating water pump No. two 205, and the heated low-temperature circulating water is sent to the cooling tower No. two 204 through the circulating water supply pipe No. two 212;
in the first cogeneration unit 1, the first regulating valve 123 and the first stop valve 125 are opened, the cooling steam pipe 111 is in an open state, and the cooling steam system is put into operation; at this time, the back pressure hydraulic butterfly valve 121 and the condensate pressure butterfly valve 122 are fully closed, the fifth regulating valve 129 and the sixth regulating valve 130 are opened, and all the exhaust steam of the middle pressure cylinder 101 of the first steam turbine enters the first heat supply network heat exchanger 107 to heat the heat supply network water from the heat supply network water return pipe 61; at this time, the exhaust steam of the medium pressure cylinder 101 of the first steam turbine with small flow rate firstly passes through the pressure reducing valve 124 to reduce the pressure, secondly passes through the steam cooling device 106 to reduce the temperature, and then enters the low pressure cylinder 102 of the first steam turbine to be cooled; at this time, the second regulating valve 126, the third regulating valve 127, and the fourth regulating valve 128 are closed, and the first circulating water pump 105 and the first cooling tower 104 are not put into operation; at this time, the eleventh regulating valve 31 and the twelfth regulating valve 41 are opened, part of the low-temperature circulating water from the second cooling tower 204 is conveyed to the first condenser 103 through the circulating water return branch pipe 3, and the heated low-temperature circulating water is conveyed to the second cooling tower 204 through the circulating water supply branch pipe 4;
the fourteenth and sixteenth regulating valves 63 and 65 are opened and regulated, the heat supply network water from the heat supply network water return pipe 61 simultaneously enters the first heat supply network heat exchanger 107 and the second heat supply network heat exchanger 206, the fifteenth and seventeenth regulating valves 64 and 66 are opened and regulated, and the heated heat supply network water is output and mixed and then supplied with heat from the heat supply network water supply pipe 62.
The following objects can also be achieved for the adjustment method in the present embodiment:
when the first cogeneration unit 1 and the second cogeneration unit 2 are both in a heating working condition:
closing an eleventh regulating valve 31 and a twelfth regulating valve 41, wherein the circulating water system of the first cogeneration unit 1 is not communicated with the circulating water system of the second cogeneration unit 2, and the circulating water systems are independently operated;
the thirteenth regulating valve 51 is closed, and the heating steam of the first heat-net heat exchanger 107 and the heating steam of the second heat-net heat exchanger 206 are not communicated with each other, and each keeps independent operation.
When the first cogeneration unit 1 is in a back pressure working condition and the second cogeneration unit 2 is in a heat supply working condition:
the eleventh regulating valve 31 and the twelfth regulating valve 41 are opened, the first cooling tower 104 and the first circulating water pump 105 of the first cogeneration unit 1 are not put into operation, the second cooling tower 204 and the second circulating water pump 205 are utilized to simultaneously provide low-temperature circulating water for the first cogeneration unit 1 and the second cogeneration unit 2, and the opening degrees of the eighth regulating valve 223 and the eleventh regulating valve 31 are regulated to respectively regulate the low-temperature circulating water quantity entering the second condenser 203 and the first condenser 103;
at this time, all the exhaust steam of the first turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 101 is used for supplying heat to the outside, the heat supply safety is reduced due to the fact that the heat load of the first heat supply network heat exchanger 107 is too large, the thirteenth regulating valve 51 can be opened and regulated, part of the exhaust steam of the first turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 101 is conveyed to the second heat supply network heat exchanger 206 through the heating steam branch pipe 5, and the excessive heat load of the first heat supply network heat exchanger 107 is absorbed by utilizing the surplus capacity of the second heat supply network heat exchanger 206.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may vary from part to part, from name to name, etc., and the above description in the present specification is merely illustrative of the structure of the present invention. All equivalent or simple changes of the structure, characteristics and principle according to the inventive concept are included in the protection scope of the present patent. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions in a similar manner without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a heat and power cogeneration system for improving congeal back of body heat supply safety, includes the heat and power cogeneration unit, the heat and power cogeneration unit includes No. one heat and power cogeneration unit (1) and No. two heat and power cogeneration units (2); the method is characterized in that:
