CN107981065B - Compound bacterial liquid, fermented feed using compound bacterial liquid and application of compound bacterial liquid in preparation of feed for improving intestinal health of weaned pigs - Google Patents
Compound bacterial liquid, fermented feed using compound bacterial liquid and application of compound bacterial liquid in preparation of feed for improving intestinal health of weaned pigs Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a compound bacterial liquid, a fermented feed using the compound bacterial liquid and an application of the compound bacterial liquid in preparation of a feed for improving intestinal health of weaned pigs, and relates to the technical field of feed processing. The compound bacterial liquid has the characteristics that various glycogen such as glucose, xylose, sucrose, molasses and other saccharides can be used as carbon sources, urea and nitric acid are used as nitrogen sources, and the compound bacterial liquid can grow without growth factors, and the protein yield is high. The fermented feed contains various beneficial microorganisms and organic acids, and can improve intestinal environment of livestock. The preparation method of the fermented feed is simple in process, simple and convenient, and easy to operate by various farmers and feed production enterprises. The complete feed can maintain intestinal health without containing antibiotics. The application of the compound bacterial liquid in preparing the feed for improving the intestinal health of weaned pigs. Can enhance the immunity of piglets, reduce the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets, improve the utilization rate of feed and reduce the breeding cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of feed processing, in particular to a compound bacterial liquid, a fermented feed using the compound bacterial liquid and application of the compound bacterial liquid in preparation of a feed for improving intestinal health of weaned piglets.
Background
At present, in the pig raising industry, the production performance of sows can be obviously improved and the feeding cost can be reduced in the way of early weaning of piglets. However, because the digestive function of the piglets is not perfect, the enzyme system is not perfect, the autoimmunity is low and the like, early weaning syndrome of the piglets is easily induced, gastrointestinal tract dysfunction, slow growth or stagnation and even death of the piglets are caused, and great economic loss is caused for pig raising production. The quality of piglet diarrhea control gradually becomes one of important indexes for measuring the success of piglet culture, and also becomes a problem to be solved urgently in the feed industry.
Therefore, the addition of antibiotics to the feed has become a major means to solve this phenomenon. It is known that the feed antibiotics can inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms in the digestive tract of piglets, reduce the consumption of nutrients in vivo, inhibit or kill some pathogenic microorganisms, enhance the disease resistance of piglets and prevent diseases. However, in the case of severe intestinal diseases, the harmful flora is killed or suppressed by antibiotic therapy, and the beneficial flora in the intestinal tract is also killed or suppressed. Research shows that many vaccines and medicines do not reduce the death rate of piglets, and the main reasons for causing diarrhea of weaned piglets are dysbacteriosis and insufficient digestive enzymes.
The intestinal tract is an organ mainly responsible for digestion and absorption of nutrient substances in livestock and poultry bodies, and the development and health condition of the intestinal tract are important to the growth and health of the livestock and poultry. The intestinal tract of young livestock, such as newborn piglets, is in rapid development, the structure and the function are not complete, and the digestion and absorption of nutrients and the function of immune barrier are limited greatly. In addition, weaning stress leads to atrophy of the intestinal mucosa, disruption of the intestinal epithelial integrity and intestinal mucosal barrier, and intestinal dysfunction. The development and maturation of intestinal tissues, the repair of injuries, the improvement of structures and the maintenance of functions need special nutrients and consume a large amount of nutrients, so that the nutrition regulation and control are the most effective means for ensuring the healthy development and the normal functions of intestinal tracts of piglets. Research shows that more than 85% of piglet diarrhea is caused by intestinal microbial imbalance, the piglet can be recovered by correcting the microecological balance without antibiotic treatment, and how to correct the microecological balance is one of the problems to be solved urgently.
The fermented feed has the characteristics of improving the palatability of the feed, improving the nutritional value of the feed, lowering the production cost, fully utilizing various feed raw materials and the like, has great research and development potential, and is an important direction for the development of the current antibiotic-free safe feed. The pH value of the fermented feed is generally below 4.5, a large amount of organic acids such as lactic acid, lactic acid bacteria and other beneficial microorganisms are contained, and harmful microorganisms in the fermented feed can be inhibited by an acid environment and other bacteriostatic substances.
