CN106947318B - 一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水的制备及其应用 - Google Patents
一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水的制备及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水的制备及其应用，其主要由如下重量份组分混合物均匀分散得到：单分散纳米微球1.0‑5.0份(以固含量计)，商品级染料0.1‑1.5份，保湿剂0.1‑1.0份，粘度调节剂0.1‑1.0份，pH调节剂0.1‑1.0份(调节pH 7‑8)，表面活性剂0.1‑3.0份，分散介质100份。本发明中涉及的染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水专门为适应纺织品数码喷印结构生色的性能而开发，可以实现纺织品上同步生成色素色底色和结构色。为适应纺织品柔性的要求，本发明通过数码按需喷印构建超薄型结构色光子晶体膜，几乎不影响纺织品的手感。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织品数码喷印技术，具体涉及一种染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水的制备及利用其在纺织品上进行数码喷印构建光子晶体结构生色的方法。
背景技术
光子晶体(PCs)属于光子禁带材料，是自然界中普遍存在的一种结构生色方式。当可见光波段(380-780nm)落入光子晶体特有的禁带内，光子晶体会选择性反射禁带中被禁止传播的光，这些被反射的光在呈现周期性排列结构的光子晶体表面形成相干衍射，人眼就可以看见绚丽的结构色。采用重力沉降、垂直沉降等微球浸渍自组装技术在纺织品上构造结构色光子晶体的方式屡见报道，但是，存在组装时间长、材料浪费、不能按需定位组装着色等问题，而且，报道中所指自组装所用织物都需要预先染成黑色，这显然进一步增加了工艺流程和时间。
本发明通过制备染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水，将染料均匀分散在纳米微球液之间，以数码喷印的方式按需定位施加到纺织品上。在一定条件下，纳米微球可以在纺织品上进行自组装，染料也可以进行上染和固着，即纺织品在进行色素着色的同时可以构建光子晶体结构色，无需预先对纺织品上染底色。当可见光波段落入光子禁带中，未被禁阻的光将会部分或全部被纺织品上的染料吸收，被反射的光依然可在周期性排列的胶体微球表面形成衍射而呈现出绚丽多彩的结构色。
本发明提出了一种染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水的制备及其以数码喷印的方式应用于纺织品结构生色技术领域，该发明将光子晶体的结构生色仿生着色技术、染料的色素着色技术与数码喷印技术三者相结合，方便快捷地同步实现纺织品的色素着色和结构生色，产生灵动多变、栩栩如生的印制效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水的制备及其应用，将染料和纳米微球作为墨水的主要成分，应用数码喷印的方式处理到纺织品上，大量节省了微球组装时间，也不需要预先对纺织品染底色，且可以按需定位喷印构建图案，同步实现色素着色和光子晶体结构生色。
为了解决上述技术问题，采用如下技术方案：
一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水，其特征在于：该染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水由如下重量份组分的混合物均匀分散得到：单分散纳米微球1.0-5.0份(以固含量计)，商品级染料0.1-1.5份，保湿剂0.1-1.0份，粘度调节剂0.1-1.0份，pH调节剂0.1-1.0份(调节pH7-8)，表面活性剂0.1-3.0份，分散介质100份。
优选后，所述单分散纳米微球为纳米聚苯乙烯(PSt)胶体微球、纳米聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)胶体微球、纳米聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸)(P(St-MAA))胶体微球、纳米聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酸)(P(St-AA))胶体微球、纳米聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(P(St-MAA-MMA))胶体微球、纳米聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(P(St-AA-MMA))胶体微球和纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)胶体微球中的任意一种。
优选后，所述单分散纳米微球的粒径范围为180-380nm。
优选后，所述单分散纳米微球的球形度良好且其单分散指数(PDI)不超过0.08。
优选后，所述的染料为商品级活性染料、商品级酸性染料。
优选后，所述保湿剂为丙三醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、乙二醇、1,2-己二醇、1,2-丙二醇、山梨醇、1,5-戊二醇、2-吡咯烷酮中的任意一种。
优选后，所述粘度调节剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、甘油聚氧乙烯醚、聚醚多醇、羧甲基纤维素钠中的任意一种。
优选后，所述表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、硬脂酸钠、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的任意一种。
优选后，所述的pH调节剂为碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠、三乙醇胺、磷酸氢二钠中的任意一种。