the first cogeneration unit (1) comprises: the steam turbine medium pressure cylinder (101), the steam turbine low pressure cylinder (102), the first condenser (103), the first cooling tower (104), the first circulating water pump (105), the steam cooling device (106) and the first heat supply network heat exchanger (107), the steam outlet of the steam turbine medium pressure cylinder (101) is connected with the steam inlet of the steam turbine low pressure cylinder (102) through a first communicating pipe (110), a first back pressure hydraulic butterfly valve (121) and a first condensing hydraulic butterfly valve (122) are sequentially arranged on the first communicating pipe (110) along the steam flow direction, the steam outlet of the steam turbine low pressure cylinder (102) is connected with the first condenser (103), the low temperature circulating water side of the first condenser (103) is connected with the first cooling tower (104) through a first circulating water return pipe (114) and a first circulating water supply pipe (113), a third regulating valve (127), a first circulating water pump (105) and a fourth regulating valve (122) are sequentially arranged on the first circulating water return pipe (114) along the water flow direction, the first circulating water return pipe (114) is sequentially provided with a third regulating valve (113), the steam inlet of the first circulating water return pipe (113) is connected with the steam inlet of the steam turbine medium pressure cylinder (102) and the first circulating water pump (113) is connected with the steam inlet of the steam turbine low pressure cylinder (102), a first regulating valve (123), a pressure reducing valve (124), a steam cooling device (106) and a first stop valve (125) are sequentially arranged on the cooling steam pipe (111) along the steam flowing direction, a cooling water side of the steam cooling device (106) is connected with a cooling water inlet pipe (115) and a cooling water outlet pipe (116), a steam inlet of the first heat supply network heat exchanger (107) is connected with a steam outlet of a medium pressure cylinder (101) of the first steam turbine through a first heating steam extraction pipe (112), a fifth regulating valve (129) and a sixth regulating valve (130) are respectively arranged at a steam inlet of the first heating steam extraction pipe (112) and a steam inlet of the first heat supply network heat exchanger (107), and a water drain outlet of the first heat supply network heat exchanger (107) is connected with a first heat supply network water drain pipe (117);
the second cogeneration unit (2) comprises: the medium pressure cylinder (201) of the second steam turbine, the low pressure cylinder (202) of the second steam turbine, the second condenser (203), the second cooling tower (204), the second circulating water pump (205) and the second heat supply network heat exchanger (206), wherein a steam outlet of the medium pressure cylinder (201) of the second steam turbine is connected with a steam inlet of the low pressure cylinder (202) of the second steam turbine through a second communicating pipe (210), a second condensation pressure butterfly valve (221) is arranged on the second communicating pipe (210), a steam outlet of the low pressure cylinder (202) of the second steam turbine is connected with the second condenser (203), a low-temperature circulating water side of the second condenser (203) is connected with the second cooling tower (204) through a second circulating water return pipe (213) and a second circulating water supply pipe (212), a seventh regulating valve (222), a second circulating water pump (205) and an eighth regulating valve (223) are sequentially arranged on the second circulating water return pipe (213) along the water flow direction, steam inlet of the second heat supply network heat exchanger (206) is connected with the second steam outlet of the second steam turbine (211) through a second heating pipe (211) and the second steam outlet of the second steam turbine (211), a drainage outlet of the second heat supply network heat exchanger (206) is connected with a second heat supply network drainage pipe (214);
the heating network water return pipe (61) is connected with water side inlets of the first heating network heat exchanger (107) and the second heating network heat exchanger (206), the heating network water supply pipe (62) is connected with water side outlets of the first heating network heat exchanger (107) and the second heating network heat exchanger (206), a steam inlet of the sixth regulating valve (130) is connected with a steam inlet of the tenth regulating valve (225) through a heating steam branch pipe (5), a thirteenth regulating valve (51) is arranged on the heating steam branch pipe (5), a circulating water outlet of the first condenser (103) is connected with a circulating water outlet of the second condenser (203) through a circulating water supply branch pipe (4), a twelfth regulating valve (41) is arranged on the circulating water supply branch pipe (4), a circulating water inlet of the first condenser (103) is connected with a circulating water outlet of the second circulating water pump (205) through a circulating water return branch pipe (3), and an eleventh regulating valve (31) is arranged on the circulating water return branch pipe (3);
the first heat supply network heat exchanger (107) is connected in parallel with the second heat supply network heat exchanger (206), a sixteenth regulating valve (65) and a seventeenth regulating valve (66) are respectively arranged at a water side inlet and a water side outlet of the first heat supply network heat exchanger (107), and a fourteenth regulating valve (63) and a fifteenth regulating valve (64) are respectively arranged at a water side inlet and a water side outlet of the second heat supply network heat exchanger (206);
the first back pressure hydraulic butterfly valve (121) is a valve without mechanical limit; the first pumping and condensing hydraulic butterfly valve (122) and the second pumping and condensing hydraulic butterfly valve (221) are valves with mechanical limit.