Therefore, a method for improving the ecological balance relationship of the intestinal flora of the piglets is sought from the aspect of developing fermented feeds so as to achieve the purposes of improving the utilization rate of the feeds, enhancing the immunity of the piglets and preventing and treating diarrhea, and the method is a problem to be solved.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compound bacterial liquid, and solves the technical problem that a compound bacterial agent capable of effectively fermenting protein and macromolecular saccharides in a matrix is lacked in the prior art.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a fermented feed, which solves the technical problem that the prior art lacks a fermented feed which is fully fermented, rich in beneficial bacteria and easy to absorb nutrient substances.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of fermented feed, which alleviates the technical problem that the prior art lacks a fermented feed capable of sufficiently fermenting the substrate.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a complete feed containing the fermented feed, which alleviates the defect of the prior art that the feed does not contain antibiotics and can maintain intestinal health.
The fifth purpose of the invention is to provide an application of the compound bacterial liquid in preparation of a feed for improving intestinal health of weaned pigs, and to relieve the technical problems of intestinal flora imbalance of weaned pigs and early weaning syndrome of piglets induced by diarrhea caused by the feed containing antibiotics in the prior art.
The invention provides a composite bacterial liquid which mainly comprises the following components: aspergillus oryzae, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Candida utilis.
Further, the composite bacterial liquid mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 1-5 parts of bifidobacterium, 1-5 parts of clostridium butyricum, 1-5 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 5-15 parts of candida utilis.
Further, the composite bacterial liquid mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 1-3.5 parts of bifidobacterium, 1-3 parts of clostridium butyricum, 1-2.5 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 8-12 parts of candida utilis.
Further, the composite bacterial liquid mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 2 parts of bifidobacterium, 1 part of clostridium butyricum, 2 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 10 parts of candida utilis.
The invention provides a fermented feed, and raw materials of the fermented feed comprise the compound bacterial liquid.
The invention provides a preparation method of fermented feed, which mainly comprises the following steps: respectively preparing a matrix and the compound bacterial liquid, inoculating the prepared compound bacterial liquid into the matrix, uniformly mixing, and fermenting to obtain the fermented feed.
Further, the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-62 parts of soybean meal, 8-15 parts of wheat bran, 2-8 parts of molasses, 5-13 parts of corn flour, 5-12 parts of peanut meal, 2-10 parts of rapeseed meal, 4-11 parts of corn protein powder, 1-8 parts of soybean protein isolate and 0.5-1.5 parts of salt;
preferably, 52 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of wheat bran, 6 parts of molasses, 8 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 6 parts of corn protein powder, 6 parts of soybean protein isolate and 1 part of salt.
Further, the adding amount of the composite bacterial liquid in the matrix is 5-15% (v/w).
The invention provides a complete feed which comprises the fermented feed.
The invention provides an application of the compound bacterial liquid in preparation of a feed for improving intestinal health of weaned pigs.
The composite bacterial liquid provided by the invention has the characteristics that various glycogen such as glucose, xylose, sucrose, molasses and other saccharides can be used as carbon sources, urea and nitric acid are used as nitrogen sources, and the composite bacterial liquid can grow without growth factors, and the protein yield is high. The fermented feed provided by the invention contains various beneficial microorganisms and organic acids, and can improve the intestinal environment of livestock. The preparation method of the fermented feed provided by the invention is simple in process, simple and convenient, and easy to operate by various farmers and feed production enterprises. The complete feed provided by the invention can maintain intestinal health while not containing antibiotics. The invention provides application of the compound bacterial liquid in preparation of a feed for improving intestinal health of weaned pigs. Can enhance the immunity of piglets, reduce the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets, improve the utilization rate of feed and reduce the breeding cost.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a composite bacterial liquid which mainly comprises the following components: aspergillus oryzae, Bifidobacterium iniae, Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Candida utilis.