根据权利要求1所述一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水，其特征在于：所述分散介质为去离子水、不同体积比的去离子水/乙醇的混合溶液(如体积比10:1、7:1、5:1、3:1、1:1、1:2、1:4、1:7、1:10)中的任意一种。
一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水的制备方法，其特征在于具体过程如下：按照配比准确称取纳米微球分散液，接着依次加入商品级染料、保湿剂、粘度调节剂、表面活性剂、分散介质制得混合溶液，用pH调节剂调节体系pH为7-8，混合溶液置于超声分散器中分散15min以上，得到分散均匀的染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水。
一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水在纺织品数码喷印中的应用，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
a、将所述染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水加到模拟数码喷印的数控墨水喷射系统的墨水容器中，通过喷嘴大小的选择和喷射压力的调节控制喷射液滴的大小，并通过三维数控程序设定精确控制喷印位置，在经过前处理的待印织物表面按设计的花纹图案用染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水进行喷印；
b、将喷印后的织物置于电热恒温烘箱中，在保持烘箱内部温度为60-70℃并伴有鼓风条件下处理10-20min，使胶体微球在织物表面完成自组装过程，产生结构色；
c、将已烘干的织物置于圆筒蒸化机中，在保持蒸化机过饱和蒸汽、温度为100-105℃的条件下汽蒸1-5min，生成色素色底色。
优选后，所述待印织物为真丝织物、棉织物，均无底色要求。
优选后，所述待印织物的前处理是海藻酸钠/防水剂的拒水整理。
由于采用上述技术方案，具有以下有益效果：
本发明与现有技术相比，具有的优势在于：以染料和纳米微球作为墨水主体成分，以数码喷印的方式将染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水施加在纺织品上，实现同步构建染料色素底色和光子晶体结构色，实现按需定位的生色效果，免去了预先染色织物的步骤，有利于仿生结构生色在纺织品上的实际应用。
本发明中涉及的染料掺杂纳米微球墨水配方是专门为适应纺织品数码印花结构生色的性能而开发。为适应纺织品柔性的要求，本发明通过数码按需喷涂构建超薄型光子晶体结构膜，几乎不影响织物手感。需要注意的是，不同的纳米微球本身的带电性不同，因而墨水体系中的其它成分需作相应的优化和调整，但与本发明的思路类似，均在本发明的保护范围之内。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明：
图1为本发明数码喷印操作流程示意图；
图2为本发明模拟数码喷印示意图；
图3为活性染料掺纳米微球型墨水在真丝织物上的喷印生色效果(紫红)；
图4为活性染料掺纳米微球型墨水在真丝织物上的喷印生色效果(橙色)；
图5为活性染料掺纳米微球型墨水在真丝织物上的喷印生色效果(亮黄)；
图6为活性染料掺纳米微球型墨水在真丝织物上的喷印生色效果(浅绿)；
图7为活性染料掺纳米微球型墨水在真丝织物上的喷印生色效果(蓝色)；
图8为活性染料掺纳米微球型墨水在真丝织物上的喷印生色效果(青色)。
具体实施方式
下面通过非限制性实施例对本发明的方案做出说明；
在下述实验方法案例中，如无特别说明，所用的试剂、材料和设备均可从商业途径购得，或者常规方法制得，或者本行业常用的。
其中，模拟数码喷射系统：采用数码液体分配系统，D-585型，美国NordsonAsymtek公司生产。
实施例1：
(1)准确称取纳米聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸)(P(St-MAA))胶体微球乳液(粒径为246nm，单分散指数为0.02)3.0份(以固含量计)和C.I.活性黑13 0.1份，加入丙三醇0.5份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮0.5份，十二烷基磺酸钠0.5份，去离子水100份，然后加入0.3份碳酸钠溶液调节pH＝7-8，将各组分混合后置于超声分散器中分散15min，得到分散均匀的染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水。
(2)将染料掺杂胶体微球型墨水加载至数码液体分配系统，设定喷印参数，按设计的图案定位按需喷印在经前处理的真丝织物表面；
(3)将喷印染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水的织物置于电热恒温烘箱中，在温度为60-70℃并伴有鼓风条件下处理10-20min，使胶体微球在织物表面完成自组装过程，产生结构色；
(4)汽蒸条件：将已烘干的织物置于圆筒蒸化机中，在保持蒸化机过饱和蒸汽、温度为100-105℃的条件下汽蒸1-5min，产生色素色。
实施例2：
准确称取纳米聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酸)(P(St-AA))胶体微球乳液(粒径为345nm，单分散指数为0.05)5.0份，C.I.活性黑8 0.5份，加入乙二醇1.0份，甘油聚氧乙烯醚0.1份，十二烷基硫酸钠1.0份，去离子水100份，然后加入1.0份碳酸氢钠溶液调节pH＝7-8，将各组分混合后置于超声分散器中分散15min，得到分散均匀的染料掺杂胶体微球型墨水。
数码喷印、自组装条件与方法及汽蒸条件与实施例1中(2)(3)(4)相同。
实施例3：
准确称取纳米聚苯乙烯(PSt)胶体微球乳液(粒径为200nm，单分散指数为0.02)4.0份，C.I.活性黄3 0.5份，加入1,2-己二醇0.1份，聚醚多醇0.8份，十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.8份，去离子水100份，然后加入0.3份碳酸钠溶液调节pH＝7-8，将各组分混合后置于超声分散器中分散15min，得到分散均匀的染料掺杂胶体微球型墨水。
数码喷印、自组装条件与方法及汽蒸条件与实施例1中(2)(3)(4)相同。
