CN105981618A - Safe and circulating disease and pest prevention and control method for organic rice - Google Patents
Safe and circulating disease and pest prevention and control method for organic rice Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a safe and circulating disease and pest prevention and control method for organic rice and belongs to the technical field of organic agriculture. The method is characterized in that agricultural prevention and control methods such as rice field-upland field rotation, resistant rice seeds, ploughing and soaking for a long time for killing stem borers and cultivation of strong seedlings are adopted according to rice growth and disease and pest occurrence rules, biological prevention and control methods of stocking of fish fries and tadpoles and biological modelling utilizing a sex attractant are adopted, a physical prevention and control method of mounting of insecticidal lamps and yellow sticky traps is adopted, plants are combined for protecting copper sulphate products, 100 billion spores per g of bacillus subtilis, bordeaux mixture, 40 billion spores per g of beauveria bassiana WG and 0.3% sophocarpidine EC, and special and circulating prevention and control on diseases and pests are carried out. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the problems that prevention and control means on the diseases and pests of the organic rice are less and the effect is poor are effectively solved, the control efficiency on rice plant hoppers is more than 80%, the control efficiency on rice leaf folders, the stem borers and weevil larvae is more than 90%, the control efficiency on rice leaf blast is 60%, the control efficiency on neck blast is 80%, the large-scale yield increase is 10%, and safe and efficient internal circulation of prevention and control on the diseases and pests is realized, so that the aim of protecting ecology is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic agriculture production technical field, the pest and disease damage being specifically related to a kind of organic rice circulates safely anti-prosecutor
Method.
Background technology
According to irrigation conditions, paddy growth environment is divided into 4 kinds of ecotypes: irrigate rice, low-lying field rain-irrigated paddy, floating rice and
Deep water rice, upland rice.Wherein the growth of low-lying field rain-irrigated paddy is mainly affected by factors such as rainfall, arid, flood and soil are barren；
Floating rice and deep water rice are affected by arid, later stage long-time flood and the weeds of fertility early stage, and arid and weeds are then upland rice growths
Limiting factor, and irrigate rice growth climate factor and affect relatively small, mainly affected by biological factor, such as rice blast, rice
Snout moths larva, planthopper, the impact of weevil；
China is Rice Production big country, wherein irrigates rice and accounts for more than 95%, owing to by monsoon control, summer high temperature is rainy, because of
The particularly insect pest of this pest and disease damage occurs serious；Preventing and treating aspect, rice terrace medication has become the crop that crops medication is most, by
In improper medication or excessively medication, not only production cost is high, also kills natural enemy, impact ecology, and Oryza sativa L. to be paid much attention to is sick
Pest control and major experiment and Agricultural product without pollution because this with food safety, environmental conservation relation the closest.
During organic paddy rice refers to rice cultivation, use continuable agricultural technology to maintain continual and steady agricultural production body
System, uses the Oryza sativa L. that the Planting pattern of organic agriculture is produced, and the organic authentication of base of Recognizing NCB must be passed through in the place of production,
Organic paddy rice input in process of production does not use genetically engineered biological and product, does not use the chemical fertilizer of chemosynthesis, pesticide
With growth regulator etc..
About organic rice insect pest preventing and controlling method, more existing relevant reports in some patents and open source literature.Now take passages as follows:
Chinese Patent Application No. 201110100591.6, a kind of pest integrative utilizing rice field, hills to produce organic rice preventing and treating is done
Method, is characterized in that rice varieties rotation sowing, trap lamp pest control, duck-raising enclosed paddy fields, biological agriculture in Oryza sativa L. different growing
Medicine and vegetable insecticide deinsectization are combined as described pest integrative prevention and treatment method.Insecticide pesticide described in this patented technology is
Su Teling and matrine, wherein matrine plays auxiliary insecticidal action.Leading insecticide Soviet Union Trane is to use Bacillus thuringiensis preponderant strains
Strain fermentation forms, and its limitation is that quick-acting is poor, and after pests about 2 days just can take effect, and about 1 day lasting period, to harm
Bigger high instar larvae is insensitive, the field lasting period is short and recombinant strain hereditary character instability etc. has become the most affects it
The restraining factors successfully promoted the use of further.
Chen Jianghua etc., the field efficacy of planthopper is compared by 4 kinds of biological pesticides, Ningbo agricultural science and technology, the 2013, the 1st phase,
P8-9.The field efficacy comparative result of planthopper is shown by 4 kinds of biological pesticides: 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana water-dispersible grain
Agent (WG) 1500g/hm2Best to the prevention effect of planthopper, after medicine, the preventive effect of 3d, 7d, 15d is respectively 44.54%, 59.70
% and 66.98%；0.3% matrine cream (EC) 1500mL/hm2Preventive effect take second place, after medicine, 3～15d preventive effects are 38.51
% mono-50.16%, the preventive effect processed less than comparison medicament pyrrole worm ketone and Buprofezin.