The composite bacterial liquid provided by the invention comprises Aspergillus oryzae, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus delbrueckii, can generate various enzymes such as amylase, pepsin and the like in fermentation, can degrade macromolecular organic substances such as starch, protein and the like in feed into micromolecular monosaccharide, double ponds, various amino acids and other nutrient substances, and can be absorbed by livestock more easily. Aspergillus oryzae has abundant protease system, can produce acidic, neutral and alkaline proteins, has high stability, and can eliminate anti-nutritional factors and antigen proteins in fermentation substrate; bifidobacteria, which are considered as key microorganisms in the intestinal tract of humans and other warm-blooded animals, are well-known intestinal probiotics and can maintain the balance of the normal flora in the intestinal tract and inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms; the clostridium butyricum is also called clostridium butyricum, has the functions of improving the ecological environment in intestinal tracts, reducing intestinal diseases and improving immunity, has stronger antagonistic action on pathogenic bacteria, and can inhibit the growth and the propagation of escherichia coli, typhoid bacillus and dysentery bacillus. The lactobacillus delbrueckii homotype fermentation lactobacillus contains and metabolizes to produce various nutrient substances, digestive enzymes and antibacterial substances, and plays an important role in promoting nutrient digestion and absorption of animal organisms and regulating physiological functions of animals.
In an optional embodiment, the composite bacterial liquid mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 1-5 parts of bifidobacterium, 1-5 parts of clostridium butyricum, 1-5 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 5-15 parts of candida utilis.
Wherein, the aspergillus oryzae can be, but not limited to, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts; 1-5 parts of bifidobacterium, such as but not limited to 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts; 1-5 parts of clostridium butyricum, such as but not limited to 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts; 1-5 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii, such as but not limited to 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts; the candida utilis is 5 to 15 parts, for example, but not limited to, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts or 15 parts.
In a preferred embodiment, the composite bacterial liquid mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 2 parts of bifidobacterium, 1 part of clostridium butyricum, 2 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 10 parts of candida utilis.
In an optional embodiment, the composite bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing an aspergillus oryzae seed liquid, a bifidobacterium iniae seed liquid, a clostridium butyricum seed liquid, a lactobacillus delbrueckii seed liquid and a candida utilis seed liquid.
In a preferred embodiment, the Aspergillus oryzae seed solution is prepared by the following steps:
inoculating the activated aspergillus oryzae strain to a culture medium containing SP, and culturing for 20 hours in a constant temperature shaking table at 37 ℃ with the rotation speed of the shaking table being 200rpm to obtain the standby seed liquid.
The SP culture medium formula is as follows: 20g/L of soluble starch, 1g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.5g/L of ammonium sulfate and 20g/L of agar, and dissolving the mixture in bean cake leaching juice.
The preparation method of the bean cake leaching juice comprises the following steps: 100 g of bean cake is added with 500ml of water, soaked for 4 hours, boiled for 3 to 4 hours, naturally filtered by gauze, and the liquid is taken out and adjusted to 5 Baume degrees.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for preparing the bifidobacterium seed solution comprises the following steps:
inoculating activated Bifidobacterium into a culture medium containing TPY, adjusting pH to 7.0, culturing in a constant temperature shaking table at 30 deg.C for 24 hr, and rotating at the speed of 180rpm to obtain the seed solution.
The formula of the TPY culture medium is as follows: 15g/L of peptone, 2g/L of yeast powder, 20g/L of glucose, 0.5g/L of soluble starch, 5g/L of sodium chloride, 10Ml of 5% cysteine, 400Ml of tomato extract, 801 Ml of tween, 80Ml of liver extract, 20g/L of agar and distilled water.
In a preferred embodiment, the bifidobacterium is bifidobacterium iniae. Bifidobacterium iniae is a probiotic isolated from pig intestinal tract, plays a crucial role in regulating intestinal flora balance, and can effectively relieve intestinal inflammation and irritable bowel syndrome symptoms and prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
In a preferred embodiment, the clostridium butyricum seed solution is prepared by the following method:
inoculating the activated clostridium butyricum into 200mL of a preset RCM culture medium, adjusting the pH value to 7.3, culturing in a constant-temperature shaking table at 37 ℃ for 18h, and obtaining the standby seed solution when the rotation speed of the shaking table is 220 rpm.
