CN107686483B - 七环缩醛,其制备,抗栓活性和应用 - Google Patents
七环缩醛,其制备,抗栓活性和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D471/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed systems contains four or more hetero rings
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了三种七环缩醛,吡嗪二酮并双‑R,R‑咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双‑S,S‑咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双‑S,R‑咔啉。公开了它们的制备方法,进一步公开了它们的抗栓活性,因而本发明公开了它们在制备抗栓药物中的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及三种七环缩醛,吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉,涉及它们的制备方法,涉及它们的抗栓活性。因而本发明涉及它们在制备抗栓药物中的应用。本发明属于生物医药领域。
技术背景
血栓形成是缺血性心脏病,缺血性中风和静脉血栓的共同病理。在全球范围内,缺血性心脏病和缺血性中风导致的死亡人数占全部因病死亡人数的1/4。而静脉血栓则是不发达国家,中等发达国家和高度发达国家主要的疾病负担。血栓可以使得一系列相关的疾病恶化,例如极少出现的生物材料管的堵塞性血栓可以为反复换管,或接受溶栓治疗或长期接受抗凝治疗的患者带来难以预料的后果,可以引起接受经皮冠状动脉内介入治疗后患者再栓塞,可以伴随肝素诱导的血小板减少症状,以及弯曲的冠状动脉血栓可以引起急性冠状综合症。此外,血栓形成是相关疾病的合并症,例如大块的脑静脉血栓是患有癫痫病的早期怀孕妇女的合并症,以及支架血栓是经皮冠状动脉内介入治疗患者的严重合并症。可见,发明新型抗血栓药物具有临床重要性。
β-咔啉是抑制血栓的重要药效团。然而β-咔啉的有效剂量,例如3S-1,2,3,4-四氢-β- 咔啉-3-羧酸抗血栓的有效剂量就高达5μmol/kg,仍然有待降低。发明人假设,两个β- 咔啉药效团融合,例如两个(S)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸分子间缩合为吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉;两个(R)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9- 四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸分子间缩合为吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉;一个 (R)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸与一个(S)-1-(2,2- 二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸分子间缩合为吡嗪二酮并双 -S,R-咔啉。这三种新型七环化合物,应有强的抗血栓活性。根据这个假设,发明人提出了本发明。
发明的内容
本发明的第一个内容是提供下式的三种七环缩醛,吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉。
本发明的第二个内容是提供三种七环缩醛,吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉的制备方法,该方法包括:
(1)将L-色氨酸苄酯在三氟醋酸的催化下与1,1,3,3-四甲氧基丙烷进行Pictet-Spe- gler缩合,得到(S)-苄基-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸(1);
(2)在甲醇溶液中(S)-苄基-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸在Pd/C催化下,氢化脱去苄酯得到(S)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H -吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸(2);
(3)在2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATu)和N-羟基苯并三唑(HOBt)存在下,(S)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚- 3-羧酸在无水DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)分子间缩合为吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉;(R)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸在无水DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)分子间缩合为吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉;(R)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸与(S)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸在无水DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)分子间缩合为吡嗪二酮并双-S, R-咔啉。
本发明的第三个内容是评价吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉的抗栓作用。
本发明的第四个内容是阐述吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉在制备抗栓药物中的用途。
附图说明
图1吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉的合成路线.ⅰ)CH2Cl2,TFA;ⅱ)Pd/C,H2,CH3OH;ⅲ)HATu,HOBt,三乙胺,无水DMF。
具体实施方式
为了进一步阐述本发明,下面给出一系列实施例。这些实施例完全是例证性的,它们仅用来对本发明进行具体描述,不应当理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1制备(3S)-苄基-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚- 3-羧酸(1)
冰浴下将150mL CH2Cl2,5mL 1,1,3,3-四甲氧基丙烷及5mL三氟醋酸的混合物搅拌40min,然后往里加5g(17.0mmol)L-Trp-OBzl。反应化合物搅拌14h后点 TLC(CH2Cl2:CH3OH,30:1)显示原料点消失。反应液用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗3次、饱和NaC水溶液洗3次、合并CH2Cl2层、无水NaSO4干燥、减压过滤,滤液减压浓缩、残留物用硅胶柱层析纯化(CH2Cl2:CH3OH,100:1),得5.9g(87%)标题化合物,为棕红色油状物。ESI-MS(m/e)393[M+H]-。
实施例2制备(3S)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸(2)
将3.96g(10.0mmol)(3S)-苄基-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3, 4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸(1)用150mL CH3OH溶解、加入400mg Pd/C、搅拌均匀、充入氢气、反应18h、TLC板(CH2Cl2:CH3OH,30:1)显示原料点消失。反应混合物减压过滤,滤液减压浓缩,得2.73g(89%)标题化合物,为黄色固体。ESI-MS(m/e)303[M-H]-。