Kong Fanwu etc., 40,000,000,000 spores/gram beauveria bassiana WP prevent and treat rice-stem borer Preliminary Report on Experiment, and Anhui agronomy is circulated a notice of,
2010,22 phases, P86-87.Carry out 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WP (sky catches) preventing and treating rice-stem borer test, result
Show: biological pesticide 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WP20g/ mu has preferable prevention effect to striped rice borer.7d after medicine
Beauveria bassiana preventive effect reaches 88.83%；20d after medicine, preventive effect reaches 98.35%, the 40% triazophos EC (snout moth's larva used with current large area
Shi Jing) etc. pharmacy control efficacy is suitable, but has safe, quick-acting, and the advantage such as lasting period length, can be as the master of preventing and treating rice-stem borer
Medicament is wanted to promote.
History Cuiping etc., 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis preventing and treating rice blast effect, agricultural modernization, 2013,
6th phase, P7-8.Prevent by Oryza sativa L. cut phase and full heading time being sprayed 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis wettable powder
Control rice blast test.Result shows, the use of 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis is to paddy growth safety, to Oryza sativa L.
Leaf pestilence disease refers to that preventive effect is 43.30%～56.70%, and panicle blast disease referring to, preventive effect is 71.43%～76.50%, and effect of increasing production is obvious,
Volume increase 5.2%～8.1%.
It is understood that use trap lamp, paddy field aquaculture, biological pesticide and vegetable insecticide etc. as having from open source literature
Machine Rice Cropping pest control method, but method is single, has no on the basis of effective ecosystem and benign cycle and is implemented with
Machine rice pest circulates safely the open source literature report of prevention and control, and this is still that problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed for above technology, the pest and disease damage that the invention provides a kind of organic rice circulates safely preventing control method.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem is used:
The basic principle of organic paddy rice pest and disease damage prevention and control be " put prevention first, comprehensive control, specialty preventing and treating, circulate prevention and control ".
Described method be preferentially use rice field-upland field rotation kill in varying environment pest and disease damage, select resistant variety, plough macerate green manure field go out snout moths larva,
Applying organic manure cultivates the agricultural preventing control methods such as strong sprout, utilizes rice pest natural enemy fish, Rana nigromaculata and gyplure bionical as biological anti-
Prosecutor method, uses at rice growing season and installs the physics preventing control method such as trapping lamp, Yellow sticky trap, and combine plant protection product
Product copper sulfate, 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis, Bordeaux mixture, 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WG and 0.3% are bitter
Ginseng alkali EC carries out disease pest specialty preventing control method.So that organic paddy rice does not the most use the chemical fertilizer of chemosynthesis, pesticide situation
Can reach down not hinder natural enemy, the pest and disease damage of protecting ecology circulates safely the purpose of prevention and control.
The present invention is achieved in that
Described rice field-upland field rotation preventing control method.One season Oryza sativa L., season dry farming leguminous plant, Second Year repetitive cycling, floods and droughts take turns
Alternately kill the pathogenic bacteria in varying environment and insect and crop smothering, reduce route of transmission.
Described selection resistant variety preventing control method.Select resistance non-transgenic rice variety, eliminate resistance susceptible product poor, easy
Kind, change the kind of Planting Years length in time, treatment in accordance with local conditions is selected rice blast, anti-(resistance to) property preferable Oryza sativa L. product of false smut
Kind.
Described rice field is ploughed to macerate and is controlled snout moth's larva method.Leguminous plant, before the snout moths larva that survives the winter sprouts wings, is passed through and shreds as green manure by spring,
Become thoroughly decomposed with animal turn over together with muck, dry harrowing soil, fill deep water submergence rice stub retting 15～20 days, kill snout moth's larva pupa of surviving the winter；With
Time, the fertilizer used is conducive to Oryza sativa L. Healthy culture to cultivate strong sprout, improves disease-resistant level.
Described biological preventing control method.One is to select suitable rice pest natural enemy natural from rice transplanting phase to the ripe and harvested phase
The environmental condition of breeding, cultivation fish, Rana nigromaculata kill insect；Two is the bionical Prevention Technique of gyplure, before adult copulation, adopts
Trap and kill striped rice borer male insect with the gyplure of synthetic, alleviate insect of future generation and cause harm.