The formula of the RCM culture medium is as follows: 3g/L of yeast extract, 10g/L of beef extract, 10g/L of tryptone, 5g/L of glucose, 1g/L of soluble starch, 5g/L of sodium chloride, 3g/L of sodium acetate trihydrate, 0.15g/L of cysteine hydrochloride and distilled water.
In a preferred embodiment, the lactobacillus delbrueckii seed solution is prepared by the following steps:
inoculating activated Lactobacillus delbrueckii to a culture medium containing MSR, adjusting pH to 6.2, culturing in a constant temperature shaking table at 37 ℃ for 24h, wherein the rotation speed of the shaking table is 220rpm, and thus obtaining the standby seed solution.
The MSR culture medium formula is as follows: 20g/L of glucose, 10g/L of peptone, 10g/L of beef extract, 5g/L of yeast extract, 2g/L of dipotassium phosphate, 5g/L of anhydrous sodium acetate, 2g/L of triammonium citrate, 0.58g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and 0.25g/L of manganese sulfate tetrahydrate; tween 801 mL for distilled water.
In a preferred embodiment, the candida utilis seed solution is prepared by the following method:
inoculating the activated candida utilis into a culture medium which is optimized in advance, adjusting the pH value to be 5.5, culturing for 24 hours in a constant-temperature shaking table at the temperature of 30 ℃, and obtaining the standby seed solution when the rotating speed of the shaking table is 122 rpm.
The formula of the culture medium is as follows: 30g/L of peptone, 60g/L of sucrose, 2g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.5g/L of magnesium sulfate and 1g/L of ammonium sulfate, and dissolving in distilled water.
The invention provides a fermented feed, and raw materials of the fermented feed comprise the compound bacterial liquid.
The clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus delbrueckii in the compound bacterial liquid are excellent strains suitable for solid-state fermented feed, can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of a large amount of mixed bacteria and harmful bacteria contained in a feeding system and feed raw materials, and ensure the good fermentation of the fermented solid-state feed. Aspergillus oryzae can produce a large amount of protease, amylase, glucoamylase, cellulase, phytase, etc. by using raw materials, and can degrade amylose and amylopectin in the raw materials into dextrin and various low-molecular saccharides, such as maltose, glucose, etc.; the indigestible macromolecular protein is degraded into peptone, polypeptide and various amino acids, and the substances which are difficult to absorb, such as crude fiber, phytic acid and the like in the raw materials can be degraded, so that the nutritional value is improved. Bifidobacterium iniae, a probiotic separated from pig intestinal tract, plays a vital role in regulating intestinal flora balance, and can effectively relieve intestinal inflammation and irritable bowel syndrome symptoms and prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The growth of the candida utilis can decompose and utilize carbohydrate to synthesize microbial protein, the protein level of the fermented feed is greatly improved, and a large amount of yeast glucan generated by fermentation has the effects of enhancing individual immunocompetence, repairing cells and improving intestinal functions. Most harmful microorganisms in the intestinal tract are aerobic microorganisms, bifidobacterium iniae, clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus delbrueckii used in the invention are anaerobic microorganisms, and aspergillus oryzae and candida utilis are oxygen consuming microorganisms, so that oxygen in the intestinal tract can be rapidly exhausted, and favorable conditions are created for the growth of beneficial microorganisms.
The invention provides a preparation method of fermented feed, which mainly comprises the following steps: respectively preparing the matrix and the compound bacterial liquid, inoculating the prepared compound bacterial liquid into the matrix, uniformly mixing, and fermenting to obtain the fermented feed.