实施例3制备(2’S,5’S)-四氢吡嗪[1’,2’:1,6]并双{(1S,S)-[1-二甲氧乙基-2-基]-2,3,4, 9-四氢-1H-吡啶[3,4-b]并吲哚}-1’,4’-二酮(吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉)、(2’S,5’S)-四氢吡嗪 [1’,2’:1,6]并双{(1R,R)-[1-二甲氧乙基-2-基]-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶[3,4-b]并吲哚}-1’,4’- 二酮(吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉)和(2’S,5’S)-四氢吡嗪[1’,2’:1,6]并双{(1S,R)-[1-二甲氧乙基-2-基]-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶[3,4-b]并吲哚}-1’,4’-二酮(吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉)
将886mg(2.91mmol)(3S)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚 -3-羧酸置于100mL反应瓶中,加入50mL无水DMF溶解,冰浴搅拌下分别加入1.29g(3.4mmol)HATU,然后用三甲基吡啶将反应液的pH调至8-9,反应24h后TLC板 (CH2Cl2:CH3OH,60:1)显示原料点消失。反应液减压浓缩,残留物用100mL乙酸乙酯溶解,先后用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),5% KHSO4水溶液洗(30mL×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3),5%NaHCO3水溶液洗(30m L×3),饱和NaCl水溶液洗(30mL×3)萃洗3次,合并乙酸乙酯层,用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压过滤,滤液减压浓缩后得标题化合物,为深黄色固体。从深黄色固体中分离到11 1mg吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉、128mg吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉和278mg吡嗪二酮并双 -S,R-咔啉。总产率共为62%。
实验例1评价吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S, R-咔啉的抗静脉血栓活性
1.大鼠模型雄性SD大鼠(200±20g)适应环境并禁食一天,灌胃给药30min后及手术前2min腹腔注射20%的乌拉坦溶液。将麻醉大鼠腹部备皮、消毒、沿腹白线打开腹腔(下至凝固腺,上至露出肝脏一角)。从腹腔内拖出小肠等器官,并用浸润过生理盐水的纱布包裹。钝性分离血管周围结缔组织,暴露下腔静脉及其分支。在肾静脉下方将腹主动脉和下腔静脉剥离,然后用生理盐水浸湿的缝合线在下腔静脉与左肾静脉的交汇处将下腔静脉结扎。按解剖位置将从腹腔内拖出的器官放回腹腔,用缝合线逐层缝合腹腔。术后将大鼠置于25℃的环境中循环4小时,打开腹腔后,逐个将其分支结扎,从下腔静脉与左肾静脉的交汇处的结扎处开始取出2cm下腔静脉,从中取出血栓称重。
2.给药方法和剂量灌胃给药。空白对照为生理盐水,给药剂量为0.3mL/100g;阳性对照为华法林,给药剂量为4.9μmol/kg;吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-R, R-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉的给药剂量为1μmol/kg。
3.统计方法数据统计均采用t检验和方差分析,栓重以x±SD mg表示。
4.结果结果列入表1。可以看出,在灌胃1μmol/kg的剂量下吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉治疗大鼠的栓重显著小于生理盐水治疗大鼠的栓重,与4.9μmol/kg华法林治疗大鼠的栓重无显著差异,表明它们有良好的抗静脉血栓活性。
表1化合物抗静脉血栓活性
n=12;a)与生理盐水比p<0.01;b)与生理盐水比p<0.01,与华法林比p﹥0.05;c)与与生理盐水比p﹥0.05。
实验例2评价吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S, R-咔啉的抗动脉血栓活性
1.大鼠模型雄性SD大鼠(200±20g)适应环境并禁食一天,灌胃给药30min后及手术前2min腹腔注射20%的乌拉坦溶液。手术前配置抗凝剂肝素钠2.4mg/mL的生理盐水溶液。将实验动物SD雄性大鼠随机分组,分离右颈动脉和左颈静脉,结扎远心端,将一根含有6cm事先已精密称重的丝线的聚乙烯管充满肝素钠生理盐水溶液,聚乙烯管一端插入左颈静脉,一端插入右颈动脉,结扎近心端。血流从右侧动脉经聚乙烯管流入左侧静脉,15分钟后取出丝线并记录血栓湿重。
2.给药方法和剂量给药方式为灌胃。空白对照为生理盐水,给药剂量为0.3mL/100g;阳性对照为阿司匹林,给药剂量为167μmol/kg;吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉的给药剂量为1μmol/kg。
3.统计方法数据统计均采用t检验和方差分析,栓重以x±SDmg表示。
4.结果结果列入表2。可以看出,在灌胃1μmol/kg的剂量下吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉治疗大鼠的栓重显著小于生理盐水治疗大鼠的栓重,与167μmol/kg阿司匹林治疗大鼠的栓重无显著差异,表明它们有良好的抗动脉血栓活性。
表2化合物抗动脉血栓活性
n=12;a)与生理盐水比p<0.01;b)与生理盐水比p<0.05。
Claims (3)
2.权利要求1的三种七环缩醛,吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉的制备方法,该方法包括:
(1)将L-色氨酸苄酯在三氟醋酸的催化下与1,1,3,3-四甲氧基丙烷进行Pictet-Spe-gler缩合,得到(S)-苄基-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸;
(2)在甲醇溶液中(S)-苄基-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸在Pd/C催化下,氢化脱去苄酯得到(S)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸;
(3)在2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATu)和N-羟基苯并三唑存在下,(S)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸在无水DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)分子间缩合为吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉;(R)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸在无水DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)分子间缩合为吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉;(R)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸与(S)-1-(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-羧酸在无水DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)分子间缩合为吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉。
3.权利要求1的三种七环缩醛,吡嗪二酮并双-R,R-咔啉、吡嗪二酮并双-S,S-咔啉和吡嗪二酮并双-S,R-咔啉在制备抗栓药物中的用途。
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