Described physics preventing control method.One is to use light trap insect technology, installs trapping lamp, in evil concentrating district in flakes
Night every day worm adult emergence period turns on light, and traps and kills the adult of the various pests such as striped rice borer, planthopper, rice leaf roller, yellow rice borer；
Two is to install Yellow sticky trap, trapping plant hopper, leafhopper, thrips, aphid, weevil etc..
Described seed treatment preventing control method.Rice paddy seed is basked seeds and saline selects, and then with 0.2% copper sulfate, (mineral come
Source) solution seed soaking 48 hours, prevents the Bakanae disease of rice, false smut, rice blast；Seed rice uses 50-55 DEG C of disinfection with hot water 5min again,
Kill the insect pest such as nematode aphelenchoide, planthopper, then pull accelerating germination, sowing out.
Described plant protection products preventing control method.Use plant protection products be 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis,
Bordeaux mixture intersects and coordinates for rice blast, the prevention and control of banded sclerotial blight field, 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WG and 0.3% Radix Sophorae Flavescentis
Alkali EC intersects and coordinates for planthopper, rice leaf roller, snout moths larva, the preventing and treating of weevil larva.
The pest and disease damage of above-described a kind of organic rice circulates safely preventing control method, is embodied as step and is:
(1) plantation dry farming: the mid or late September after rice harves, plants the beans such as Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici), Vicia dasycarpa, Semen Viciae fabae, Semen Pisi sativi
Section plant；Select different leguminous plants according to local weather and edaphic condition, the winter resistance of Vicia dasycarpa be better than Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici), Semen Viciae fabae,
Semen Pisi sativi, Vicia dasycarpa is drought-enduring but is not so good as the resistance to stain of Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici).In plantation circulation, implement rice field-upland field rotation, alternately kill the disease in varying environment
Bacterium and insect and crop smothering, reduce route of transmission.
(2) rice field is ploughed and is macerated green manure manure use: in early April next year, treats that leguminous plant enters initial bloom stage, chopping
As green manure, turn over together with the muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed with animal, dry harrowing soil, make organic fertilizer be sufficiently mixed with soil, shine 1～2 natural
After turn over field, fill deep water submergence rice stub retting 15～20 days, kill snout moth's larva pupa of surviving the winter；Meanwhile, the fertilizer used is conducive to water
Rice Healthy culture cultivates strong sprout, improves disease-resistant level.
(3) excavate Yu Gou, Yu Keng: in rice field surrounding from ridge 0.8～the local excavation ring field Yu Gou of 1.0 meters wholely, and
Excavating " ten " font center Yu Gou again according to field size, fish ditch depth 0.3m, wide 0.4m, simultaneously at the angle, field near water inlet
Or Tanaka's heart digs one deep one meter, area about 3～5m2Big fish hole, in case fish perches.The ditch of breeding fish on limit, rice field be fish, moth carry
For habitat, according to the different requirements to moisture of the Oryza sativa L. different growing, fish enters the depth of water, and shallow fish moves back water.
(4) seed described in selects and processing method.Can not use transformed variety, select disease-resistant variety, rice paddy seed shines
Kind and saline select, then with 0.2% copper sulfate (mineral origin) solution seed soaking 48 hours, prevent the Bakanae disease of rice, false smut,
Rice blast；Seed rice, again with 50-55 DEG C of disinfection with hot water 5min, kills the insect pest such as nematode aphelenchoide, planthopper, then pull out accelerating germination,
Sowing.
(5) cultivating rice shoot: sowing date for early sowing, the Miao Zhuan being bred as in dry rice seedling mode, resistance is best, at a leaf wholeheartedly
Phase sprays 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis and prevents plant hopper from passing poison and virus breeding, and progressively ventilate after 2 leaf 1 hearts seedling exercising；
Rice seedling bed uses to send before pulling up seedlings for 2～3 days transfers medicine 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis and 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WG.
(6) rice transplanting: rice shoot is planted in rice field according to planting density.
(7) breed fish fry, Rana nigromaculata seedling: breeding fish fry after rice shoot is turned green and Rana nigromaculata seedling, general rice field fry be careless
Fish, Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus are multiple or a kind of, about 500～800 tails that breed fish fry in fish is cheated/and mu, rice field uniformly dissipates anti-Rana nigromaculata children
Seedling 400～500/mu, Rana nigromaculata seedling is individual with fry quite, in case eating mutually, cultivating the natural enemy such as fish, Rana nigromaculata and killing insect.
(8) water management: according to the different requirements to moisture of the Oryza sativa L. different growing, implement " front solarization shallow, middle, rear wet
Profit " use water principle, strict water table management combines the method for rice field fish culture, and i.e. holding is breeded fish has water, the rice field depth of water to make fish in ditch
Entering rice field edible pest and weeds, the shallow fish of paddy field water returns ditch of breeding fish.