2. The cogeneration system for improving heat and heat safety of a condensing pump back of a person of claim 1, wherein: the steam cooling device (106) is a dividing wall type heat exchanger, and a cooling water source of the steam cooling device (106) is from condensation water, low-temperature circulating water or boiler water supply of a cogeneration unit, or softened water, desalted water or tap water from a power plant.
3. The cogeneration system for improving heat and heat safety of a condensing pump back of a person of claim 1, wherein: the first regulating valve (123), the second regulating valve (126), the third regulating valve (127), the fourth regulating valve (128), the fifth regulating valve (129), the sixth regulating valve (130), the seventh regulating valve (222), the eighth regulating valve (223), the ninth regulating valve (224), the tenth regulating valve (225), the eleventh regulating valve (31), the twelfth regulating valve (41), the thirteenth regulating valve (51), the fourteenth regulating valve (63), the fifteenth regulating valve (64), the sixteenth regulating valve (65) and the seventeenth regulating valve (66) all have the cut-off and regulating functions.
4. A method of regulating a cogeneration system to improve the heat and heat safety of a pump back of a condenser according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method of regulating is as follows:
when the first heat and power cogeneration unit (1) and the second heat and power cogeneration unit (2) are both in a heating working condition:
in a second heat and power cogeneration unit (2), a second condensation hydraulic butterfly valve (221), a ninth regulating valve (224) and a tenth regulating valve (225) are opened and regulated, part of exhaust steam of a second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (201) enters a second turbine low pressure cylinder (202) to continuously apply work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (201) enters a second heat supply network heat exchanger (206) to heat supply network water from a heat supply network return pipe (61); at the moment, a seventh regulating valve (222) and an eighth regulating valve (223) are opened, the low-temperature circulating water from the second cooling tower (204) is conveyed to the second condenser (203) through the second circulating water return pipe (213) by the second circulating water pump (205), and the heated low-temperature circulating water is conveyed to the second cooling tower (204) through the second circulating water supply pipe (212);
in the first cogeneration unit (1), a first regulating valve (123) and a first stop valve (125) are closed, a cooling steam pipe (111) is in a closed state, and a cooling steam system is not put into operation; at the moment, a back pressure hydraulic butterfly valve (121) is fully opened, a condensation hydraulic butterfly valve (122), a fifth regulating valve (129) and a sixth regulating valve (130) are opened and regulated, part of exhaust steam of a middle pressure cylinder (101) of the first steam turbine enters a low pressure cylinder (102) of the first steam turbine to continuously apply work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the middle pressure cylinder (101) of the first steam turbine enters a first heat supply network heat exchanger (107) to heat supply network water from a heat supply network return pipe (61); at this time, the second regulating valve (126), the third regulating valve (127) and the fourth regulating valve (128) are opened, the low-temperature circulating water from the first cooling tower (104) is conveyed to the first condenser (103) through the first circulating water return pipe (114) by the first circulating water pump (105), and the heated low-temperature circulating water is conveyed to the first cooling tower (104) through the first circulating water supply pipe (113);
opening and adjusting a fourteenth adjusting valve (63) and a sixteenth adjusting valve (65), enabling the heat supply network water from the heat supply network water return pipe (61) to enter a first heat supply network heat exchanger (107) and a second heat supply network heat exchanger (206) at the same time, opening and adjusting a fifteenth adjusting valve (64) and a seventeenth adjusting valve (66), and after the heated heat supply network water is output and mixed, supplying heat to the outside through the heat supply network water supply pipe (62);
when the first cogeneration unit (1) is in a back pressure working condition and the second cogeneration unit (2) is in a heat supply working condition:
in a second heat and power cogeneration unit (2), a second condensation hydraulic butterfly valve (221), a ninth regulating valve (224) and a tenth regulating valve (225) are opened and regulated, part of exhaust steam of a second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (201) enters a second turbine low pressure cylinder (202) to continuously apply work, and the other part of exhaust steam of the second turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (201) enters a second heat supply network heat exchanger (206) to heat supply network water from a heat supply network return pipe (61); at this time, a seventh regulating valve (222) and an eighth regulating valve (223) are opened and regulated, the low-temperature circulating water from the second cooling tower (204) is conveyed to the second condenser (203) through the second circulating water pipe (213) by using the second circulating water pump (205), and the heated low-temperature circulating water is conveyed to the second cooling tower (204) through the second circulating water pipe (212);