In an alternative embodiment, the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-62 parts of soybean meal, such as but not limited to 50 parts, 51 parts, 52 parts, 53 parts, 54 parts, 55 parts, 56 parts, 57 parts, 58 parts, 59 parts, 60 parts, 61 parts or 62 parts; wheat bran 8-15 parts, such as but not limited to 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts or 15 parts; 2-8 parts of molasses, such as but not limited to 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts or 8 parts; corn flour 5-13 parts, such as but not limited to 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts or 13 parts; 5-12 parts of peanut meal, such as but not limited to 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts or 12 parts; 2-10 parts of rapeseed dregs, such as but not limited to 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts; 4-11 parts of corn protein powder, such as but not limited to 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts or 11 parts; 1-8 parts of soybean protein isolate, such as but not limited to 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts or 8 parts; the salt is 0.5 to 1.5 parts, and may be, for example, but not limited to, 0.5 parts, 0.6 parts, 0.7 parts, 0.8 parts, 0.9 parts, 1 part, 1.1 parts, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, or 1.5 parts.
In a preferred embodiment, the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 52 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of wheat bran, 6 parts of molasses, 8 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 6 parts of corn protein powder, 6 parts of soybean protein isolate and 1 part of salt.
In an optional embodiment, the amount of the composite bacterial liquid added to the matrix is 5-15% (v/w). For example, but not limited to, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, or 15%.
In a preferred embodiment, the amount of the composite bacterial liquid added to the matrix is 8%.
The invention provides a complete feed containing the fermented feed. The complete feed does not contain antibiotics, and can maintain intestinal health while not containing antibiotics.
The invention provides an application of the compound bacterial liquid in preparation of a feed for improving intestinal health of weaned pigs.
The invention provides a feed for improving the intestinal health of weaned pigs, which comprises the fermented feed. The feed can promote the proliferation of beneficial flora in intestinal tract of piglets, control the growth of harmful flora, and keep intestinal tract healthy; when the piglets have catarrhal diarrhea, the feed can correct the intestinal micro-ecological balance, inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, protect intestinal wall chorion, timely stop diarrhea and promote the intestinal recovery after diarrhea. The prepared solid-state fermented feed has an obvious effect, not only can improve the utilization rate of the feed and promote the growth of piglets, but also can improve and maintain the balance of intestinal flora, improve the immunity and disease resistance of the piglets, effectively improve the diarrhea of the piglets and increase the survival rate of the piglets. The preparation process of the fermented feed and the final product of the fermented feed do not contain antibiotics, and the fermented feed is green, safe and environment-friendly.
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below in connection with preferred embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a compound bacterial liquid which comprises 1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 5 parts of bifidobacterium iniae, 1 part of clostridium butyricum, 5 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 5 parts of candida utilis in parts by weight.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a compound bacterial liquid which comprises, by weight, 5 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 1 part of bifidobacterium iniae, 5 parts of clostridium butyricum, 1 part of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 15 parts of candida utilis.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a compound bacterial liquid which comprises 1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 3.5 parts of bifidobacterium iniae, 1 part of clostridium butyricum, 2.5 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 8 parts of candida utilis in parts by weight.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a compound bacterial liquid which comprises, by weight, 3 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 1 part of bifidobacterium iniae, 3 parts of clostridium butyricum, 1 part of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 12 parts of candida utilis.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a compound bacterial liquid which comprises 1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 2 parts of bifidobacterium iniae, 1 part of clostridium butyricum, 2 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 10 parts of candida utilis in parts by weight.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a compound bacterial liquid which comprises, by weight, 0.5 part of aspergillus oryzae, 10 parts of bifidobacterium iniae, 0.5 part of clostridium butyricum, 10 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 1 part of candida utilis.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a compound bacterial liquid which comprises 8 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 0.5 part of bifidobacterium iniae, 7 parts of clostridium butyricum, 0.5 part of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 20 parts of candida utilis in parts by weight.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a composite bacterial liquid, which is different from the composite bacterial liquid in example 1 in that the composite bacterial liquid does not contain aspergillus oryzae and comprises 2 parts of bifidobacterium iniae, 1 part of clostridium butyricum, 2 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 10 parts of candida utilis according to parts by weight.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides a composite bacterial liquid, which is different from the composite bacterial liquid in example 1 in that the composite bacterial liquid does not contain bifidobacterium iniae and comprises 1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 1 part of clostridium butyricum, 2 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 10 parts of candida utilis according to parts by weight.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example provides a composite bacterial liquid, which is different from the composite bacterial liquid in example 1 in that the composite bacterial liquid does not contain clostridium butyricum and comprises 1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 2 parts of bifidobacterium iniae, 2 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 10 parts of candida utilis according to parts by weight.