(9) the professional prevention and control of Scale in Paddy Field Rice Diseases peak period: use the bionical prevention and controls of gyplure, physics preventing control method and knot
Close plant protection products and carry out disease pest preventing control method.
(10) dry field, results: gather in the crops first 8～12 days, draining, dry field, results.After having gathered in the crops, by field
Caulis et Folium Oryzae is pulverized and is uniformly scattered, and is ready for next batch of fabaceous sowing, and results organic rice grain is stored and sold.
(11) based on above-mentioned, in step (2), supplementing fertilizer according to the quantity of retting green manure, every mu of rice field uses
The fresh grass of 1000kg beans, supplements the 400～500kg/ animal fermented muck of mu and high nitrogen oil cake fermentation liquid according to different soils character
Body fertilizer, mineral nitrogen phosphate fertilizer, mineral nitrogen potash fertilizer are advantageously in high yield, and conversion N+P205+K20 total content is 30kg/ mu；
(12) based on above-mentioned, in step (5), rice shoot is cultivated according to sowing date for early sowing in dry rice seedling mode, generally often
The sowing of early April in year, seedbed should select hidding and sunny side, cleanliness without any pollution, the place of convenient management, and the autumn turns over anti-upturned soil and freezes solarization, smart
Thin whole seedbed, enriches the fertilizer 750kg/ mu seedbed through harmless treatment fully become thoroughly decomposed.Irrigate bottom water before sowing, sprinkle
Through the seed 100～150g/m that accelerating germination shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally2, to pat and bury, surface is covered 0.5～1cm dry ground again and waters, and buckles well thin film training
Seedling raising.
(13) based on above-mentioned, in step (5), 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis is sprayed in leaf one heart stage] 10
Gram/acre, prevent plant hopper from passing poison and virus breeding, it is to avoid or postpone the susceptible morbidity of rice shoot.
(14) based on above-mentioned, in step (5), rice shoot uses to send before pulling up seedlings for 2～3 days transfers medicine, uses 100,000,000,000 buds
Spore/g bacillus subtilis 10～20g/ mu prevention rice blast in tillering stage, 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WG100g/ mu conduct
Prevention snout moths larva in tillering stage.
(15) based on above-mentioned, in step (9), using the bionical prevention and controls of gyplure is to maturation from the rice growing phase
Harvest time, anti-striped rice borer, every mu of extension adds detergent water in luring device 1 and sex pheromone 1 piece, trapper；Anti-cnaphalocrocis
Snout moth's larva, hangs viscose glue trapper 1 and sex pheromone 1 piece for every mu.Periodically (about 30 days) change lure, and periodic collection trapper lures
Obtain adult, reduce field ovum amount and larva amount, alleviate insect of future generation and cause harm.
(16) based on above-mentioned, in step (9), using physics preventing control method is to the ripe and harvested phase from the rice growing phase,
By distance 200m rice field, organic paddy rice growing area vertical area, one solar energy frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp is installed, every in the adult pest emergence period
It night turns on light, and utilizes that insect has the stronger light that becomes, become wave property, and light wave is set in particular range. closely use up,
Remote ripple lures adult pest to flutter lamp, is equipped with frequency vibration high-voltage fence outside lamp, trapping chilo suppressalis, yellow rice borer, planthopper,
The adult of the various pests such as rice leaf roller, leafhopper, weevil, makes adult fall into special insect inoculation bag under lamp, with reach to kill insect,
Control the purpose of insect pest；Meanwhile, every mu inserts Yellow sticky trap 20 trapping plant hopper, leafhopper, thrips, aphid etc.；
(17) based on above-mentioned, in step (9), peak period, plant protection products prevention and control rice field disease pest is used, its protection
Product is 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis, Bordeaux mixture, 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WG and 0.3% matrine
EC。
(18) based on above-mentioned, in step (17), plant protection products 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis is used
Bacterium, Bordeaux mixture are for rice blast, banded sclerotial blight field control.For improving preventive effect, apply 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis
Bacterium 10～20g/ mu, Bordeaux mixture 40～50kg/ mu transpostion interval ten days with the use of.Its Bordeaux mixture matched proportion density is: sulfur
Acid copper: quick lime: water is 1: 2: 200.