in the first cogeneration unit (1), a first regulating valve (123) and a first stop valve (125) are opened, a cooling steam pipe (111) is in an open state, and a cooling steam system is put into operation; at the moment, a back pressure hydraulic butterfly valve (121) and a condensate pumping hydraulic butterfly valve (122) are fully closed, a fifth regulating valve (129) and a sixth regulating valve (130) are opened, and all exhaust steam of a pressure cylinder (101) in a first steam turbine enters a first heat supply network heat exchanger (107) to heat supply network water from a heat supply network return pipe (61); at the moment, the exhaust steam of the medium-pressure cylinder (101) of the first steam turbine with small flow rate firstly passes through a pressure reducing valve (124) to reduce the pressure, then passes through a steam cooling device (106) to reduce the temperature, and then enters the low-pressure cylinder (102) of the first steam turbine to be cooled; at this time, the second regulating valve (126), the third regulating valve (127) and the fourth regulating valve (128) are closed, and the first circulating water pump (105) and the first cooling tower (104) are not put into operation; at the moment, an eleventh regulating valve (31) and a twelfth regulating valve (41) are opened, part of low-temperature circulating water from the second cooling tower (204) is conveyed to the first condenser (103) through the circulating water return branch pipe (3), and the heated low-temperature circulating water is conveyed to the second cooling tower (204) through the circulating water supply branch pipe (4);
opening and adjusting a fourteenth adjusting valve (63) and a sixteenth adjusting valve (65), enabling the heat supply network water from the heat supply network water return pipe (61) to enter the first heat supply network heat exchanger (107) and the second heat supply network heat exchanger (206) at the same time, opening and adjusting a fifteenth adjusting valve (64) and a seventeenth adjusting valve (66), and after the heated heat supply network water is output and mixed, supplying heat to the outside through the heat supply network water supply pipe (62).
5. The method for adjusting a cogeneration system for improving heat and heat safety of a condensing and back pumping system according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
when the first heat and power cogeneration unit (1) and the second heat and power cogeneration unit (2) are both in a heating working condition:
closing an eleventh regulating valve (31) and a twelfth regulating valve (41), wherein the circulating water system of the first cogeneration unit (1) is not communicated with the circulating water system of the second cogeneration unit (2), and the circulating water systems are independently operated;
closing a thirteenth regulating valve (51), wherein the heating steam of the first heat supply network heat exchanger (107) and the heating steam of the second heat supply network heat exchanger (206) are not communicated with each other, and each keeps independent operation;
when the first cogeneration unit (1) is in a back pressure working condition and the second cogeneration unit (2) is in a heat supply working condition:
opening an eleventh regulating valve (31) and a twelfth regulating valve (41), wherein a first cooling tower (104) and a first circulating water pump (105) of the first cogeneration unit (1) are not put into operation, the second cooling tower (204) and the second circulating water pump (205) are utilized to simultaneously provide low-temperature circulating water for the first cogeneration unit (1) and the second cogeneration unit (2), and the opening degrees of the eighth regulating valve (223) and the eleventh regulating valve (31) are regulated to respectively regulate the low-temperature circulating water quantity entering the second condenser (203) and the first condenser (103);
at this time, the exhaust steam of the medium pressure cylinder (101) of the first turbine is all used for supplying heat to the outside, the heat load of the first heat supply network heat exchanger (107) is overlarge, so that the heat supply safety is reduced, the thirteenth regulating valve (51) is opened and regulated, part of the exhaust steam of the medium pressure cylinder (101) of the first turbine is conveyed to the second heat supply network heat exchanger (206) through the heating steam branch pipe (5), and the excessive heat load of the first heat supply network heat exchanger (107) is absorbed by utilizing the rich capacity of the second heat supply network heat exchanger (206).
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| CN109356677B (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2023-09-19 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Novel condensing back-pumping heat supply system for multi-low pressure cylinder steam turbine and operation method |
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