Comparative example 6
The comparative example provides a composite bacterial liquid, which is different from the composite bacterial liquid in example 1 in that the composite bacterial liquid does not contain lactobacillus delbrueckii and comprises 1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 2 parts of bifidobacterium iniae, 1 part of clostridium butyricum and 10 parts of candida utilis according to parts by weight.
Comparative example 7
The comparative example provides a composite bacterial liquid, which is different from the composite bacterial liquid in example 1 in that the composite bacterial liquid does not contain candida utilis and comprises 1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 2 parts of bifidobacterium inia, 1 part of clostridium butyricum and 2 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii in parts by weight.
Example 6:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of a fermented feed, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a composite bacterial liquid:
respectively preparing Aspergillus oryzae, Bifidobacterium porfii, Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Candida utilis into seed solutions, and mixing uniformly to obtain the compound bacterial solution. The preparation method of the seed liquid comprises the following steps:
(a) preparation method of aspergillus oryzae seed liquid
Inoculating the activated aspergillus oryzae strain to a culture medium containing SP, and culturing for 20 hours in a constant temperature shaking table at 37 ℃ with the rotation speed of the shaking table being 200rpm to obtain the standby seed liquid.
The SP culture medium formula is as follows: 20g/L of soluble starch, 1g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.5g/L of ammonium sulfate and 20g/L of agar, and dissolving the mixture in bean cake leaching juice.
The preparation method of the bean cake leaching juice comprises the following steps: 100 g of bean cake is added with 500ml of water, soaked for 4 hours, boiled for 3 to 4 hours, naturally filtered by gauze, and the liquid is taken out and adjusted to 5 Baume degrees.
(b) Preparation method of bifidobacterium iniae seed liquid
Inoculating activated Bifidobacterium iniae to a culture medium containing TPY, adjusting pH to 7.0, culturing in a shaking table at 30 deg.C for 24 hr at a rotation speed of 180rpm to obtain the seed solution.
The formula of the TPY culture medium is as follows: 15g/L of peptone, 2g/L of yeast powder, 20g/L of glucose, 0.5g/L of soluble starch, 5g/L of sodium chloride, 10Ml of 5% cysteine, 400Ml of tomato extract, 801 Ml of tween, 80Ml of liver extract, 20g/L of agar and distilled water.
(c) Preparation method of clostridium butyricum seed liquid
Inoculating the activated clostridium butyricum into 200mL of a preset RCM culture medium, adjusting the pH value to 7.3, culturing in a constant-temperature shaking table at 37 ℃ for 18h, and obtaining the standby seed solution when the rotation speed of the shaking table is 220 rpm.
The formula of the RCM culture medium is as follows: 3g/L of yeast extract, 10g/L of beef extract, 10g/L of tryptone, 5g/L of glucose, 1g/L of soluble starch, 5g/L of sodium chloride, 3g/L of sodium acetate trihydrate, 0.15g/L of cysteine hydrochloride and distilled water.
(d) Preparation method of lactobacillus delbrueckii seed liquid
Inoculating activated Lactobacillus delbrueckii to a culture medium containing MSR, adjusting pH to 6.2, culturing in a constant temperature shaking table at 37 ℃ for 24h, wherein the rotation speed of the shaking table is 220rpm, and thus obtaining the standby seed solution.
The MSR culture medium formula is as follows: 20g/L of glucose, 10g/L of peptone, 10g/L of beef extract, 5g/L of yeast extract, 2g/L of dipotassium phosphate, 5g/L of anhydrous sodium acetate, 2g/L of triammonium citrate, 0.58g/L of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and 0.25g/L of manganese sulfate tetrahydrate; tween 801 mL for distilled water.