(19) based on above-mentioned, in step (17), employing plant protection products 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WG,
0.3% matrine EC is for planthopper, rice leaf roller, weevil larva and the field control of snout moths larva.For improving preventive effect, and delay
The rising of pest resistance to insecticide, should suitably do sth. in advance to use, and uses when cloudy day or dusk, and field insect population number density is unsuitable time bigger
Single administration plant protection products, application 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WG100g/ mu and matrine EC100ml/ mu are handed over
Fork interval three days with the use of, the prevention effect that effectively controls of planthopper is reached 80%, rice leaf roller, snout moths larva, weevil larva
The prevention effect that effectively controls reach 90%.
(20) the positive effect of the present invention is according to paddy growth rule and disease pest pests occurrence rule, uses Oryza sativa L. rice field-upland field rotation
Kill the pest and disease damage in varying environment, select resistant variety, plough macerate green manure field go out snout moths larva, enrich decomposed manure and cultivate strong sprout etc.
Agricultural preventing control method, utilizes rice pest natural enemy fish, Rana nigromaculata and gyplure bionical as biological preventing control method, at rice growing season
Use and the physics preventing control method such as trapping lamp, Yellow sticky trap is installed, and combine plant protection products copper sulfate, 100,000,000,000 buds
Spore/g bacillus subtilis, Bordeaux mixture, that 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WG and 0.3% matrine EC carries out disease pest is special
Industry circulation preventing control method.Wherein the prevention effect that effectively controls of planthopper is reached more than 80%, rice leaf roller, snout moths larva, as
The prevention effect that effectively controls of first larva reaches more than 90%, Rice Leaf pestilence disease being referred to, preventive effect is 60%, panicle blast disease referring to, preventive effect is
80%, effect of increasing production is obvious, increases production 10%.It is " organic that all inputs in manufacture of organic rice meet GB/T19630.1-2011
Product Part I: produce " standard, the method application so that organic paddy rice the most do not use chemosynthesis chemical fertilizer,
Can reach to cultivate insect pest natural enemy, the pest and disease damage of protecting ecology in the case of pesticide and circulate safely the purpose of prevention and control.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with example, the present invention will be further described, and it comprises the following steps:
(1) plantation dry farming: the mid-September after rice harves, plants the pulse families such as Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici), Vicia dasycarpa, Semen Viciae fabae, Semen Pisi sativi
Plant；Select different leguminous plants according to local weather and edaphic condition, the winter resistance of Vicia dasycarpa be better than Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici), Semen Viciae fabae,
Semen Pisi sativi, Vicia dasycarpa is drought-enduring but is not so good as the resistance to stain of Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici).Rice field-upland field rotation in rice cultivation, alternately kill pathogenic bacteria in varying environment and
Insect and crop smothering, reduce route of transmission.
(2) rice field is ploughed and is macerated green manure manure use: in early April next year, treat the pulse families such as Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici), Semen Viciae fabae, Semen Pisi sativi
Plant enters initial bloom stage, and chopping as green manure, turns over together with the muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed with animal, dry harrowing soil, makes organic fertilizer and soil
It is sufficiently mixed, field of then turning over after shining 2 days, fills deep water submergence rice stub retting 20 days, kill snout moth's larva pupa of surviving the winter；If water conservation
The yellow mud field that nutrient preserving capability is good, uses the fertilizing method of " bombards ", supplements fertilizer, every mu of rice according to the quantity of retting green manure
Field uses the fresh grass of 1000kg beans, supplements the base fertilizer animal fermented muck of 500kg/ mu advantageously in high yield；If husky earth field,
Every mu of rice field uses the fresh grass of 1000kg beans, and apply fertilizer to the subsoil the animal fermented muck of 400kg/ mu, increases the fermentation of fringe granulated fertilizer height nitrogen oil cake
Liquid Fertilizer 100kg/ mu and mineral nitrogen phosphate fertilizer, mineral nitrogen potash fertilizer, as supplementing advantageously in high yield, convert N+P2O5+K2O total content
For 30kg/ mu.
(3) excavate Yu Gou, Yu Keng: excavate ring field Yu Gou, and root in rice field surrounding from the place of ridge 0.8～1.0m wholely
Excavate " ten " font center Yu Gou again according to field size, fish ditch depth 0.3m, wide 0.4m, simultaneously near the angle, field of water inlet or
Tanaka's heart digs one deep one meter, area about 3～5m2Big fish hole, in case fish perches.The ditch of breeding fish on limit, rice field is fish, the frog provides
Habitat, according to the different requirements to moisture of the Oryza sativa L. different growing, fish enters the depth of water, and shallow fish moves back water.