实施例4：
准确称取纳米聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(P(St-MAA-MMA))胶体微球乳液(粒径为286nm，单分散指数为0.03)3.0份，C.I.活性红24 1.5份，加入1,2-丙二醇1.0份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1.0份，硬脂酸钠1.0份，去离子水/乙醇的混合液(二者体积比为7:1)100份，然后加入0.5份磷酸氢二钠溶液调节pH＝7-8，将各组分混合后置于超声分散器中分散15min，得到分散均匀的染料掺杂胶体微球型墨水。
数码喷印、自组装条件与方法及汽蒸条件与实施例1中(2)(3)(4)相同。
实施例5：
准确称取二氧化硅(SiO2)胶体微球乳液(粒径为265nm，单分散指数为0.03)1.0份，C.I.酸性黑109 0.5份，加入山梨醇1.0份，羧甲基纤维素钠0.8份，烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚0.1份，去离子水/乙醇的混合液(二者体积比为10:1)100份，然后加入0.1份氢氧化钠溶液调节pH＝7-8，将各组分混合后置于超声分散器中分散15min，得到分散均匀的染料掺杂胶体微球型墨水。
数码喷印、自组装条件与方法及汽蒸条件与实施例1中(2)(3)(4)相同。
为了使本发明的技术方案及特点更加清楚明白，便于领域内普通技术人员的理解，上述描述的具体实施方式仅对本发明作解释说明，并不局限于实施本发明。任何以本发明为基础，为解决基本相同的技术问题，实现基本相同的技术效果，所作出地简单变化、等同替换或者修饰等，皆涵盖于本发明的保护范围之中。
Claims (5)
1.一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水，其特征在于：该染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水由如下重量份组分的混合物均匀分散得到：单分散纳米微球乳液1.0-5.0份；商品级染料0.1-1.5份，保湿剂0.1-1.0份，粘度调节剂0.1-1.0份，pH调节剂0.1-1.0份，表面活性剂0.1-3.0份，分散介质100份；其中，所述保湿剂为丙三醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、乙二醇、1,2-己二醇、1,2-丙二醇、山梨醇、1,5-戊二醇、2-吡咯烷酮中的任意一种；所述粘度调节剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、甘油聚氧乙烯醚、聚醚多醇、羧甲基纤维素钠中的任意一种；
其中，所述单分散纳米微球为纳米聚苯乙烯胶体微球、纳米聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯胶体微球、纳米聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸)胶体微球、纳米聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酸)胶体微球、纳米聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)胶体微球、纳米聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)胶体微球和纳米二氧化硅胶体微球中的任意一种；
所述单分散纳米微球的粒径范围为180-380nm，所述单分散纳米微球的球形度良好且其单分散指数不超过0.08。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水，其特征在于：所述表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、硬脂酸钠、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚中的任意一种；所述的pH调节剂为碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠、三乙醇胺、磷酸氢二钠中的任意一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水，其特征在于：所述分散介质为去离子水、不同体积比的去离子水/乙醇的混合溶液中的任意一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水的制备方法，其特征在于具体过程如下：按照配比准确称取单分散纳米微球乳液，接着依次加入商品级染料、保湿剂、粘度调节剂、表面活性剂、分散介质制得混合溶液，用pH调节剂调节体系pH为7-8，混合溶液置于超声分散器中分散15min以上，得到分散均匀的染料掺杂纳米微球型墨水。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种纺织品数码喷印用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水在纺织品数码喷印中的应用，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
a、将所述染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水加到模拟数码喷印的数控墨水喷射系统的墨水容器中，通过喷嘴大小的选择和喷射压力的调节控制喷射液滴的大小，并通过三维数控程序设定精确控制喷印位置，在经过前处理的待印织物表面按设计的花纹图案用染料掺杂纳米微球型结构生色墨水进行喷印；所述待印织物为真丝织物、棉织物，均无底色要求，所述待印织物的前处理是海藻酸钠/防水剂的拒水整理；
b、将喷印后的织物置于电热恒温烘箱中，在保持烘箱内部温度为60-70℃并伴有鼓风条件下处理10-20min，使单分散纳米微球乳液在织物表面完成自组装过程，产生结构色；
c、将已烘干的织物置于圆筒蒸化机中，在保持蒸化机过饱和蒸汽、温度为100-105℃的条件下汽蒸1-5min，生成色素色底色。
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