(e) Preparation method of candida utilis seed liquid
Inoculating the activated candida utilis into a culture medium which is optimized in advance, adjusting the pH value to be 5.5, culturing for 24 hours in a constant-temperature shaking table at the temperature of 30 ℃, and obtaining the standby seed solution when the rotating speed of the shaking table is 122 rpm.
The formula of the culture medium is as follows: 30g/L of peptone, 60g/L of sucrose, 2g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.5g/L of magnesium sulfate and 1g/L of ammonium sulfate, and dissolving in distilled water.
(II) preparing fermented feed:
(a) the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 52 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of wheat bran, 6 parts of molasses, 8 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 6 parts of corn protein powder, 6 parts of soybean protein isolate and 1 part of salt.
(b) Mixing the feed raw materials uniformly, then putting the mixture into a sterile polyethylene plastic film bag, wherein the adding amount of the composite bacterium liquid in the matrix is 8% (v/w), the adding amount of the protease is 110U/g, the volume-to-weight ratio of the material to the water is 1: 0.6, sealing, fermenting, keeping the temperature at 37 ℃, fermenting for 160h, and after the fermentation is finished, drying and crushing the mixture in the air in a natural state to obtain a fermented feed finished product.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a complete feed:
the formula is as follows: 48.25 percent of Xinjiang corn, 13 percent of flour, 14 percent of wheat middling, 2.5 percent of imported fish meal, 13 percent of peeled soybean meal with the concentration of 46 percent, 3 percent of fermented feed, 1 percent of cheese powder, 1.5 percent of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.8 percent of soybean oil, 0.4 percent of edible salt, 0.3 percent of zinc oxide, 0.65 percent of lysine with the concentration of 98 percent, 0.1 percent of threonine, 0.1 percent of methionine, 0.5 percent of tryptophan with the concentration of 10 percent and 0.9 percent of premix.
The premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30000mg of copper; iron, 19000 mg; zinc, 18000 mg; manganese, 9600 mg; iodine, 80 mg; selenium, 70 mg; vitamin a, 800000 IU; vitamin D3, 240000 IU; vitamin E, 2400 IU; vitamin K3, 480 mg; vitamin B1, 150 mg; vitamin B2, 480 mg; vitamin B6, 240 mg; vitamin B12, 1.6 mg; niacin, 3100 mg; pantothenic acid, 1900 mg; folic acid, 100 mg; biotin, 6mg and choline chloride, 40000 mg.
Comparative example 8
This comparative example provides a complete feed, differing from example 7 in that it does not contain fermented feed.
Comparative example 9
This comparative example provides a complete feed, differing from example 7 in that it does not contain fermented feed and has added 0.1% of oxytetracycline calcium (20%) and 0.05% of chlortetracycline (15%).
Effect example 1:
fermented feeds containing the raw materials of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were prepared by the preparation methods of example 6, respectively, and the soluble protein content in the fermented feeds of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 7 was measured, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 fermented feed material content
As can be seen from the data in the table, the fermented feed provided by the invention has higher content of soluble protein and small molecular sugar, and is easier to absorb. Meanwhile, the comparison of the fermented feeds of the examples and the comparative examples shows that the composite bacterial liquid used in the fermented feed of the examples can sufficiently ferment and degrade the matrix in the feed, so that the protein, the starch and the fiber are sufficiently degraded into soluble protein and micromolecular saccharides. Therefore, the fermentation effect of the compound bacterial liquid can be effectively improved through the matching and compounding effects of the components.
Meanwhile, the comparison of the effects of the embodiments shows that different raw material ratios also have certain influence on the fermentation effect of the compound bacterial liquid, and the effect achieved by the ratio of the embodiment 5 is optimal,
the mixture ratio of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 can achieve good fermentation effect.
Effect example 2
Comparative example 7, comparative example 8 and comparative example 9 had an effect on the growth of weaned piglets.