(4) Fruit variety, seedling: transformed variety can not be used, it is therefore desirable to local Major Diseases is had stronger resistance, with
Time take into account high-quality and high yield, optimum period, is in annual early April early sowing；The Miao Zhuan that seedling is bred as in dry rice seedling mode, resistance is
Good, medium for dry breeding of seedling bed should select hidding and sunny side, cleanliness without any pollution, the place of convenient management, and the autumn turns over anti-upturned soil and freezes solarization, fine whole Seedling
Bed, enriches the fertilizer 750kg/ mu seedbed through harmless treatment fully become thoroughly decomposed；Rice paddy seed is basked seeds and saline selects,
Then with 0.2% copper sulfate (mineral origin) solution seed soaking 48h, seed rice with 50～55 DEG C of disinfection with hot water 5min, is then pulled out again
Accelerating germination, sowing.Irrigate bottom water before sowing, sprinkle the seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally through accelerating germination, 100～150g/m2, to pat and bury, surface is again
Cover 0.5～1cm dry ground and water, buckling well thin film and cultivate rice shoot；100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis is sprayed in leaf one heart stage
Bacterium 10 grams/acre, prevents plant hopper from passing poison and virus breeding, it is to avoid or postpone the susceptible morbidity of rice shoot.Progressively ventilate after 2 leaf 1 hearts
Seedling exercising.
(5) sprinkling is sent and is transferred medicine, rice transplanting: rice shoot is pulled up seedlings first 3 days to use to send and transferred medicine, uses 100,000,000,000 spore/g hay spore
Bacillus 20g/ mu prevention tillering stage rice blast, 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WG100g/ mu as prevention tillering stage snout moths larva,
According to planting density, rice shoot is planted in rice field.
(6) breed fish fry, Rana nigromaculata seedling: breed fish fry after rice shoot is turned green and Rana nigromaculata seedling, general rice field fry be Ctenopharyngodon idellus,
Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus are multiple or a kind of, and breed fish fry about 800 tails in fish is cheated/mu, rice field uniformly dissipate anti-Rana nigromaculata seedling 500/
Mu, Rana nigromaculata seedling is individual with fry quite, in case eating mutually, cultivating the natural enemy such as fish, Rana nigromaculata and killing insect.
(7) water management: according to the different requirements to moisture of the Oryza sativa L. different growing, implement " front solarization shallow, middle, moisten afterwards "
Use water principle, strict water management combines the method for rice field fish culture, has water, the rice field depth of water to make fish enter in the ditch that i.e. keeps breeding fish
Rice field edible pest, the shallow fish of paddy field water returns ditch of breeding fish.
(8) the bionical preventing control method of gyplure that trophophase insect pest uses: from the rice growing phase to ripe and harvested phase, anti-striped rice borer,
Every mu of extension adds detergent water in luring device 1 and sex pheromone 1 piece, trapper；Anti-rice leaf roller, hangs viscose glue trapping for every mu
Device 1 and sex pheromone 1 piece.Periodically (about 30 days) change lure, and periodic collection trapper lures and obtains adult, reduce field ovum
Amount and larva amount, alleviate insect of future generation and cause harm.
(9) the physics preventing control method that the insect pest of trophophase field uses, from the rice growing phase to the ripe and harvested phase, by organic paddy rice
Growing area vertical area distance 200m installs a solar energy frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp, in every day adult pest emergence period lighting time by
Light automatically controls, and is 18:00 every night and automatically turns off the light according to humidity to 4:00 on next day, thundery sky, and rain is fine turns on light automatically.
Utilize that insect has the stronger light that becomes, become wave property, and light wave is set in particular range. closely use up, remote ripple draws
Lure adult pest to flutter lamp, outside lamp, be equipped with frequency vibration high-voltage fence, trapping chilo suppressalis, yellow rice borer, planthopper, rice leaf roller,
The adult of the various pests such as leafhopper, makes adult fall into special insect inoculation bag under lamp, to reach to kill insect, the purpose of control insect pest；
Meanwhile, every mu is hung 24 × 30 yellow plate insect-sticking plates 20 pieces, it is desirable to being advisable higher than crop top 20cm in yellow plate lower end, mainly uses
In trapping plant hopper, leafhopper, thrips, aphid etc..
(10) the plant protection products preventing control method that trophophase field rice blast, banded sclerotial blight use: 100,000,000,000 spore/gram withered
Grass bacillus cereus and Bordeaux mixture transpostion interval are used for rice blast, banded sclerotial blight field control in ten days.Wherein 100,000,000,000 spore/gram withered
Grass bacillus cereus 20 grams/acre, its Bordeaux mixture matched proportion density is: copper sulfate: quick lime: water is 1: 2: 200, sprays medicine
Liquid measure is 45kg/ mu.Rice Leaf pestilence disease is referred to that preventive effect is 60%, panicle blast disease is referred to, and preventive effect is 80%,
(11) use plant protection products 40,000,000,000 spore/gram beauveria bassiana WG and 0.3% matrine EC for planthopper,
The field preventing control method of rice leaf roller, weevil larva and snout moths larva: for improving preventive effect, and delay the rising of pest resistance to insecticide, should
Use the most ahead of time, and use when cloudy day or dusk, unsuitable single administration plant protection products when field insect population number density is bigger,
Apply 40,000,000,000 spores/gram beauveria bassiana WG100g/ mu and matrine EC100ml/ mu transpostion interval three days with the use of, right
The prevention effect that effectively controls of planthopper reaches 80%, and rice leaf roller, snout moths larva, the prevention effect that effectively controls of weevil larva reach 90%..
(12) dry field, results: gather in the crops first 1～2 day, draining, dry field, results.
(13) the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, effect of increasing production is obvious, and volume increase 10% is all according to the present patent application
Equalization change and the modification that the scope of the claims is done, all should belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the pest and disease damage of organic rice circulates safely a preventing control method, belongs to organic agriculture production technical field, it is characterised in that
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) plantation dry farming: the mid or late September after rice harves the previous year, selects to plant according to local weather and edaphic condition
Plant the different leguminous plants such as Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici), Vicia dasycarpa, Semen Viciae fabae, Semen Pisi sativi；
(2) rice field is ploughed and is macerated green manure manure use: in annual early April, treats that leguminous plant enters initial bloom stage, shreds conduct
Green manure, turns over together with the muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed with animal, dry harrowing soil, shines field of then turning over for 1～2 day, fill deep water submergence rice stub retting 15～
20 days, implement to plough to macerate to control snout moth's larva；
(3) excavate Yu Gou, Yu Keng: in rice field surrounding from ridge 0.8～the local excavation ring field Yu Gou of 1.0 meters wholely, and root
Excavate " ten " font center Yu Gou again according to field size, fish ditch depth 0.3m, wide 0.4m, simultaneously near the angle, field of water inlet or
Tanaka's heart digs one deep one meter, area about 3～5m2Big fish hole, in case fish perches；
(4) seed selects and processes: can not use transformed variety, selects disease-resistant variety, and rice paddy seed is basked seeds and saline selects,
Then with 0.2% copper sulfate (mineral origin) solution seed soaking 48 hours, then with 50-55 DEG C of disinfection with hot water 5min, then pull out
Accelerating germination, sowing；
(5) cultivate rice shoot: sowing date for early sowing, be bred as in dry rice seedling mode, protect product 1000 at a leaf one heart stage spray on plants
Hundred million spore/g bacillus subtilis, progressively ventilate after 2 leaf 1 hearts seedling exercising；Rice seedling bed uses to send before pulling up seedlings for 2～3 days transfers medicine 1000
Hundred million spore/g bacillus subtilis and 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WG；
(6) rice transplanting: rice shoot is planted in rice field according to planting density；
(7) breed fish fry, Rana nigromaculata seedling: breed fish fry after rice shoot is turned green and Rana nigromaculata seedling, general rice field fry be Ctenopharyngodon idellus,
Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus are multiple or a kind of, about 500～800 tails that breed fish fry in fish is cheated/and mu, rice field uniformly dissipates anti-Rana nigromaculata seedling
400～500/mu, Rana nigromaculata seedling is individual with fry quite, in case eating mutually；
(8) water management: according to the different requirements to moisture of the Oryza sativa L. different growing, implement " front solarization shallow, middle, moisten afterwards "
Use water principle, strict water table management combines the method for rice field fish culture, has water in the ditch that i.e. keeps breeding fish；
(9) the professional prevention and control of Scale in Paddy Field Rice Diseases peak period: use the bionical prevention and controls of gyplure, trapping lamp, Yellow sticky trap physics
Preventing control method and combine plant protection products 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis, Bordeaux mixture, 40,000,000,000 spores/g ball
Beauveria bassiana WG and 0.3% matrine EC carries out disease pest preventing control method；
(10) dry field, results: gather in the crops first 8～12 days, draining, dry field, results.After having gathered in the crops, by the Caulis et Folium Oryzae in field
Pulverize and uniformly scatter, be ready for next batch of fabaceous sowing.
The pest and disease damage of a kind of organic rice the most according to claim 1 circulates safely preventing control method, it is characterised in that: in step
Suddenly, in (1), select different leguminous plants according to local weather and edaphic condition, the winter resistance of Vicia dasycarpa be better than Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici),
Semen Viciae fabae, Semen Pisi sativi, but Vicia dasycarpa is drought-enduring but is not so good as the resistance to stain of Herba Astragali Melilotoidis (Herba Astragali Sinici).