First, 16 piglets were fed to weaning piglets at age 21 days, and the results of observing the effect on the diarrhea rate of piglets are shown in table 3:
TABLE 2 Effect of fermented feed on diarrhea Rate in weaned piglets
Note: the difference between lower case letters in the same row represents significant difference (P < 0.05).
The experimental observation on the diarrhea rate of the piglets shows that the fermented feed disclosed by the invention obviously reduces the diarrhea rate of the piglets in three stages of 21-28, 2-35 and 36-42, and has the same effect as antibiotics.
(II) the effect on growth index was observed for 16 piglets each fed to 21-day-old weaned piglets using example 7, comparative example 8 and comparative example 9, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 3 and Table 4.
TABLE 3 Effect of weaned piglet growth index
Note: the difference between lower case letters in the same row represents significant difference (P < 0.05).
Experimental research shows that the daily gain of piglets in 21-42 days old is obviously increased in example 7, and the feed efficiency is obviously increased.
TABLE 4 Effect of feeding weaned piglets on partial microflora in their rectum
Note: the difference between lower case letters in the same row represents significant difference (P < 0.05).
According to experimental results, the fermented feed can completely replace antibiotic medicines, solves the problem of stress of weaned pigs, can effectively improve the immunologic function of the weaned pigs, reduces the morbidity and the mortality, inhibits the reproduction and the growth of pathogenic bacteria in intestinal tracts, improves the flora structure, and ensures the gastrointestinal tract health of the weaned pigs, thereby improving the production performance and the breeding benefit of the weaned pigs.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composite bacterial liquid is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 1-5 parts of bifidobacterium, 1-5 parts of clostridium butyricum, 1-5 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 5-15 parts of candida utilis.
2. The composite bacterial liquid according to claim 1, wherein the composite bacterial liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 1-3.5 parts of bifidobacterium, 1-3 parts of clostridium butyricum, 1-2.5 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 8-12 parts of candida utilis.
3. The composite bacterial liquid according to claim 2, wherein the composite bacterial liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 2 parts of bifidobacterium, 1 part of clostridium butyricum, 2 parts of lactobacillus delbrueckii and 10 parts of candida utilis.
4. A fermented feed, characterized in that the raw material of the fermented feed comprises the composite bacterial liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The preparation method of the fermented feed is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps of: respectively preparing a matrix and the compound bacterial liquid, inoculating the prepared compound bacterial liquid into the matrix, uniformly mixing, and fermenting to obtain the fermented feed.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-62 parts of soybean meal, 8-15 parts of wheat bran, 2-8 parts of molasses, 5-13 parts of corn flour, 5-12 parts of peanut meal, 2-10 parts of rapeseed meal, 4-11 parts of corn protein powder, 1-8 parts of soybean protein isolate and 0.5-1.5 parts of salt.
7. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 52 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of wheat bran, 6 parts of molasses, 8 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of peanut meal, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 6 parts of corn protein powder, 6 parts of soybean protein isolate and 1 part of salt.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the amount of the composite bacterial liquid added to the matrix is 5 to 15% (v/w).
9. A complete feed comprising the fermented feed of claim 4.
10. Use of the composite bacterial liquid according to any one of claims 1-3 in preparation of feed for improving intestinal health of weaned pigs.
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| CN103392946A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-11-20 | 广南(湛江)家丰饲料有限公司 | Pig feed additive capable of effectively improving immunity and intestinal health |
| CN106819481A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 山东碧蓝生物科技有限公司 | A kind of full price fermented feed for piglet religion groove and preparation method thereof |
| CN107279468A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-10-24 | 曲靖双胞胎饲料有限公司 | A kind of probiotics for preventing and treating grice diarrhoea |
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| CN103392946A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-11-20 | 广南(湛江)家丰饲料有限公司 | Pig feed additive capable of effectively improving immunity and intestinal health |
| CN106819481A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 山东碧蓝生物科技有限公司 | A kind of full price fermented feed for piglet religion groove and preparation method thereof |
| CN107279468A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-10-24 | 曲靖双胞胎饲料有限公司 | A kind of probiotics for preventing and treating grice diarrhoea |
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