3. circulate safely preventing control method according to the pest and disease damage of claim 1 organic rice, it is characterised in that: in step (2)
In, supplementing fertilizer according to the quantity of retting green manure and cultivate strong sprout, every mu of rice field uses the fresh grass of 1000kg beans, according to different soil
Earth character supplements the 400～500kg/ animal fermented muck of mu and high nitrogen oil cake fermented liquid fertilizer, mineral nitrogen phosphate fertilizer, mineral nitrogen potash fertilizer relatively
For beneficially strong sprout and high yield, convert N+P2O5+K2O total content is 30kg/ mu.
4. circulate safely preventing control method according to the pest and disease damage of claim 1 organic rice, it is characterised in that: in step (5)
In, cultivate rice shoot according to sowing date for early sowing in dry rice seedling mode, seedbed enriches the fertilizer 750kg/ mu seedbed fully become thoroughly decomposed, sowing
Before irrigate bottom water, sprinkle the seed 100～150g/m showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally through accelerating germination2, to pat and bury, 0.5～1cm dry ground is covered also again in surface
Water, buckle well thin film and carry out seedling management；100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis 10 grams/acre is sprayed in leaf one heart stage,
Rice shoot uses medicine to be transferred for 2～3 days before pulling up seedlings, use 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis 10～20g/ mu, 40,000,000,000 spores
/ g beauveria bassiana WG100g/ mu sprays.
5. circulate safely preventing control method according to the pest and disease damage of claim 1 organic rice, it is characterised in that: in step (9)
In, using the bionical prevention and controls of gyplure is from the rice growing phase to ripe and harvested phase, anti-striped rice borer, every mu of extension lure device 1 and
Sex pheromone 1 piece, adds detergent water in trapper；Anti-rice leaf roller, hangs viscose glue trapper 1 and sex pheromone for every mu
1 piece.Periodically (about 30 days) change lure, and periodic collection trapper lures and obtains adult.
6. circulate safely preventing control method according to the pest and disease damage of claim 1 organic rice, it is characterised in that: in step (9)
In, using physics preventing control method is from the rice growing phase to ripe and harvested phase, by organic paddy rice growing area vertical area distance 200m rice
Neoasozin fills a solar energy frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp, and meanwhile, every mu inserts Yellow sticky trap 20.
7. circulate safely preventing control method according to the pest and disease damage of claim 1 organic rice, it is characterised in that: in step (9)
In, use plant protection products 100,000,000,000 spore/g bacillus subtilis 10～20g/ mu, Bordeaux mixture 40～50kg/ mu to hand over
Fork interval coordinates for rice blast, banded sclerotial blight field control for ten days.Its Bordeaux mixture matched proportion density is: copper sulfate: quick lime:
Water is 1: 2: 200.
8. circulate safely preventing control method according to the pest and disease damage of claim 1 organic rice, it is characterised in that: in step (9)
In, use plant protection products 40,000,000,000 spores/g beauveria bassiana WG100g/ mu, 0.3% matrine EC100 ml/ mu to intersect
It is spaced three days and coordinates for planthopper, rice leaf roller and the field control of snout moths larva.
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| CN110484464A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-22 | 南京宁粮生物肥料有限公司 | It is a kind of for preventing and treating the microorganism formulation and organic fertilizer of the withered line disease of rice |
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| CN106614463A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 周宝龙 | Pesticide-free pest killing and fertilizing machine |
| CN107295923A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-27 | 全椒县吉祥粮食种植专业合作社 | A kind of Grain Filling management method |
| CN107455190A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-12-12 | 颍上县国源农场 | A kind of method of rice field fish culture |
| CN108624515A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-10-09 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A method of cultivating high-fire resistance muscardine bacterial strain |
| CN109588171A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-09 | 安阳工学院 | A kind of preventing control method of aphid |
| CN110214655A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-10 | 湖南神农大丰种业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of breeding method of fine quality rice |
| CN110484464A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-22 | 南京宁粮生物肥料有限公司 | It is a kind of for preventing and treating the microorganism formulation and organic fertilizer of the withered line disease of rice |
| CN112438171A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-03-05 | 北京中科金株生物科技有限公司 | Application of bacillus subtilis HF1 in astragalus planting |
| CN111758464A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-10-13 | 宜兴市金裕穗农业产业发展有限公司 | Green prevention and control method for rice field diseases and insect pests |
| CN114793799A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-29 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | Green high-yield cultivation method for double-season super rice |
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